rectituden.

Brit.

/ˈrɛktᵻtjuːd/,

/ˈrɛktᵻtʃuːd/, U.S.

/ˈrɛktəˌt(j)ud/

Forms: late Middle English– rectitude, 1500s rectytude; also Scottish pre-1700 rectitud.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French rectitude; Latin rectitudo.

Etymology: < Middle French rectitude, rettitude (French rectitude ) honesty, moral uprightness (1370), straightness (c1377) and its etymon post-classical Latin rectitudo straightness (Vetus Latina), equity, justice (3rd cent.), righteousness (4th cent.; frequently from 11th cent. in British sources), truth, orthodoxy (c400), uprightness of posture (6th cent.), correctness (of spelling) (6th cent.), customary right or service (frequently from 1086 in British sources), right, privilege (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin rectus straight, upright (see rect adj.) + -tūdō -tude suffix. Compare Old Occitan rectetut (14th cent.), Spanish rectitud (15th cent.), Italian rettitudine (1308).

a. The quality or fact of being straight; straightness. Also in figurative contexts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > straightness > [noun]

rightnesseOE

rectitude?a1425

straightness1530

directness1598

straighta1644

the world > space > direction > [noun] > straight or constant direction

rectitude1578

parallelism1656

the world > space > shape > straightness > [noun] > rectilinear quality

rectitude1578

rectilinearity1863

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 51 (MED) 3a. difference is take of þe propre differencez of þe selfe solucioun..as of gretnez & litelnez..rectitude, i. rigȝtnez & obliquite.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 213 (MED) Equalite of complexion was in hit..rectitude [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. riȝtfullnesse; L. rectitudo] of stature.

a1500 (a1450) tr. Secreta Secret. (Ashm. 396) (1977) 91 (MED) Evener and more temperat is þe creature þat is accordyng to meene statute..tempered with..rectitude of statute [read stature].

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man iv. f. 46^v Perfect sight is had of nothing..but the rectitude of the apple of the eye.

1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper ii. 153 That which is straight shews at once both its owne rectitude, and the crookedness of the contrary.

1686 R. Boyle Free Enq. Notion Nature vi. 203 If with your Hand you force it a little from its Rectitude, as soon as you remove your Hand, it will endeavour to regain its former straightness.

a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1691) v. 94 And perhaps [these impediments] are but the warpings of time, from the rectitude of the first Institution.

1729 G. Shelvocke, Jr. tr. K. Siemienowicz Great Art Artillery iv. 199 These Slips..will by their own natural Spring and Energy recover their Rectitude when left at liberty.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. ii. 172 (note) The incurvations of practice are then the most notorious, when compared with the rectitude of the rule.

1827 C. Lamb Sir Jeffery Dunstan in Hone's Every-day Bk. II. 843 Some little deviation from the precise line of rectitude might have been winked at in so tortuous and stigmatic a frame.

1867 W. D. Howells Ital. Journeys iii. 23 One may walk long through the longitude and rectitude of many of her streets.

1984 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 6 Jan. c17/1 The rhythm and power of the shoulders, hair and lower back, combined with the rectitude of the spine, give the figure an earthiness of startling dignity and strength.

2003 Art in Amer. (Nexis) 1 July 62 Trees and hedges are similarly trimmed to geometric rectitude.

†b. A straight line; direction in a straight line. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > straightness > [noun] > rectilinear quality > a straight line

straight line1398

right linec1400

rectitude1578

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 35^v The first part of the heele..departyng wholly from the straight lyne, or rectitude of Tibia.

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. i. iii. f. 7/1 The Chirurgiane..searchinge for him [sc. the bullet] accordinge to the rectitude of the wounde.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 179 When the spine is in rectitude with the thigh.

1670 W. Marshall Answers upon Several Heads Philos. ii. vii. 99 That they [sc. recto-concave angles of Contact] are inclined must of necessity be yielded, seeing they neither lye in rectitude, nor which to some might be a causeless scruple, the one in the production of the other.

1739 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. xiii. 52 I resolved to make another Aperture,..following the Rectitude of the Fibres.

1861 Atlantic Monthly June 664/1 There is no straight line here... The eye is cheated out of its rectitude, following this grave delight.

2. The quality of being correct or true; rightness, fittingness; correctness of (intellectual or artistic) judgement, opinion, or procedure. Also: an instance of this. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > [noun] > of judgement

rectitude?a1425

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > [noun]

rightness?a1425

sureness1589

accurateness1611

right1633

rectitude1656

unerringnessa1674

justness1832

errorlessness1875

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > [noun] > instance of

rectitude1802

rightness1872

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 162 It is dredeful & out of rectitude & euenez [?c1425 Paris riȝte] for to ministre 2 medicynez lousyng þe wombe in þe same day.

a1500 (a1450) tr. Secreta Secret. (Ashm. 396) (1977) 92 (MED) Thou shalt tempere it in rectitude of intellect and of vnderstandyng.

1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 18^v The perfection of this arte dooth not varie, & fall from his rectitude.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvii. 158 Private Iudgement..according to the rectitude, or errour thereof [etc.].

1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. v. 64 The rectitude of names is by a certain imposition, not temerarious or casuall, but seeming to follow the nature of the things themselves.

1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 291 That universal Rectitude of all the faculties of the Soul, by which they stand apt and disposed to their receptive Offices and Operations.

1759 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful (ed. 2) Introd. 34 A rectitude of judgment in the arts which may be called a good Taste.

1787 J. Bentham Def. Usury iv. 36 Every means for informing himself of the circumstances, upon which rectitude of judgment, in the case in question, depends.

1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. ix. 141 They perceive a result, but they think little of the multitude of concurrences and rectitudes which go to form it.

a1871 G. Grote Fragm. Ethical Subj. (1876) i. 22 Without the possibility of any standard for distinguishing fallacy from rectitude.

1922 Science Sept. 299/1 Legislators must hear the majority of the people—not judge the truth of scientific theory nor establish the rectitude of religious belief.

1989 D. Leavitt Equal Affections 98 As usual, she found herself retracing the torrid plot of the argument, trying to guage [sic] her rectitudes as well as her missteps.

3. Conformity to accepted standards of morality in behaviour or thinking; uprightness, virtue; moral integrity. Formerly also as a count noun: †a moral quality, a virtue (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > [noun]

righteousnesseOE

rightnessOE

justice1340

rightfulnessa1350

right wiseness1447

justnessc1450

droiture1483

rectitude1509

uprightness1541

erectness1646

principle1653

right-mindedness1767

perpendicular1823

1509 H. Watson in tr. S. Brant Shyppe of Fooles (de Worde) Argt. sig. A*.i This present pagyne specifyeth before theyr syght the estate and condycyon of men, to the ende that as a myrroure they beholde the meurs and rectytude of lyfe.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1539) Hhij ^v By the rectitude of his iustice.

1557 R. Edgeworth Serm. very Fruitfull vi. f. lxv He woulde be redy to swarue from the rectitude and stregthnes of iustice, and to be a flatterer.

a1627 R. Shelford Five Pious Disc. (1635) 178 As all the childrens goods descend from the father, so the rectitudes and excellencies of all creatures are from God derived.

1633 W. Prynne Histrio-mastix i. vii. iii. 593/2 The obscene jests of Stage-players and other vanities, which are wont to soften a Christian soule from the rigour of its rectitude and uprightnesse.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxvii. 157 These Moral Rules, or Laws, to which Men generally refer, and by which they judge of the Rectitude or Pravity of their Actions.

1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks II. iv. 55 There is no..Rectitude, Piety, or Sanctity in a Creature thus reform'd.

1771 E. Burke Let. 31 July in Corr. (1960) II. 226 A man of singular piety, Rectitude, and virtue.

1791 W. Anderson Philos. Anc. Greece vi. 388 The several moral rectitudes mentioned in this table, as fortitude, lenity, [etc.].

1810 T. Jefferson Let. 20 Sept. in Writings (1984) 1233 The good officer is bound to..throw himself on the justice of his country and the rectitude of his motives.

1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul I. iv. xv. 269 In the decision of momentous questions, rectitude of heart is a far surer guarantee of wisdom than power of intellect.

1904 J. Conrad Nostromo iii. xiii. 475 The man who had lived his own life on the assumption of unbroken fidelity, rectitude, and courage.

1948 T. Keggen Mister Roberts ii. 45 His old rectitude collapsed like a pricked balloon.

1971 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 58 138 In comparison with the average British or European general, he was a pillar of rectitude.

2003 New Yorker 10 Mar. 34/2 Just as obnoxious as the fraud of liberty was the fraud of Christian piety, a finger-jabbing rectitude incapable of asserting a policy without invoking the Deity as a co-sponsor.

†4. A right. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > dueness or propriety > [noun] > right or moral entitlement > a right

rightOE

charter1571

enlargementa1616

rectitude1660

dominiona1797

1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 190 in Justice Vindicated If any man by force holds the Rectitudes of God [etc.].

Derivatives

ˌrectitudiˈnarian n. rare a strictly moral person.In quot. 1671 spec.: a person who practises or advocates strict conduct in matters of religion (cf. latitudinarian n.).

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > [noun] > righteous person

righteouseOE

rightfula1400

good livera1450

well-doer1491

rectitudinarian1671

1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 308 I heartily pray the Lord, to make all of you, indeed, rectitudinarians.

1802 Crisis Sugar Colonies iv. 170 The condemnation of this traffic [sc. the slave trade] therefore as a voluntary branch of commerce, was not merely the act of a majority, composed of rigid rectitudinarians.

1935 in F. E. Rusch & D. Pizer Theodore Dreiser: Interviews (2004) 282 The rectitudinarians of Kentucky amused him.

rectiˈtudinous adj. characterized by moral rectitude; also as n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > affected behaviour or affectation > [adjective] > consciously respectable > characterized by conscious respectability

smug1851

rectitudinous1897

1897 Westm. Gaz. 26 Jan. 2/1 Notoriously and unctuously rectitudinous.

1906 F. S. Oliver Alexander Hamilton v. ii. 381 The rectitudinous inquisition that is enjoyed under the freedom of the press.

1933 in Social Forces 24 (1946) 391/2 (note) She was the most rectitudinous and impressive person I had contact with.

1963 ‘G. Rogers’ Scandal in Eden 199 The vindictiveness of the rectitudinous had to be given a target.

1995 P. Roth Sabbath's Theater 19 But for that you will have to find a more rectitudinous old man.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rectitude
释义	rectituden. Brit. /ˈrɛktᵻtjuːd/, /ˈrɛktᵻtʃuːd/, U.S. /ˈrɛktəˌt(j)ud/ Forms: late Middle English– rectitude, 1500s rectytude; also Scottish pre-1700 rectitud. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French rectitude; Latin rectitudo. Etymology: < Middle French rectitude, rettitude (French rectitude ) honesty, moral uprightness (1370), straightness (c1377) and its etymon post-classical Latin rectitudo straightness (Vetus Latina), equity, justice (3rd cent.), righteousness (4th cent.; frequently from 11th cent. in British sources), truth, orthodoxy (c400), uprightness of posture (6th cent.), correctness (of spelling) (6th cent.), customary right or service (frequently from 1086 in British sources), right, privilege (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin rectus straight, upright (see rect adj.) + -tūdō -tude suffix. Compare Old Occitan rectetut (14th cent.), Spanish rectitud (15th cent.), Italian rettitudine (1308). 1. a. The quality or fact of being straight; straightness. Also in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > straightness > [noun] rightnesseOE rectitude?a1425 straightness1530 directness1598 straighta1644 the world > space > direction > [noun] > straight or constant direction rectitude1578 parallelism1656 the world > space > shape > straightness > [noun] > rectilinear quality rectitude1578 rectilinearity1863 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 51 (MED) 3a. difference is take of þe propre differencez of þe selfe solucioun..as of gretnez & litelnez..rectitude, i. rigȝtnez & obliquite. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 213 (MED) Equalite of complexion was in hit..rectitude [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. riȝtfullnesse; L. rectitudo] of stature. a1500 (a1450) tr. Secreta Secret. (Ashm. 396) (1977) 91 (MED) Evener and more temperat is þe creature þat is accordyng to meene statute..tempered with..rectitude of statute [read stature]. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man iv. f. 46^v Perfect sight is had of nothing..but the rectitude of the apple of the eye. 1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper ii. 153 That which is straight shews at once both its owne rectitude, and the crookedness of the contrary. 1686 R. Boyle Free Enq. Notion Nature vi. 203 If with your Hand you force it a little from its Rectitude, as soon as you remove your Hand, it will endeavour to regain its former straightness. a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1691) v. 94 And perhaps [these impediments] are but the warpings of time, from the rectitude of the first Institution. 1729 G. Shelvocke, Jr. tr. K. Siemienowicz Great Art Artillery iv. 199 These Slips..will by their own natural Spring and Energy recover their Rectitude when left at liberty. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. ii. 172 (note) The incurvations of practice are then the most notorious, when compared with the rectitude of the rule. 1827 C. Lamb Sir Jeffery Dunstan in Hone's Every-day Bk. II. 843 Some little deviation from the precise line of rectitude might have been winked at in so tortuous and stigmatic a frame. 1867 W. D. Howells Ital. Journeys iii. 23 One may walk long through the longitude and rectitude of many of her streets. 1984 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 6 Jan. c17/1 The rhythm and power of the shoulders, hair and lower back, combined with the rectitude of the spine, give the figure an earthiness of startling dignity and strength. 2003 Art in Amer. (Nexis) 1 July 62 Trees and hedges are similarly trimmed to geometric rectitude. †b. A straight line; direction in a straight line. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > straightness > [noun] > rectilinear quality > a straight line straight line1398 right linec1400 rectitude1578 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 35^v The first part of the heele..departyng wholly from the straight lyne, or rectitude of Tibia. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. i. iii. f. 7/1 The Chirurgiane..searchinge for him [sc. the bullet] accordinge to the rectitude of the wounde. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 179 When the spine is in rectitude with the thigh. View more context for this quotation 1670 W. Marshall Answers upon Several Heads Philos. ii. vii. 99 That they [sc. recto-concave angles of Contact] are inclined must of necessity be yielded, seeing they neither lye in rectitude, nor which to some might be a causeless scruple, the one in the production of the other. 1739 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. xiii. 52 I resolved to make another Aperture,..following the Rectitude of the Fibres. 1861 Atlantic Monthly June 664/1 There is no straight line here... The eye is cheated out of its rectitude, following this grave delight. 2. The quality of being correct or true; rightness, fittingness; correctness of (intellectual or artistic) judgement, opinion, or procedure. Also: an instance of this. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > [noun] > of judgement rectitude?a1425 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > [noun] rightness?a1425 sureness1589 accurateness1611 right1633 rectitude1656 unerringnessa1674 justness1832 errorlessness1875 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > [noun] > instance of rectitude1802 rightness1872 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 162 It is dredeful & out of rectitude & euenez [?c1425 Paris riȝte] for to ministre 2 medicynez lousyng þe wombe in þe same day. a1500 (a1450) tr. Secreta Secret. (Ashm. 396) (1977) 92 (MED) Thou shalt tempere it in rectitude of intellect and of vnderstandyng. 1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 18^v The perfection of this arte dooth not varie, & fall from his rectitude. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvii. 158 Private Iudgement..according to the rectitude, or errour thereof [etc.]. 1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. v. 64 The rectitude of names is by a certain imposition, not temerarious or casuall, but seeming to follow the nature of the things themselves. 1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 291 That universal Rectitude of all the faculties of the Soul, by which they stand apt and disposed to their receptive Offices and Operations. 1759 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful (ed. 2) Introd. 34 A rectitude of judgment in the arts which may be called a good Taste. 1787 J. Bentham Def. Usury iv. 36 Every means for informing himself of the circumstances, upon which rectitude of judgment, in the case in question, depends. 1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. ix. 141 They perceive a result, but they think little of the multitude of concurrences and rectitudes which go to form it. a1871 G. Grote Fragm. Ethical Subj. (1876) i. 22 Without the possibility of any standard for distinguishing fallacy from rectitude. 1922 Science Sept. 299/1 Legislators must hear the majority of the people—not judge the truth of scientific theory nor establish the rectitude of religious belief. 1989 D. Leavitt Equal Affections 98 As usual, she found herself retracing the torrid plot of the argument, trying to guage [sic] her rectitudes as well as her missteps. 3. Conformity to accepted standards of morality in behaviour or thinking; uprightness, virtue; moral integrity. Formerly also as a count noun: †a moral quality, a virtue (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > [noun] righteousnesseOE rightnessOE justice1340 rightfulnessa1350 right wiseness1447 justnessc1450 droiture1483 rectitude1509 uprightness1541 erectness1646 principle1653 right-mindedness1767 perpendicular1823 1509 H. Watson in tr. S. Brant Shyppe of Fooles (de Worde) Argt. sig. A.i This present pagyne specifyeth before theyr syght the estate and condycyon of men, to the ende that as a myrroure they beholde the meurs and rectytude of lyfe. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius* (1539) Hhij ^v By the rectitude of his iustice. 1557 R. Edgeworth Serm. very Fruitfull vi. f. lxv He woulde be redy to swarue from the rectitude and stregthnes of iustice, and to be a flatterer. a1627 R. Shelford Five Pious Disc. (1635) 178 As all the childrens goods descend from the father, so the rectitudes and excellencies of all creatures are from God derived. 1633 W. Prynne Histrio-mastix i. vii. iii. 593/2 The obscene jests of Stage-players and other vanities, which are wont to soften a Christian soule from the rigour of its rectitude and uprightnesse. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxvii. 157 These Moral Rules, or Laws, to which Men generally refer, and by which they judge of the Rectitude or Pravity of their Actions. 1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks II. iv. 55 There is no..Rectitude, Piety, or Sanctity in a Creature thus reform'd. 1771 E. Burke Let. 31 July in Corr. (1960) II. 226 A man of singular piety, Rectitude, and virtue. 1791 W. Anderson Philos. Anc. Greece vi. 388 The several moral rectitudes mentioned in this table, as fortitude, lenity, [etc.]. 1810 T. Jefferson Let. 20 Sept. in Writings (1984) 1233 The good officer is bound to..throw himself on the justice of his country and the rectitude of his motives. 1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul I. iv. xv. 269 In the decision of momentous questions, rectitude of heart is a far surer guarantee of wisdom than power of intellect. 1904 J. Conrad Nostromo iii. xiii. 475 The man who had lived his own life on the assumption of unbroken fidelity, rectitude, and courage. 1948 T. Keggen Mister Roberts ii. 45 His old rectitude collapsed like a pricked balloon. 1971 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 58 138 In comparison with the average British or European general, he was a pillar of rectitude. 2003 New Yorker 10 Mar. 34/2 Just as obnoxious as the fraud of liberty was the fraud of Christian piety, a finger-jabbing rectitude incapable of asserting a policy without invoking the Deity as a co-sponsor. †4. A right. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [noun] > right or moral entitlement > a right rightOE charter1571 enlargementa1616 rectitude1660 dominiona1797 1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 190 in Justice Vindicated If any man by force holds the Rectitudes of God [etc.]. Derivatives ˌrectitudiˈnarian n. rare a strictly moral person.In quot. 1671 spec.: a person who practises or advocates strict conduct in matters of religion (cf. latitudinarian n.). ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > [noun] > righteous person righteouseOE rightfula1400 good livera1450 well-doer1491 rectitudinarian1671 1671 R. McWard True Non-conformist 308 I heartily pray the Lord, to make all of you, indeed, rectitudinarians. 1802 Crisis Sugar Colonies iv. 170 The condemnation of this traffic [sc. the slave trade] therefore as a voluntary branch of commerce, was not merely the act of a majority, composed of rigid rectitudinarians. 1935 in F. E. Rusch & D. Pizer Theodore Dreiser: Interviews (2004) 282 The rectitudinarians of Kentucky amused him. rectiˈtudinous adj. characterized by moral rectitude; also as n. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > affected behaviour or affectation > [adjective] > consciously respectable > characterized by conscious respectability smug1851 rectitudinous1897 1897 Westm. Gaz. 26 Jan. 2/1 Notoriously and unctuously rectitudinous. 1906 F. S. Oliver Alexander Hamilton v. ii. 381 The rectitudinous inquisition that is enjoyed under the freedom of the press. 1933 in Social Forces 24 (1946) 391/2 (note) She was the most rectitudinous and impressive person I had contact with. 1963 ‘G. Rogers’ Scandal in Eden 199 The vindictiveness of the rectitudinous had to be given a target. 1995 P. Roth Sabbath's Theater 19 But for that you will have to find a more rectitudinous old man. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
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