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reestn. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with (with varying suffixation) Middle Dutch riester , reester mouldboard (Dutch rister ), Old Saxon rioster plough handle, share-beam (Middle Low German riester ), Old High German riosta plough handle, share-beam, riostar ploughshare, share-beam, plough handle, riostra plough handle, share-beam (Middle High German riester , German Riester ), probably < the same Germanic base as Old High German riuten to root out (Middle High German riuten , German reuten ; from a different ablaut grade compare also Middle Dutch rōden , Middle Low German rōden : see rode v.1), probably ultimately < the same Indo-European base as ripe v.2 and reif n.Compare Scots regional (Renfrewshire) reester mouldboard (20th cent.; probably a modern derivative formation < reest n. + -er suffix1). Compare also ( < Middle English) post-classical Latin resta (1287, 1316, 1362 in British sources), restis (1294, 1402 in British sources), riesta (1364 in a British source). Old Swedish rister , Swedish rist coulter is probably not related, probably showing instead a derivative formation < rista to cut, carve, scratch (see rist v.). Compare similarly Old Icelandic ristill ploughshare, Norwegian ristel coulter ( < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic rista to cut (see rist v.) + the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic -ill -el suffix1), and also ( < early Scandinavian) Scottish Gaelic risteal a kind of plough with a sharp share for pre-cutting the soil, but without a coulter. The Middle English forms rast, raste are difficult to explain. Now rare ( Scottish, Irish English, and English regional in later use). the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > share-beam the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > mouldboard eOE (1890) 41/1 Dentalia, sules reost. OE (1966) 124 Dentale, prima in qua uomer inducitur quasi dens scilicet est aratri pars, sule reost uel þroc. 1301 in m. 43 Expense..in..vna noua caruca, vna pari rotarum, v ristes. c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in (1906) 25* Hay et oysiloun, Bem and reste. a1400 (Paris) (1929) l. 913 (MED) Reest [a1325 Cambr. ploureste; glossing Fr. oroilloun]. a1500 (a1400) (Chetham) (1889) 6578 (MED) A sotye sheld on his shulder he bare, His spere, as a raste it were, There on a soket feste. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert f. ii The rest is a lyttell pease of wode pynned fast vpon the nether ende and to the sharbeam in ye forther ende. 1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. (rev. ed.) v. vi. 532 The spindles, the rest,..the plow-foot, the culture, and the share. 1688 R. Holme iii. 333/2 The Reest, is the Boards on the side of the Plow that turns over the Furrow. 1708 in C. B. Gunn (1905) 162 One grot for 2 reists. 1796 J. Sinclair XVII. 228 The plough..has only one slender stilt, to which as slender a beam is fixed, and has neither reest nor mould-board. 1886 R. Holland Reest, the mould-board of a plough. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Chef, the part of a plough on which the share is placed, and to which the reece is fixed. 1951 E. E. Evans 117 To the straight wooden mould-board a tapered block of wood, the ‘reest’, 3 ft. long is attached with dowels. 1975 J. Y. Mather & H. H. Speitel I. 232 Mould board (of a plough), [central and southern counties] reest. 1996 C. I. Macafee 274/1 Reest, reesht, rist... a block attached to a plough to act as a second mouldboard, pushing up loose earth when making drills. Compounds 1894 R. O. Heslop Reest-, reost-cloot,..a thin piece of iron fastened under the lower edge of the mowdy-boord (mould-board) of a plough. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). reestv.1Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rest adj. Etymology: Probably < rest adj. (compare forms at that entry and also reasty adj.). Compare reesed adj. and later reese v.2 Now rare ( regional in later use). the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > unsavouriness > become rancid [verb (intransitive)] (Harl. 221) 431 Reestyn, as flesche, ranceo. 1530 J. Palsgrave 688/2 I reest, I waxe of yll taste, as bacon dothe. 1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. (rev. ed.) i. xxiv. 107 The scalding of Hogges keepeth the flesh whitest,..neither is the Bacon so apt to reast as the other. 1634 W. Wood i. ix. 35 This kind of fish..is so fat, that it can scarce be saved against winter without reisting. 1724 A. Ramsay 35 Limmers Hair, Which takes of Flow'r to keep it fair Frae reesting free. 1894 R. O. Heslop 572 Reest, to become rancid. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). reestv.2Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain; probably related to early modern Danish røste to cook on a grill over a fire, to grill, broil (Danish riste ), cognate with Norwegian riste , Swedish rista , in the same sense, probably ultimately representing a borrowing of Middle Low German rōsten , rȫsten to roast: see roast v. Compare later reese v.1 Alternatively, perhaps compare reest , Scots variant of roost n.1 (compare roost n.1 1b). Scottish (now chiefly Orkney and Shetland). a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in (1998) I. 206 Thow pure, hippit, vgly averill..Reistit and crynit as hangit man on hill. c1600 A. Montgomerie (2000) I. 112 Rau rid herring reistit in the reik. 1692 ‘J. Curate’ iv. 113 Take them up by the heels and reest them in the Chimney of Hell, and dry them like Bervy Haddocks. 1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf ix, in 1st Ser. I. 176 Let us cut up bushes and briars,..set fire to them, and smoke that auld devil's dam as if she were to be reested for bacon. 1832–53 W. Cross in 3rd Ser. 16 But ne'er say a herring is dry until it be reestit and reekit. 1914 in A. W. Johnston & A. Johnston VII. ii. 74 Shetlanders preferred both fish, flesh and fowl ‘reested’ rather than pickled. 1978 A. Fenton xvii. 149 From the couples could be hung mutton or geese to be reested..by the smoke. 1998 (Nexis) 18 Nov. 17 Killing sheep..and butchering them..—in the past, they would then have been salted, dried and smoked, or ‘reestit’ to last the winter. 1725 A. Ramsay ii. i. 20 A large Ham hings reesting in the Nook. 1826 A. Cunningham I. ii To reest like a kippert minnin in the reek of purgatory. 1829 W. Scott (new ed.) I. xxvi. 271 (note) The salmon is usually dried by hanging it up, after being split and rubbed with salt, in the smoke of the turf fire..where it is said to reist, that preparation being so termed. a1869 C. Spence (1898) 21 The dainty bacon hams Hang reestin' in the reek. 1996 M. Flaws & G. Lamb Reest, where meat was hung to reest. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). reestv.3Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: rest v.2 Etymology: Originally a variant of rest v.2 (see discussion of forms at that entry), now usually distinguished in form in the senses below. Earlier currency is probably implied by reesty adj. Compare also restive adj. 1a. Scottish, Irish English ( northern), and English regional ( northern). c1770 (1904) 233 That'll be plenty of bree Sae lang as our well is nae reisted. 1821 J. Galt viii, 84 The coal carts from the Dowray Moor were often reested in the middle of the causeway. 1864 W. D. Latto xxii, 219 Had they been incontinently reisted to the grund where they stood..like Lot's wife, naebody could hae said that their punishment surpassed the enormity o' their transgression. 1894 127 The wheel of a mill could be stopped by throwing into the race some mould taken from a churchyard—‘meels’—at twelve o'clock at night, repeating the Lord's Prayer backward during the act of casting the ‘meels’ into the water. This act was called ‘reestin the mill’. 1895 R. Ford 225 They reisted their naigs by the Haw Burn brae. 1901 W. J. Milne 31 I have heard the younger members of the female persuasion there wishing Mrs. Hardwird might be ‘reisted’ where she sat. 1903 W. Watson 103 Among her many cantrips she [sc. a witch] ‘reistet’ a horse and cart while passing her door. c1930 in (1968) VII. 398/1 [Kirkcudbrightshire] Reest is used in the game of Hide and Seek. The seeker calls 'Reest ye there, John Black!' when he spies a hider. 2004 S. Blackhall v. 52 He telt them syne..the magic wirds that could reist a horse or cherm a wummin. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > habits and actions of horse > [verb (intransitive)] > leap or prance > jump over obstacle > refuse to 1786 R. Burns (1968) I. 167 In cart or car thou never reestet. 1806 Sept. 696 Didna' pleasure's gladd'nin bowl Keep our senses a' frae reistin. 1816 W. Scott I. xv. 326 Our poney reists a bit, and it's dooms sweer to the road. 1827 J. Watt 13 Hadna I thought I'd been sair beastet, I frankly own I'd fairlie reestet. 1856 C. North III. 180 A team of mules, that in their native obstinacy, will reest when they meet any up-hill work. 1890 J. Service xix. 124 I was like to reist and to sten at the doctor's orders. 1895 N. Roy xiii I saw her reest on him ae day afore, and near hae a bite o' him. 1898 B. Kirkby 120 T' nag reested wi' him an' threw him off. 1904 R. Ford 2nd Ser. 83 He reisted at the door and askit for ‘Bogle Tamson’. 1947 Apr. 11 She [sc. a tractor] reisted hauf an hoor back, an' A'm fair bate wi' her. 1996 C. I. Macafee 274/2 Reest, of a horse..refuse to go forward. 2005 M. Rodger (SCOTS) Weel A mynd on the tyme whan hei reistit on the job an hei wudnae lat huz intae his wagon. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.eOEv.11440v.2?a1513v.3c1770 |
