beryln.adj.

/ˈbɛrɪl/

Forms: Middle English, 1500s– beryl; Middle English, 1600s–1800s beril; also Middle English–1500s beryll, Middle English berylle, Middle English berille, berile, beryle, beral, berel, berell, birell, Middle English–1500s berall, birrall, byral, byrrall, Middle English–1600s berill, byrall(e, 1500s berral, birall, buriall, 1700s berryl; ScottishMiddle English–1500s berial, beriall, beryall, 1500s bureall.

Etymology: < Old French beryl, beril < Latin bēryllus , < Greek βήρυλλος , probably a foreign word; identified by Weber with Sanskrit vai dūrya . Compare also Arabic and Persian ballūr crystal. In medieval Latin berillus was applied also to crystal, and to an eyeglass or spectacles, whence Middle High German berille , modern German brille spectacles: compare branch A. II.

A. n.

I. literal.

a. A transparent precious stone of a pale-green colour passing into light-blue, yellow, and white; distinguished only by colour from the more precious emerald. When of pale bluish green it is called an aquamarine; its yellow or yellowish varieties are the chrysoberyl, and, perhaps, the chrysoprase, and chrysolite of the ancients. (The name is used in early literature without scientific precision: it is also doubtful if the ‘beryl’ of the Old Testament is correctly identified.)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [noun]

berylc1305

beryl-stonec1380

c1305 Land of Cokayne 92 Beril, onix, topasiune.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rev. xxi. 20 The eiȝthe . berillus.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xx. 837 Berille is a stoon of Ynde yliche in grene colour to smaragde.

1459 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 229 Duos lapides de byrral.

1488 in P. F. Tytler Inventory Jewels James III (1864) II. 391 A ruby, a diamant, twa uther ringis, a berial.

1488 in P. F. Tytler Inventory Jewels James III (1864) II. 391 A berial hingand at it.

1529 T. More Dyaloge Dyuers Maters i. xv. f. xx/1 Sum whyte safyre or byrall.

1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 6023 in Wks. (1931) I The Heuinnis, brycht lyke buriall.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 613 Many are of opinion, that Berils are of the same nature that the Emeraud.

1805 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals 38 The..hexahedral prism occurs in..beryll.

1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy I. 41 No one has supposed that berils are produced by fire.

1861 C. W. King Antique Gems (1866) 38 The Beryl is of little value at our present day.

b. In this sense beryl-stone was often used.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [noun]

berylc1305

beryl-stonec1380

c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 102 Take a berille-ston and holde it in a cleer sonne.

c1475 Gloss. in Wright Voc. 256 Hic berellus, a berelle ston.

1611 Bible (King James) Ezek. x. 9 The appearance of the wheeles was as the colour of a Berill stone.

1881 D. G. Rossetti Rose Mary i. ii You've read the stars in the Beryl-stone.

†c. figurative. Applied in admiration to a woman; cf. gem n.¹ 2a, jewel n. 5a, pearl n.¹ 2b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > [noun] > beautiful thing or person > beautiful person > beautiful woman

clearc1330

comelya1375

wlonk?a1400

brightc1400

gayc1400

sheenc1400

violet1412

berylc1440

blossomc1440

bonnya1529

pertc1540

bonylasse1546

Venus?1572

spark1575

bellibone1579

bonnibel1579

nymph1584

cheruba1616

lily1622

bellea1640

fine1639

toast1700

houri1745

belle dame1768

peri1813

beauty queen1835

stallion1970

c1440 York Myst. xxv. 505 Hayll! rose ruddy! hayll birrall clere.

c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 958 Now godamercy, berel brytest of bewte!

c1535 D. Lindsay Satyre 132 Fair ladye Sensualitie, The beriall of all bewtie, And portratour preclair.

2. Mineralogy. A mineral species including not only the beryl of the lapidary in all its sub-varieties, but also the emerald, a variety of the beryl, distinguished by the presence of oxide of chromium, to which it owes the deep rich colour, named from it emerald-green. Beryl is a silicate of aluminium and glucinum, and occurs only crystalline, usually in hexagonal prisms.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > cyclosilicates > [noun] > beryl

davidsonite1836

beryl1837

goshenite1844

morganite1911

1837 J. D. Dana Min. (1868) 246 Beryls of gigantic dimensions have been found in the United States..one beryl from Grafton weighs 2,900 lbs.

1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 582 Beryls are found in various parts of the world: the finest emeralds come from Peru.

II. transferred.

†3.

a. A fine description of crystal or glass, used for vases, caskets, etc., and for glazing windows.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > glass and glass-like materials > [noun] > glass > crystal-glass

berylc1384

crystal glass1567

crystal1577

c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame 1288 And oft I mused longe while Upon these walles of berile.

c1430 J. Lydgate in Dom. Archit. III. 121 The worke of wyndowe & eke fenestrall Wrouȝte of beryle.

1528 MS. List Jewelry Another coffer of byrall, stonding upon lyons.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 197/2 Berall, fyne glasse, beril.

1538 H. Latimer Let. 24 Dec. in Serm. & Remains (1845) (modernized text) II. 412 In plate, my new year's gifts doth my need with glass and byrral.

1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xii. 237 The houses were often glased with Berill.

a1625 J. Boys Wks. (1630) 429 The cunning Lapidarie, who sels a Byrall for a Diamond.

b. Used as the type of clearness, as ‘crystal’ now is. (Some may have meant the gem.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [noun] > object or medium > typical example of

beryla1350

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 A burde in a bour ase beryl so bryht.

c1450 Compl. Lover's L. 37 Water clere as birell or cristall.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 29 Ane fresche reueir as cleir as berial.

†4. A mirror: more fully called a beryl-glass.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > mirror > [noun]

sunshineeOE

showerOE

glass13..

mirrorc1330

spectaclec1430

mirror glass1440

beryl-glass1540

reflecting glass?a1560

reflective1720

show-glass1810

shiner1819

1540 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 151 A byrrall glasse w^t a cover.

1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas sig. C.j The days are past..That Berral glasse..Might serue to shew, a seemely fauord face.

5. The colour of beryl (pale sea-green).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [noun] > shade or tint of green > bluish green

verditer1552

sea-green1598

blue-green1659

verdigris colour1668

verdigris green1794

beryl1834

pigeon's throat1868

duck's egg1876

peacock green1876

1834 R. Mudie Feathered Tribes Brit. Isles (1841) I. 3 It..blends its beryl with the subdued sapphire of the horizon sky.

B. adj.

1. attributive. Of beryl; composed of or furnished with a beryl; also formerly, of crystal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [adjective] > light green

beryl1594

spring green1735

water-green1757

berylline1847

chlorinea1849

peppermint1868

reseda1873

absinthe1963

lily-green1965

pepperminty1981

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [adjective]

beryl1594

beryl-covered1871

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > glass and glass-like materials > [adjective] > crystal glass

crystalline?a1439

crystal1580

beryl1594

1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. i. viii. f. 139^v Cleare and transparant like fine birall glasse.

1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall ii. 23 The Gemme or Berill Ring upon the finger of Cynthia.

1810 Edinb. Rev. 17 120 The apatit accompanies berilemerald.

2. †(a) Clear as crystal, crystal-like. Obsolete. (b) Beryl-like in colour, clear pale green.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [adjective]

shireOE

brightOE

through-shineOE

cleanc1040

cleara1400

transparent1413

crystalc1425

crystallinec1425

crystal-clear?a1439

pure1481

perspicuatea1500

beryl1508

through-shining1526

diaphane1561

thorough-seeable1562

pellucid1563

sheer1565

translucent1568

liquid1590

tralucent?1592

perspicuous1599

thorough light1601

diaphanic1614

diaphanous1614

perspicable1615

translucid1615

diaphanal1616

lucid1620

diaphaned1626

transpicuous1638

perlucid1647

dioptrical1760

dioptric1801

unconcealing1804

see-through1851

pellucent1886

pool-clear1924

1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 184 The rosis yong..War powderit brycht with hevinly beriall droppis.

1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (xii.) f. 239 The swete clere and byrall dewe dropes of the morninge.

?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) Prol. l. 53 in Shorter Poems (1967) 10 The beriall stremes rynnyng men micht heir.

1867 R. W. Emerson May-day & Other Pieces 168 He smote the lake to feed his eye With the beryl beam of the broken wave.

Compounds

General attributive.

beryl-blue adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective] > other blues

mourning1709

Prussian blue1753

water blue1851

beryl-blue1881

Wedgwood1900

scale-blue1906

Nattier blue1912

whale-blue1946

1881 W. D. Hay 300 Years Hence vii. 141 The great basin of beryl-blue water.

beryl-covered adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [adjective]

beryl1594

beryl-covered1871

1871 G. M. Hopkins Poems (1967) 12 Long reefs of violets In beryl-covered fens so dim.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	beryl
释义	beryln.adj. /ˈbɛrɪl/ Forms: Middle English, 1500s– beryl; Middle English, 1600s–1800s beril; also Middle English–1500s beryll, Middle English berylle, Middle English berille, berile, beryle, beral, berel, berell, birell, Middle English–1500s berall, birrall, byral, byrrall, Middle English–1600s berill, byrall(e, 1500s berral, birall, buriall, 1700s berryl; ScottishMiddle English–1500s berial, beriall, beryall, 1500s bureall. Etymology: < Old French beryl, beril < Latin bēryllus , < Greek βήρυλλος , probably a foreign word; identified by Weber with Sanskrit vai dūrya . Compare also Arabic and Persian ballūr crystal. In medieval Latin berillus was applied also to crystal, and to an eyeglass or spectacles, whence Middle High German berille , modern German brille spectacles: compare branch A. II. A. n. I. literal. 1. a. A transparent precious stone of a pale-green colour passing into light-blue, yellow, and white; distinguished only by colour from the more precious emerald. When of pale bluish green it is called an aquamarine; its yellow or yellowish varieties are the chrysoberyl, and, perhaps, the chrysoprase, and chrysolite of the ancients. (The name is used in early literature without scientific precision: it is also doubtful if the ‘beryl’ of the Old Testament is correctly identified.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [noun] berylc1305 beryl-stonec1380 c1305 Land of Cokayne 92 Beril, onix, topasiune. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Rev. xxi. 20 The eiȝthe . berillus. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xx. 837 Berille is a stoon of Ynde yliche in grene colour to smaragde. 1459 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 229 Duos lapides de byrral. 1488 in P. F. Tytler Inventory Jewels James III (1864) II. 391 A ruby, a diamant, twa uther ringis, a berial. 1488 in P. F. Tytler Inventory Jewels James III (1864) II. 391 A berial hingand at it. 1529 T. More Dyaloge Dyuers Maters i. xv. f. xx/1 Sum whyte safyre or byrall. 1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 6023 in Wks. (1931) I The Heuinnis, brycht lyke buriall. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 613 Many are of opinion, that Berils are of the same nature that the Emeraud. 1805 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals 38 The..hexahedral prism occurs in..beryll. 1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy I. 41 No one has supposed that berils are produced by fire. 1861 C. W. King Antique Gems (1866) 38 The Beryl is of little value at our present day. b. In this sense beryl-stone was often used. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [noun] berylc1305 beryl-stonec1380 c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 102 Take a berille-ston and holde it in a cleer sonne. c1475 Gloss. in Wright Voc. 256 Hic berellus, a berelle ston. 1611 Bible (King James) Ezek. x. 9 The appearance of the wheeles was as the colour of a Berill stone. View more context for this quotation 1881 D. G. Rossetti Rose Mary i. ii You've read the stars in the Beryl-stone. †c. figurative. Applied in admiration to a woman; cf. gem n.¹ 2a, jewel n. 5a, pearl n.¹ 2b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > [noun] > beautiful thing or person > beautiful person > beautiful woman clearc1330 comelya1375 wlonk?a1400 brightc1400 gayc1400 sheenc1400 violet1412 berylc1440 blossomc1440 bonnya1529 pertc1540 bonylasse1546 Venus?1572 spark1575 bellibone1579 bonnibel1579 nymph1584 cheruba1616 lily1622 bellea1640 fine1639 toast1700 houri1745 belle dame1768 peri1813 beauty queen1835 stallion1970 c1440 York Myst. xxv. 505 Hayll! rose ruddy! hayll birrall clere. c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 958 Now godamercy, berel brytest of bewte! c1535 D. Lindsay Satyre 132 Fair ladye Sensualitie, The beriall of all bewtie, And portratour preclair. 2. Mineralogy. A mineral species including not only the beryl of the lapidary in all its sub-varieties, but also the emerald, a variety of the beryl, distinguished by the presence of oxide of chromium, to which it owes the deep rich colour, named from it emerald-green. Beryl is a silicate of aluminium and glucinum, and occurs only crystalline, usually in hexagonal prisms. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > cyclosilicates > [noun] > beryl davidsonite1836 beryl1837 goshenite1844 morganite1911 1837 J. D. Dana Min. (1868) 246 Beryls of gigantic dimensions have been found in the United States..one beryl from Grafton weighs 2,900 lbs. 1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 582 Beryls are found in various parts of the world: the finest emeralds come from Peru. II. transferred. †3. a. A fine description of crystal or glass, used for vases, caskets, etc., and for glazing windows. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > glass and glass-like materials > [noun] > glass > crystal-glass berylc1384 crystal glass1567 crystal1577 c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame 1288 And oft I mused longe while Upon these walles of berile. c1430 J. Lydgate in Dom. Archit. III. 121 The worke of wyndowe & eke fenestrall Wrouȝte of beryle. 1528 MS. List Jewelry Another coffer of byrall, stonding upon lyons. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 197/2 Berall, fyne glasse, beril. 1538 H. Latimer Let. 24 Dec. in Serm. & Remains (1845) (modernized text) II. 412 In plate, my new year's gifts doth my need with glass and byrral. 1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xii. 237 The houses were often glased with Berill. a1625 J. Boys Wks. (1630) 429 The cunning Lapidarie, who sels a Byrall for a Diamond. b. Used as the type of clearness, as ‘crystal’ now is. (Some may have meant the gem.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [noun] > object or medium > typical example of beryla1350 a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 A burde in a bour ase beryl so bryht. c1450 Compl. Lover's L. 37 Water clere as birell or cristall. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 29 Ane fresche reueir as cleir as berial. †4. A mirror: more fully called a beryl-glass. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > mirror > [noun] sunshineeOE showerOE glass13.. mirrorc1330 spectaclec1430 mirror glass1440 beryl-glass1540 reflecting glass?a1560 reflective1720 show-glass1810 shiner1819 1540 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 151 A byrrall glasse w^t a cover. 1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas sig. C.j The days are past..That Berral glasse..Might serue to shew, a seemely fauord face. 5. The colour of beryl (pale sea-green). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [noun] > shade or tint of green > bluish green verditer1552 sea-green1598 blue-green1659 verdigris colour1668 verdigris green1794 beryl1834 pigeon's throat1868 duck's egg1876 peacock green1876 1834 R. Mudie Feathered Tribes Brit. Isles (1841) I. 3 It..blends its beryl with the subdued sapphire of the horizon sky. B. adj. 1. attributive. Of beryl; composed of or furnished with a beryl; also formerly, of crystal. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [adjective] > light green beryl1594 spring green1735 water-green1757 berylline1847 chlorinea1849 peppermint1868 reseda1873 absinthe1963 lily-green1965 pepperminty1981 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [adjective] beryl1594 beryl-covered1871 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > glass and glass-like materials > [adjective] > crystal glass crystalline?a1439 crystal1580 beryl1594 1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. i. viii. f. 139^v Cleare and transparant like fine birall glasse. 1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall ii. 23 The Gemme or Berill Ring upon the finger of Cynthia. 1810 Edinb. Rev. 17 120 The apatit accompanies berilemerald. 2. †(a) Clear as crystal, crystal-like. Obsolete. (b) Beryl-like in colour, clear pale green. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > transparency or translucence > [adjective] shireOE brightOE through-shineOE cleanc1040 cleara1400 transparent1413 crystalc1425 crystallinec1425 crystal-clear?a1439 pure1481 perspicuatea1500 beryl1508 through-shining1526 diaphane1561 thorough-seeable1562 pellucid1563 sheer1565 translucent1568 liquid1590 tralucent?1592 perspicuous1599 thorough light1601 diaphanic1614 diaphanous1614 perspicable1615 translucid1615 diaphanal1616 lucid1620 diaphaned1626 transpicuous1638 perlucid1647 dioptrical1760 dioptric1801 unconcealing1804 see-through1851 pellucent1886 pool-clear1924 1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 184 The rosis yong..War powderit brycht with hevinly beriall droppis. 1545 G. Joye Expos. Daniel (xii.) f. 239 The swete clere and byrall dewe dropes of the morninge. ?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) Prol. l. 53 in Shorter Poems (1967) 10 The beriall stremes rynnyng men micht heir. 1867 R. W. Emerson May-day & Other Pieces 168 He smote the lake to feed his eye With the beryl beam of the broken wave. Compounds General attributive. beryl-blue adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective] > other blues mourning1709 Prussian blue1753 water blue1851 beryl-blue1881 Wedgwood1900 scale-blue1906 Nattier blue1912 whale-blue1946 1881 W. D. Hay 300 Years Hence vii. 141 The great basin of beryl-blue water. beryl-covered adj. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > beryl > [adjective] beryl1594 beryl-covered1871 1871 G. M. Hopkins Poems (1967) 12 Long reefs of violets In beryl-covered fens so dim. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.adj.c1305
随便看	to be no mastery to be no more use than a headache to be no more use than a sick headache to be no newings to be no oil painting to be no respecter of persons to be no small drink to be no spring chicken to be no starter to be no stranger to be no substitute for to be no way but one to be no worse than one's word to be nobody's business to be nobody's enemy but one's own to be none of a person's business to be not as green as one is cabbage-looking to be not as green as one is cabbagelooking to be not doing for one's health to be not doing something for one's health to be not nought to charge to be not to charge to be not to know to be nothing to to be nought