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单词 relativism
释义

relativismn.

Brit. /ˈrɛlətᵻvɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈrɛlədəˌvɪz(ə)m/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: relative adj., -ism suffix.
Etymology: < relative adj. + -ism suffix, after relativist n. Compare German Relativismus (1838 or earlier).
Originally and chiefly Philosophy.
Any theory or doctrine asserting that knowledge, truth, morality, etc., are relative to situations, rather than being absolute.cultural, ethical, historical relativism: see the first element.
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the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > epistemology > [noun] > relativism
relationism1858
relativism1865
1865 J. Grote Exploratio Philosophica Pt. I xi. 229 The notion of the mask over the face of nature is exactly that which I am sure Dr Whewell does not wish to fall into—it is what I have called ‘relativism’. If ‘the face of nature’ is reality, then the mask over it, which is what theory gives us, is so much deception, and that is what relativism really comes to.
1885 A. Seth Sc. Philos. 183 Hegel alone of all metaphysicians lifts us completely clear of Relativism.
1892 Athenæum 20 Aug. 247/1 Many will be pleased with the attack on thoroughgoing relativism.
1934 C. Morris in G. H. Mead Mind, Self & Society p. xix Philosophically the position is here an objective relativism: qualities of the object may yet be relative to a conditioning organism.
1976 W. J. Stankiewicz Aspects Polit. Theory vii. 135 What is logically excluded is relativism as a methodology: a methodology demands fixity of purpose; a fixed purpose excludes relativism.
1992 P. Wilkinson in J. Baylis & N. J. Rengger Dilemmas World Politics ix. 234 According to the sophistry of moral relativism and ‘situational ethics’ almost anything can be condoned.
2005 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 17 Apr. i. 3/4 Some..Vatican officials have long viewed interfaith dialogue as a slippery slope toward relativism, the idea that all religions are equally valid.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1865
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