reluctationn.

Brit.

/rᵻlʌkˈteɪʃən/, U.S.

/rəˌləkˈteɪʃ(ə)n/,

/ˌriləkˈteɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: 1500s– reluctation; also Scottish pre-1700 raluctation, pre-1700 reluctatioun.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin reluctation-, reluctatio.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin reluctation-, reluctatio resistance, opposition (5th cent.) < classical Latin reluctāt- , past participial stem of reluctārī to struggle, resist (see reluct v.) + -iō -ion suffix¹; compare -ation suffix. Compare earlier reluct v. With the sense development compare reluctant adj., reluctance n.

†1.

a. Struggle, resistance; opposition to an external force or influence; an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun]

i-winc888

wrestlingc890

fightc1000

flitec1000

teenOE

winOE

ungrithlOE

wara1200

cockingc1225

strife?c1225

strivingc1275

struta1300

barratc1300

thro1303

battlec1375

contentionc1384

tuggingc1440

militationa1460

sturtc1480

bargain1487

bargaining1489

distrifea1500

concertation1509

hold1523

conflict1531

ruffle1532

tangling1535

scamblingc1538

tuilyie1550

bustling1553

tilt1567

ruffling1570

wresting1570

certationc1572

pinglinga1578

reluctation1593

combating1594

yoking1594

bandying1599

tention1602

contrast1609

colluctation1611

contestationa1616

dimication1623

rixation1623

colluctance1625

decertation1635

conflicting1640

contrasto1645

dispute1647

luctation1651

contest1665

stickle1665

contra-colluctation1674

contrasting1688

struggle1706

yed1719

widdle1789

scrambling1792

cut and thrust1846

headbutting1869

push-and-pull1881

contending1882

thrust and parry1889

aggro1973

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > [noun] > opposition or resistance

witherOE

wiþerstrencþc1175

withstanding1303

resistancea1325

gainstandinga1340

withsetting1340

resistencec1390

again-standingc1400

resisting1436

repugnance?a1439

gainstandc1470

disstandingc1485

against-standinga1500

repugnancya1500

resist1535

objection1543

reluctation1593

resistment1605

rebeck1609

reluctance1609

reluctancy1613

obluctation1615

redaction1621

resistencya1623

obstrigillation1623

resistal1631

resistancy1656

recalcitration1658

stemc1700

calcitration1867

push-back1984

1593 P. Stubbes Motive to Good Wks. i. 5 They obeyed presently without all reluctation or resistance.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. H1 There being then no reluctation of the creature, nor sweat of the browe, mans employment must..haue ben matter of delight.

a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 456 He had gotten in the present Parliament, not without much reluctation, one tenth.

1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋210 Impedited in her reluctation and conflict with the forren invasion of the disease.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. xlix. 404 If this fluid resided within bodies, in an indolent and passive state, it could exert no reluctation on any mechanical force.

1833 Times 28 Jan. 1/7 It is only when they feel themselves baffled at all points, and without hope of successful reluctation, that their obedience becomes ready and cheerful.

1887 E. Gurney Tertium Quid II. 76 The hush and fury, the crises and contrasts, the onsets and reluctations, of musical movement.

b. Medicine. Resistance to movement on the part of an organ or part of the body. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > system > [noun] > organ > faculty or function of > types of functions

systole1565

reluctation1632

metastasis1663

rhythm1683

rhythmus1707

reaction1860

1632 tr. G. Bruele Praxis Medicinæ 67 This [motion] is done not without much reluctation and paine.

1650 H. Brooke Υγιεινη 114 The Stomock upon their Ingestion doth not firmly close, but with some sort of Reluctation.

1871 A. Calkins Opium & Opium-appetite xix. 226 The spectral illusions engendered by the pure gum did not reappear under the action of the alkaloid, neither was there the same reluctation on the part of the stomach.

a. Internal or mental conflict; reluctance, unwillingness; an instance of this. Now rare.Very common in the 17th cent.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun]

un-i-willa1225

unlustc1230

dangerc1290

loathnessa1300

thronessa1400

grudgingc1420

nilling?a1425

unlustiness?a1425

loathinessc1449

difficulty?c1450

grudge1477

sticking1525

scruple1526

unreadiness1526

sweerness1533

dangerousness1548

untowardnessa1555

envy1557

loathsomeness1560

retractation1563

stickling1589

indisposition1593

loathfulness1596

backwardness1597

unwillingness1597

reluctation1598

offwardness1600

undisposedness1600

hinka1614

reluctancy1621

reluctancea1628

renitence1640

nolencea1651

nolencya1651

indisposedness1651

shyness1651

nolition1653

costiveness1654

sullenness1659

scrupling1665

regret1667

queerness1687

stickiness1689

disinclination1695

uneasinessa1715

tarditude1794

disclination1812

inalacrity1813

grudgingness1820

tarrowing1832

reticence1863

grudgery1889

balkiness1894

safety first1913

1598 F. Meres tr. Luis de Granada Deuotion xxxiii. 318 This combate and strife with these cogitations ought not to be done with too much labor, & too much reluctation of spirit [Sp. congoxa de Spiritu].

1599 A. Hume Christian Precepts in Hymnes sig. K1 Gif thou obey him willinglie and with a gladnes, without any reluctation or regrait, thou art then his slaue & seruant.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Tt1 In the distinction between vertue with reluctation, and vertue secured.

1611 W. Sclater Key to Key of Script. 298 Because with the whole heart he sinneth not, but hath euer some reluctation against the temptation.

1648 J. Vicars Coleman-st. Conclave Visited 28 I for my part..verily hoped (but yet with no little reluctation of spirit, fearing the contrary) he would [etc.].

1673 J. Flavell Fountain of Life x. 118 By a sweet and secret efficacy overcome all it's reluctations.

1798 G. Hutton Appeal Nation 48 As far as the Imperfection of our Nature and the Reluctation of our Passions would permit, we should be followers of Him.

1870 R. L. Stevenson Wks. (1896) XXI. iv. i. 97 My disillusion dates from the opening of the garden door... I find a reluctation of spirit against believing that this is the place.

1933 Weird Tales July 115/1 An unreasoning impulse to which he yielded almost mechanically, without reluctation.

†b. Aversion to cruelty; an instance of this. Obsolete.Apparently only in Fletcher.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > cruelty > [noun]

rethenesseOE

crueltyc1230

cruelnessa1400

savagenessa1400

cruelc1440

crudelity1483

savagec1487

savagerya1616

reluctationa1625

fellness1678

heartlessness1891

a1625 J. Fletcher Loyal Subj. iii. vi, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Eee4^v/1 Thou hast no tendernesse, No reluctation in thy heart.

a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Sea Voy. iv. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Bbbbb2^v/2 Turn all those pitties, Those tender reluctations that should become your sex, To stern anger.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	reluctation
释义	reluctationn. Brit. /rᵻlʌkˈteɪʃən/, U.S. /rəˌləkˈteɪʃ(ə)n/, /ˌriləkˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: 1500s– reluctation; also Scottish pre-1700 raluctation, pre-1700 reluctatioun. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin reluctation-, reluctatio. Etymology: < post-classical Latin reluctation-, reluctatio resistance, opposition (5th cent.) < classical Latin reluctāt- , past participial stem of reluctārī to struggle, resist (see reluct v.) + -iō -ion suffix¹; compare -ation suffix. Compare earlier reluct v. With the sense development compare reluctant adj., reluctance n. †1. a. Struggle, resistance; opposition to an external force or influence; an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] i-winc888 wrestlingc890 fightc1000 flitec1000 teenOE winOE ungrithlOE wara1200 cockingc1225 strife?c1225 strivingc1275 struta1300 barratc1300 thro1303 battlec1375 contentionc1384 tuggingc1440 militationa1460 sturtc1480 bargain1487 bargaining1489 distrifea1500 concertation1509 hold1523 conflict1531 ruffle1532 tangling1535 scamblingc1538 tuilyie1550 bustling1553 tilt1567 ruffling1570 wresting1570 certationc1572 pinglinga1578 reluctation1593 combating1594 yoking1594 bandying1599 tention1602 contrast1609 colluctation1611 contestationa1616 dimication1623 rixation1623 colluctance1625 decertation1635 conflicting1640 contrasto1645 dispute1647 luctation1651 contest1665 stickle1665 contra-colluctation1674 contrasting1688 struggle1706 yed1719 widdle1789 scrambling1792 cut and thrust1846 headbutting1869 push-and-pull1881 contending1882 thrust and parry1889 aggro1973 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > [noun] > opposition or resistance witherOE wiþerstrencþc1175 withstanding1303 resistancea1325 gainstandinga1340 withsetting1340 resistencec1390 again-standingc1400 resisting1436 repugnance?a1439 gainstandc1470 disstandingc1485 against-standinga1500 repugnancya1500 resist1535 objection1543 reluctation1593 resistment1605 rebeck1609 reluctance1609 reluctancy1613 obluctation1615 redaction1621 resistencya1623 obstrigillation1623 resistal1631 resistancy1656 recalcitration1658 stemc1700 calcitration1867 push-back1984 1593 P. Stubbes Motive to Good Wks. i. 5 They obeyed presently without all reluctation or resistance. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. H1 There being then no reluctation of the creature, nor sweat of the browe, mans employment must..haue ben matter of delight. View more context for this quotation a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 456 He had gotten in the present Parliament, not without much reluctation, one tenth. 1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋210 Impedited in her reluctation and conflict with the forren invasion of the disease. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. IV. xlix. 404 If this fluid resided within bodies, in an indolent and passive state, it could exert no reluctation on any mechanical force. 1833 Times 28 Jan. 1/7 It is only when they feel themselves baffled at all points, and without hope of successful reluctation, that their obedience becomes ready and cheerful. 1887 E. Gurney Tertium Quid II. 76 The hush and fury, the crises and contrasts, the onsets and reluctations, of musical movement. b. Medicine. Resistance to movement on the part of an organ or part of the body. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > system > [noun] > organ > faculty or function of > types of functions systole1565 reluctation1632 metastasis1663 rhythm1683 rhythmus1707 reaction1860 1632 tr. G. Bruele Praxis Medicinæ 67 This [motion] is done not without much reluctation and paine. 1650 H. Brooke Υγιεινη 114 The Stomock upon their Ingestion doth not firmly close, but with some sort of Reluctation. 1871 A. Calkins Opium & Opium-appetite xix. 226 The spectral illusions engendered by the pure gum did not reappear under the action of the alkaloid, neither was there the same reluctation on the part of the stomach. 2. a. Internal or mental conflict; reluctance, unwillingness; an instance of this. Now rare.Very common in the 17th cent. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun] un-i-willa1225 unlustc1230 dangerc1290 loathnessa1300 thronessa1400 grudgingc1420 nilling?a1425 unlustiness?a1425 loathinessc1449 difficulty?c1450 grudge1477 sticking1525 scruple1526 unreadiness1526 sweerness1533 dangerousness1548 untowardnessa1555 envy1557 loathsomeness1560 retractation1563 stickling1589 indisposition1593 loathfulness1596 backwardness1597 unwillingness1597 reluctation1598 offwardness1600 undisposedness1600 hinka1614 reluctancy1621 reluctancea1628 renitence1640 nolencea1651 nolencya1651 indisposedness1651 shyness1651 nolition1653 costiveness1654 sullenness1659 scrupling1665 regret1667 queerness1687 stickiness1689 disinclination1695 uneasinessa1715 tarditude1794 disclination1812 inalacrity1813 grudgingness1820 tarrowing1832 reticence1863 grudgery1889 balkiness1894 safety first1913 1598 F. Meres tr. Luis de Granada Deuotion xxxiii. 318 This combate and strife with these cogitations ought not to be done with too much labor, & too much reluctation of spirit [Sp. congoxa de Spiritu]. 1599 A. Hume Christian Precepts in Hymnes sig. K1 Gif thou obey him willinglie and with a gladnes, without any reluctation or regrait, thou art then his slaue & seruant. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Tt1 In the distinction between vertue with reluctation, and vertue secured. View more context for this quotation 1611 W. Sclater Key to Key of Script. 298 Because with the whole heart he sinneth not, but hath euer some reluctation against the temptation. 1648 J. Vicars Coleman-st. Conclave Visited 28 I for my part..verily hoped (but yet with no little reluctation of spirit, fearing the contrary) he would [etc.]. 1673 J. Flavell Fountain of Life x. 118 By a sweet and secret efficacy overcome all it's reluctations. 1798 G. Hutton Appeal Nation 48 As far as the Imperfection of our Nature and the Reluctation of our Passions would permit, we should be followers of Him. 1870 R. L. Stevenson Wks. (1896) XXI. iv. i. 97 My disillusion dates from the opening of the garden door... I find a reluctation of spirit against believing that this is the place. 1933 Weird Tales July 115/1 An unreasoning impulse to which he yielded almost mechanically, without reluctation. †b. Aversion to cruelty; an instance of this. Obsolete.Apparently only in Fletcher. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > ill-treatment > cruelty > [noun] rethenesseOE crueltyc1230 cruelnessa1400 savagenessa1400 cruelc1440 crudelity1483 savagec1487 savagerya1616 reluctationa1625 fellness1678 heartlessness1891 a1625 J. Fletcher Loyal Subj. iii. vi, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Eee4^v/1 Thou hast no tendernesse, No reluctation in thy heart. a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Sea Voy. iv. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Bbbbb2^v/2 Turn all those pitties, Those tender reluctations that should become your sex, To stern anger. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1593
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