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单词 rectify
释义

rectifyv.

Brit. /ˈrɛktᵻfʌɪ/, U.S. /ˈrɛktəˌfaɪ/
Forms:

α. Middle English recteffye, Middle English rectyfie, Middle English–1500s rectyfye, Middle English–1600s rectefie, Middle English–1700s rectifie, late Middle English– rectify, 1500s rectifye, 1600s rectefye; also Scottish 1800s– rectifee.

β. late Middle English rettefie, late Middle English retyfie.

γ. Scottish pre-1700 reckify.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French rectifier.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French rectifier, rectefier, Middle French rettifier (French rectifier ) to correct, put back in order, set right (c1280 in Old French), to make straight (1314), to distil again (14th cent.) < post-classical Latin rectificare to set right, redress (4th cent.), to set right, reform (frequently from 13th cent. in British sources), to purify (in alchemy) (from c1215 in British sources), to make straight, straighten (from c1220 in British sources), to steer (1241 in a British source), to direct, guide (from c1250 in British sources), to determine correctly (1326 in a British source), to cure, heal (1363 in Chauliac) < classical Latin rectus right (see rect adj.) + -ficāre -fy suffix. Compare Old Occitan rectifica (14th cent.), Spanish rectificar, †retificar (13th cent.), Portuguese retificar, †retificar (15th cent.), Italian rettificare (14th cent.).
1.
a. transitive. To restore (an organ or part of the body) to a normal or healthy condition. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > heal or cure [verb (transitive)] > restore to health
healc1000
temperc1000
recoverc1330
covera1375
restorec1384
recovera1398
rectifya1400
revert1446
recruita1661
re-establish1664
to set up1686
to bring toa1796
reinstate1810
tinker1823
recuperate1849
to bring about1854
to pick up1857
to fetch round1870
re-edify1897
to pull round1900
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 80 (MED) If þe lyuere eiþir þe splene ben I-greued..þou muste rectifien [v.r. retyfien] hem.
c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 87v (MED) Þou schalt rectifien þe bonys in þe mooste discrete maner þat þu canst.
1620 T. Venner Via Recta ii. 25 It notably rectifieth the stomacke.
1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. xv. 746/1 It rectifies a weak and disorderly Stomach.
1742 Ladies Physical Directory (ed. 8) iii. 22 These admirable Uterine Drops will rectify the Stomach and Blood.
1750 tr. Mem. Royal Acad. Surg. Paris II. 298 It was impossible by simple remedies, or any chirurguical operation, to rectify these vessels, and restore their apertures to their natural state.
b. transitive. To bring or restore to a normal or proper condition; to set right. Formerly also: †to establish in a proper manner (obsolete). Also intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)]
helpc950
amendc1230
bootc1330
correctc1374
menda1375
recovera1398
dighta1400
restorea1400
redressa1402
recurec1425
remedyc1425
remeidc1480
emendc1485
richa1500
rightena1500
chastisea1513
rectifya1529
redeem1575
salve1575
remed1590
reclaim1593
renew1608
retrieve1625
recruit1673
raccommode1754
splice1803
doctor1829
remediate1837
right-side1847
sort1948
the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)]
recovera1382
recurea1382
reparela1382
instore1382
store1387
restorec1390
redressc1405
repeal1479
rectifya1529
restauratea1538
redeem1575
instaurate1583
upright1601
upseta1652
reficiate1657
rehabilitate1663
retrieve1665
re-establish1706
re-rail1914
rehab1961
a1529 J. Skelton Colyn Cloute (?1545) sig. D.viv To rectyfye and amende Thynges that are amys.
1549 H. Latimer 1st Serm. before Kynges Grace sig. Cv He doth vs rectify in the libertie of the gospel, in that therefore let vs stand.
1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love i. iv. sig. C3 Your Trauaile is your onely thing that rectifies, or..makes you fit for Action. View more context for this quotation
1678 Spanish Hist. ii. 100 The question was only Then of banishing a stranger; but Now the business is to rectify Spain itself.
1680 J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Second Pt. II. 1358 I have often thought and said, that it must be some great extremity, that would recover and rectifie this State.
1725 T. Morgan Philos. Princ. Med. p. ix Any Irregularitys happening to a Clock..must necessarily continue, and disturb the Motions of the whole, till it be set right by the Hand and Skill of the Artist. There is no power or tendency in the Machine to restore or rectify it self.
1796 C. Marshall Gardening (1798) xx. 376 Espaliers, garden frames, and such things, rectify.
1809 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 21 294 In this way we may account..for the manner in which nature tends to rectify herself.
1844 T. Hood Haunted House i, in Hood's Mag. Jan. 4 No hand or foot within the precinct came To rectify or ravage.
1852 B. R. Hall Frank Freeman's Barber Shop xv. 275 Miss Clarandina rectified her ‘squash'd’ bonnet, adjusted her curls, straightened her kerchief and smoothed her gloves.
1882 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. (1892) IV. xvi. 366 The simplest and most natural way of rectifying his position.
1907 H. Schlich Man. of Forestry (ed. 2) IV. 593 The reboisement of mountain districts will rectify mountain torrents.
1988 D. Roberts Jean Stafford x. 195 He and Stafford were remarried by Schexnayder so as to rectify their bond within the Church.
c. transitive. With to. To bring into the proper or fitting condition for something; to convert to a particular use. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)]
rightlOE
attire1330
ettlea1350
to set (also put) in rulea1387
redress1389
dress?a1400
fettlea1400
governc1405
yraylle1426
direct1509
settlec1530
tune1530
instruct1534
rede1545
commodate1595
square1596
concinnate1601
concinnea1620
rectify1655
fix1663
to put (also bring) into repair1673
arrange1802
pipeclay1806
to get together1810
to do up1886
to jack up1939
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. i. 13 Many Pagan Temples in Britain..were converted into Christian Churches... This was done..to make Heathens come over more chearfully to the Christian Faith; when beholding their Temples..not sacrilegiously demolished, but solemnly continued to a pious end, and rectified to the Service of the true God.
2.
a. transitive. To treat or cure (a disease or disorder). Obsolete. Cf. sense 5a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > heal or cure [verb (transitive)]
lechnec900
helpc950
beetc975
healc1000
temperc1000
leechc1175
amendc1300
halec1330
soundc1374
sanec1386
warishc1386
defenda1400
rectifya1400
salve1411
lokenc1425
redress?c1425
recure?a1439
guarish1474
cure1526
medify1543
recover1548
resanate1599
sanate1623
sain1832
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 51 (MED) Þe which quytture schulde corrupte þilke lyme..but if þat..a good leche..helpe..to rectifien [v.r. rettefien] þe corrupcioun of þilke lyme.
?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 185 (MED) Þe pouder off mayster Arnalde de villa noua dryynge teres and rectifyinge redenesse of þe yȝen..was made for Pope John.
a1576 W. Bullein Bulwarke of Def. (1579) f. 34 Vse the redde pouder called Precipitatus doubtles, this wil rectify the vlcer, and digest it.
b. transitive. To remedy (an undesirable condition, situation, state of affairs, etc.).
ΚΠ
?c1412 T. Hoccleve in E. P. Hammond Eng. Verse between Chaucer & Surrey (1927) 76 Yit truste I þt his beneuolence Compleyne wole myn insipience..& what is mis rectifie.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. BBBiv Thus, we may se, that peyne is good, for by it, god rectifyeth synne.
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. iv. 9 That wherein vnsounder times haue done amisse, the better ages ensuing must rectifie, as they may.
1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 176 For rectifying such abuse as grow, By this foule vice.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvii. 158 He ought by meditation of the Law, to rectifie the irregularity of his Passions.
1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man ii. i. 17 It produces Consequences, which in the End rectify the original Disorder.
1829 M. Faraday Exper. Res. xliii. 255 The bottom gave way..and endeavouring to rectify this..by means of sand [etc.].
1852 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation (ed. 2) ii. vi. 285 Though there still remain some anomalies to be rectified, this statute has effected some material improvements.
1872 ‘M. Twain’ Roughing It App. A. 574 The United States tried to rectify all that by appointing territorial officers from New England and other anti-Mormon localities.
1904 J. London Sea-wolf xxxvii. 349 Again Maud rectified the twist with the watch-tackle, and again she lowered away from the windlass.
1981 B. Friel Translations in Sel. Plays (1984) 407 I can only say that I feel—I feel very foolish to—to—to be working here and not to speak your language. But I intend to rectify that—with Roland's help—indeed I do.
2007 South China Morning Post (Nexis) 13 Dec. 2 Without public engagement and financial support, these museums eventually shut down. So what should be done to rectify this undesirable state of affairs?
c. transitive. To correct, amend (a particular mistake, error, omission, defect, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > specifically an error or fault
correct1340
reforma1475
resarce1524
redub1537
redouble1542
mend?1566
rectify1588
1588 H. Oldcastle & J. Mellis Briefe Instr. Accompts sig. Fijv In the margent..yee shall set a crosse + which signifieth the error to rectify in the proper place.
1612 R. Wilbraham Jrnl. (1902) 108 Manie other parcels particularlie sett downe before the Lords in writing: wherupon the councell fell into consideracion to rectifie these defections.
1659 P. Heylyn Examen Historicum i. 173 I must make a start to fol. 91 for rectifying a mistake of our Authors.
1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 250 He discovers his own Omissions, and presently rectifies them.
1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 19 May (1965) I. 413 An Errour of his Guide, which his short stay hinder'd him from rectifying.
1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 173 Crotchets or Brackets [ ] serve to enclose a word or sentence which is to be explained in a note, or the explanation itself, or a word or sentence which is intended to supply some deficiency, or to rectify some mistake.
1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) vii. 64 The slight omission was rectified.
1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty ii. 38 He..is capable of rectifying his mistakes, by discussion and experience.
1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island xli. 322 She was haunted by a miserable fear that her mistake could never be rectified.
1957 Times 1 Nov. 11/7 The circulating blood may have to be diverted and oxygenated through a by-pass circuit while the heart is opened, so that a defect within it may be rectified.
1990 A. S. Byatt Possession xxiii. 419 ‘Have you read Christabel's Drowned City?’ ‘No,’ said a male voice. ‘It is an omission I must rectify.’
3.
a. transitive. Chemistry. To purify or refine (a substance) by distillation (esp. repeated or continuous distillation) or other chemical treatment; †to raise (spirit) to a required strength in this way (obsolete). Occasionally also intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to distillation
distil1398
stilla1400
rectify?a1425
circulate1471
redistil1600
elixirate1605
to still forth1605
to still awaya1631
cohobate1651
to draw over1654
elixira1658
?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 177 Ȝif it [sc. arsenic] be sublimed, it is þe clenner & þe better rectified & correcte.
c1450 J. Lydgate Secrees (Sloane 2464) 565 Ffirst departyng of the foure Ellementys, And afftirward..Euerych of hem for to Recteffye.
a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 13 (MED) Brynge aȝen euerych [sc. element] into 5 beynge [= quintessence] wiþ þe vessel of circulacioun..or ellis rectifie.
1594 H. Plat Diuers Chimicall Concl. Distillation 5 in Jewell House When you have divided the oyles from the waters, then you may rectifie or purify them in this manner.
1681 P. Bellon tr. F. de Monginot New Myst. Physick Introd. 35 Pour over it of the best Spirit of Wine, rectified with Pot-ashes.
1691 W. Yworth New Art of making Wines v. 60 If you rectify a Third time in Balneo, 'twill be the better freed from its Fleam, and a true Aqua-vitæ is made.
1731 P. Shaw Three Ess. Artific. Philos. 126 These..refuse parts of Sugar are fermented with Water..; then distill'd into a Spirit, and rectified per se to vulgar proof.
1855 A. H. Hassall Food & its Adulterations 634 In Holland it [sc. gin] is made solely from unmalted rye and barley-malt, rectified with juniper berries.
1883 J. T. Taylor Hardwich's Man. Photogr. Chem. (ed. 9) 268 To rectify the solution, pour it into the glass bath..and..thoroughly stir up with it four drops of dilute Nitric acid.
1911 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 11 Feb. 3/2 Regulations..compel them to rectify the spirit in premises other than those in which it is distilled.
1940 Law & Contemp. Probl. 7 585 Rigid specifications..with respect to..all plants in which distilled spirits, wines or malt beverages are produced, stored, bottled or rectified.
1994 Atlantic Monthly Aug. 84/3 Second-rate olive oil can be chemically cleaned, or ‘rectified’, and thus manipulated to fall into the extra-virgin category.
2006 Separation & Purification Technol. 49 43 Butyl lactate was rectified, and the purified butyl lactate was sequentially hydrolyzed.
b. transitive. In extended use and figurative. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. 6557 (MED) Thei han..Distillid watres, to make hem seeme faire, Fumygaciouns to rectefie the aiere.
1603 M. Drayton Barrons Wars i. xxii. 8 The temper of that nobler moouing part, With such rare purenes rectified his blood.
1620 T. Venner Via Recta Introd. 5 The Sunne, which rectifieth the aire.
a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. ii. 45 The assimilation thereof in Animals rectifies this alimental juice into Chyle, and then into Blood.
1716 A. Pope Further Acct. E. Curll 6 An Affluence of Animal Spirits rectify'd and refin'd to a degree of Purity.
4.
a. transitive. To reform (a person, his or her nature, mind, etc.). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > reform, amend, or correct [verb (transitive)]
i-bete971
rightOE
rightlecheOE
menda1382
redress1384
rectifyc1475
c1475 Mankind (1969) 13 (MED) O souerence, I beseche yow yowr condycyons to rectyfye.
a1500 (a1475) G. Ashby Dicta Philosophorum 792 in Poems (1899) 78 Rectifie a noþer, if that ye may..And rectifie youre selfe first euery day.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John xx. 113 b Let them therfore put awaye earthly affeccions and rectifie theyr myndes, applying the same to spirituall and heauenly thynges.
1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §42 But age doth not rectifie, but incurvate our natures, turning bad dispositions into worse habits. View more context for this quotation
1668 J. Flavell Saint Indeed 9 Grace hath in great measure rectified the Soul, and given it an..heavenly temper.
1715 J. Addison Spectator No. 571. ¶9 As a Soul within the Soul, to..rectifie its Will, purifie its Passions [etc.].
1762 E. Carter Poems Several Occasions 2 Increase my Faith, and rectify my Mind.
1781 G. Crabbe Library 10 Whatever good ye boast, that good impart, Inform the head, and rectify the heart.
1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede II. ii. xvii. 4 You can neither straighten their noses, nor brighten their wit, nor rectify their dispositions.
1981 R. Dawson Confucius vi. 67 If you were to lead the people by means of rectification, who would dare not to be rectified?
b. transitive. To correct (a person who is mistaken or in error); to set (a person) right. Also intransitive. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > set right [verb (transitive)] > person in error
correct1377
rectify1586
1586 Exam. Henry Barrowe A iij b Barrowe. Yow shal not touch one haire of my head, without the wil of my heauenly father. Arch. Nay I will doe this to rectifie yow.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. C2v In all these it [sc. learning] doth rectifie more effectually, than it can peruert. View more context for this quotation
1631 B. Jonson Divell is Asse ii. i. 33 in Wks. II He do's not know me indeed. I thank you, Ingine, For rectifying him.
1688 S. Penton Guardian's Instr. 2 Pray, Sir, rectifie me if I am mistaken.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 93. ¶4 A Man has frequent Opportunities of..rectifying the Prejudiced.
1764 Ann. Reg 1763 277/1 Lord Coke..was much mistaken in law of parliament: Mr. Prynne has rectified him in several mistakes.
1820 C. S. Malortie de Martemont Treat. Sci. & Pract. Detail Trigonometrical Surv. (ed. 2) I. 21 Should it happen that the leader deviates, in stretching the chain, from the direction AB, the follower must warn and rectify him.
1860 H. Keddie Wearing the Willow ii. 24 Mrs Blake rectified him with the suavest of matrimonial telegraphs.
2002 J. S. Foer Everything is Illuminated 58 ‘His name, though’. ‘Her name’, I rectified him, because I am first rate with pronouns.
5.
a. transitive. To make straight, straighten out (anything crooked); to bring into line. In later use chiefly Medicine: to correct (a displaced limb, organ, etc.); to treat (a disorder of this kind).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > straightness > make straight [verb (transitive)]
unfoldc890
evenOE
rightc1275
rectifyc1475
straight1530
unbow1538
straighten1542
unarch1598
uncrisp1598
uncurl1598
undouble1611
untuck1611
unwind1614
bendc1616
unbend1663
unwarp1670
evolve1689
unwrap1859
unkink1891
dekink1957
c1475 tr. Henri de Mondeville Surgery (Wellcome) f. 165v (MED) Drie þe wounde and rectifie þe lippis if it be nedeful.
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 39/2 Havinge therfor now rectified this finger by this meanes.
1604 C. Edmondes Maner of Mod. Training in Observ. Cæsars Comm. II. 131 The leader of the left hand file..with the leader of the right hand file do alwaies in their marching and imbattelling rectifie or rancke the whole front of the battallion.
1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer Premonit. 2 Rectifying a crooked staffe.
1644 H. Vaughan Serm. Publique Fast 16 The wither'd hand is restored by a discreet chearfull liberality; the rash by a repressive lenity; the loose emissions and glances of the eye stayed by a grave chastity; the crooked foote rectified by prudence.
a1711 T. Ken Christophil in Wks. (1721) I. 497 O Conscience,..Check me, and rectify my devious Lines.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §252 The masons proceeded to rectify the face of the work, where it was in any degree wanting thereof.
1822 Times 26 Sept. 4/2 (advt.) New patent stays, that rectify spinal deflections.
1863 Med. Times & Gaz. 10 Oct. 377/2 There are, I know, many who stand aghast at the idea of this apparently formidable operation being put in practice for the sake of rectifying a crooked leg where all disease has ceased.
1870 Lancet 4 June 799/2 It was used at first only to rectify the anteverted fundus uteri.
1919 Lancet 26 Apr. 698/1 A strong body belt was used to rectify the severe scoliosis.
2002 C. Slaughter Before Knife (2003) xv. 238 I'd been forced into a leather and iron corset, to rectify a curvature of the spine.
b. intransitive. To become straight, to straighten out. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > straightness > become straight [verb (intransitive)]
rectify1598
unbend1815
unarch1885
undouble1889
straighten1891
unkink1972
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. f. 39/2 If the finger groweth croocked, we must then cause the finger to rectifye, and growe straight.
c. transitive. Mathematics. To find a straight line equal in length to (a given curve); to determine the length of (a curve) by mathematical means.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > geometry > curve > make into a curve [verb (transitive)] > equate with line
rectify1673
1673 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 8 6150 It was easie..to infer, That, if we can Rectifie the one, we may square the other.
1685 J. Wallis Treat. Algebra 293 The same Curve, which Mr. Neil (and so many after him,) had Rectified before.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Rectification To rectify the Circle, therefore, is to Square it.
1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 883/2 This..curve is celebrated..as being the first curve that was rectified.
1972 Jrnl. Theoret. Biol. 36 24 (caption) On the right the same curves are plotted according to the method of Lineweaver and Burk.., which rectifies a hyperbolic curve.
1991 J. Howlett tr. A. Le Méhauté Fractal Geometries 8 The gauge used to rectify the curve is such that, for an arc of any length, four steps of length equal to one-third of the arc length are needed.
6. transitive. To guide or direct in a right course of action; to provide with guidance. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > control > [verb (transitive)] > guide
wieldeOE
steera1000
wisc1000
wiseOE
turnc1175
kenc1200
conduec1330
dressc1330
govern1340
addressc1350
guidea1400
conducec1475
conduct1481
rectifya1500
besteer1603
helm1607
engineer1831
beacon1835
a1500 (a1450) tr. Secreta Secret. (Ashm. 396) (1977) 77 (MED) Such conseil rectifieth counselers, ordeyneth and augmentith the gouernaill of kynges.
1603 S. Daniel Panegyrike lxiii Thy iudgement now must only rectifie This frame of pow're thy glory stands vpon.
1618 Bp. J. Hall Righteovs Mammon 2 There is nothing more necessarie..for a Christian heart, then to be rectified in the menaging of a prosperous estate.
7. transitive. To correct or emend (a text, account, opinion, etc.) by removing errors or mistakes; to amend or improve in this way.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > specific information or opinion
rightOE
rectifya1513
recognize1656
unblunder1665
redress1710
society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary and textual criticism > textual criticism > practise textual criticism [verb (transitive)] > emend
amend?c1225
correctc1374
reformc1425
emaculate1623
mend1631–2
castigate1666
rectify1730
emend1769
doctor?c1775
redress1796
emendate1876
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. Prol. f. ii I nyll presume..To ioyne suche a werke or it to rectyfye.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) v. i. 248 Some Oracle Must rectifie our knowledge. View more context for this quotation
1628 W. Prynne Briefe Suruay Mr. Cozens 26 The Author in his last Edition, hath rectified this prayer of his, after great exceptions taken to it, and complaint against it.
1660 H. More Explan. Grand Myst. Godliness viii. iii. 370 We shall not so well understand the fit connexion of these Vertues with themselves, nor of the whole link of them with the precedent Text, without rectifying the Translation in a word or two.
1674 A. Marvell Let. 22 Oct. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 283 In order to the retracting or rectifying..the reasons formerly giuen by your House.
a1727 I. Newton Chronol. Anc. Kingdoms Amended (1728) i. 57 That Chronology is to be rectified, by shortening the times which precede the death of Cyrus.
1730 A. Bower Historia Litteraria (1731) 1 No. 6. 450 In order therefore to rectify the Text, he collated anew the several Editions.
1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II I. xi. 344 He found means, however,..in some measure to rectify their opinion of his conduct.
1830 H. W. Seton Forms Decrees in Equity 396 It was prayed that the said minutes may be rectified.
1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic i. 12 And of subsequently rectifying and enlarging our Concepts.
1880 E. De Leon in Harper's Mag. Jan. 234/2 Nor is there any representative man who does not find good cause under altered circumstances to rectify his original impressions.
1935 Isis 23 330 The copyist was a rather ignorant Persian..who misunderstood the meaning of the text in many places. To restore and rectify the text, I needed the help of an orientalist.
1991 A. Martin Walking on Water (1992) xlvii. 190 Michael dictated, and I played Las Cases to his Napoleon, recording and occasionally rectifying what he said.
8.
a. transitive. To correct by adjustment; to alter so as to make more accurate or acceptable.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > by calculation or adjustment
rectify1559
the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > by adjustment
mend?1518
rectify1669
1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 166 This [figure] semeth to haue a singuler vse in rectifying the longitudes of places.
a1623 W. Pemble Briefe Introd. Geogr. (1630) vi. 43 This may be done..by a skilfull workeman, plotting it out vpon his paper, with due heed taken, that hee often rectifie the variation of the needle (by which he travells) vpon due observation.
1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. ii. 6 This is too hard for Practitioners at first to know how to use this Instrument, to rectifie the variation of the Compass.
1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. (at cited word) Its Use is to find the Variation of the Compass, to Rectifie the Course at Sea.
1864 B. Disraeli in Times 22 Sept. 9/5 When nations go to war to what they call rectify a frontier.
1877 S. J. Owen in Marquess Wellesley Select. Despatches Introd. p. xxxii He rectified frontiers, in a military sense, with minute care, so as to make both us and our staunch dependents as defensible as possible.
1911 Times 27 Sept. 18/2 The special Commission..pronounced in favour of the scheme for making a direct cut to the eastward so as to rectify the course of the [River] Scheldt.
1997 tr. F. Poels Job Eval. & Remunerations Strategies 198 Deviations from this standard are rectified and adjusted.
b. transitive. To make an adjustment or correction to (an instrument or apparatus). Also in figurative context.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > adjust for accuracy
rectify?a1560
regulate1665
tune1814
true1838
truth1874
set1879
?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxix. sig. I.ij It is also requisite that within Theodelitus you haue a needle or fly so rectified, that being brought to his due place the crosse diameters of the Planisphere may demonstrate the foure principall quarters of the Horizon, East, Weste, North and Southe.
1581 J. Frampton tr. P. de Medina Arte Nauigation vi. vi. f. 70/1 Because the compasse is an instrument so litle & so subtil, it is necessary to bring him in order with another instrument, suche a one as the sight and the reason may rectifie.
1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ 48 Observe whether it will hold out or super-abound at the end of one or two Furrows, and accordingly proceed and rectifie the Feeder [of a sowing-drill].
a1708 W. Beveridge Private Thoughts Relig. (1709) 201 Having rectify'd the Ballance of my Judgment according to Scripture.
1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger i. iv. 45 She..employed herself next in rectifying the time-piece by her own watch.
1970 Notes & Rec. Royal Soc. 24 266 A 5-foot portable zenith sector was found to be difficult both to manipulate and to rectify.
c. transitive. To position (a globe) correctly to facilitate an astronomical calculation for a particular place. Also intransitive. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > cosmology > science of observation > astronomical instruments > representational device > [verb (transitive)] > adjust
rectify1595
1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets ii. sig. K The place being knowne for the which you would rectifie the Globe, doe thus: bring the place vnder the Meridian, and there consider the latitude thereof.
a1646 J. Gregory Posthuma (1649) 286 Lift up the North-Pole above the Horizon so manie Degrees as will answer to the Latitude of the Place unto which you mean to rectifie.
1701 R. Holland Globe Notes 19 To rectify for the Suns place, is 7. After the former rectification, to bring the Suns place in the Ecliptick, to the Meridian, turning up the Index of the hour wheel to 12 at noon.
1789 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 79 5 The globe being rectified to its latitude, set the brass carriage at liberty.
1868 J. N. Lockyer Elem. Lessons Astron. 158 When the globe has been rectified..we have the constellations which are rising on the eastern horizon, just appearing above the eastern part of the wooden horizon.
1905 R. W. Willson Lab. Astron. viii. 111 Having been rectified for a given place, the globe may be rectified for a given time.
1999 Jrnl. Warburg & Courtauld Inst. 62 125 The celestial globe in The Ambassadors has been rectified for a day on which the right ascension of the sun is 120° during midsummer.
d. transitive. Astrology. To ascertain (a precise time of birth) by calculations based on known times of major events in a person's life. Cf. rectification n. 1c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > astrology > judicial astrology > horoscope > [verb] > adjust
rectify1647
1647 W. Lilly Christian Astrol. xcviii. 501 The first way..of rectifying a Nativity..was by the Trutine or Scrutiny of Hermes.
1679 J. Moxon Math. made Easie 129 To Rectify a Nativity, is to bring the Estimate and supposed time to the true and real time of a persons Birth.
1798 J. Worsdale Genethliacal Astrol. (ed. 2) 94 The first Way then of rectifying a geniture and reducing it to that Moment of Time when first the Infant came into the World, was by the Trutine of Hermes.
1810 I. Harby Gordian Knot v. iv. 81 He would rectify Nan's nativity.
2004 M. Goldsmith Zodiac by Degrees p. ix Even when a birth certificate..claims that someone came into this world at precisely 7.34 PM, you've got to wonder about the accuracy... We can futz with transits and progressions over the Horizon..and thus ‘rectify’ the time of birth.
9. transitive. To signify approval of; to ratify. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > approve of, accept, or sanction [verb (transitive)]
loveeOE
underfoc1000
underfong?c1225
undertakea1250
provec1300
allowa1325
favour1340
approvec1380
seem?c1450
conprovec1503
avow1530
rectify1567
annuate1585
to be for1590
sancite1597
improve1603
applauda1616
acclamate1624
resenta1646
own1649
comprobate1660
sanction1797
likea1825
approbate1833
to hold with (arch. of, on, for)1895
agree1900
endorse1914
condone1962
1567 T. Drant tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie sig. Aviijv What Tom, and Tib do rectefie, What lykes the carter clowne, The wyse men take not in good parte.
1670 W. Lucy Treat. Nature of Minister v. 37 They chose Stephen, and Philip.., and set them before the Apostles; when the Apostles had prayed, they laid their hands upon them, no doubt, rectifying their Choice, and Authorizing them to the work.
1759 W. Rider New Universal Eng. Dict. To Affirm,..Used neuterly, to rectify, approve, establish, or confirm a law, in opposition to repeal.
10. transitive. To make (an action) morally right; to justify. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > rectify or make righteous [verb (transitive)]
rectify1616
1616 R. Eburne Royal Law 14 Such voluntarie consent, can neither rectifie nor iustifie the Action, when there is nothing but viciousnesse and corruption in the intention.
1682 tr. R. de Rabutin Loves Empire iii. 196 She perswades herself that the civil Company rectifies all her actions.
1700 S. Sewall Mem. in Diary (1879) II. 19 (note) The extraordinary and comprehensive Benefit accruing to the Church of God, and to Joseph personally, did not rectify his brethrens Sale of him.
11. intransitive. Horticulture. Of a tulip: to become variegated; to break (break v. 32c). Cf. rectified adj. 4. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > appearance of plant > plant defined by colour or marking > [verb (transitive)]
rectify1665
1665 J. Rea Flora i. ix. 58 Susanna [sc. a variety of tulip] is a delightful Flower, of a comely form, the colours bright Carnation, and Snow-white, from the first open, well-parted and divided, the bottom white with pale greenish Tamis. Those of this kind which rectifie and have most white, are called Astreas, others the Virgin of Amsterdam.
1875 Jrnl. Hort., Cottage Gardener, & Country Gentleman 10 June 456/1 In this self-coloured state they are called Breeders, and season after season..now one and now another will ‘rectify’ or ‘break’ as it is termed, into feathered or flamed flowers.
1943 A. E. Wilkinson Flower Encycl. & Gardener i. 346/1 The statement is sometimes made that white and yellow tulips cannot ‘break’ or ‘rectify’.
12.
a. transitive. To convert (alternating current) into direct current.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > rectifier > allow preferential flow [verb (transitive)]
rectify1866
1866 U.S. Patent 58,960 2/2 It has heretofore been considered necessary that the currents should be rectified so as to be in the same direction..in order that they might be used for the production of an electric light.
1892 S. P. Thompson Dynamo-electr. Machinery (ed. 4) xxiii. 652 A commutator, which rectified the alternations.
1895 Electrician 9 Aug. 488/1 The town supply of current at a pressure of 3,000 volts is transformed down to 65 volts and rectified.
1962 A. Lytel Industr. Electronics ii. 38 These rectifiers are two-element tubes and are used in power supplies to rectify or convert alternating current to direct current.
2003 B. Hollembeak Classroom Man. Automotive Electr. & Electronics (ed. 3) vii. 205 The diode trio rectifies AC current from the stator to DC current that is applied to the field windings.
b. intransitive. Physiology. To exhibit or undergo rectification (rectification n. 4b).
ΚΠ
1961 W. H. Freygang & R. H. Adrian in A. M. Shanes Biophysics Physiol. & Pharmacol. Actions 251 The walls separating the reticulum from the sarcoplasm rectify anomalously and allow only potassium to pass.
1978 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 79 764 The junctional membrane rectifies, favoring impulse transmission from lateral giant fiber to giant motor fiber.
1996 Biophysical Jrnl. 71 787 With Na+ outside and Ca+ inside, the current rectified inwardly without apparent reversal below 40 mV.
2006 Vision Res. 46 473/2 The synapse to fish horizontal cells rectifies strongly transmitting only potential changes within 5 mV of the rod dark potential.
13. transitive. To process (an oblique aerial photograph) so as to generate a plan view of the scene. Cf. rectification n. 1d.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map-making or surveying using photography > [verb (transitive)] > correct errors of perspective
rectify1919
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > photographic processes > [verb (transitive)] > treat aerial photograph
rectify1919
1919 Geogr. Jrnl. 53 390 This method..is..not so satisfactory as our method of rectifying the print in a camera.
1969 G. C. Dickinson Maps & Air Photographs xv. 245 All five or nine photographs are printed fused together into one image, the obliques being ‘transferred’ or rectified into vertical views before printing.
2006 M. Bradley in T. L. Evans & P. Daly Digital Archaeol. ii. 45 The position of these targets was fixed.., they could then be used to rectify the photos at a later stage.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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