removen.

Brit.

/rᵻˈmuːv/, U.S.

/rəˈmuv/,

/riˈmuv/

Forms: 1500s–1600s remooue, 1500s–1600s remoove, 1500s–1600s remoue, 1500s– remove, 1600s remoov, 1600s–1700s remouve; also Scottish pre-1700 remoif, pre-1700 remoove, pre-1700 remov, pre-1700 remowe, pre-1700 remuf, pre-1700 remuff, pre-1700 remuif, pre-1700 remwif.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: remove v.

Etymology: < remove v. Compare earlier remue n.With sense 5b compare later relevé n. 1.

1. Farriery. An act of shoeing a horse with its old shoes, rather than providing new ones after the hoof has been trimmed; (also) an old horseshoe used in this manner. Now chiefly historical or regional.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun]

shoeingc1440

remove1512

ferrure1676

reshoeing1856

horse-shoeing1869

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > horseshoe > types of horseshoe

remove1512

lunette1566

half-moon shoe1607

pancelet1607

plate1607

patten shoe1639

linnet-hole1662

cross-bar shoe1675

interfering shoe1678

pantofle shoe1696

panton shoe1696

cutting-shoe1711

skim1795

skimmer1801

bar-shoe1831

sandal1831

tip1831

racket1846

hipposandal1847

slipper1903

stumbling-shoe1908

mud-shoe1940

1512 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 307 To John Sparty, smytht to the king and quenis stabulis, in haill payment of all hors schone remufis to the king and quenis stabulis and hors.

1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. G3 If you want a shoe, a remoue, or the clinching of a naile, I am at your command.

1636 T. Heywood Loves Maistresse iv. i Phœbus fore-horse Must have two new shooes, calk'd, and one remove.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 90/1 A Remove is, when a shooe is taken off, and set on again with new Nails.

1745 J. Swift Direct. to Servants 66 His Horse wanted two Removes; your Horse wanted Nails.

1800 W. Moorcroft Cursory Acct. shoeing Horses 46 To prevent the necessity of frequent removes, several expedients have been put in practice.

1821 A. Welby Visit N. Amer. 94 The price I paid to a blacksmith for eight new horse-shoes,..and eight removes.

1880 W. H. Patterson Gloss. Words Antrim & Down Remove, the re-shoeing of a horse with the old shoes.

1904 I. Wilkinson in Eng. Dial. Dict. V. 86/2 One new shoe and one remove.

2000 Nelson (N.Z.) Mail (Nexis) 28 Feb. 13 After assessing the situation, Brian decides to either replace the shoe after he has trimmed the hoof, or put the same shoe back on (known as a ‘remove’).

†2.

a. The action of removing a person from an office or position; dismissal; an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > removal from office or authority > [noun]

off-puttinga1387

supplantationa1393

deposal1397

deposition1399

amotion1441

privation1444

subversion1470

deposing1480

dispointment1483

quietus est1530

cassing1550

deprivation1551

remove1553

destitution1554

depose1559

abdication1574

dismissionc1600

renvoy1600

displacement1611

deprivement1630

quietus1635

removal1645

deposure1648

displacing1655

cashierment1656

discarding1660

amoval1675

depriving1705

superannuation1722

separation1779

ouster1782

disestablishment1806

dismissal1849

epuration1883

deprival1886

purge1893

society > occupation and work > lack of work > [noun] > dismissal or discharge

discharginga1398

discharge1523

quietus est1530

conduction1538

cassing1550

remove1553

destitution1554

mittimus1596

dismissionc1600

quietus1635

removal1645

cashierment1656

separation1779

dismissing1799

dismissala1806

to give (a person) the sack1825

bullet1841

congee1847

decapitation1869

G.B.1880

the shove1899

spear1912

bob-tail1915

severance1941

sacking1958

termination1974

1553 S. Cabot in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 260 And the person so remooued not to bee..accepted..from the time of his remooue, any more for an officer.

1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates D iij The two dukes..On whose remove fro beyng aboute the king We all agreed.

1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 68 The causes and maner of the ushers remove.

a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 341 At length, with much adoe, they procured his remove, and Porcius Festus succeeded.

1711 J. Swift Let. 8 Nov. in Wks. (1883) XV. 486 It is still expected that the duke will be out, and that many other removes will be made.

1799 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1800) 3 363 We shall find sundry brisk removes of many in public honour.

b. Death; (also, esp. in earlier use) murder. Cf. removal n. 1b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > murder or assassination > [noun]

murderingeOE

murderOE

banec1175

morth gamec1275

morth spellc1275

slaughterc1325

murdermenta1400

murderdom1514

massacre1589

remove1592

assassinate1596

assassinment1602

assassination1610

assassinacy1611

assassinaya1641

removal1655

murderation1715

murdrum1767

thugdom1839

aliicide1868

hatchet job1925

liquidation1925

rubout1927

murder one1966

neutralization1971

1592 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. ii. sig. C4 Lets goe my Lord, your staying staies reuenge..Her fauour must be wonne by his remooue.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 79 He most violent Author Of his owne iust remoue .

a1652 A. Wilson Hist. Great Brit. (1653) 89 Intimating..that Overburies untimely remove had something in it of retaliation.

1677 K. Ranelagh 11 Sept. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) IV. 454 I..condole with you the remove of our true honest ingenious friends..since it has pleased god to call them hence so soone one after another.

1727 J. Worthington Serm. occasion'd by Death Rev. B. Bennet 1 Your late excellent Pastor: Whose remove is a sensible and grievous Loss.

1853 D. Wilson Hymns of Praise xxxix. 33 Trembling skies Still threaten my remove, My life I'm call'd to sacrifice, And everything I love.

c. The raising of a siege. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > [noun] > discontinuing of siege > causing siege to be raised

removea1616

a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. ii. 28 If they set downe before's: for the remoue Bring vp your Army.

a. The action of moving away or to another place, esp. a new place of residence; withdrawal, departure; an instance of this. Cf. three removes are as bad as a fire at Phrases and move n. 3d. Now chiefly North American.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > [noun] > change of residence

flittingc1175

removinga1425

remove1555

removal1605

motion1634

flit1835

move1853

shift1871

locomutationa1884

1555–6 Heralds' Acct. S. Gardiner's Obsequies in S. Gardiner Lett. (1933) App. 503 So set in his chapell, with lightes abowt hym burning day and night, and contynuall servyce tyll his remove.

1578 tr. J. Calvin Comm. Joshua iii. sig. D^v He gaue commaundement by his lieftenantes, that they should make all things readie for their remoue, for that three dayes after, they should passe ouer Iordane.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 194 I call him..the flitting figure, or figure of remoue, like as the other before was called the figure of aboade.

c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cv. 82 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 165 Quailes in whole Beauies each remoue pursue.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 5 Speeding themselves in great hast, for to prevent all rumors of their remove.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) v. iii. 133 Here's a petition from a Florentine, Who hath for foure or fiue remoues come short, To tender it her selfe.

1650 S. Clarke Marrow Eccl. Hist. (1654) i. 169 Faustus was constrained by frequent removes to hide himself.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 592 And see the Guards, By mee encampt on yonder Hill, expect Thir motion, at whose Front a flaming Sword, In signal of remove, waves fiercely round.

1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi i. vi. 24/1 The next Year there was a great Remove of good People thither.

1773 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. II. 53 Death..is..a remove for the better.

1800 J. Priestley Let. 30 Jan. in T. Jefferson Papers (2004) XXXI. 346 A remove is absolutely impossible, unless you were possessed of Aladin's lamp, and could transport my house..into Virginia without trouble.

1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life 7 All old favourites..Griev'd me at heart to witness their removes.

1848 J. Hunter Acc. King Henry Eighth's Progr. Yorks. 6 in Mem. Hist. & Antiq. York (Archaeol. Instit.) The king remained only two nights, and on the 12th of September made his remove to Risby, where he spent one night.

1907 L. M. Gross et al. Past & Present of DeKalb County I. 420/2 It was during his boyhood that the father of our subject accompanied his parents on their remove to Indiana, where he grew to manhood.

1952 O. Handlin Uprooted (2002) iv. 101 The ideological development of those whose remove was to some other place in their own country took a distinctive turn of its own.

1992 J. M. Faragher D. Boone (1993) vii. 263 His remove to the Kanawha took him back to a world in which he felt far more comfortable.

†b. A signal for a military force to depart. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military organization > signals > [noun] > signal to depart

remove1591

1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. i. 35 When al was in order ready to march, they cal to sound the remoue.

1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre v. iii. 171 All things being assured, he may then cause the Drumme-maior to beat a remoue.

†c. A period of absence from a place. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > absence > [noun] > period of

removea1616

absencea1657

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. i. 43 In our remoue, be thou at full, our selfe.

†4.

a. The action of moving something from one place or position to another; an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > transference > [noun]

translationc1384

remevement1437

translatingc1454

transferring1573

remove1582

transplantation1606

transactiona1608

removal1610

transumption1615

transduction1656

diabasis1672

transference1766

transfer1785

transferrala1790

transplanting1790

takeover1909

rollover1941

1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. vii. 17 So as the Moores should not burne them,..which now by their remooue was preuented.

1618 W. Lawson New Orchard & Garden vii. 17 This short cutting at the remoue, saues your Plants from Winde.

1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 237 Having gotten an Elephant for the remove of our baggage and commodities, we left Moulgas.

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 317 Five or six such motions, or rather removes of the Balls.

1754 G. Smith Angler's Mag. 17 In dibbing for Dace, Roach, or Chubb, your Motion must not be swift, if you can perceive them coming towards it, but make a short Remove or two, as if the Fly were swimming or playing, then let it gently glide with the Stream.

1823 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 2nd Ser. II. 201 The birth of the Pretender is represented by the chest,..perhaps alluding to the removes of the warming-pan.

1896 H. L. Roth & H. B. Low Natives of Sarawak & Brit. N. Borneo III. xiii. 376 If the wood be in good condition, the dust, which is the tinder, begins to smoke in about twelve strokes (i.e. twelve removes of the hand upwards).

b. Fencing. A thrust made while withdrawing the foot. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > [noun] > actions

buttc1330

overheadc1400

stopc1450

quarter-strokea1456

rabbeta1500

rakea1500

traverse1547

flourish1552

quarter-blow1555

veny1578

alarm1579

venue1591

cut1593

time1594

caricado1595

fincture1595

imbroccata1595

mandritta1595

punta riversa1595

remove1595

stramazon1595

traversa1595

imbrocado1597

passado1597

counter-time1598

foinery1598

canvasado1601

montant1601

punto1601

stock1602

embrocadoc1604

pass1604

stuck1604

stramazo1606

home thrust1622

longee1625

falsify?1635

false1637

traversion1637

canvassa1641

parade1652

flanconade1664

parry1673

fore-stroke1674

allonge1675

contretemps1684

counter1684

disengaging1684

feint1684

passing1687

under-counter1687

stringere1688

stringering1688

tempo1688

volte1688

overlapping1692

repost1692

volt-coupe1692

volting1692

disarm?1700

stamp1705

passade1706

riposte1707

swoop1711

retreat1734

lunge1748

beat1753

disengage1771

disengagement1771

opposition1771

time thrust1771

timing1771

whip1771

shifting1793

one-two1809

one-two-three1809

salute1809

estramazone1820

remise1823

engage1833

engaging1833

risposta1838

lunging1847

moulinet1861

reprise1861

stop-thrust1861

engagement1881

coupé1889

scrape1889

time attack1889

traverse1892

cut-over1897

tac-au-tac riposte1907

flèche1928

replacement1933

punta dritta1961

1595 V. Saviolo Practise H iij If your enemy be first to strike at you, and if at that instant you would make him a passata, or remoue, it behoueth you to be very ready with your feet and hand.

c. Chess. A move (move n. 2a). Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [noun] > move

moving1474

marching1562

march1584

remove1645

removal1662

1645 City Alarum 11 Like two ill Gamesters at Chesse, who make many remooves to little purpose.

1656 F. Beale tr. G. Greco Royall Game Chesse-play A iv b He which loseth shall have a palpable reason for every remove he maketh.

1676 A. Marvell Mr. Smirke sig. H3 Alexander perciev'd by them that this Pawn-Bishop had made all his removes right.

1754 G. Jeffreys Misc. 158 The black Pawn within a Remove from the Top.

†a. The action of removing or taking something away; removal; (also) eradication. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > [noun] > removal or taking away

withdrawingc1315

remuingc1330

withdraught1340

taking awaya1382

discharginga1398

removinga1398

remotiona1425

subtraction?a1425

amovingc1443

taking offc1450

abstraction1467

way-taking1479

substracting1549

conveyance1567

sublation1567

remove1589

removal1595

exemption1598

substraction1601

supporting1608

amovement1618

subductiona1620

conveying1621

amolitiona1641

withdrawment1640

subducting1645

suffuration1651

summotion1653

amoval1657

withdraw1720

withdrawal1838

removement1846

1589 J. Banister Antidotarie Chyrurg. 255 Applie it, the place being first annoynted… And vppon this, the trusse applied, without remoue thereof, saue from foure daies to foure daies.

1597 F. Bacon Of Coulers Good & Euill f. 24^v, in Ess. The..blossome is a positiue good, although the remoue of it to giue place to the fruite be a comparatiue good.

1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing 71 That which is early received,..as it were grows into our tender natures, and is therefore of difficult remove.

1678 J. Worlidge Vinetum Britannicum (ed. 2) 58 A threefold want of sap..occasioned by the remove of the Root.

1757 E. Perronet Mitre (new ed.) i. ccxxii. 50 Whence sprang the darkness of her night? Whence the remove of all her light?

1810 D. Blaine Domest. Treat. Dis. Horses & Dogs (ed. 4) 148 There is also frequently some actual disease existing, whose remove is best effected by the slow gradual alteration that is brought about..by..alteratives.

a1864 J. Clare Early Poems (1989) I. 159 E'en a post..or a stone Moss'd o'er by age..Would in my mind a strong attachment gain..&..Griev'd me at heart to witness their remove.

b. Cookery. A dish that is served during a course in place of one that is removed. Formerly also: †the action or an act of removing such a dish or dishes at a meal (obsolete). Now chiefly historical.In later use, esp. in the contexts of French cookery.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > serving food > removal of dishes > [noun]

voidingc1435

avoid1493

remove1625

avoidance1661

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > [noun] > dish > preceding or succeeding dish

remove1733

relief1788

relevé1825

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes IV. 345 The dishes so placed..that they did reach a yard high as we sate, and yet each dish fit to bee dealt upon without remoove.

1733 V. La Chapelle Mod. Cook I. 123 Place over them your Eels and your Cray-fish with some Ham-gravy and some Cullis of Cray-fish if you have any; and then serve it up for a first Course or Remove.

1756 Connoisseur No. 138. 825 My lord is displaying his exquisite taste by deciding upon every dish;..all the while not a little solicitous about the exactness of the Removes, and the duly adjusting the entremets.

1771 B. Franklin in M. Farrand Benjamin Franklin's Mem. (1949) 124/1 Every Man at the first Remove, found under his Plate an Order on a Banker.

1820 F. MacDonogh Hermit in London IV. 161 Two courses and removes, consisting of about 30 dishes.

1832 N. K. M. Lee Cook's own Bk. 202/2 Keep the beef hot, and send it up (as a remove to the soup) with finely chopped parsley.

1872 A. Trollope Golden Lion of Granpere ii. 16/2 On Sundays a real dinner was served in the room up stairs, with soup and removes, and entrées,..all in the right place.

1961 N. Froud et al. tr. P. Montagné & A. Gottschalk Larousse Gastronomique 805/2 Remove. Relevé—Dish which in French service relieves (in the sense that one sentry relieves another) the soup or the fish.

2004 Charlotte (N. Carolina) Observer (Nexis) 22 Oct. h24 Elaborate French menus of the past began with soup, then..hot hors d'oeuvre, cold hors d'oeuvre, fish, a ‘remove’ (a dish that follows another, usually a piece of meat with garnish), an entree, [etc.].

6. Esp. in early use chiefly with reference to certain British public schools, esp. Eton College.

a. A promotion of a pupil to a higher form or division at school. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > division of pupils > promotion to a higher division

remove1610

1610 D. Carleton Let. 14 Jan. in Eton Coll. Lists, 1678–1790 (1907) Introd. p. xxv [Phil Litton] hath stept a forme higher at this Christmas remove, and is now under the Schoolemaster's tuition.

1745 Ld. Chesterfield Lett. (1932) (modernized text) II. 557 Every remove (you know) is to be attended by a reward from me, besides the credit you will gain for yourself.

1768–75 in H. C. Maxwell-Lyte Hist. Eton Coll. (1877) 319 The time allowed for trying boys for their removes is not to be in a school hour.

1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. vii. 173 Tom..was praised, and got his remove into the lower fourth.

1894 W. H. Wilkins & H. Vivian Green Bay Tree I. 43 Surprising I didn't get my remove this term.

1907 Eton Coll. Lists, 1678–1790 Introd. p. xxviii Twice a year, once at the beginning of March, and again towards the end of September, boys could get their remove into the Upper School.

1964 Times 15 May 15/6 [Sweden] retains its system of marking in the comprehensive school. The pupil must still get his remove.

2002 P. Temple Sort of Conscience ii. 33 Although Edward Gibbon obtained his remove (promotion to a higher form) in 1810, he found this regime painful.

b. Frequently with capital initial and with the. (The name of) a form between the Fourth and Fifth year, itself sometimes divided into the Lower and Upper Remove; (also) a class or division within another year (esp. the Fourth year); (in modern use also) spec. a class in which pupils spend an additional year preparing for examinations. Now chiefly historical.In later use frequently associated with the fictional schoolboy character Billy Bunter, the ‘Owl of the Remove’ at Greyfriars school, in the novels by ‘Frank Richards’ (C. H. Hamilton 1876–1961).

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > division of pupils > form or class

form1560

first forma1602

remove1718

shell1736

sixth-form1807

lower sixth (form)1818

pettya1827

grade1835

the twenty1857

baby class1860

standard1862

nursery class1863

primer1885

reception class1902

sixth form1938

reception1975

1718 in H. C. Maxwell-Lyte Hist. Eton Coll. (1877) 288 The successive forms were called..First Form, Lower Remove, Second Form,..Fourth Form, Remove, Fifth Form.

1733 in H. C. Maxwell-Lyte Hist. Eton Coll. (1877) 305 He has been examined..and is placed in the 4th form, last remove, till further trial.

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. ix. 102 Some unhappy wight in the remove wandering about,..seeking relief in the shape of a verse.

1873 E. Coleridge in R. Ornsby Mem. J. R. Hope-Scott (1884) I. 20 He was placed in the lower Remove of the Remove in September.

1926 C. Oman in F. J. C. Hearnshaw Polit. Princ. Some Notable Prime Ministers 19th Cent. ii. 16 He could appreciate a telling classical quotation, while observing that his own classics were those of an Eton boy in the Remove.

1946 ‘G. Orwell’ Coll. Ess. (1981) 284 Bunter is always ‘the fat Owl’ or ‘the Owl of the Remove’.

1961 ‘F. Richards’ Bunter the Ventriloquist xxv. 145 ‘Ow! Leggo!’ Bunter, wriggling, blinked round in alarm at the captain of the Remove.

2007 C. Wheeler Another Father xvi. 84 At school, I was in the Remove with Mr. Terry, a bald, cadaverous academic who reminded me of Chalky, the schoolmaster of Giles's cartoons.

7. The action or an instance of moving a person from one office or position to another. Also of a person: the action of transferring to a new office, position, etc. (sometimes involving promotion); an instance of this. Now rare (archaic).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > career > [noun] > transfer

remove1610

transfer1895

1610 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) I. 107 Upon the remove of the Bishop of Gloucester to Worcester, Dr. Tooker..had thought to have succeeded.

1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 34 By this failer the Master of our Ship had a remove into the Vice-Admiral.

1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome 270 After a short remove to the Quæstorship of Sardinia, he was appointed to go as Legate.

1751 Affecting Narr. H.M.S. Wager 11 His Request being comply'd with, occasioned some Removes: For..our Captain, Kidd, was remov'd to the Pearl.

1886 C. J. Wills Persia as it Is iv. 33 Such an experienced ‘local diplomatist’ if far more..useful to his Government than a man..who goes to his post as to exile, determined to get his pension or remove at the first opportunity.

1904 W. H. Frere Eng. Church Reigns of Elizabeth & James I xiii. 235 His remove to London obliged him to take up the puritan controversy.

1956 Times 11 Jan. 10/4 He will..‘be keeping an eye on it’ when he comes to London; but he has no plans for a similar mission on his remove.

a. The condition, state, or fact of being remote or distant; the extent to or degree by which a person or thing is separated from another in time, place, condition, etc.; remoteness, distance; an instance of this.Now the usual sense.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > [noun]

spacec1350

distancec1392

farness1523

remove1628

eloinmenta1670

1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xiv. 41 The soules Perspectiue glasse: whereby, in her long remoue, shee discerneth God.

1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica ii. xii. 329 A Sign that ♄ is more frigid than ♃, by reason of his greater remove.

1720 tr. L. Bellini Mech. Acct. Fevers 412 The Blood will be yet more fused, from the obstinate Adhæsion of the Lentor, and its greater Remove from a natural State.

1771 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) V. 385 A giddy, careless temper is at the farthest remove from the whole religion of Jesus Christ.

1845 R. W. Hamilton Inst. Pop. Educ. iv. 66 He would see that scale recede from him to as distant a remove as that where it now stands.

1854 Mechanic's Mag. 61 509/2 Varying among themselves..according to their remove from our position, here nearer the sun and there outward into the wide sweep of an indefinite space.

1876 G. Meredith Beauchamp's Career II. xiii. 250 As mountains gather vastness to the eye at a certain remove.

1907 N. Munro Daft Days xii. 100 He could not be serious, and she had never heard him sigh,—in him was wanting some remove, some mystery.

1960 Times 14 Jan. 14/7 How quaint it all seems at this remove of time!

1991 K. Hafner & J. Markoff Cyberpunk i. 135 Handwritten access codes..Kevin used to steal his way into heavily guarded computers from the safe remove of thousands of miles.

2008 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 14 Dec. f8 Throughout his memoir, Ayers maintains a remove that's frankly creepy.

b. Frequently with preceding numeral. A step of distance; a particular point or stage away from direct cause or relation. Esp. in (but) one (also a) remove from.

ΚΠ

1633 G. Herbert Jordan in Temple ii Must all be vail'd, while he that reads, divines, Catching the sense at two removes?

1668 R. Steele Husbandmans Calling ix. 225 How can I glorifie my Maker, that am but one remove from a piece of..sinful earth?

1712 R. Theed Sacred Biogr. 80 Now Moses stood actually possess'd of this World's Glitter, and but one Remove from its Top-felicity.

1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 53 It might be well enough, if you were..but a Remove or two from the Dirt you seem so fond of.

1768 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued I. xxix. 221 Virtue stands two removes from the summum bonum.

1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (ed. 2) ii. ii. 204 Events are explained by other events separated from them by a thousand removes.

1864 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire iv. 54 Yet nascent feudality was but one remove from anarchy.

1906 Proc. Amer. Medico-Psychol. Assoc. 62nd Ann. Meeting (1907) 513 Fear and terror are but a remove from sadness.

1955 R. W. B. Lewis Amer. Adam (1959) v. 96 At one moment in Arthur Mervyn we are not less than four removes from the immediate—a device which..confuses us intolerably.

1975 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 4 Nov. 6/1 The Ontario Government fumbled its way into the factfinder legislation, which was designed to put teach-board disputes at one remove from provincial responsibility.

2004 Week 25 Sept. 14/2 We are voyeurs, consuming emotions at one remove, without really understanding them.

c. A step (represented by a generation) in a direct line of descent from a common ancestor; = degree n. 3a. Cf. removed adj. 2a. Also in extended use. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun] > a line of descent > degree in descent

kneec1000

greec1315

generationa1387

degreea1400

descent1538

descendancy1603

remove1741

family tree1752

1741 J. Serenius Dictionarium Suethico-Anglo-Latinum Syskon He is my cousin one remove.

1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. i. 3 Our cousins too, even to the fortieth remove, all remembered their affinity, without any help from the Heralds' office.

1789 Hunter in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 79 161 These puppies are the second remove from the Wolf and Dog.

1828 J. Ruddiman Tales & Sketches 63 Jedediah Groandeep, who was but ten removes from the family o' the lairds of Cleughenandoighterchylochin.

1853 C. Dickens Bleak House i. 5 I am not..prepared to inform the Court in what exact remove he is a cousin.

1888 H. Kendall Kinship of Men iii. 60 The uncle is only one remove from the point of junction.

1990 J. S. Arnold Kinship (2000) 39 The removes seem to create considerable difficulty. A question frequently asked is ‘Removed from whom and to where?’

d. Printing. With preceding numeral: the number of sizes by which the type of a footnote or marginal note is smaller than that of the text; type size. Also in later use: a note printed in smaller type than the text. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printed matter > arrangement or appearance of printed matter > [noun] > type or size of footnotes or sidenotes

remove1836

under-runner1921

1836 2nd Ann. Rep. London Union Compositors 19 Jan. in E. Howe London Compositor (1947) viii. 233 By a fount of one remove..the Trade will understand a small-faced letter cast upon a larger body—that is, upon a body the next in size to it.

1890 C. T. Jacobi Printing v. 70 Footnotes are nearly always set in type two sizes (or removes, as they are called) smaller than text... Side-notes are frequently put into three or four removes smaller.

1898 J. Southward Mod. Printing i. xxxvii. 224 The usual type for notes is two or three removes from the text.

1934 V. Steer Printing Design & Layout xvi. 293 Footnotes are explanatory notes at the foot of the page usually set in type two removes from the size used for the text.

1960 G. A. Glaister Gloss. Bk. 345/2 Removes, quotations or notes set at the foot of a page and in smaller type than that of the text.

Phrases

Proverb. three removes are as bad as a fire and variants. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1758 B. Franklin Poor Richard's Almanack 14 Three Removes is as bad as a Fire.

1839 C. Dickens Let. 14 Nov. (1965) I. 602 Did you ever ‘move’?.. There is an old proverb that three removes are as bad as a fire.

1896 Cosmopolitan Oct. 677 Three removes may be as good as a fire in just the same sense that three vaccinations may be as good as a case of smallpox.

1903 Punch 18 Nov. 360/2 If to the householder three removes are equal to a fire, this particular meal should have the effect of a volcanic eruption on a modern sybarite.

1923 Lincoln (Nebraska) Star 10 Apr. 16/3 (advt.) An old saying has it that ‘three removes are as bad as a fire’—meaning that one's household goods in three moves get about as badly racked and scratched as they would in being salvaged from a fire.

Compounds

C1. In sense 6, as remove class, remove form, remove master, etc.

ΚΠ

1864 Rep. Commissioners Revenues & Managem. Certain Colleges & Schools II. 64/1 in Parl. Papers XX. App. The repetition lessons, and the looking over of exercises in school, were delegated to the fourth form masters and the other assistants (the remove master only excepted).

1884 City of London School Mag. June 99 Remove Class, TM Taylor.

1899 C. K. Paul Memories 99 Boys used to think that Goodford slept through most of the lessons as fourth-form- or remove-master.

1911 J. S. Mackenzie in G. Spiller Papers on Inter-racial Problems 439 In the Secondary School, however, they may be given pretty fully from the Remove Form upwards.

1968 H. Davies Beatles viii. 60 He stayed on and went into the Remove Form, as he hadn't enough O levels to get immediately into the Sixth.

2007 T. Stouffer Compl. Idiot's Guide Harry Potter vi. 118 Some schools have students take the tests a year or two earlier, but regardless, the year in which exams are taken is usually called the Remove year.

C2.

remove ticket n. now historical a document of discharge issued to a sailor at the end of a voyage.

ΚΠ

1792 Act 32 Geo. III c. 33 §15 That in case both Parts of any such Remove Ticket..directed to be granted and delivered to such Petty Officer or Seaman, Non-commissioned Officer of Marines, or Marine..shall happen to be lost or destroyed, [etc.].

1805 Ld. Nelson 26 Apr. in Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VI. 416 I directed Captain Schomberg to make out the proper Remove-Tickets for the wages due to the said men.

1997 R. Morriss Cockburn & Brit. Navy in Transition i. 44 The main task was the precise completion and submission of muster and pay-books, along with..sick, dead and remove tickets.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

removev.

Brit.

/rᵻˈmuːv/, U.S.

/rəˈmuv/,

/riˈmuv/

Forms:

α. Middle English remuvie, Middle English–1600s remooue, Middle English–1600s remoue, Middle English– remove, late Middle English remofe, late Middle English remous (transmission error), late Middle English remowue, 1500s remowe, 1500s–1600s remoove; Scottish pre-1700 ramof, pre-1700 ramofe, pre-1700 ramouff, pre-1700 ramove, pre-1700 ramowe, pre-1700 ramoyff, pre-1700 ramuf, pre-1700 ramuff, pre-1700 ramuffe, pre-1700 ramuif, pre-1700 ramvf, pre-1700 ramvif, pre-1700 ramviff, pre-1700 ramwif, pre-1700 remofe, pre-1700 remoff, pre-1700 remoif, pre-1700 remoiff, pre-1700 remoive, pre-1700 remooue, pre-1700 remoove, pre-1700 remoow, pre-1700 remoue, pre-1700 remouf, pre-1700 remouith (transmission error), pre-1700 remouv, pre-1700 removf, pre-1700 remow, pre-1700 remowe, pre-1700 remowff, pre-1700 remowyed (past tense), pre-1700 remuf, pre-1700 remufe, pre-1700 remuff, pre-1700 remuif, pre-1700 remuife, pre-1700 remuiff, pre-1700 remvfe, pre-1700 remvif, pre-1700 remvue (perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 remvwe, pre-1700 remwf, pre-1700 remwif, pre-1700 remwife, pre-1700 1700s remuve, pre-1700 1700s– remove, 1800s– remuv; N.E.D. (1906) also records a form Middle English remuve.

β. Middle English remefe, Middle English remeff, Middle English remeove, Middle English remoeve, Middle English (1900s– Scottish (north-eastern)) remeeve, Middle English–1500s remeeue, Middle English–1500s remeue, Middle English–1500s remeve, Middle English–1500s remoeue, 1500s remew.

γ. English regional 1600s 1800s– remmon (Yorkshire), 1800s rumman (Yorkshire), 1800s rummen (Yorkshire), 1900s– remine (Gloucestershire).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French remover, remever, removoir.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman remover, remoever, removeir, remoweir, also remever, remewer, and Middle French removoir, remouvoir (French †remouvoir ) to move (something) from or out of the space that it occupies, to replace (both 12th cent.), to leave, depart (perhaps late 12th cent.), to cease, to abandon (13th cent.), to remove from office (a1305 or earlier), to transfer a case from one court to another (a1321 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to raise (a siege) (end of the 14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman) < classical Latin removēre to move (things) back or away, to subtract, to cause (people or animals) to go away or retire, to rid oneself of, get out of the way, to banish, do away with, to debar (a person from a position or activity), to disqualify, to set aside, cancel (a right, process), to leave out of account, in post-classical Latin also to raise (a siege) (a1364 in a British source) < re- re- prefix + movēre move v. Compare Old Occitan remover (12th cent. as remoure ), Catalan remoure (13th cent.), Spanish remover (end of the 13th cent.), Portuguese remover (15th cent.; 14th cent. as remouer , rremouer ), Italian rimuovere (a1294). Compare remue v. and see discussion below.On the β. forms see discussion at move v. There is some overlap in form with remue v., and some instances could instead be taken as showing that word, as conversely some examples at remue v. could instead be taken as showing this word. Middle English forms ending in -w or -we have been placed at remue v. (Scots forms of this type are given at this entry, on account of the different spelling conventions in Older Scots.) Quot. 1507 at sense 5b has been placed at this entry rather than remue v. because the spelling removet occurs later in the same sentence, evidently intended as a spelling of the same word. In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix).

a. intransitive. Of a person or animal: to go away from a place; to leave, to depart; to move to another place. Also transitive (reflexive). Now somewhat archaic, except in transitive use.†Formerly also with of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)]

wendeOE

i-wite971

ashakec975

shakeOE

to go awayOE

witea1000

afareOE

agoOE

atwendOE

awayOE

to wend awayOE

awendOE

gangOE

rimeOE

flitc1175

to fare forthc1200

depart?c1225

part?c1225

partc1230

to-partc1275

biwitec1300

atwitea1325

withdrawa1325

to draw awayc1330

passc1330

to turn one's (also the) backc1330

lenda1350

begonec1370

remuea1375

voidc1374

removec1380

to long awaya1382

twinc1386

to pass one's wayc1390

trussc1390

waive1390

to pass out ofa1398

avoida1400

to pass awaya1400

to turn awaya1400

slakec1400

wagc1400

returnc1405

to be gonea1425

muck1429

packc1450

recede1450

roomc1450

to show (a person) the feetc1450

to come offc1475

to take one's licence1475

issue1484

devoidc1485

rebatea1500

walka1500

to go adieua1522

pikea1529

to go one's ways1530

retire?1543

avaunt1549

to make out1558

trudge1562

vade?1570

fly1581

leave1593

wag1594

to get off1595

to go off1600

to put off1600

shog1600

troop1600

to forsake patch1602

exit1607

hence1614

to give offa1616

to take off1657

to move off1692

to cut (also slip) the painter1699

sheera1704

to go about one's business1749

mizzle1772

to move out1792

transit1797–1803

stump it1803

to run away1809

quit1811

to clear off1816

to clear out1816

nash1819

fuff1822

to make (take) tracks (for)1824

mosey1829

slope1830

to tail out1830

to walk one's chalks1835

to take away1838

shove1844

trot1847

fade1848

evacuate1849

shag1851

to get up and get1854

to pull out1855

to cut (the) cable(s)1859

to light out1859

to pick up1872

to sling one's Daniel or hook1873

to sling (also take) one's hook1874

smoke1893

screw1896

shoot1897

voetsak1897

to tootle off1902

to ship out1908

to take a (run-out, walk-out, etc.) powder1909

to push off1918

to bugger off1922

biff1923

to fuck off1929

to hit, split or take the breeze1931

to jack off1931

to piss offa1935

to do a mick1937

to take a walk1937

to head off1941

to take a hike1944

moulder1945

to chuff off1947

to get lost1947

to shoot through1947

skidoo1949

to sod off1950

peel1951

bug1952

split1954

poop1961

mugger1962

frig1965

society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)]

to come awayeOE

wendeOE

i-wite971

ashakec975

shakeOE

to go awayOE

witea1000

afareOE

agoOE

awayOE

dealc1000

goOE

awendOE

rimeOE

to go one's wayOE

flitc1175

depart?c1225

partc1230

to-partc1275

atwitea1325

withdrawa1325

to turn one's (also the) backc1330

lenda1350

begonec1370

remuea1375

removec1380

to long awaya1382

twinc1386

to pass one's wayc1390

trussc1390

to turn awaya1400

returnc1405

to be gonea1425

recede1450

roomc1450

to come offc1475

to take one's licence1475

issue1484

walka1500

to go adieua1522

pikea1529

avaunt1549

trudge1562

vade?1570

discoast1571

leave1593

wag1594

to go off1600

troop1600

hence1614

to set on one's foota1616

to pull up one's stumps1647

quit1811

to clear out1816

slope1830

to walk one's chalks1835

shove1844

to roll out1850

to pull out1855

to light out1859

to take a run-out powder1909

to push off (also along)1923

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (reflexive)]

fersec1000

teec1275

voida1387

withdraw1390

takea1393

avoida1400

devoida1400

shifta1400

avyec1440

trussa1450

deferc1480

remove1530

convey1535

subtractc1540

subduce1542

retire?1548

substract1549

room1566

to take off1620

to make oneself scarce1809

society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (reflexive)]

teec1275

remuea1375

avoida1400

avyec1440

trussa1450

remove1530

shank1816

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 388 (MED) Er y remuvie me of þys place, þat soþe þou schalt me telle.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 116 Þe mone makeþ a man vnstable and chaungeable and removinge aboute [L. discurrentem] fro place to place.

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 497 Remoeued [v.r. remeeued] they neuere out of the hous Whil they sawe al this sighte merueillous.

c1460 Abraham & Isaac in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Fragm. (1970) 36 (MED) I charge you þat ye abide here in deede And þat ye remeve not from þis stede.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 315 Wallace off France a gudly leiff can tak. The kyng..Gret langour tuk quhen Wallace can ramuff.

a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 3015 (MED) The remenaunte remevid bak anon, And as thei fled..Come Ermones.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 685/1 I remeve my selfe out of the place I am in.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 378 From thence they remoued to Saint Albons, and came thether on Christmas Euen.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xv. 16 [He] remooued..to assiege the castle of Tripoli.

1629 J. Cole Of Death 51 Hee would rather chuse to stay here, and live in the same [earthly pleasures], then remove to enjoy the heavenly.

1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing 198 He said, he'd remove into another room.

1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 28 He..begs a Certificate, when he removes from the Ship.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. ii. 178 All soldiers quartered in the place are to remove..and not to return till one day after the poll is ended.

1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. xii. 243 Merlin and his assistants, had begun to remove from the crowded hall, when Leicester..felt himself pulled by the cloak.

1850 J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. at Stint In coal mines, a measure of work two yards long by one broad, which each miner clears before he removes to another place.

1980 E. Leather Duveen Let. i. 13 The Welsh terrier removed himself from the tapestry-covered Gainsborough chair.

1999 R. Maxwell Queen's Bastard 227 I reload my pistols but never have time to remove to the front line, for now the enemy cavalry is upon us.

b. intransitive. To change one's place of residence or work; to move to a new town, country, etc.; = move v. 18a. Usually with from, to. Also occasionally transitive (now English regional (Yorkshire)). Now somewhat archaic.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (intransitive)] > change residence

remove1388

flit1504

shift1530

to pull up stakes1703

movea1707

emigrate1841

uproota1961

to pick up stakes1974

1388 in W. Fraser Douglas Bk. (1885) III. 33 Qwhen that hir likys to remofe, so sal haf fre issov and leif to pas at hir wil.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 171 Þe kyng went and remeued to Reymes, and dwelled þere onto Seynt Gregory day.

c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) iii. 301 (MED) Þer is..A new þing þat noyeth nedy men and oþer: Whanne realles remeveth and ridith þoru tounes And carieth ouere contre.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 685/1 I remeve, as an armye or the trayne of a prince or gret man removeth from one place to an other.

1633 J. Ford Broken Heart ii. i. sig. D1 This house me thinkes stands somewhat too much inward;..wee'll remoue Nearer the Court.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 51 Proserpine..importun'd by Ceres to remove, Prefers the Fields below to those above.

1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 6 This Frenchman..was one who having liv'd in Long-Acre..had removed for fear of the Distemper.

1775 W. Mason Mem. in T. Gray Poems 3 From thence he removed to St. Peter's College, Cambridge, where he was admitted a pensioner in the year 1734.

1806 Churchman's Mag. Dec. 469 After continuing here in the ministry about six years, he resigned his charge of the parish, and removed to Rye.

1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) II. xxi. 252 Newton received this letter when he was removing from Jermyn Street to Chelsea.

1876 J. G. Holland Story of Sevenoaks (new ed.) xi. 151 [He] is about to remove his residence from among us.

1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 103/2 ‘Ti remmon hoos’—to change residences.

1934 W. W. Gill Manx Dial. i. 7 He removed to the United States in early manhood, and died in Brooklyn in 1926.

1992 Jrnl. N.Z. Lit. 10 53 Wright removed to a Crown Lease in the Baton Valley near Nelson, and constructed a cabin for himself.

†c. transitive. To go away from (a place or position); to leave. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1450 (c1400) Julian of Norwich Revelations Divine Love: Shorter Version (1978) 73 (MED) The place that Ihesu takes in oure saule he schalle neuer remove it withowtyn ende.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7514 Ane [sc. a bishop], Þe whilk by symony þe se gat; With in sex moneths remoued he þat; Sexhelmus was his name.

a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 3223 (MED) Too all his ost he gave A speciall charge..They shuld remeve that place ij myle large And ther to geder abide.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 410 (MED) Thei smote on hem so harde that thei made hem remeve place [Fr. remuer de la plache].

1640 in L. B. Taylor Aberdeen Council Lett. (1950) II. 221 The maist pairt..will..remove the toune.

1672 Kirkcudbright Town Council Rec. 17 Sept. That he sould not depairt or remove this burghe.

d. intransitive. Of things: to move off, away, or to another location; to go from a place; to depart, to disappear. Frequently poetic. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > go or move away specifically of things

forgoc950

worthOE

atgoc1175

alithec1275

withdraw1297

lenda1350

withgoa1400

to go farewellc1400

voidc1400

startc1405

overdrawa1450

recedec1450

sinkc1450

remove1481

regress1552

to-gang1596

elongate1646

abscede1650

discede1650

to take a walk1871

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. vi. 29 There cheualrye contynued long, And frothens after it remeuid in to Fraunce.

c1500 (?a1437) Kingis Quair (1939) clxxxviii (MED) The goddis mercifull wirking..has my hert for evir sett abufe In perfyte joy, that nevir may remufe.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. liv. B The mountaynes shall remoue, & the hilles shal fall downe.

c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme lii. 35 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 52 My trust on his true loue Truly attending, Shall neuer thence remoue.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. iii. 3 Till Byrnane wood remoue to Dunsinane, I cannot taint with Feare.

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. ii. §17 Those particles will necessarily remove into that empty space.

1709 A. Pope Autumn in Poet. Misc.: 6th Pt. vi. 740 Ye Trees that fade when Autumn-Heats remove.

1748 tr. Vegetius Of Distempers Horses 12 This Ailment, because it is erratick, all of a sudden removes to the other foot.

?1792 R. Burns Posie in Scots Musical Museum IV. 386 I'll swear..That to my latest draught o' life the band shall ne'er remuve.

1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 174 And sigh That truth from that Heaven should ever remove.

1896 A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad xxxvi. 52 But ere the circle homeward hies Far, far must it remove.

1939 W. B. Scott Some Memories of Palaeontologist iii. 27 I went to ‘Edgehill’, an excellent school, but..that was its last year in Princeton, as it removed to Merchantsville, N.J.

2. transitive. Of a person: to set aside (a feeling, thought, etc.).Now merging with senses 4a, 6b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)]

to let awaya1000

forcast?c1225

to lay downc1275

forthrow1340

flita1375

removea1382

to cast away1382

understrewc1384

castc1390

to lay awaya1400

to lay asidec1440

slingc1440

warpiss1444

to lay from, offc1480

way-put1496

depose1526

to lay apart1526

to put off1526

to set apart1530

to turn up1541

abandonate?1561

devest1566

dispatch1569

decarta1572

discard1578

to make away1580

to fling away1587

to cast off1597

doff1599

cashier1603

to set by1603

moult1604

excuss1607

retorta1616

divest1639

deposit1646

disentail1667

dismiss1675

slough1845

shed1856

jettison1869

shake1872

offload1900

junk1911

dump1919

sluff1934

bin1940

to put down1944

shitcan1973

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. iv. 24 Remoue [L. remove] fro thee a shreudemouþth; and bacbitende lippis be thei ferr fro thee.

c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 106 (MED) It is impossible to remofe ill thoghts fro þe with other mens prayers.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Eccl. xii. 1 Put away displeasure out of thy hert, & remoue euell from thy body.

1694 E. Phillips tr. J. Milton Lett. of State 67 For more ample and accumulative satisfaction, and to remove all scruples from your Excellency.

1703 Earl of Orrery As you find It iii. i You had best remove this Scruple quickly.

1739 D. Bellamy Vanquish'd Love ii. i. 17 Henceforth I'll from my Heart all Doubts remove, And think myself more happy in thy Love, Than Juno in the soft Embrace of Jove .

1972 J. Knappert Choice of Flowers 141 My beloved... Remove all doubt, do not change your mind. I shall be cured at once, when I see you.

2008 Herald Sun (Austral.) (Nexis) 17 Sept. 97 As much as you tell yourself not to worry about the next week, it is hard to remove the thought from your mind that a win will put you into the biggest game of your life.

a. transitive. To put (a person) out of an office or position; to dismiss; to bring about a dismissal. Also: to transfer (a person) to a new office, position, etc. (now rare). Also with from, out of.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > removal from office or authority > remove from office or authority [verb (transitive)]

outOE

deposec1300

remuec1325

to put out1344

to set downc1369

deprivec1374

outputa1382

removea1382

to throw outa1382

to put downc1384

privea1387

to set adowna1387

to put out of ——?a1400

amovec1425

disappoint1434

unmakec1475

dismiss1477

dispoint1483

voidc1503

to set or put beside (or besides) the cushion1546

relieve1549

cass1550

displace1553

unauthorize1554

to wring out1560

seclude1572

eject1576

dispost1577

decass1579

overboard1585

cast1587

sequester1587

to put to grass1589

cashier1592

discompose1599

abdicate1610

unseat1611

dismount1612

disoffice1627

to take off1642

unchair1645

destitute1653

lift1659

resign1674

quietus1688

superannuate1692

derange1796

shelve1812

shelf1819

Stellenbosch1900

defenestrate1917

axe1922

retire1961

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 3 Kings xx. 24 Remoeue [L. amove] alle þe kyngis fro þyn host & put princis for hem.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) 3 Kings xv. 13 He remouyde [a1425 E.V. putte awey; L. amovit] Maacha..that sche schulde not be princesse in the solempne thingis.

a1443 Chancery Proc. Ser. C1 File 9 No. 385 (MED) The Cors of the Citee was sued vnto your gracious lordship to haue writtes..to remeve the seide John Hauke owte of that office and..anoder honest person in his place put.

c1503 tr. Charter of London in R. Arnold Chron. f. xij^v/1 The aldermen of the forsayd cite that eueri yere they ben remeued..and that they so remeued be not chosen ayen the nex yere.

1520 Chron. Eng. iii. f. 20^v/2 The Trybunes were remeved every yere.

1553 S. Cabot in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 260 And the person so remooued not to bee..accepted..from the time of his remooue, any more for an officer.

c1600 in Balfour's Practicks (1754) 43 The lordis of counsall may remove..ballie or officiar within burgh and charge the remanent magistratis..to cheis ane uther in his place.

1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. ii. 52 By vertue of these Articles enacted thus in Parliament, those Lords not only removed old Sherifes of Counties appointed by the King, and put in new of their owne chusing, [etc.].

1710 D. Defoe Ess. Public Credit 22 Not only punish the Offender, but prevent the Offence, by removing such Officer, and supplying his Place with others.

1751 Affecting Narr. H.M.S. Wager 11 His Request being comply'd with, occasioned some Removes: For..our Captain, Kidd, was remov'd to the Pearl.

1775 E. Burke Speech Resol. for Concil. Colonies 50 That the said Chief Justice and other Judges..shall hold his and their office..and shall not be removed therefrom, but when [etc.].

1817 S. T. Coleridge Let. to J. Murray in Lett. (1895) 667 Mr. Dibdin..was likewise removed from the stage-managership.

1831 E. Baldwin Ann. Yale Coll. 85 He..settled in the ministry, at Windham,..from whence he was removed, fourteen years after, to the Rectorate of the College.

1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (1896) I. xii. 511 (note) None of the sheriffs now removed were employed again.

1916 D. Haig Diary 16 Oct. in War Diaries & Lett. 1914–18 (2005) 241 Sir F. E. Smith and others have banded themselves together with the object of having me removed from the Command of the Armies in France.

1975 Harper's Mag. Sept. 28/2 At Congressional hearings..it was revealed that..Simon had repeatedly..been urged to remove Bowen.

2009 Herald Sun (Austral.) (Nexis) 15 Jan. (Extrahit section) 35 Even after the priest responds with an acceptable explanation to the accusations,..the nun intensifies her resolve to have her rival removed.

b. transitive. To make (a person) leave a place; to compel (a person or a people) by law to move to another place; (South African) to compel (a person or community) to move from their place of residence, esp. to an ethnically homogeneous rural settlement (now historical). Also with from.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > send away or dismiss > peremptorily

removec1384

exilea1393

banishc1450

ablegate1621

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. xiii. 56 Hym remoued awey [L. amoto eo], he comaundide the tother for to cum.

a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 401 Ȝif..þou have a wickide servaunt þat turneþ þee to coveitise, putte him out of his office and remeeve him fer awey.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. 329 (MED) William Neeth..promysede to brynge an hoste of Scottes to remove hym from that sege.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) ii. l. 1416 Of neid þaim behuffit To be banyst and ramowyt Fra þar gud, þar kyn, þar kytht.

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxv. sig. C2 Then happy I that loue and am beloued Where I may not remoue nor be remoued.

1666 Proc. Upper House 20 Apr. in W. H. Browne Arch. Maryland (1884) II. 26 The sd Indians shall not be forced or removed from the sd places..vnles the nacõn or nacons..shall signify their willingnes to be removed.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 96 To remove him I decree, And send him from the Garden.

1753 R. North Disc. Poor 41 No Person was ever removed out of the Town, that desired to live there.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (1809) I. xvi. 459 The bastard shall..be settled in the parish, from whence she [sc. the mother] was illegally removed.

1816 W. Scott Old Mortality ix, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. IV. 184 All Jenny's efforts to remove him from the garden served only to root him in it.

1899 J. P. Fitzpatrick Transvaal from Within 102 No sooner had they located their tribe..than an official came down to them..and removed all except the five [families] allowed by law and distributed them among his friends and relations.

1920 Amer. Woman Aug. 12/3 The police enter and arrest Harberton... They are about to remove him when another man enters and confesses that he has taken the money.

1972 Listener 21 Dec. 857/3 In 1830 Andrew Jackson..[ordered] that all the Indian tribes..be removed to the west of the Mississippi..to the ‘Siberia’ of the Far West.

1990 Weekly Mail 8 Feb. 12 The Tsitsikamma land from which the Mfengu were removed at gunpoint in 1977 may soon be on the market again.

2009 Worcester News (Nexis) 28 Jan. We have obtained a possession order from the courts to remove the travellers from the land.

c. transitive. Chiefly Scottish. To compel (a tenant) to quit a house or holding. Also intransitive: (of a tenant) to quit a house or holding on notice from a landlord when the lease expires.

ΚΠ

1542 in D. H. Fleming Registrum Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1921) II. 733/2 The tenentis..to remove and output, and utheris in thair placis to imput.

1555 Sc. Acts Mary (1814) II. 494/1 The warning of all tennentis and vtheris to flit and remoue fra landis mylnis fischingis and possessiouns quhatsumeuer.

1581 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1880) 1st Ser. III. 396 Thay on nawyse suld..molest, rais or remove any of the auld tennentis.

1756 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1790) 503 Where the tenant hath not obliged himself to remove without warning.

1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. to Henry VII I. App. i. 97 The socmen, who were tenants that could not be removed at pleasure.

a1768 J. Erskine Inst. Law Scotl. (1773) I. ii. vi. §49 273 Warning must be used in order to remove a tenant in a common lease.

1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl. 848 The tenant is..entitled to continue his possession.., until legally removed by the landlord.

1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xxvi Ye'll tak' notice't ye've been regular summons't i' the presence o' a lethal wutness, Peter McCabe, to remuv at the proper time.

1931 Encycl. Laws Sc. XII. 446 Removing is the process by which a tenant of heritable subjects whose right of occupation has come to an end is judicially warned to remove from the subjects.

a. transitive. To move or take (a person or a thing) away, to withdraw. Also: to set at a distance; to make remote in space, time, or relationship; to keep apart or separate (see removed adj. 1). Chiefly with from.In quot. 1633: †to separate (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > distance or farness > be far from [verb (transitive)] > put at or remove to a distance

farOE

fersec1000

far-casta1340

removec1384

proloynec1425

prolong1440

purloin1461

elong1477

enstrange1483

eloin1535

elongatec1540

distance1578

discoast1583

eloinate1642

outpost1864

distantiate1924

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Macc. vi. 16 He neuer remoueth [L. amovet] his mercy fro vs.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) iii. l. 769 He..hym ramowit þan in hy, And agane hayme in Medy.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. xlix. B The cepter shal not be remoued from Iuda..tyll the Worthye come.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xc So were the warders remoued from the gates the same daye.

1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island iv. xi. 40 A border-citie these two coasts removing.

1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God 132 The Apostle,..to create in us Apprehensions, underogatory from what we shall possesse,..removes our thoughts from all we Do Enjoy.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 119 God to remove his wayes from human sense, Plac'd Heav'n from Earth so farr.

1673 J. Milton Psalm LXXXVIII in Poems (new ed.) 165 Lover and friend thou hast remov'd And sever'd from me far.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 55 Jove..Remov'd from Humane reach the chearful Fire.

1729 W. Law Serious Call xv. 273 We can..remove our selves from objects that inflame our passions.

1778 Hist. Eliza Warwick II. 101 He could not remove his eyes from my face.

1808 E. Hamilton Cottagers of Glenburnie xi. 238 She was anxious to have Robert removed from the dark and airless passage in which he lay.

1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (ed. 2) iv. i. 463 The Epicureans removed their gods far above the care and supervision of human affairs.

1855 Harper's Mag. Oct. 684/1 The new piece was coldly received... Poirson was disheartened, and removed the play from the bills.

1901 E. R. Lankester in Trans. Linn. Soc.: Zool. 8 165 Æluropus must be removed from association with the Bears..and is no longer to be spoken of as ‘the Parti-coloured Bear’, but as ‘the Great Panda’.

1937 Taranaki Daily News (New Plymouth, N.Z.) 26 Feb. 6 Three cars had been removed from where they had stranded.

1954 W. Lewis Self Condemned ii. xx. 274 It was the splintering and the crash of wood..which removed these sounds at last from the supernatural, and confined them firmly to the natural order.

1980 R. W. Clark Freud (1982) viii. 172 Modern thought tends to remove Freud's famous complex from the centre of psychoanalysis.

1992 N.Y. Times Mag. 14 June 14/1 ‘Dear,’ she murmured, removing..her intense blue gaze from her tract.

b. transitive. To move (something) from or out of the space that it occupies; to push aside; to take or lift off (something which is attached, an article of clothing, etc.); to detach.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)]

stira1000

unsheathec1374

removea1398

shifta1400

disroom1489

supplant1534

unplacec1550

displace1552

unperch1578

dislodge1579

unsiege1594

disnest1596

unroost1598

unset1602

unseat1611

dis-element1612

dishabita1616

dislocate1623

disroota1625

disseata1625

rede1638

discardinate1648

disturb1664

disblock1665

start1676

uproot1695

disrest1696

disconcert1744

disannul1794

deplace1839

delocalize1855

disembed1885

disniche1889

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. x. iv. 557 Fire is in alle þingis..and is nat remeved [L. non remouetur] out of alle þingis; but he is priuey and hidde, vnknowe.

a1450 York Plays (1885) 199 (MED) This stone we schall full sone Remove and sette on syde.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 317 (MED) Which shall of vs systers thre remefe the stone?

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 685/1 Remeve this thynges out of the waye.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Job vi. 17 When they be set on fyre, they shalbe remoued out of their place.

1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. ⁋5 Translation it is..that remooueth the couer of the well, that wee may come by the water.

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. vi. 65 On the other Edge make a Line of Equal Parts, with an Ear in like manner to remove at pleasure.

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 341 A Spring in the Tympan removes the Paper in this interval of Time.

1716 R. Williamson To Lords Commissioners Admiralty 8 The upper Timber being removed, the lower Part..proved very Bad.

1762 J. Mills New Syst. Pract. Husbandry I. 39 When the upper crust of the earth is removed, all that can be seen, or dug, is marle.

1791 T. Quayle Let. June in Mariner's Mirror (1968) 54 301 There's a Parcel of Gimcrackery at the Top [of the windlass],..little Brass things... These you remove before the Resuction goes forward.

1831 W. Youatt Horse xvii. 313 The shoe having been removed, the smith proceeds to rasp the edges of the crust.

1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) ii. 12 ‘What's that?’ he inquired, as the waiter removed one of the covers.

1875 Every-day Facts for Every-day Life 171 Pare off the white part of the lemon, cut the pulp into thin slices, remove the seeds, and spread this over the currants.

1922 D. H. Lawrence England my England 240 He removed her saturated, earthy-smelling clothing.

1975 E. Gilbert Your Style 35/2 Use a cleansing milk to remove make-up, and only use soap and water occasionally.

2005 Independent 19 Feb. (Mag.) 41/4 Remove the lid and continue to cook for another 15–20 minutes.

c. transitive. To move or take (something) away from a place.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)]

leaveeOE

beleavea1250

devoidc1325

voidc1330

roomc1400

wagc1400

departa1425

refusea1425

avoid1447

ishc1450

remove1459

absent1488

part1496

refrain1534

to turn the backc1540

quita1568

apart1574

shrink1594

to fall from ——1600

to draw away1616

to go off ——a1630

shifta1642

untenant1795

evacuate1809

exit1830

stash1888

split1956

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away

ateec885

withbreidec890

animOE

overbearOE

to do awayOE

flitc1175

reavec1175

takec1175

to have away?a1300

to draw awayc1300

weve13..

to wend awaya1325

withdrawa1325

remuec1325

to carry away1363

to take away1372

waive1377

to long awaya1382

oftakec1390

to draw offa1398

to do froa1400

forflitc1420

amove?a1425

to carry out?a1425

surtrayc1440

surtretec1440

twistc1440

abstract1449

ostea1450

remove1459

ablatea1475

araisea1475

redd1479

dismove1480

diminish?1504

convey1530

alienate1534

retire1536

dimove1540

reversec1540

subtractc1540

submove1542

sublate1548

pare1549

to pull in1549

exempt1553

to shift off1567

retract?1570

renversec1586

aufer1587

to lay offa1593

rear1596

retrench1596

unhearse1596

exemea1600

remote1600

to set off1600

subduct1614

rob1627

extraneize1653

to bring off1656

to pull back1656

draft1742

extract1804

reef1901

the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > convey or transport > off or away

atbearOE

reavec1175

heavea1240

ravishc1330

reachc1330

outbeara1400

trussa1400

remove1459

withberec1500

rapt1571

rear1596

rap1599

to carry off1684

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > keep apart

loina1450

remove1459

1459 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 227 Yat thai delyvere un to George Chaworth..alle his stuff yat he hath at Alfreton,..he to remeve them at his awne wille.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. ii. 12 The rascal hath remooued my horse, and tied him I knowe not where.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iii. i. 11 I must remoue Some thousands of these Logs, and pile them vp, Vpon a sore iniunction.

1679 W. Bedloe Narr. Horrid Popish Plot 15 Removing some Baggs of Hopps.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 268. ⁋2 I very civilly requested him to remove his Hand.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. vi. 195 Mr. Brett had hitherto gone on in collecting and removing the treasure without interruption.

1802 Times 5 Apr. 2/3 All the stone bridges and ferryboats are to be demolished or removed, and replaced by flying bridges, ‘ponts volants’.

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 699 See that all the pigs are safe, and..remove any one immediately that..may have died in the pigging.

1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 9 Oct. 11/1 The quitting tenant is forbidden to remove..trees and bushes.

1906 N.Y. Times 26 May 5/1 The refuse collectors would not remove unsorted rubbish.

1968 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 123/2 Periodic freezing and thawing of the constantly moistened ground around and beneath it leads to the breakup of the rock particles which are then removed by meltwaters.

1998 Entertainm. Weekly 10 July 79 He intended to remove the firing pistols in the final version.

d. transitive. To put (a person) out of the way by killing them or arranging their death; to take away the life of (a person); to murder, to assassinate. euphemistic in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > persons

withdrawa1450

remove1609

unstation1840

to opt out1986

the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > murder or assassination > murder or assassinate [verb (transitive)]

amurderOE

murderc1175

homicidec1470

murdresc1480

murtrish1490

manquell1548

slaughter1582

massacre1591

assassinate1600

remove1609

assassin1620

to do the business for a person1759

Septembrize1794

croak1823

square1888

shift1898

to take out1900

to bump off1907

bump1914

to do in1914

to put out1917

to knock off1919

terminate1920

to give (a person) the works1929

scrag1930

snuff1932

wash1941

waste1964

wipe1968

to terminate with extreme prejudice1969

neutralize1970

snuff1973

stiff1974

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 131 In the high tops whereof were balists fitly placed, which removed [L. disiectabant] the defendants that kept lower.

1639 T. May Julia Agrippina iii. 78 First Britannicus Must bee remov'd; his death assures my state.

1655–6 T. Ross in Cal. State Papers, Domest. (1882) 196 I cannot divine how, except by removing Cromwell, to which one of them had specially devoted himself.

1706 D. Craufurd Mem. Affairs Scot. 8 The only way to retrieve and secure his Honour, was to remove the encroaching Villain.

1865 F. Jacox in Bentley's Misc. 57 415 Agamemmnon, king of men, removed by murder most foul and most unnatural.

1889 Times (Weekly ed.) 31 May 6/2 An elaborate article to-day, declares that Dr. Cronin was ‘removed’ by the Clan-na-Gael after trial and conviction.

1930 Observer 19 Oct. 17 The recent attempt to murder him..was not due to..the impulse to remove rivals or ‘squeakers’.

2007 El Paso (Texas) Times (Nexis) 1 Sept. [The book] delves into the..slayings of African-Americans. The Mexican Mafia supposedly ordered its gangs to remove blacks from certain Los Angeles neighborhoods.

e. transitive. Chiefly poetic. Of death, god, etc.: to take (a person's life) away; to take (a person) from the world. Also intransitive: (of a person) to die.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > [verb (passive)]

miscarryc1440

to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480

snatch1597

remove1832

take1920

a1627 T. Middleton Women beware Women v. ii, in 2 New Playes (1657) 197 This my gladness is, that I remove, Tasting the same death in a cup of love.

1646 E. Buckler Midnights Medit. of Death ii. ii. l. 59 There dwells a God above,..Who can and will send Death for to remove The greatest hence.

1742 T. Cooke Poems ii. 66 At the Demand of Nature all remove: Death heeds not Beauty, nor the Crys of Love.

1764 J. Grainger Sugar-cane ii. 79 He resolv'd..To pass the time, till death his sire remov'd.

1832 R. Southey Ess. I. 191 The latter was early removed from a world which his Talents..were..fitted to adorn.

a1889 W. Allingham Laurence Bloomfield (1890) ii. 16 Children he had, but death removed his sons.

1972 N. C. L. Madgett Pink Ladies in Afternoon 49 Where do you languish, with such suddenness Removed from us who loved you so?

f. transitive. Usually in passive, with by, with. Of a dish: to replace or follow another dish, esp. a soup; to serve as a remove (remove n. 5b). Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > serving food > removal of dishes > [verb (intransitive)] > be replaced (by next course)

remove1733

1733 V. La Chapelle Mod. Cook III. 156 These sorts of Entries generally serve to remove Soops.

1776 Lady A. Miller Lett. from Italy II. xxviii. 65 This soup was removed by a dish of broiled house-sparrows. Need I say we went to bed supperless?

1840 Lady C. M. C. Bury Hist. Flirt iv There was fish and soup, removed by boiled chickens and bacon.

1852 W. M. Thackeray Shabby-genteel Story iii Boiled haddock, removed by hashed mutton.

1948 G. Heyer Foundling i. 15 A tureen of turtle, removed with fish,..was in turn removed with a haunch of venison.

g. transitive. Cricket. To dismiss (a batter); to end (a batter's) innings.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > dismissal of batsman > put out [verb (transitive)]

to put out1735

take1828

to get out1833

remove1843

to send back1870

dismiss1875

out1899

get1901

1843 Times 3 Aug. 6/6 The match..between the ‘Gentlemen of England’ and the ‘Players of England’, was resumed..by Mr. Felix and Mr. Colson taking their places at the wicket. The latter was soon..removed by a ball from Lillywhite, which after having hit him on the leg, glanced against the wicket.

1969 Wisden Cricketers' Almanack (ed. 106) 300 Underwood..accounted for Redpath and Walters, each getting an inside edge to the ball that removed him.

1976 Eastern Evening News (Norwich) 22 Dec. 14/2 With the fourth ball of his second over Lever removed Venkataraghavan, the ball brushing the batsman's glove before passing through to wicketkeeper Alan Knott.

2008 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 13 Dec. (Sport section) 52 Tendulkar, the world's leading Test batsman, was removed by Andrew Flintoff with the first delivery of a new spell.

a. transitive. To transfer or move (a person or thing) from one place to another; to change the place or situation of something. Also intransitive. Frequently with from, to, etc.†Also: (of a person) to alter (one's position, a place, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > transference > [verb (intransitive)]

removea1387

the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)]

remuea1325

movea1382

translatea1382

transfer1382

transfigurec1384

removea1387

to turn overa1425

transume1483

to carry about1496

traduce1546

transplant1555

transact1621

transmigrate1635

hand1642

to make over1713

recover1719

to carry over1850

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (reflexive)] > to another place

removea1387

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > move

dislodge1477

raise1488

removea1513

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 449 (MED) At þe laste þe engynes were remeved [v.r. remeoved; L. admotis] toward þe temple.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) 2 Kings xx. 12 He remouyde [a1425 E.V. meuede a wey; L. amovit] Amasa fro the weie in to the feeld.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ii. 177 (MED) Letuce is to be sette in Ianyueer Or December, the plantes to remeue [v.r. to remeeve; L. vt..transferatur] In ffeueryeer.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. clxxi. f. lxxxxviii Than he remeuyd his people and in sondry places faughte with the Danys.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xli^v Yf thou wylt remoue and set trees: get as many rotes with them as thou can.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 3113 Ho..beckonet hym boldly..his place to Remeve.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxv He politiquely..determined in great haste to remoue his whole army.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cccj You ought not to haue remoued or chaunged the place, without the consent of the Emperour.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iii. ii. 234 Their tents, which with themselues, their flockes, and substance, they remoued vp and downe from place to place.

1618 W. Lawson New Orchard & Garden vii. 19 The onely best way..to haue sure and lasting Sets, is neuer to remooue: for euery remooue is an hinderance.

1662 S. Pepys Diary 8 Feb. (1970) III. 25 All the morning..with the Colliers, removing the Coles out of the old coal-hole into the new one.

1703 Moxon's Mech. Dyalling (ed. 4) in Moxon's Mech. Exercises (new ed.) 343 Then removing the string the space of 15 degrees in the Quadrant.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 95 To remove my Tent from the Place where it stood, which was just under the hanging Precipice of the Hill.

1765 Museum Rusticum 4 170 This row being thus planted, the line was removed two feet forwards.

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 178 Remove the needle from the situation P to the situation R.

1852 J. Capper in Househ. Words 4 Dec. 308/1 From the cutting-up room the cloth was removed to the preparing room.

1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 456/2 (advt.) [The doctor] said he must be removed to the hospital, have his leg opened and the bone bored, to allow the discharge of matter there collected.

1913 Asian Music 2 18 This is one of the few times of the year when the deity is removed from the dark inner sanctum of the temple and taken before the people.

1953 A. G. E. Pearse Histochem. 403 After cutting a section, the glass is swung back on a hinge and the section removed to a cold albuminized slide with forceps.

2003 A. Jamieson in P. L. Griset & S. Mahan Terrorism in Persp. 188/1 A seventeen year old girl from a Mafia family..decided to turn state's witness..and was removed to a safe house.

b. transitive. Law. To transfer (a matter, case, person, etc.) for trial from one court of law to another. Usually with into, to. Also intransitive.†Formerly also reflexive (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [verb (transitive)] > remove to another court or judge

remit?a1425

repledgec1430

remove1450

remand1514

1450 J. Fastolf in Paston Lett. & Papers (2005) III. 85 Lumnour delyuered a wryt of cerciorare vnto Heydon to remeoffe the said amerciementes, and as I was enformed he said he wold obbey it, and now hys officers doth the contrarie.

1507 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 394 Writes of privelage to remowe ple othir ples owte of the cowrt of the citte.

c1523 J. Rastell Expos. Terminorum Legum Anglorum sig. F.3^v Procedendo is a writ & it lyeth wher any accion is sewed in a base court which is remouyd to a hye court.

?1530 T. Phaer tr. Natura Breuium f. 7 And it was said that yf one plea be remoued out of ye court of one lord for one cause the cause is trauersable but of one pleynt out of the countye otherways is.

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ll1 Habeas Corpus, A writ, the which a man..may haue out of the kings bench, thereby to remooue himselfe thither..and to answer the cause there.

1627 T. Powell (title) The attornies almanacke. Provided..for..all such as shall haue occasion to remoue any person, cause or record, from an inferiour court to any the higher courts at Westminster.

1648 J. March Reports 46 After the Plaint was removed into this Court by a Recordari, and after Verdict given, it was moved in arrest of Judgment.

1700 Law Ejectm. i. 12 Ejectione Firme was brought in the City and County of Canterbury, and removed into the King's Bench by Habeas Corpus.

1808 New & Compl. Amer. Encycl. IV. 249/2 Habeas Corpus..is a writ, the which a man indicted of some trespass, being laid in prison, may have out of the King's Bench, thereby to remove himself thither at his own costs, and to answer the cause there.

1875 Rep. Supreme Court Wisconsin 36 563 Any cause or matter in the county court may be removed to the circuit court in case the county court judge shall be interested.

1917 Virginia Law Reg. 3 2 In many..cases warrants have been removed in order to delay justice rather than aid it.

1965 Times 17 July 10/6 An application for leave to apply for an order of certiorari to remove into the High Court and quash the inquiry..was abandoned.

1999 Providence (Rhode Island) Jrnl.-Bull. (Nexis) 31 Oct. 1 a Some [cases] were removed to a higher court by the state attorney general's office, because the defendant was a probation or parole violator.

†c. intransitive. Chess. = move v. 15. Also transitive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [verb (transitive)] > move

play1562

remove1562

1562 tr. Damiano da Odemira Pleasaunt Playe of Cheasts sig. Av^v Their office is not to remoue but in necessitie, and chiefelye for the succoure of theyr kynge.

1562 tr. Damiano da Odemira Pleasaunt Playe of Cheasts sig. Bij Oftentymes the game is lost by remouinge the Rookes Paune or Knyghtes Paune one roume.

1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (ed. 2) 201 I gat sik chek Quhilk I micht nocht remuif nor nek Bot eyther stail or mait.

1614 A. Saul Famous Game Chesse-play v. sig. B7 So long as the checked King can couer the checke giuen him, and not remoue to auoyd the checke, nor hath not moued before vpon no occasion he hath still the benefit of exchanging with any of his Dukes.

1656 F. Beale tr. G. Greco Royall Game Chesse-play 8 The King removeth but one house at a time.

1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester v. 72 Suppose you play with the Whitemen, he removes first his Kings Pawn a double draught forward, [etc.].

a. transitive. To raise (a siege). See raise v.¹ 31. Also figurative. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > besiege or blockade [verb (transitive)] > abandon (siege)

removea1387

skailc1425

raise1477

society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > besiege or blockade [verb (transitive)] > abandon (siege) > raise (siege)

removea1387

remue?a1400

raise1490

to take up1490

araisea1500

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 329 (MED) William de Reeth..behiȝt þe kyng þat he wolde..brynge þe oost of Scottes to fiȝte wiþ hym and to remeve [L. removendam] þe seege.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xii. 409 (MED) Eualach wolde for Ony thinge That Sege Remeven ȝif he myhte.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 157 Þe king..fond many Scottis þat come to remeue þe sege of Berwik.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxxxv. 257 This same yere the king with a grete host entred the see to remeue the sege of rochel.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xv. 16 They resolued to remoue their siege, and to imbarke themselues with their ordinance.

1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. D6 Let vs..hasten to remooue Damascus siege.

1640 J. Yorke Union of Honour 245 He was sent..to remove the siege of the City of Rochel in France.

1679 J. Banks Destr. Troy v. i. 60 The Grecians have remov'd their Ten Years Siege.

1758 D. Garrick Gamesters ii. 20 No talk now of wife's consent, I'll not remove my siege.

1884 ‘M. Field’ Fair Rosamond ii. viii, in Callirrhöe 199 Only remove the siege Of your eyes from off my soul.

2006 R. Arav in J. H. Charlesworth Jesus & Archaeol. 148 The Israelite king discerned the message and removed the siege from Jerusalem.

b. transitive. To eliminate or alleviate (a quality, condition, etc., that is harmful, unpleasant, or undesirable); to relieve (an illness, a symptom, etc.); to cancel or lift (a restriction, a tax, etc.); to get rid of; to put an end to, to stop. Also with from.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to cease or put a stop to

astintc700

stathea1200

atstuntc1220

to put an end toa1300

to set end ofa1300

batec1300

stanch1338

stinta1350

to put awayc1350

arrestc1374

finisha1375

terminec1390

achievea1393

cease1393

removec1405

terminate?a1425

stop1426

surceasec1435

resta1450

discontinue1474

adetermine1483

blina1500

stay1525

abrogatea1529

suppressa1538

to set in or at stay1538

to make stay of1572

depart1579

check1581

intercept1581

to give a stop toa1586

dirempt1587

date1589

period1595

astayc1600

nip1600

to break off1607

snape1631

sist1635

to make (a) stop of1638

supersede1643

assopiatea1649

periodizea1657

unbusya1657

to put a stop to1679

to give the holla to1681

to run down1697

cessate1701

end1737

to choke off1818

stopper1821

punctuate1825

to put a stopper on1828

to take off ——1845

still1850

to put the lid on1873

on the fritz1900

to close down1903

to put the fritz on something1910

to put the bee on1918

switch1921

to blow the whistle on1934

the world > action or operation > easiness > find no difficulty in [verb (transitive)] > make easy or easier > disencumber or disburden > remove or discharge (a burden)

removec1405

unfraught1563

roll1593

depose1617

to take off a person's handsa1629

shrive1814

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §1039 A pitous wyl of herte..redresseth it in god and expresseth it by word outward to remoeuen [c1425 Petworth remooue, c1465 Christ Church Oxf. remoeue] harmes.

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) i. l. 691 For-þi wolde I fayn remeue Thy wrong conceyte.

a1500 in J. Raine Vol. Eng. Misc. N. Counties Eng. (1890) 59 (MED) No distreyn yt is made wt in ye sayd Burgage schall be remevyd wtowten ye libertye of ye sayd Burgage.

1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 74 Lord..Remufe fra me all frawardness.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. ii. 75 If hee haue neuer drunke wine afore, it will goe neere to remoue his Fit.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 290 When they see Law can discover sin, but not remove .

1681 Heraclitus Ridens 15 Nov. 2/2 I thought my Song might have removed your Grubs; but I see some marks still of melancholly upon you.

a1714 J. Sharp Serm. (1738) V. ix. 284 He is but half a Physician; he hath palliated our sores and diseases, but he hath not removed them.

1747 W. Gould Acct. Eng. Ants 56 A little Curiosity in Observation will easily remove so plain an Error.

1770 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. xxxix. 102 In the repeal of those acts..the parliament have done every thing, but remove the offence.

1822 Times 26 Mar. 3/5 At St. Helena, the embargo being removed (by the death of Buonaparte), all vessels put in there.

1834 Sporting Mag. 9 2nd Ser. 246/2 A slight shivering was soon removed by a goute of Cognac.

1854 Sci. Amer. 20 May 283/3 This invention consists in diminishing or removing the smell and color from the oily matters that are produced by the destructive distillation of resin.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vii. §6. 405 The death of Norfolk and Northumberland removed the dread of civil war.

1922 Gas Manuf., Distribution & Use (Brit. Commerc. Gas Assoc.) ii. 101/1 To remove this brittleness the metal is re-heated to a moderate temperature..and then allowed to cool slowly.

1953 Times 31 Oct. 5/6 Further..steps can be taken to remove quantitative restrictions on trade to achieve the abolition of such restrictions between member countries.

1998 Guardian 18 July (Saturday section) 3/2 The wingsail would remove all the fuss and bother of sailing, leaving the helmsman to steer the boat, like a driver in the car.

†c. transitive. To renounce or disallow (a practice, etc.); to reject or overturn (an opinion, an argument, etc.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > refutation, disproof > refute, disprove [verb (transitive)]

answerOE

bitavelena1225

allayc1275

confoundc1384

concludea1400

conclusea1400

forblenda1400

gainsaya1400

rejag1402

to bear downc1405

redarguea1425

repugn?a1425

reverse?c1430

improvec1443

reprovea1513

dissolve1529

revince1529

convince1530

confute1533

refel1534

refute1545

void1570

evict1583

infringe1590

reprehend1597

revert1598

evince1608

repel1613

to take off1618

unbubblea1640

invalid1643

invalidate1649

remove1652

retund1653

effronta1657

dispute1659

unreason1661

have1680

demolish1691

to blow sky-high1819

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 196 Crist in the same chapiter..removed pilgrimagis.

1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 168 Having thus refuted, or upon good ground removed som Opinions of antient Lawyers.

1798 J. Root Rep. Superior Court & Supreme Court of Errors 1 573 By the granting of a new trial at large, in a cause, the force and effect of the judgement, is entirely removed.

†7.

a. intransitive. To move slightly; to make a small movement; to stir. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > move [verb (intransitive)]

stira1000

icchec1175

wag?c1225

movea1325

routa1325

to-wawea1375

removea1400

sway?a1400

trotc1430

ayrec1440

quinch1511

walk1533

twitch1542

shift1595

jee1727

to get around1849

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 318 (MED) Þou schalt binde him in sich a maner þat þe rib þat is to-broke ne mowe not remoue ne falle doun aȝen.

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 37 (MED) There come a sodeine wynde that smote the ladi that she might not stere nor remeue more thanne a stone.

a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 2943 (MED) He..Rerys hym vpp & remevys in hys sete riche.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1928) xxiv. 108 These are the v. wyttes remeuynge [1517 remenynge, 1554 remouyng, 1555 remeuing] inwardlye.

c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1925) I. i. 2704 Gaudifere sat as man of mane That..remouit nocht for the dynt.

1601 R. Hakluyt tr. A. Galvano Discov. World 46 There is further a kinde of herbe there growing, which followeth the sunne, and remooveth after it.

b. intransitive. To change position; to move a short distance or in a certain direction. Also transitive (reflexive). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > bodily movement > move the body or a member [verb (intransitive)] > shift one's place or position

turnOE

remuea1393

removea1400

hitch1618

a1400 Prose Life Christ (Pepys) (1922) 67 (MED) Whan Jesus seiȝ þat, he remoeued hym and cleped hem to hym & badde hem þat hij schulden leten þe children comen to hym.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 1594 (MED) He vp-on his hors-bak Kepte hym so wel, for al þat fel stroke Remevinge nat.

c1470 tr. R. D'Argenteuil's French Bible (Cleveland) (1977) 79 (MED) The hede of this dragon turnid toward the cuntre and remeued him not tille themperoure had wonne the cuntre.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lv. 186 He remoued no more for the stroke then it had ben a strong walle.

1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 864 The lenth of ane rude braid he gart him remufe.

1595 V. Saviolo Practise H ij b Remoue with your right foot a little back toward his left side.

1711 E. Ward Life Don Quixote II. 156 Prithee remove a little wide, Some Paces from my Horse's Side.

1726 E. Ward News from Madrid 53 The Dev'l possess'd him so, As to remove him to and fro.

1751 E. Haywood Hist. Betsy Thoughtless IV. xxi. 264 Withdrawing herself from the hold he had taken of her, and removing a little farther on the bench as if to give him room to sit.

c. transitive. To move, to stir (a part of the body). Also occasionally intransitive (of a part of the body) to move, to stir. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > bodily movement > move (the body or a member) [verb (transitive)] > move (a member)

stir?c1225

wawc1290

remove1483

wag1596

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 262 b/2 Whan the tyraunte sawe that he remeuyd yet his lyppes..[he] smote hym wyth hys knyf to the herte.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccclxix. 606 The church that day was so full of noblenesse, that a man might nat a remoued his fete.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xxi. 58 b Pulling and remouing your ioyntes as before is said.

1619 E. Bert Approved Treat. Hawkes vii. 12 My Hawke should be made, leisurely, to remooue her feete one after another, forward and backeward.

1696 D. Manley Royal Mischief iii. i 21 Admiration here has Fixt my Feet unable to remove.

a. transitive. Usually with from, out of. To persuade (a person) to change a belief, not to pursue a particular course of action, etc.; to sway, to dissuade. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > demotivation > demotivate [verb (transitive)] > discourage

remove?a1425

discourage1437

revoke1447

disporta1450

to take offa1616

to work off1627

to put off1631

dishearten1634

disinvitea1641

to put or set (anyone) by1768

eyebrow1876

?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 100 A wille which is maad myȝti in þe blood of my sone..may no feend ne creature remoue, for ȝoure wille is ioyned to ȝou of me wiþ a free choys.

a1450 St. Katherine (Richardson 44) (1884) 58 (MED) Þe Tyraunt, hopynge to haue remoued somme of hem from her purpos by drede of peynes, bad þat þey scholde be peyned by dyuerse tormentes.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 184/2 He wold haue comen unto our presence but that hys conscyence hath remeuyd hym.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxxi. 314 They coude nat remoue him out of that purpose.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxiii All the tounes rounde about, wer permanent and stiffe on the parte of kyng Henry, and could not bee remoued.

1647 T. May Hist. Parl. i. viii. 94 But the King was hard to be removed from his resolution.

1654 tr. M. Martini Bellum Tartaricum 167 Nor would he ever be removed from this unhumane sentence.

1673 I. Basire Dead Mans Real Speech 85 For all those his Tryals, both at home and abroad, he was never moved, much less removed from his stedfast Belief.

1819 Jewish Expositor & Friend of Israel 4 283/2 Nothing..shall be able to separate me from him..who so kindly has pitied me, has removed me from my sinful ways, that he may lead me to heaven.

1850 A. M. Hall Pilgrimages Eng. Shrines 276 Hogarth maintained his opinion unflinchingly: he was not to be moved or removed from his resolve.

1912 J. Stephens Crock of Gold (1917) xv. 163 Although the others reasoned with him for a long time they could not..remove him from his purpose.

†b. transitive. Of a feeling, quality, etc.: to affect (the heart); to move (a person, a person's thoughts, etc.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)]

rineOE

afaite?c1225

stir?c1225

movea1325

amovec1380

inspire1390

commove1393

informa1398

toucha1400

embracec1430

rore1481

alter1529

to carry away?1529

raise1533

removea1540

heavec1540

affect?1548

carry1570

inmove1583

infecta1586

worka1616

unthaw1699

emove1835

emotionize1855

emotion1875

a1540 (c1460) G. Hay tr. Bk. King Alexander 3906 For ioy and sorrow baith his hart removit.

?1600 J. Lyly Loves Metamorphosis iv. ii Men, whose loues are built on truth, and whose hearts are remoued by curtesie.

1632 J. Vicars tr. Virgil XII Aeneids iv. 105 But none of all her treats or bitter teares Remove his thoughts.

†9. intransitive. To change in form or character; to alter, to shift; to transform into something else. Also transitive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > transform [verb (transitive)]

wendOE

forshapeOE

workOE

awendOE

makec1175

turna1200

forwenda1325

change1340

shape1362

transmewc1374

transposec1380

puta1382

convertc1384

exchangea1400

remue?a1400

makea1425

reduce?a1425

removec1425

resolvea1450

transvertc1450

overchangec1480

mew1512

transmutea1513

wring1524

reduct1548

transform1556

innovate1561

metamorphose1576

transume1579

metamorphize1587

transmove1590

transchangea1599

transfashion1601

deflect1613

fordo1624

entail1628

transmutate1632

distila1637

to make much (also little, something, nothing, etc.) of1637

transqualify1652

unconvert1654

simulate1658

spend1668

transverse1687

hocus-pocus1774

mutate1796

fancy1801

to change around1871

metamorphosize1888

catalyse1944

morph1996

the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > be transformed [verb (intransitive)]

wortheOE

awendOE

golOE

turnc1275

changec1300

runc1384

to run into ——c1384

fare1398

writhea1400

transmewc1400

returnc1475

transume1480

convert1549

transform1597

remove1655

transeate1657

transmute1675

make1895

metamorphose1904

shapeshift1927

metamorphize1943

metamorphosize1967

morph1992

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. l. 1872 (MED) Hercules wer nat strong to bynde..Wommannes herte to make it nat remeve.

c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 25 J haue wrethe in myn herte whan ye remeeven [a1475 (?a1430) Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man turnyd; Fr. mues] it [sc. bread] in to quik flesh.

a1500 Wisdom of Solomon (Cambr. Kk.1.5) in R. Girvan Ratis Raving & Other Early Scots Poems (1939) 182 Al thingis that god has maid ar gud and perpetuall in thare kinde and nature, suppos thai be ay Remowand in singularite.

1655 Campion's Art of composing Musick in Parts in J. Playford Introd. Skill Musick ii. 5 That which is an eight shall remove into a fift.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	remove
释义	removen. Brit. /rᵻˈmuːv/, U.S. /rəˈmuv/, /riˈmuv/ Forms: 1500s–1600s remooue, 1500s–1600s remoove, 1500s–1600s remoue, 1500s– remove, 1600s remoov, 1600s–1700s remouve; also Scottish pre-1700 remoif, pre-1700 remoove, pre-1700 remov, pre-1700 remowe, pre-1700 remuf, pre-1700 remuff, pre-1700 remuif, pre-1700 remwif. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: remove v. Etymology: < remove v. Compare earlier remue n.With sense 5b compare later relevé n. 1. 1. Farriery. An act of shoeing a horse with its old shoes, rather than providing new ones after the hoof has been trimmed; (also) an old horseshoe used in this manner. Now chiefly historical or regional. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] shoeingc1440 remove1512 ferrure1676 reshoeing1856 horse-shoeing1869 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > horseshoe > types of horseshoe remove1512 lunette1566 half-moon shoe1607 pancelet1607 plate1607 patten shoe1639 linnet-hole1662 cross-bar shoe1675 interfering shoe1678 pantofle shoe1696 panton shoe1696 cutting-shoe1711 skim1795 skimmer1801 bar-shoe1831 sandal1831 tip1831 racket1846 hipposandal1847 slipper1903 stumbling-shoe1908 mud-shoe1940 1512 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 307 To John Sparty, smytht to the king and quenis stabulis, in haill payment of all hors schone remufis to the king and quenis stabulis and hors. 1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. G3 If you want a shoe, a remoue, or the clinching of a naile, I am at your command. 1636 T. Heywood Loves Maistresse iv. i Phœbus fore-horse Must have two new shooes, calk'd, and one remove. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 90/1 A Remove is, when a shooe is taken off, and set on again with new Nails. 1745 J. Swift Direct. to Servants 66 His Horse wanted two Removes; your Horse wanted Nails. 1800 W. Moorcroft Cursory Acct. shoeing Horses 46 To prevent the necessity of frequent removes, several expedients have been put in practice. 1821 A. Welby Visit N. Amer. 94 The price I paid to a blacksmith for eight new horse-shoes,..and eight removes. 1880 W. H. Patterson Gloss. Words Antrim & Down Remove, the re-shoeing of a horse with the old shoes. 1904 I. Wilkinson in Eng. Dial. Dict. V. 86/2 One new shoe and one remove. 2000 Nelson (N.Z.) Mail (Nexis) 28 Feb. 13 After assessing the situation, Brian decides to either replace the shoe after he has trimmed the hoof, or put the same shoe back on (known as a ‘remove’). †2. a. The action of removing a person from an office or position; dismissal; an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > removal from office or authority > [noun] off-puttinga1387 supplantationa1393 deposal1397 deposition1399 amotion1441 privation1444 subversion1470 deposing1480 dispointment1483 quietus est1530 cassing1550 deprivation1551 remove1553 destitution1554 depose1559 abdication1574 dismissionc1600 renvoy1600 displacement1611 deprivement1630 quietus1635 removal1645 deposure1648 displacing1655 cashierment1656 discarding1660 amoval1675 depriving1705 superannuation1722 separation1779 ouster1782 disestablishment1806 dismissal1849 epuration1883 deprival1886 purge1893 society > occupation and work > lack of work > [noun] > dismissal or discharge discharginga1398 discharge1523 quietus est1530 conduction1538 cassing1550 remove1553 destitution1554 mittimus1596 dismissionc1600 quietus1635 removal1645 cashierment1656 separation1779 dismissing1799 dismissala1806 to give (a person) the sack1825 bullet1841 congee1847 decapitation1869 G.B.1880 the shove1899 spear1912 bob-tail1915 severance1941 sacking1958 termination1974 1553 S. Cabot in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 260 And the person so remooued not to bee..accepted..from the time of his remooue, any more for an officer. 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates D iij The two dukes..On whose remove fro beyng aboute the king We all agreed. 1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 68 The causes and maner of the ushers remove. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 341 At length, with much adoe, they procured his remove, and Porcius Festus succeeded. 1711 J. Swift Let. 8 Nov. in Wks. (1883) XV. 486 It is still expected that the duke will be out, and that many other removes will be made. 1799 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1800) 3 363 We shall find sundry brisk removes of many in public honour. b. Death; (also, esp. in earlier use) murder. Cf. removal n. 1b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > murder or assassination > [noun] murderingeOE murderOE banec1175 morth gamec1275 morth spellc1275 slaughterc1325 murdermenta1400 murderdom1514 massacre1589 remove1592 assassinate1596 assassinment1602 assassination1610 assassinacy1611 assassinaya1641 removal1655 murderation1715 murdrum1767 thugdom1839 aliicide1868 hatchet job1925 liquidation1925 rubout1927 murder one1966 neutralization1971 1592 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. ii. sig. C4 Lets goe my Lord, your staying staies reuenge..Her fauour must be wonne by his remooue. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 79 He most violent Author Of his owne iust remoue . View more context for this quotation a1652 A. Wilson Hist. Great Brit. (1653) 89 Intimating..that Overburies untimely remove had something in it of retaliation. 1677 K. Ranelagh 11 Sept. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) IV. 454 I..condole with you the remove of our true honest ingenious friends..since it has pleased god to call them hence so soone one after another. 1727 J. Worthington Serm. occasion'd by Death Rev. B. Bennet 1 Your late excellent Pastor: Whose remove is a sensible and grievous Loss. 1853 D. Wilson Hymns of Praise xxxix. 33 Trembling skies Still threaten my remove, My life I'm call'd to sacrifice, And everything I love. c. The raising of a siege. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > [noun] > discontinuing of siege > causing siege to be raised removea1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. ii. 28 If they set downe before's: for the remoue Bring vp your Army. View more context for this quotation 3. a. The action of moving away or to another place, esp. a new place of residence; withdrawal, departure; an instance of this. Cf. three removes are as bad as a fire at Phrases and move n. 3d. Now chiefly North American. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [noun] > change of residence flittingc1175 removinga1425 remove1555 removal1605 motion1634 flit1835 move1853 shift1871 locomutationa1884 1555–6 Heralds' Acct. S. Gardiner's Obsequies in S. Gardiner Lett. (1933) App. 503 So set in his chapell, with lightes abowt hym burning day and night, and contynuall servyce tyll his remove. 1578 tr. J. Calvin Comm. Joshua iii. sig. D^v He gaue commaundement by his lieftenantes, that they should make all things readie for their remoue, for that three dayes after, they should passe ouer Iordane. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 194 I call him..the flitting figure, or figure of remoue, like as the other before was called the figure of aboade. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cv. 82 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 165 Quailes in whole Beauies each remoue pursue. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 5 Speeding themselves in great hast, for to prevent all rumors of their remove. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) v. iii. 133 Here's a petition from a Florentine, Who hath for foure or fiue remoues come short, To tender it her selfe. View more context for this quotation 1650 S. Clarke Marrow Eccl. Hist. (1654) i. 169 Faustus was constrained by frequent removes to hide himself. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 592 And see the Guards, By mee encampt on yonder Hill, expect Thir motion, at whose Front a flaming Sword, In signal of remove, waves fiercely round. View more context for this quotation 1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi i. vi. 24/1 The next Year there was a great Remove of good People thither. 1773 J. Priestley Inst. Relig. II. 53 Death..is..a remove for the better. 1800 J. Priestley Let. 30 Jan. in T. Jefferson Papers (2004) XXXI. 346 A remove is absolutely impossible, unless you were possessed of Aladin's lamp, and could transport my house..into Virginia without trouble. 1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life 7 All old favourites..Griev'd me at heart to witness their removes. 1848 J. Hunter Acc. King Henry Eighth's Progr. Yorks. 6 in Mem. Hist. & Antiq. York (Archaeol. Instit.) The king remained only two nights, and on the 12th of September made his remove to Risby, where he spent one night. 1907 L. M. Gross et al. Past & Present of DeKalb County I. 420/2 It was during his boyhood that the father of our subject accompanied his parents on their remove to Indiana, where he grew to manhood. 1952 O. Handlin Uprooted (2002) iv. 101 The ideological development of those whose remove was to some other place in their own country took a distinctive turn of its own. 1992 J. M. Faragher D. Boone (1993) vii. 263 His remove to the Kanawha took him back to a world in which he felt far more comfortable. †b. A signal for a military force to depart. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > signals > [noun] > signal to depart remove1591 1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. i. 35 When al was in order ready to march, they cal to sound the remoue. 1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre v. iii. 171 All things being assured, he may then cause the Drumme-maior to beat a remoue. †c. A period of absence from a place. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > absence > [noun] > period of removea1616 absencea1657 a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. i. 43 In our remoue, be thou at full, our selfe. View more context for this quotation †4. a. The action of moving something from one place or position to another; an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > transference > [noun] translationc1384 remevement1437 translatingc1454 transferring1573 remove1582 transplantation1606 transactiona1608 removal1610 transumption1615 transduction1656 diabasis1672 transference1766 transfer1785 transferrala1790 transplanting1790 takeover1909 rollover1941 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. vii. 17 So as the Moores should not burne them,..which now by their remooue was preuented. 1618 W. Lawson New Orchard & Garden vii. 17 This short cutting at the remoue, saues your Plants from Winde. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 237 Having gotten an Elephant for the remove of our baggage and commodities, we left Moulgas. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 317 Five or six such motions, or rather removes of the Balls. 1754 G. Smith Angler's Mag. 17 In dibbing for Dace, Roach, or Chubb, your Motion must not be swift, if you can perceive them coming towards it, but make a short Remove or two, as if the Fly were swimming or playing, then let it gently glide with the Stream. 1823 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 2nd Ser. II. 201 The birth of the Pretender is represented by the chest,..perhaps alluding to the removes of the warming-pan. 1896 H. L. Roth & H. B. Low Natives of Sarawak & Brit. N. Borneo III. xiii. 376 If the wood be in good condition, the dust, which is the tinder, begins to smoke in about twelve strokes (i.e. twelve removes of the hand upwards). b. Fencing. A thrust made while withdrawing the foot. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > fencing > [noun] > actions buttc1330 overheadc1400 stopc1450 quarter-strokea1456 rabbeta1500 rakea1500 traverse1547 flourish1552 quarter-blow1555 veny1578 alarm1579 venue1591 cut1593 time1594 caricado1595 fincture1595 imbroccata1595 mandritta1595 punta riversa1595 remove1595 stramazon1595 traversa1595 imbrocado1597 passado1597 counter-time1598 foinery1598 canvasado1601 montant1601 punto1601 stock1602 embrocadoc1604 pass1604 stuck1604 stramazo1606 home thrust1622 longee1625 falsify?1635 false1637 traversion1637 canvassa1641 parade1652 flanconade1664 parry1673 fore-stroke1674 allonge1675 contretemps1684 counter1684 disengaging1684 feint1684 passing1687 under-counter1687 stringere1688 stringering1688 tempo1688 volte1688 overlapping1692 repost1692 volt-coupe1692 volting1692 disarm?1700 stamp1705 passade1706 riposte1707 swoop1711 retreat1734 lunge1748 beat1753 disengage1771 disengagement1771 opposition1771 time thrust1771 timing1771 whip1771 shifting1793 one-two1809 one-two-three1809 salute1809 estramazone1820 remise1823 engage1833 engaging1833 risposta1838 lunging1847 moulinet1861 reprise1861 stop-thrust1861 engagement1881 coupé1889 scrape1889 time attack1889 traverse1892 cut-over1897 tac-au-tac riposte1907 flèche1928 replacement1933 punta dritta1961 1595 V. Saviolo Practise H iij If your enemy be first to strike at you, and if at that instant you would make him a passata, or remoue, it behoueth you to be very ready with your feet and hand. c. Chess. A move (move n. 2a). Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [noun] > move moving1474 marching1562 march1584 remove1645 removal1662 1645 City Alarum 11 Like two ill Gamesters at Chesse, who make many remooves to little purpose. 1656 F. Beale tr. G. Greco Royall Game Chesse-play A iv b He which loseth shall have a palpable reason for every remove he maketh. 1676 A. Marvell Mr. Smirke sig. H3 Alexander perciev'd by them that this Pawn-Bishop had made all his removes right. 1754 G. Jeffreys Misc. 158 The black Pawn within a Remove from the Top. 5. †a. The action of removing or taking something away; removal; (also) eradication. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > [noun] > removal or taking away withdrawingc1315 remuingc1330 withdraught1340 taking awaya1382 discharginga1398 removinga1398 remotiona1425 subtraction?a1425 amovingc1443 taking offc1450 abstraction1467 way-taking1479 substracting1549 conveyance1567 sublation1567 remove1589 removal1595 exemption1598 substraction1601 supporting1608 amovement1618 subductiona1620 conveying1621 amolitiona1641 withdrawment1640 subducting1645 suffuration1651 summotion1653 amoval1657 withdraw1720 withdrawal1838 removement1846 1589 J. Banister Antidotarie Chyrurg. 255 Applie it, the place being first annoynted… And vppon this, the trusse applied, without remoue thereof, saue from foure daies to foure daies. 1597 F. Bacon Of Coulers Good & Euill f. 24^v, in Ess. The..blossome is a positiue good, although the remoue of it to giue place to the fruite be a comparatiue good. 1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing 71 That which is early received,..as it were grows into our tender natures, and is therefore of difficult remove. 1678 J. Worlidge Vinetum Britannicum (ed. 2) 58 A threefold want of sap..occasioned by the remove of the Root. 1757 E. Perronet Mitre (new ed.) i. ccxxii. 50 Whence sprang the darkness of her night? Whence the remove of all her light? 1810 D. Blaine Domest. Treat. Dis. Horses & Dogs (ed. 4) 148 There is also frequently some actual disease existing, whose remove is best effected by the slow gradual alteration that is brought about..by..alteratives. a1864 J. Clare Early Poems (1989) I. 159 E'en a post..or a stone Moss'd o'er by age..Would in my mind a strong attachment gain..&..Griev'd me at heart to witness their remove. b. Cookery. A dish that is served during a course in place of one that is removed. Formerly also: †the action or an act of removing such a dish or dishes at a meal (obsolete). Now chiefly historical.In later use, esp. in the contexts of French cookery. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > serving food > removal of dishes > [noun] voidingc1435 avoid1493 remove1625 avoidance1661 the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > [noun] > dish > preceding or succeeding dish remove1733 relief1788 relevé1825 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes IV. 345 The dishes so placed..that they did reach a yard high as we sate, and yet each dish fit to bee dealt upon without remoove. 1733 V. La Chapelle Mod. Cook I. 123 Place over them your Eels and your Cray-fish with some Ham-gravy and some Cullis of Cray-fish if you have any; and then serve it up for a first Course or Remove. 1756 Connoisseur No. 138. 825 My lord is displaying his exquisite taste by deciding upon every dish;..all the while not a little solicitous about the exactness of the Removes, and the duly adjusting the entremets. 1771 B. Franklin in M. Farrand Benjamin Franklin's Mem. (1949) 124/1 Every Man at the first Remove, found under his Plate an Order on a Banker. 1820 F. MacDonogh Hermit in London IV. 161 Two courses and removes, consisting of about 30 dishes. 1832 N. K. M. Lee Cook's own Bk. 202/2 Keep the beef hot, and send it up (as a remove to the soup) with finely chopped parsley. 1872 A. Trollope Golden Lion of Granpere ii. 16/2 On Sundays a real dinner was served in the room up stairs, with soup and removes, and entrées,..all in the right place. 1961 N. Froud et al. tr. P. Montagné & A. Gottschalk Larousse Gastronomique 805/2 Remove. Relevé—Dish which in French service relieves (in the sense that one sentry relieves another) the soup or the fish. 2004 Charlotte (N. Carolina) Observer (Nexis) 22 Oct. h24 Elaborate French menus of the past began with soup, then..hot hors d'oeuvre, cold hors d'oeuvre, fish, a ‘remove’ (a dish that follows another, usually a piece of meat with garnish), an entree, [etc.]. 6. Esp. in early use chiefly with reference to certain British public schools, esp. Eton College. a. A promotion of a pupil to a higher form or division at school. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > division of pupils > promotion to a higher division remove1610 1610 D. Carleton Let. 14 Jan. in Eton Coll. Lists, 1678–1790 (1907) Introd. p. xxv [Phil Litton] hath stept a forme higher at this Christmas remove, and is now under the Schoolemaster's tuition. 1745 Ld. Chesterfield Lett. (1932) (modernized text) II. 557 Every remove (you know) is to be attended by a reward from me, besides the credit you will gain for yourself. 1768–75 in H. C. Maxwell-Lyte Hist. Eton Coll. (1877) 319 The time allowed for trying boys for their removes is not to be in a school hour. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. vii. 173 Tom..was praised, and got his remove into the lower fourth. 1894 W. H. Wilkins & H. Vivian Green Bay Tree I. 43 Surprising I didn't get my remove this term. 1907 Eton Coll. Lists, 1678–1790 Introd. p. xxviii Twice a year, once at the beginning of March, and again towards the end of September, boys could get their remove into the Upper School. 1964 Times 15 May 15/6 [Sweden] retains its system of marking in the comprehensive school. The pupil must still get his remove. 2002 P. Temple Sort of Conscience ii. 33 Although Edward Gibbon obtained his remove (promotion to a higher form) in 1810, he found this regime painful. b. Frequently with capital initial and with the. (The name of) a form between the Fourth and Fifth year, itself sometimes divided into the Lower and Upper Remove; (also) a class or division within another year (esp. the Fourth year); (in modern use also) spec. a class in which pupils spend an additional year preparing for examinations. Now chiefly historical.In later use frequently associated with the fictional schoolboy character Billy Bunter, the ‘Owl of the Remove’ at Greyfriars school, in the novels by ‘Frank Richards’ (C. H. Hamilton 1876–1961). ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > division of pupils > form or class form1560 first forma1602 remove1718 shell1736 sixth-form1807 lower sixth (form)1818 pettya1827 grade1835 the twenty1857 baby class1860 standard1862 nursery class1863 primer1885 reception class1902 sixth form1938 reception1975 1718 in H. C. Maxwell-Lyte Hist. Eton Coll. (1877) 288 The successive forms were called..First Form, Lower Remove, Second Form,..Fourth Form, Remove, Fifth Form. 1733 in H. C. Maxwell-Lyte Hist. Eton Coll. (1877) 305 He has been examined..and is placed in the 4th form, last remove, till further trial. 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. ix. 102 Some unhappy wight in the remove wandering about,..seeking relief in the shape of a verse. 1873 E. Coleridge in R. Ornsby Mem. J. R. Hope-Scott (1884) I. 20 He was placed in the lower Remove of the Remove in September. 1926 C. Oman in F. J. C. Hearnshaw Polit. Princ. Some Notable Prime Ministers 19th Cent. ii. 16 He could appreciate a telling classical quotation, while observing that his own classics were those of an Eton boy in the Remove. 1946 ‘G. Orwell’ Coll. Ess. (1981) 284 Bunter is always ‘the fat Owl’ or ‘the Owl of the Remove’. 1961 ‘F. Richards’ Bunter the Ventriloquist xxv. 145 ‘Ow! Leggo!’ Bunter, wriggling, blinked round in alarm at the captain of the Remove. 2007 C. Wheeler Another Father xvi. 84 At school, I was in the Remove with Mr. Terry, a bald, cadaverous academic who reminded me of Chalky, the schoolmaster of Giles's cartoons. 7. The action or an instance of moving a person from one office or position to another. Also of a person: the action of transferring to a new office, position, etc. (sometimes involving promotion); an instance of this. Now rare (archaic). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > career > [noun] > transfer remove1610 transfer1895 1610 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) I. 107 Upon the remove of the Bishop of Gloucester to Worcester, Dr. Tooker..had thought to have succeeded. 1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 34 By this failer the Master of our Ship had a remove into the Vice-Admiral. 1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome 270 After a short remove to the Quæstorship of Sardinia, he was appointed to go as Legate. 1751 Affecting Narr. H.M.S. Wager 11 His Request being comply'd with, occasioned some Removes: For..our Captain, Kidd, was remov'd to the Pearl. 1886 C. J. Wills Persia as it Is iv. 33 Such an experienced ‘local diplomatist’ if far more..useful to his Government than a man..who goes to his post as to exile, determined to get his pension or remove at the first opportunity. 1904 W. H. Frere Eng. Church Reigns of Elizabeth & James I xiii. 235 His remove to London obliged him to take up the puritan controversy. 1956 Times 11 Jan. 10/4 He will..‘be keeping an eye on it’ when he comes to London; but he has no plans for a similar mission on his remove. 8. a. The condition, state, or fact of being remote or distant; the extent to or degree by which a person or thing is separated from another in time, place, condition, etc.; remoteness, distance; an instance of this.Now the usual sense. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > [noun] spacec1350 distancec1392 farness1523 remove1628 eloinmenta1670 1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xiv. 41 The soules Perspectiue glasse: whereby, in her long remoue, shee discerneth God. 1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica ii. xii. 329 A Sign that ♄ is more frigid than ♃, by reason of his greater remove. 1720 tr. L. Bellini Mech. Acct. Fevers 412 The Blood will be yet more fused, from the obstinate Adhæsion of the Lentor, and its greater Remove from a natural State. 1771 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) V. 385 A giddy, careless temper is at the farthest remove from the whole religion of Jesus Christ. 1845 R. W. Hamilton Inst. Pop. Educ. iv. 66 He would see that scale recede from him to as distant a remove as that where it now stands. 1854 Mechanic's Mag. 61 509/2 Varying among themselves..according to their remove from our position, here nearer the sun and there outward into the wide sweep of an indefinite space. 1876 G. Meredith Beauchamp's Career II. xiii. 250 As mountains gather vastness to the eye at a certain remove. 1907 N. Munro Daft Days xii. 100 He could not be serious, and she had never heard him sigh,—in him was wanting some remove, some mystery. 1960 Times 14 Jan. 14/7 How quaint it all seems at this remove of time! 1991 K. Hafner & J. Markoff Cyberpunk i. 135 Handwritten access codes..Kevin used to steal his way into heavily guarded computers from the safe remove of thousands of miles. 2008 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 14 Dec. f8 Throughout his memoir, Ayers maintains a remove that's frankly creepy. b. Frequently with preceding numeral. A step of distance; a particular point or stage away from direct cause or relation. Esp. in (but) one (also a) remove from. ΚΠ 1633 G. Herbert Jordan in Temple ii Must all be vail'd, while he that reads, divines, Catching the sense at two removes? 1668 R. Steele Husbandmans Calling ix. 225 How can I glorifie my Maker, that am but one remove from a piece of..sinful earth? 1712 R. Theed Sacred Biogr. 80 Now Moses stood actually possess'd of this World's Glitter, and but one Remove from its Top-felicity. 1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 53 It might be well enough, if you were..but a Remove or two from the Dirt you seem so fond of. 1768 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued I. xxix. 221 Virtue stands two removes from the summum bonum. 1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (ed. 2) ii. ii. 204 Events are explained by other events separated from them by a thousand removes. 1864 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire iv. 54 Yet nascent feudality was but one remove from anarchy. 1906 Proc. Amer. Medico-Psychol. Assoc. 62nd Ann. Meeting (1907) 513 Fear and terror are but a remove from sadness. 1955 R. W. B. Lewis Amer. Adam (1959) v. 96 At one moment in Arthur Mervyn we are not less than four removes from the immediate—a device which..confuses us intolerably. 1975 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 4 Nov. 6/1 The Ontario Government fumbled its way into the factfinder legislation, which was designed to put teach-board disputes at one remove from provincial responsibility. 2004 Week 25 Sept. 14/2 We are voyeurs, consuming emotions at one remove, without really understanding them. c. A step (represented by a generation) in a direct line of descent from a common ancestor; = degree n. 3a. Cf. removed adj. 2a. Also in extended use. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun] > a line of descent > degree in descent kneec1000 greec1315 generationa1387 degreea1400 descent1538 descendancy1603 remove1741 family tree1752 1741 J. Serenius Dictionarium Suethico-Anglo-Latinum Syskon He is my cousin one remove. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. i. 3 Our cousins too, even to the fortieth remove, all remembered their affinity, without any help from the Heralds' office. 1789 Hunter in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 79 161 These puppies are the second remove from the Wolf and Dog. 1828 J. Ruddiman Tales & Sketches 63 Jedediah Groandeep, who was but ten removes from the family o' the lairds of Cleughenandoighterchylochin. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House i. 5 I am not..prepared to inform the Court in what exact remove he is a cousin. 1888 H. Kendall Kinship of Men iii. 60 The uncle is only one remove from the point of junction. 1990 J. S. Arnold Kinship (2000) 39 The removes seem to create considerable difficulty. A question frequently asked is ‘Removed from whom and to where?’ d. Printing. With preceding numeral: the number of sizes by which the type of a footnote or marginal note is smaller than that of the text; type size. Also in later use: a note printed in smaller type than the text. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printed matter > arrangement or appearance of printed matter > [noun] > type or size of footnotes or sidenotes remove1836 under-runner1921 1836 2nd Ann. Rep. London Union Compositors 19 Jan. in E. Howe London Compositor (1947) viii. 233 By a fount of one remove..the Trade will understand a small-faced letter cast upon a larger body—that is, upon a body the next in size to it. 1890 C. T. Jacobi Printing v. 70 Footnotes are nearly always set in type two sizes (or removes, as they are called) smaller than text... Side-notes are frequently put into three or four removes smaller. 1898 J. Southward Mod. Printing i. xxxvii. 224 The usual type for notes is two or three removes from the text. 1934 V. Steer Printing Design & Layout xvi. 293 Footnotes are explanatory notes at the foot of the page usually set in type two removes from the size used for the text. 1960 G. A. Glaister Gloss. Bk. 345/2 Removes, quotations or notes set at the foot of a page and in smaller type than that of the text. Phrases Proverb. three removes are as bad as a fire and variants. Now rare. ΚΠ 1758 B. Franklin Poor Richard's Almanack 14 Three Removes is as bad as a Fire. 1839 C. Dickens Let. 14 Nov. (1965) I. 602 Did you ever ‘move’?.. There is an old proverb that three removes are as bad as a fire. 1896 Cosmopolitan Oct. 677 Three removes may be as good as a fire in just the same sense that three vaccinations may be as good as a case of smallpox. 1903 Punch 18 Nov. 360/2 If to the householder three removes are equal to a fire, this particular meal should have the effect of a volcanic eruption on a modern sybarite. 1923 Lincoln (Nebraska) Star 10 Apr. 16/3 (advt.) An old saying has it that ‘three removes are as bad as a fire’—meaning that one's household goods in three moves get about as badly racked and scratched as they would in being salvaged from a fire. Compounds C1. In sense 6, as remove class, remove form, remove master, etc. ΚΠ 1864 Rep. Commissioners Revenues & Managem. Certain Colleges & Schools II. 64/1 in Parl. Papers XX. App. The repetition lessons, and the looking over of exercises in school, were delegated to the fourth form masters and the other assistants (the remove master only excepted). 1884 City of London School Mag. June 99 Remove Class, TM Taylor. 1899 C. K. Paul Memories 99 Boys used to think that Goodford slept through most of the lessons as fourth-form- or remove-master. 1911 J. S. Mackenzie in G. Spiller Papers on Inter-racial Problems 439 In the Secondary School, however, they may be given pretty fully from the Remove Form upwards. 1968 H. Davies Beatles viii. 60 He stayed on and went into the Remove Form, as he hadn't enough O levels to get immediately into the Sixth. 2007 T. Stouffer Compl. Idiot's Guide Harry Potter vi. 118 Some schools have students take the tests a year or two earlier, but regardless, the year in which exams are taken is usually called the Remove year. C2. remove ticket n. now historical a document of discharge issued to a sailor at the end of a voyage. ΚΠ 1792 Act 32 Geo. III c. 33 §15 That in case both Parts of any such Remove Ticket..directed to be granted and delivered to such Petty Officer or Seaman, Non-commissioned Officer of Marines, or Marine..shall happen to be lost or destroyed, [etc.]. 1805 Ld. Nelson 26 Apr. in Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VI. 416 I directed Captain Schomberg to make out the proper Remove-Tickets for the wages due to the said men. 1997 R. Morriss Cockburn & Brit. Navy in Transition i. 44 The main task was the precise completion and submission of muster and pay-books, along with..sick, dead and remove tickets. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). removev. Brit. /rᵻˈmuːv/, U.S. /rəˈmuv/, /riˈmuv/ Forms: α. Middle English remuvie, Middle English–1600s remooue, Middle English–1600s remoue, Middle English– remove, late Middle English remofe, late Middle English remous (transmission error), late Middle English remowue, 1500s remowe, 1500s–1600s remoove; Scottish pre-1700 ramof, pre-1700 ramofe, pre-1700 ramouff, pre-1700 ramove, pre-1700 ramowe, pre-1700 ramoyff, pre-1700 ramuf, pre-1700 ramuff, pre-1700 ramuffe, pre-1700 ramuif, pre-1700 ramvf, pre-1700 ramvif, pre-1700 ramviff, pre-1700 ramwif, pre-1700 remofe, pre-1700 remoff, pre-1700 remoif, pre-1700 remoiff, pre-1700 remoive, pre-1700 remooue, pre-1700 remoove, pre-1700 remoow, pre-1700 remoue, pre-1700 remouf, pre-1700 remouith (transmission error), pre-1700 remouv, pre-1700 removf, pre-1700 remow, pre-1700 remowe, pre-1700 remowff, pre-1700 remowyed (past tense), pre-1700 remuf, pre-1700 remufe, pre-1700 remuff, pre-1700 remuif, pre-1700 remuife, pre-1700 remuiff, pre-1700 remvfe, pre-1700 remvif, pre-1700 remvue (perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 remvwe, pre-1700 remwf, pre-1700 remwif, pre-1700 remwife, pre-1700 1700s remuve, pre-1700 1700s– remove, 1800s– remuv; N.E.D. (1906) also records a form Middle English remuve. β. Middle English remefe, Middle English remeff, Middle English remeove, Middle English remoeve, Middle English (1900s– Scottish (north-eastern)) remeeve, Middle English–1500s remeeue, Middle English–1500s remeue, Middle English–1500s remeve, Middle English–1500s remoeue, 1500s remew. γ. English regional 1600s 1800s– remmon (Yorkshire), 1800s rumman (Yorkshire), 1800s rummen (Yorkshire), 1900s– remine (Gloucestershire). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French remover, remever, removoir. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman remover, remoever, removeir, remoweir, also remever, remewer, and Middle French removoir, remouvoir (French †remouvoir ) to move (something) from or out of the space that it occupies, to replace (both 12th cent.), to leave, depart (perhaps late 12th cent.), to cease, to abandon (13th cent.), to remove from office (a1305 or earlier), to transfer a case from one court to another (a1321 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to raise (a siege) (end of the 14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman) < classical Latin removēre to move (things) back or away, to subtract, to cause (people or animals) to go away or retire, to rid oneself of, get out of the way, to banish, do away with, to debar (a person from a position or activity), to disqualify, to set aside, cancel (a right, process), to leave out of account, in post-classical Latin also to raise (a siege) (a1364 in a British source) < re- re- prefix + movēre move v. Compare Old Occitan remover (12th cent. as remoure ), Catalan remoure (13th cent.), Spanish remover (end of the 13th cent.), Portuguese remover (15th cent.; 14th cent. as remouer , rremouer ), Italian rimuovere (a1294). Compare remue v. and see discussion below.On the β. forms see discussion at move v. There is some overlap in form with remue v., and some instances could instead be taken as showing that word, as conversely some examples at remue v. could instead be taken as showing this word. Middle English forms ending in -w or -we have been placed at remue v. (Scots forms of this type are given at this entry, on account of the different spelling conventions in Older Scots.) Quot. 1507 at sense 5b has been placed at this entry rather than remue v. because the spelling removet occurs later in the same sentence, evidently intended as a spelling of the same word. In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix). 1. a. intransitive. Of a person or animal: to go away from a place; to leave, to depart; to move to another place. Also transitive (reflexive). Now somewhat archaic, except in transitive use.†Formerly also with of. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] wendeOE i-wite971 ashakec975 shakeOE to go awayOE witea1000 afareOE agoOE atwendOE awayOE to wend awayOE awendOE gangOE rimeOE flitc1175 to fare forthc1200 depart?c1225 part?c1225 partc1230 to-partc1275 biwitec1300 atwitea1325 withdrawa1325 to draw awayc1330 passc1330 to turn one's (also the) backc1330 lenda1350 begonec1370 remuea1375 voidc1374 removec1380 to long awaya1382 twinc1386 to pass one's wayc1390 trussc1390 waive1390 to pass out ofa1398 avoida1400 to pass awaya1400 to turn awaya1400 slakec1400 wagc1400 returnc1405 to be gonea1425 muck1429 packc1450 recede1450 roomc1450 to show (a person) the feetc1450 to come offc1475 to take one's licence1475 issue1484 devoidc1485 rebatea1500 walka1500 to go adieua1522 pikea1529 to go one's ways1530 retire?1543 avaunt1549 to make out1558 trudge1562 vade?1570 fly1581 leave1593 wag1594 to get off1595 to go off1600 to put off1600 shog1600 troop1600 to forsake patch1602 exit1607 hence1614 to give offa1616 to take off1657 to move off1692 to cut (also slip) the painter1699 sheera1704 to go about one's business1749 mizzle1772 to move out1792 transit1797–1803 stump it1803 to run away1809 quit1811 to clear off1816 to clear out1816 nash1819 fuff1822 to make (take) tracks (for)1824 mosey1829 slope1830 to tail out1830 to walk one's chalks1835 to take away1838 shove1844 trot1847 fade1848 evacuate1849 shag1851 to get up and get1854 to pull out1855 to cut (the) cable(s)1859 to light out1859 to pick up1872 to sling one's Daniel or hook1873 to sling (also take) one's hook1874 smoke1893 screw1896 shoot1897 voetsak1897 to tootle off1902 to ship out1908 to take a (run-out, walk-out, etc.) powder1909 to push off1918 to bugger off1922 biff1923 to fuck off1929 to hit, split or take the breeze1931 to jack off1931 to piss offa1935 to do a mick1937 to take a walk1937 to head off1941 to take a hike1944 moulder1945 to chuff off1947 to get lost1947 to shoot through1947 skidoo1949 to sod off1950 peel1951 bug1952 split1954 poop1961 mugger1962 frig1965 society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)] to come awayeOE wendeOE i-wite971 ashakec975 shakeOE to go awayOE witea1000 afareOE agoOE awayOE dealc1000 goOE awendOE rimeOE to go one's wayOE flitc1175 depart?c1225 partc1230 to-partc1275 atwitea1325 withdrawa1325 to turn one's (also the) backc1330 lenda1350 begonec1370 remuea1375 removec1380 to long awaya1382 twinc1386 to pass one's wayc1390 trussc1390 to turn awaya1400 returnc1405 to be gonea1425 recede1450 roomc1450 to come offc1475 to take one's licence1475 issue1484 walka1500 to go adieua1522 pikea1529 avaunt1549 trudge1562 vade?1570 discoast1571 leave1593 wag1594 to go off1600 troop1600 hence1614 to set on one's foota1616 to pull up one's stumps1647 quit1811 to clear out1816 slope1830 to walk one's chalks1835 shove1844 to roll out1850 to pull out1855 to light out1859 to take a run-out powder1909 to push off (also along)1923 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (reflexive)] fersec1000 teec1275 voida1387 withdraw1390 takea1393 avoida1400 devoida1400 shifta1400 avyec1440 trussa1450 deferc1480 remove1530 convey1535 subtractc1540 subduce1542 retire?1548 substract1549 room1566 to take off1620 to make oneself scarce1809 society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (reflexive)] teec1275 remuea1375 avoida1400 avyec1440 trussa1450 remove1530 shank1816 c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 388 (MED) Er y remuvie me of þys place, þat soþe þou schalt me telle. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 116 Þe mone makeþ a man vnstable and chaungeable and removinge aboute [L. discurrentem] fro place to place. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 497 Remoeued [v.r. remeeued] they neuere out of the hous Whil they sawe al this sighte merueillous. c1460 Abraham & Isaac in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Fragm. (1970) 36 (MED) I charge you þat ye abide here in deede And þat ye remeve not from þis stede. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 315 Wallace off France a gudly leiff can tak. The kyng..Gret langour tuk quhen Wallace can ramuff. a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 3015 (MED) The remenaunte remevid bak anon, And as thei fled..Come Ermones. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 685/1 I remeve my selfe out of the place I am in. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 378 From thence they remoued to Saint Albons, and came thether on Christmas Euen. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xv. 16 [He] remooued..to assiege the castle of Tripoli. 1629 J. Cole Of Death 51 Hee would rather chuse to stay here, and live in the same [earthly pleasures], then remove to enjoy the heavenly. 1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing 198 He said, he'd remove into another room. 1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 28 He..begs a Certificate, when he removes from the Ship. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. ii. 178 All soldiers quartered in the place are to remove..and not to return till one day after the poll is ended. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. xii. 243 Merlin and his assistants, had begun to remove from the crowded hall, when Leicester..felt himself pulled by the cloak. 1850 J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. at Stint In coal mines, a measure of work two yards long by one broad, which each miner clears before he removes to another place. 1980 E. Leather Duveen Let. i. 13 The Welsh terrier removed himself from the tapestry-covered Gainsborough chair. 1999 R. Maxwell Queen's Bastard 227 I reload my pistols but never have time to remove to the front line, for now the enemy cavalry is upon us. b. intransitive. To change one's place of residence or work; to move to a new town, country, etc.; = move v. 18a. Usually with from, to. Also occasionally transitive (now English regional (Yorkshire)). Now somewhat archaic. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (intransitive)] > change residence remove1388 flit1504 shift1530 to pull up stakes1703 movea1707 emigrate1841 uproota1961 to pick up stakes1974 1388 in W. Fraser Douglas Bk. (1885) III. 33 Qwhen that hir likys to remofe, so sal haf fre issov and leif to pas at hir wil. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 171 Þe kyng went and remeued to Reymes, and dwelled þere onto Seynt Gregory day. c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) iii. 301 (MED) Þer is..A new þing þat noyeth nedy men and oþer: Whanne realles remeveth and ridith þoru tounes And carieth ouere contre. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 685/1 I remeve, as an armye or the trayne of a prince or gret man removeth from one place to an other. 1633 J. Ford Broken Heart ii. i. sig. D1 This house me thinkes stands somewhat too much inward;..wee'll remoue Nearer the Court. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 51 Proserpine..importun'd by Ceres to remove, Prefers the Fields below to those above. View more context for this quotation 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 6 This Frenchman..was one who having liv'd in Long-Acre..had removed for fear of the Distemper. 1775 W. Mason Mem. in T. Gray Poems 3 From thence he removed to St. Peter's College, Cambridge, where he was admitted a pensioner in the year 1734. 1806 Churchman's Mag. Dec. 469 After continuing here in the ministry about six years, he resigned his charge of the parish, and removed to Rye. 1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) II. xxi. 252 Newton received this letter when he was removing from Jermyn Street to Chelsea. 1876 J. G. Holland Story of Sevenoaks (new ed.) xi. 151 [He] is about to remove his residence from among us. 1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 103/2 ‘Ti remmon hoos’—to change residences. 1934 W. W. Gill Manx Dial. i. 7 He removed to the United States in early manhood, and died in Brooklyn in 1926. 1992 Jrnl. N.Z. Lit. 10 53 Wright removed to a Crown Lease in the Baton Valley near Nelson, and constructed a cabin for himself. †c. transitive. To go away from (a place or position); to leave. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1450 (c1400) Julian of Norwich Revelations Divine Love: Shorter Version (1978) 73 (MED) The place that Ihesu takes in oure saule he schalle neuer remove it withowtyn ende. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7514 Ane [sc. a bishop], Þe whilk by symony þe se gat; With in sex moneths remoued he þat; Sexhelmus was his name. a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 3223 (MED) Too all his ost he gave A speciall charge..They shuld remeve that place ij myle large And ther to geder abide. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 410 (MED) Thei smote on hem so harde that thei made hem remeve place [Fr. remuer de la plache]. 1640 in L. B. Taylor Aberdeen Council Lett. (1950) II. 221 The maist pairt..will..remove the toune. 1672 Kirkcudbright Town Council Rec. 17 Sept. That he sould not depairt or remove this burghe. d. intransitive. Of things: to move off, away, or to another location; to go from a place; to depart, to disappear. Frequently poetic. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > go or move away specifically of things forgoc950 worthOE atgoc1175 alithec1275 withdraw1297 lenda1350 withgoa1400 to go farewellc1400 voidc1400 startc1405 overdrawa1450 recedec1450 sinkc1450 remove1481 regress1552 to-gang1596 elongate1646 abscede1650 discede1650 to take a walk1871 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. vi. 29 There cheualrye contynued long, And frothens after it remeuid in to Fraunce. c1500 (?a1437) Kingis Quair (1939) clxxxviii (MED) The goddis mercifull wirking..has my hert for evir sett abufe In perfyte joy, that nevir may remufe. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. liv. B The mountaynes shall remoue, & the hilles shal fall downe. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme lii. 35 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 52 My trust on his true loue Truly attending, Shall neuer thence remoue. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. iii. 3 Till Byrnane wood remoue to Dunsinane, I cannot taint with Feare. View more context for this quotation 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. ii. §17 Those particles will necessarily remove into that empty space. 1709 A. Pope Autumn in Poet. Misc.: 6th Pt. vi. 740 Ye Trees that fade when Autumn-Heats remove. 1748 tr. Vegetius Of Distempers Horses 12 This Ailment, because it is erratick, all of a sudden removes to the other foot. ?1792 R. Burns Posie in Scots Musical Museum IV. 386 I'll swear..That to my latest draught o' life the band shall ne'er remuve. 1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 174 And sigh That truth from that Heaven should ever remove. 1896 A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad xxxvi. 52 But ere the circle homeward hies Far, far must it remove. 1939 W. B. Scott Some Memories of Palaeontologist iii. 27 I went to ‘Edgehill’, an excellent school, but..that was its last year in Princeton, as it removed to Merchantsville, N.J. 2. transitive. Of a person: to set aside (a feeling, thought, etc.).Now merging with senses 4a, 6b. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] to let awaya1000 forcast?c1225 to lay downc1275 forthrow1340 flita1375 removea1382 to cast away1382 understrewc1384 castc1390 to lay awaya1400 to lay asidec1440 slingc1440 warpiss1444 to lay from, offc1480 way-put1496 depose1526 to lay apart1526 to put off1526 to set apart1530 to turn up1541 abandonate?1561 devest1566 dispatch1569 decarta1572 discard1578 to make away1580 to fling away1587 to cast off1597 doff1599 cashier1603 to set by1603 moult1604 excuss1607 retorta1616 divest1639 deposit1646 disentail1667 dismiss1675 slough1845 shed1856 jettison1869 shake1872 offload1900 junk1911 dump1919 sluff1934 bin1940 to put down1944 shitcan1973 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Prov. iv. 24 Remoue [L. remove] fro thee a shreudemouþth; and bacbitende lippis be thei ferr fro thee. c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 106 (MED) It is impossible to remofe ill thoghts fro þe with other mens prayers. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Eccl. xii. 1 Put away displeasure out of thy hert, & remoue euell from thy body. 1694 E. Phillips tr. J. Milton Lett. of State 67 For more ample and accumulative satisfaction, and to remove all scruples from your Excellency. 1703 Earl of Orrery As you find It iii. i You had best remove this Scruple quickly. 1739 D. Bellamy Vanquish'd Love ii. i. 17 Henceforth I'll from my Heart all Doubts remove, And think myself more happy in thy Love, Than Juno in the soft Embrace of Jove . 1972 J. Knappert Choice of Flowers 141 My beloved... Remove all doubt, do not change your mind. I shall be cured at once, when I see you. 2008 Herald Sun (Austral.) (Nexis) 17 Sept. 97 As much as you tell yourself not to worry about the next week, it is hard to remove the thought from your mind that a win will put you into the biggest game of your life. 3. a. transitive. To put (a person) out of an office or position; to dismiss; to bring about a dismissal. Also: to transfer (a person) to a new office, position, etc. (now rare). Also with from, out of. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > removal from office or authority > remove from office or authority [verb (transitive)] outOE deposec1300 remuec1325 to put out1344 to set downc1369 deprivec1374 outputa1382 removea1382 to throw outa1382 to put downc1384 privea1387 to set adowna1387 to put out of ——?a1400 amovec1425 disappoint1434 unmakec1475 dismiss1477 dispoint1483 voidc1503 to set or put beside (or besides) the cushion1546 relieve1549 cass1550 displace1553 unauthorize1554 to wring out1560 seclude1572 eject1576 dispost1577 decass1579 overboard1585 cast1587 sequester1587 to put to grass1589 cashier1592 discompose1599 abdicate1610 unseat1611 dismount1612 disoffice1627 to take off1642 unchair1645 destitute1653 lift1659 resign1674 quietus1688 superannuate1692 derange1796 shelve1812 shelf1819 Stellenbosch1900 defenestrate1917 axe1922 retire1961 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 3 Kings xx. 24 Remoeue [L. amove] alle þe kyngis fro þyn host & put princis for hem. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) 3 Kings xv. 13 He remouyde [a1425 E.V. putte awey; L. amovit] Maacha..that sche schulde not be princesse in the solempne thingis. a1443 Chancery Proc. Ser. C1 File 9 No. 385 (MED) The Cors of the Citee was sued vnto your gracious lordship to haue writtes..to remeve the seide John Hauke owte of that office and..anoder honest person in his place put. c1503 tr. Charter of London in R. Arnold Chron. f. xij^v/1 The aldermen of the forsayd cite that eueri yere they ben remeued..and that they so remeued be not chosen ayen the nex yere. 1520 Chron. Eng. iii. f. 20^v/2 The Trybunes were remeved every yere. 1553 S. Cabot in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 260 And the person so remooued not to bee..accepted..from the time of his remooue, any more for an officer. c1600 in Balfour's Practicks (1754) 43 The lordis of counsall may remove..ballie or officiar within burgh and charge the remanent magistratis..to cheis ane uther in his place. 1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. ii. 52 By vertue of these Articles enacted thus in Parliament, those Lords not only removed old Sherifes of Counties appointed by the King, and put in new of their owne chusing, [etc.]. 1710 D. Defoe Ess. Public Credit 22 Not only punish the Offender, but prevent the Offence, by removing such Officer, and supplying his Place with others. 1751 Affecting Narr. H.M.S. Wager 11 His Request being comply'd with, occasioned some Removes: For..our Captain, Kidd, was remov'd to the Pearl. 1775 E. Burke Speech Resol. for Concil. Colonies 50 That the said Chief Justice and other Judges..shall hold his and their office..and shall not be removed therefrom, but when [etc.]. 1817 S. T. Coleridge Let. to J. Murray in Lett. (1895) 667 Mr. Dibdin..was likewise removed from the stage-managership. 1831 E. Baldwin Ann. Yale Coll. 85 He..settled in the ministry, at Windham,..from whence he was removed, fourteen years after, to the Rectorate of the College. 1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (1896) I. xii. 511 (note) None of the sheriffs now removed were employed again. 1916 D. Haig Diary 16 Oct. in War Diaries & Lett. 1914–18 (2005) 241 Sir F. E. Smith and others have banded themselves together with the object of having me removed from the Command of the Armies in France. 1975 Harper's Mag. Sept. 28/2 At Congressional hearings..it was revealed that..Simon had repeatedly..been urged to remove Bowen. 2009 Herald Sun (Austral.) (Nexis) 15 Jan. (Extrahit section) 35 Even after the priest responds with an acceptable explanation to the accusations,..the nun intensifies her resolve to have her rival removed. b. transitive. To make (a person) leave a place; to compel (a person or a people) by law to move to another place; (South African) to compel (a person or community) to move from their place of residence, esp. to an ethnically homogeneous rural settlement (now historical). Also with from. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > send away or dismiss > peremptorily removec1384 exilea1393 banishc1450 ablegate1621 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. xiii. 56 Hym remoued awey [L. amoto eo], he comaundide the tother for to cum. a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 401 Ȝif..þou have a wickide servaunt þat turneþ þee to coveitise, putte him out of his office and remeeve him fer awey. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. 329 (MED) William Neeth..promysede to brynge an hoste of Scottes to remove hym from that sege. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) ii. l. 1416 Of neid þaim behuffit To be banyst and ramowyt Fra þar gud, þar kyn, þar kytht. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxv. sig. C2 Then happy I that loue and am beloued Where I may not remoue nor be remoued. View more context for this quotation 1666 Proc. Upper House 20 Apr. in W. H. Browne Arch. Maryland (1884) II. 26 The sd Indians shall not be forced or removed from the sd places..vnles the nacõn or nacons..shall signify their willingnes to be removed. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 96 To remove him I decree, And send him from the Garden. View more context for this quotation 1753 R. North Disc. Poor 41 No Person was ever removed out of the Town, that desired to live there. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (1809) I. xvi. 459 The bastard shall..be settled in the parish, from whence she [sc. the mother] was illegally removed. 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality ix, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. IV. 184 All Jenny's efforts to remove him from the garden served only to root him in it. 1899 J. P. Fitzpatrick Transvaal from Within 102 No sooner had they located their tribe..than an official came down to them..and removed all except the five [families] allowed by law and distributed them among his friends and relations. 1920 Amer. Woman Aug. 12/3 The police enter and arrest Harberton... They are about to remove him when another man enters and confesses that he has taken the money. 1972 Listener 21 Dec. 857/3 In 1830 Andrew Jackson..[ordered] that all the Indian tribes..be removed to the west of the Mississippi..to the ‘Siberia’ of the Far West. 1990 Weekly Mail 8 Feb. 12 The Tsitsikamma land from which the Mfengu were removed at gunpoint in 1977 may soon be on the market again. 2009 Worcester News (Nexis) 28 Jan. We have obtained a possession order from the courts to remove the travellers from the land. c. transitive. Chiefly Scottish. To compel (a tenant) to quit a house or holding. Also intransitive: (of a tenant) to quit a house or holding on notice from a landlord when the lease expires. ΚΠ 1542 in D. H. Fleming Registrum Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1921) II. 733/2 The tenentis..to remove and output, and utheris in thair placis to imput. 1555 Sc. Acts Mary (1814) II. 494/1 The warning of all tennentis and vtheris to flit and remoue fra landis mylnis fischingis and possessiouns quhatsumeuer. 1581 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1880) 1st Ser. III. 396 Thay on nawyse suld..molest, rais or remove any of the auld tennentis. 1756 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1790) 503 Where the tenant hath not obliged himself to remove without warning. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. to Henry VII I. App. i. 97 The socmen, who were tenants that could not be removed at pleasure. a1768 J. Erskine Inst. Law Scotl. (1773) I. ii. vi. §49 273 Warning must be used in order to remove a tenant in a common lease. 1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl. 848 The tenant is..entitled to continue his possession.., until legally removed by the landlord. 1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xxvi Ye'll tak' notice't ye've been regular summons't i' the presence o' a lethal wutness, Peter McCabe, to remuv at the proper time. 1931 Encycl. Laws Sc. XII. 446 Removing is the process by which a tenant of heritable subjects whose right of occupation has come to an end is judicially warned to remove from the subjects. 4. a. transitive. To move or take (a person or a thing) away, to withdraw. Also: to set at a distance; to make remote in space, time, or relationship; to keep apart or separate (see removed adj. 1). Chiefly with from.In quot. 1633: †to separate (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > distance or farness > be far from [verb (transitive)] > put at or remove to a distance farOE fersec1000 far-casta1340 removec1384 proloynec1425 prolong1440 purloin1461 elong1477 enstrange1483 eloin1535 elongatec1540 distance1578 discoast1583 eloinate1642 outpost1864 distantiate1924 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Macc. vi. 16 He neuer remoueth [L. amovet] his mercy fro vs. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) iii. l. 769 He..hym ramowit þan in hy, And agane hayme in Medy. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. xlix. B The cepter shal not be remoued from Iuda..tyll the Worthye come. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xc So were the warders remoued from the gates the same daye. 1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island iv. xi. 40 A border-citie these two coasts removing. 1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God 132 The Apostle,..to create in us Apprehensions, underogatory from what we shall possesse,..removes our thoughts from all we Do Enjoy. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 119 God to remove his wayes from human sense, Plac'd Heav'n from Earth so farr. View more context for this quotation 1673 J. Milton Psalm LXXXVIII in Poems (new ed.) 165 Lover and friend thou hast remov'd And sever'd from me far. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 55 Jove..Remov'd from Humane reach the chearful Fire. View more context for this quotation 1729 W. Law Serious Call xv. 273 We can..remove our selves from objects that inflame our passions. 1778 Hist. Eliza Warwick II. 101 He could not remove his eyes from my face. 1808 E. Hamilton Cottagers of Glenburnie xi. 238 She was anxious to have Robert removed from the dark and airless passage in which he lay. 1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (ed. 2) iv. i. 463 The Epicureans removed their gods far above the care and supervision of human affairs. 1855 Harper's Mag. Oct. 684/1 The new piece was coldly received... Poirson was disheartened, and removed the play from the bills. 1901 E. R. Lankester in Trans. Linn. Soc.: Zool. 8 165 Æluropus must be removed from association with the Bears..and is no longer to be spoken of as ‘the Parti-coloured Bear’, but as ‘the Great Panda’. 1937 Taranaki Daily News (New Plymouth, N.Z.) 26 Feb. 6 Three cars had been removed from where they had stranded. 1954 W. Lewis Self Condemned ii. xx. 274 It was the splintering and the crash of wood..which removed these sounds at last from the supernatural, and confined them firmly to the natural order. 1980 R. W. Clark Freud (1982) viii. 172 Modern thought tends to remove Freud's famous complex from the centre of psychoanalysis. 1992 N.Y. Times Mag. 14 June 14/1 ‘Dear,’ she murmured, removing..her intense blue gaze from her tract. b. transitive. To move (something) from or out of the space that it occupies; to push aside; to take or lift off (something which is attached, an article of clothing, etc.); to detach. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] stira1000 unsheathec1374 removea1398 shifta1400 disroom1489 supplant1534 unplacec1550 displace1552 unperch1578 dislodge1579 unsiege1594 disnest1596 unroost1598 unset1602 unseat1611 dis-element1612 dishabita1616 dislocate1623 disroota1625 disseata1625 rede1638 discardinate1648 disturb1664 disblock1665 start1676 uproot1695 disrest1696 disconcert1744 disannul1794 deplace1839 delocalize1855 disembed1885 disniche1889 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. x. iv. 557 Fire is in alle þingis..and is nat remeved [L. non remouetur] out of alle þingis; but he is priuey and hidde, vnknowe. a1450 York Plays (1885) 199 (MED) This stone we schall full sone Remove and sette on syde. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 317 (MED) Which shall of vs systers thre remefe the stone? 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 685/1 Remeve this thynges out of the waye. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Job vi. 17 When they be set on fyre, they shalbe remoued out of their place. 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. ⁋5 Translation it is..that remooueth the couer of the well, that wee may come by the water. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. vi. 65 On the other Edge make a Line of Equal Parts, with an Ear in like manner to remove at pleasure. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 341 A Spring in the Tympan removes the Paper in this interval of Time. 1716 R. Williamson To Lords Commissioners Admiralty 8 The upper Timber being removed, the lower Part..proved very Bad. 1762 J. Mills New Syst. Pract. Husbandry I. 39 When the upper crust of the earth is removed, all that can be seen, or dug, is marle. 1791 T. Quayle Let. June in Mariner's Mirror (1968) 54 301 There's a Parcel of Gimcrackery at the Top [of the windlass],..little Brass things... These you remove before the Resuction goes forward. 1831 W. Youatt Horse xvii. 313 The shoe having been removed, the smith proceeds to rasp the edges of the crust. 1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) ii. 12 ‘What's that?’ he inquired, as the waiter removed one of the covers. 1875 Every-day Facts for Every-day Life 171 Pare off the white part of the lemon, cut the pulp into thin slices, remove the seeds, and spread this over the currants. 1922 D. H. Lawrence England my England 240 He removed her saturated, earthy-smelling clothing. 1975 E. Gilbert Your Style 35/2 Use a cleansing milk to remove make-up, and only use soap and water occasionally. 2005 Independent 19 Feb. (Mag.) 41/4 Remove the lid and continue to cook for another 15–20 minutes. c. transitive. To move or take (something) away from a place. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] leaveeOE beleavea1250 devoidc1325 voidc1330 roomc1400 wagc1400 departa1425 refusea1425 avoid1447 ishc1450 remove1459 absent1488 part1496 refrain1534 to turn the backc1540 quita1568 apart1574 shrink1594 to fall from ——1600 to draw away1616 to go off ——a1630 shifta1642 untenant1795 evacuate1809 exit1830 stash1888 split1956 the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away ateec885 withbreidec890 animOE overbearOE to do awayOE flitc1175 reavec1175 takec1175 to have away?a1300 to draw awayc1300 weve13.. to wend awaya1325 withdrawa1325 remuec1325 to carry away1363 to take away1372 waive1377 to long awaya1382 oftakec1390 to draw offa1398 to do froa1400 forflitc1420 amove?a1425 to carry out?a1425 surtrayc1440 surtretec1440 twistc1440 abstract1449 ostea1450 remove1459 ablatea1475 araisea1475 redd1479 dismove1480 diminish?1504 convey1530 alienate1534 retire1536 dimove1540 reversec1540 subtractc1540 submove1542 sublate1548 pare1549 to pull in1549 exempt1553 to shift off1567 retract?1570 renversec1586 aufer1587 to lay offa1593 rear1596 retrench1596 unhearse1596 exemea1600 remote1600 to set off1600 subduct1614 rob1627 extraneize1653 to bring off1656 to pull back1656 draft1742 extract1804 reef1901 the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > convey or transport > off or away atbearOE reavec1175 heavea1240 ravishc1330 reachc1330 outbeara1400 trussa1400 remove1459 withberec1500 rapt1571 rear1596 rap1599 to carry off1684 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > keep apart loina1450 remove1459 1459 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 227 Yat thai delyvere un to George Chaworth..alle his stuff yat he hath at Alfreton,..he to remeve them at his awne wille. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. ii. 12 The rascal hath remooued my horse, and tied him I knowe not where. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iii. i. 11 I must remoue Some thousands of these Logs, and pile them vp, Vpon a sore iniunction. View more context for this quotation 1679 W. Bedloe Narr. Horrid Popish Plot 15 Removing some Baggs of Hopps. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 268. ⁋2 I very civilly requested him to remove his Hand. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. vi. 195 Mr. Brett had hitherto gone on in collecting and removing the treasure without interruption. 1802 Times 5 Apr. 2/3 All the stone bridges and ferryboats are to be demolished or removed, and replaced by flying bridges, ‘ponts volants’. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 699 See that all the pigs are safe, and..remove any one immediately that..may have died in the pigging. 1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 9 Oct. 11/1 The quitting tenant is forbidden to remove..trees and bushes. 1906 N.Y. Times 26 May 5/1 The refuse collectors would not remove unsorted rubbish. 1968 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 123/2 Periodic freezing and thawing of the constantly moistened ground around and beneath it leads to the breakup of the rock particles which are then removed by meltwaters. 1998 Entertainm. Weekly 10 July 79 He intended to remove the firing pistols in the final version. d. transitive. To put (a person) out of the way by killing them or arranging their death; to take away the life of (a person); to murder, to assassinate. euphemistic in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > persons withdrawa1450 remove1609 unstation1840 to opt out1986 the world > life > death > killing > man-killing or homicide > murder or assassination > murder or assassinate [verb (transitive)] amurderOE murderc1175 homicidec1470 murdresc1480 murtrish1490 manquell1548 slaughter1582 massacre1591 assassinate1600 remove1609 assassin1620 to do the business for a person1759 Septembrize1794 croak1823 square1888 shift1898 to take out1900 to bump off1907 bump1914 to do in1914 to put out1917 to knock off1919 terminate1920 to give (a person) the works1929 scrag1930 snuff1932 wash1941 waste1964 wipe1968 to terminate with extreme prejudice1969 neutralize1970 snuff1973 stiff1974 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 131 In the high tops whereof were balists fitly placed, which removed [L. disiectabant] the defendants that kept lower. 1639 T. May Julia Agrippina iii. 78 First Britannicus Must bee remov'd; his death assures my state. 1655–6 T. Ross in Cal. State Papers, Domest. (1882) 196 I cannot divine how, except by removing Cromwell, to which one of them had specially devoted himself. 1706 D. Craufurd Mem. Affairs Scot. 8 The only way to retrieve and secure his Honour, was to remove the encroaching Villain. 1865 F. Jacox in Bentley's Misc. 57 415 Agamemmnon, king of men, removed by murder most foul and most unnatural. 1889 Times (Weekly ed.) 31 May 6/2 An elaborate article to-day, declares that Dr. Cronin was ‘removed’ by the Clan-na-Gael after trial and conviction. 1930 Observer 19 Oct. 17 The recent attempt to murder him..was not due to..the impulse to remove rivals or ‘squeakers’. 2007 El Paso (Texas) Times (Nexis) 1 Sept. [The book] delves into the..slayings of African-Americans. The Mexican Mafia supposedly ordered its gangs to remove blacks from certain Los Angeles neighborhoods. e. transitive. Chiefly poetic. Of death, god, etc.: to take (a person's life) away; to take (a person) from the world. Also intransitive: (of a person) to die. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > [verb (passive)] miscarryc1440 to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480 snatch1597 remove1832 take1920 a1627 T. Middleton Women beware Women v. ii, in 2 New Playes (1657) 197 This my gladness is, that I remove, Tasting the same death in a cup of love. 1646 E. Buckler Midnights Medit. of Death ii. ii. l. 59 There dwells a God above,..Who can and will send Death for to remove The greatest hence. 1742 T. Cooke Poems ii. 66 At the Demand of Nature all remove: Death heeds not Beauty, nor the Crys of Love. 1764 J. Grainger Sugar-cane ii. 79 He resolv'd..To pass the time, till death his sire remov'd. 1832 R. Southey Ess. I. 191 The latter was early removed from a world which his Talents..were..fitted to adorn. a1889 W. Allingham Laurence Bloomfield (1890) ii. 16 Children he had, but death removed his sons. 1972 N. C. L. Madgett Pink Ladies in Afternoon 49 Where do you languish, with such suddenness Removed from us who loved you so? f. transitive. Usually in passive, with by, with. Of a dish: to replace or follow another dish, esp. a soup; to serve as a remove (remove n. 5b). Now archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > serving food > removal of dishes > [verb (intransitive)] > be replaced (by next course) remove1733 1733 V. La Chapelle Mod. Cook III. 156 These sorts of Entries generally serve to remove Soops. 1776 Lady A. Miller Lett. from Italy II. xxviii. 65 This soup was removed by a dish of broiled house-sparrows. Need I say we went to bed supperless? 1840 Lady C. M. C. Bury Hist. Flirt iv There was fish and soup, removed by boiled chickens and bacon. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Shabby-genteel Story iii Boiled haddock, removed by hashed mutton. 1948 G. Heyer Foundling i. 15 A tureen of turtle, removed with fish,..was in turn removed with a haunch of venison. g. transitive. Cricket. To dismiss (a batter); to end (a batter's) innings. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > dismissal of batsman > put out [verb (transitive)] to put out1735 take1828 to get out1833 remove1843 to send back1870 dismiss1875 out1899 get1901 1843 Times 3 Aug. 6/6 The match..between the ‘Gentlemen of England’ and the ‘Players of England’, was resumed..by Mr. Felix and Mr. Colson taking their places at the wicket. The latter was soon..removed by a ball from Lillywhite, which after having hit him on the leg, glanced against the wicket. 1969 Wisden Cricketers' Almanack (ed. 106) 300 Underwood..accounted for Redpath and Walters, each getting an inside edge to the ball that removed him. 1976 Eastern Evening News (Norwich) 22 Dec. 14/2 With the fourth ball of his second over Lever removed Venkataraghavan, the ball brushing the batsman's glove before passing through to wicketkeeper Alan Knott. 2008 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 13 Dec. (Sport section) 52 Tendulkar, the world's leading Test batsman, was removed by Andrew Flintoff with the first delivery of a new spell. 5. a. transitive. To transfer or move (a person or thing) from one place to another; to change the place or situation of something. Also intransitive. Frequently with from, to, etc.†Also: (of a person) to alter (one's position, a place, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > transference > [verb (intransitive)] removea1387 the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] remuea1325 movea1382 translatea1382 transfer1382 transfigurec1384 removea1387 to turn overa1425 transume1483 to carry about1496 traduce1546 transplant1555 transact1621 transmigrate1635 hand1642 to make over1713 recover1719 to carry over1850 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (reflexive)] > to another place removea1387 society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > move dislodge1477 raise1488 removea1513 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 449 (MED) At þe laste þe engynes were remeved [v.r. remeoved; L. admotis] toward þe temple. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) 2 Kings xx. 12 He remouyde [a1425 E.V. meuede a wey; L. amovit] Amasa fro the weie in to the feeld. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ii. 177 (MED) Letuce is to be sette in Ianyueer Or December, the plantes to remeue [v.r. to remeeve; L. vt..transferatur] In ffeueryeer. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. clxxi. f. lxxxxviii Than he remeuyd his people and in sondry places faughte with the Danys. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xli^v Yf thou wylt remoue and set trees: get as many rotes with them as thou can. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 3113 Ho..beckonet hym boldly..his place to Remeve. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxv He politiquely..determined in great haste to remoue his whole army. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cccj You ought not to haue remoued or chaunged the place, without the consent of the Emperour. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iii. ii. 234 Their tents, which with themselues, their flockes, and substance, they remoued vp and downe from place to place. 1618 W. Lawson New Orchard & Garden vii. 19 The onely best way..to haue sure and lasting Sets, is neuer to remooue: for euery remooue is an hinderance. 1662 S. Pepys Diary 8 Feb. (1970) III. 25 All the morning..with the Colliers, removing the Coles out of the old coal-hole into the new one. 1703 Moxon's Mech. Dyalling (ed. 4) in Moxon's Mech. Exercises (new ed.) 343 Then removing the string the space of 15 degrees in the Quadrant. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 95 To remove my Tent from the Place where it stood, which was just under the hanging Precipice of the Hill. 1765 Museum Rusticum 4 170 This row being thus planted, the line was removed two feet forwards. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 178 Remove the needle from the situation P to the situation R. 1852 J. Capper in Househ. Words 4 Dec. 308/1 From the cutting-up room the cloth was removed to the preparing room. 1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 456/2 (advt.) [The doctor] said he must be removed to the hospital, have his leg opened and the bone bored, to allow the discharge of matter there collected. 1913 Asian Music 2 18 This is one of the few times of the year when the deity is removed from the dark inner sanctum of the temple and taken before the people. 1953 A. G. E. Pearse Histochem. 403 After cutting a section, the glass is swung back on a hinge and the section removed to a cold albuminized slide with forceps. 2003 A. Jamieson in P. L. Griset & S. Mahan Terrorism in Persp. 188/1 A seventeen year old girl from a Mafia family..decided to turn state's witness..and was removed to a safe house. b. transitive. Law. To transfer (a matter, case, person, etc.) for trial from one court of law to another. Usually with into, to. Also intransitive.†Formerly also reflexive (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [verb (transitive)] > remove to another court or judge remit?a1425 repledgec1430 remove1450 remand1514 1450 J. Fastolf in Paston Lett. & Papers (2005) III. 85 Lumnour delyuered a wryt of cerciorare vnto Heydon to remeoffe the said amerciementes, and as I was enformed he said he wold obbey it, and now hys officers doth the contrarie. 1507 in J. T. Gilbert Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 394 Writes of privelage to remowe ple othir ples owte of the cowrt of the citte. c1523 J. Rastell Expos. Terminorum Legum Anglorum sig. F.3^v Procedendo is a writ & it lyeth wher any accion is sewed in a base court which is remouyd to a hye court. ?1530 T. Phaer tr. Natura Breuium f. 7 And it was said that yf one plea be remoued out of ye court of one lord for one cause the cause is trauersable but of one pleynt out of the countye otherways is. 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ll1 Habeas Corpus, A writ, the which a man..may haue out of the kings bench, thereby to remooue himselfe thither..and to answer the cause there. 1627 T. Powell (title) The attornies almanacke. Provided..for..all such as shall haue occasion to remoue any person, cause or record, from an inferiour court to any the higher courts at Westminster. 1648 J. March Reports 46 After the Plaint was removed into this Court by a Recordari, and after Verdict given, it was moved in arrest of Judgment. 1700 Law Ejectm. i. 12 Ejectione Firme was brought in the City and County of Canterbury, and removed into the King's Bench by Habeas Corpus. 1808 New & Compl. Amer. Encycl. IV. 249/2 Habeas Corpus..is a writ, the which a man indicted of some trespass, being laid in prison, may have out of the King's Bench, thereby to remove himself thither at his own costs, and to answer the cause there. 1875 Rep. Supreme Court Wisconsin 36 563 Any cause or matter in the county court may be removed to the circuit court in case the county court judge shall be interested. 1917 Virginia Law Reg. 3 2 In many..cases warrants have been removed in order to delay justice rather than aid it. 1965 Times 17 July 10/6 An application for leave to apply for an order of certiorari to remove into the High Court and quash the inquiry..was abandoned. 1999 Providence (Rhode Island) Jrnl.-Bull. (Nexis) 31 Oct. 1 a Some [cases] were removed to a higher court by the state attorney general's office, because the defendant was a probation or parole violator. †c. intransitive. Chess. = move v. 15. Also transitive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > board game > chess > [verb (transitive)] > move play1562 remove1562 1562 tr. Damiano da Odemira Pleasaunt Playe of Cheasts sig. Av^v Their office is not to remoue but in necessitie, and chiefelye for the succoure of theyr kynge. 1562 tr. Damiano da Odemira Pleasaunt Playe of Cheasts sig. Bij Oftentymes the game is lost by remouinge the Rookes Paune or Knyghtes Paune one roume. 1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (ed. 2) 201 I gat sik chek Quhilk I micht nocht remuif nor nek Bot eyther stail or mait. 1614 A. Saul Famous Game Chesse-play v. sig. B7 So long as the checked King can couer the checke giuen him, and not remoue to auoyd the checke, nor hath not moued before vpon no occasion he hath still the benefit of exchanging with any of his Dukes. 1656 F. Beale tr. G. Greco Royall Game Chesse-play 8 The King removeth but one house at a time. 1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester v. 72 Suppose you play with the Whitemen, he removes first his Kings Pawn a double draught forward, [etc.]. 6. a. transitive. To raise (a siege). See raise v.¹ 31. Also figurative. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > besiege or blockade [verb (transitive)] > abandon (siege) removea1387 skailc1425 raise1477 society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > besiege or blockade [verb (transitive)] > abandon (siege) > raise (siege) removea1387 remue?a1400 raise1490 to take up1490 araisea1500 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 329 (MED) William de Reeth..behiȝt þe kyng þat he wolde..brynge þe oost of Scottes to fiȝte wiþ hym and to remeve [L. removendam] þe seege. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xii. 409 (MED) Eualach wolde for Ony thinge That Sege Remeven ȝif he myhte. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 157 Þe king..fond many Scottis þat come to remeue þe sege of Berwik. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxxxv. 257 This same yere the king with a grete host entred the see to remeue the sege of rochel. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xv. 16 They resolued to remoue their siege, and to imbarke themselues with their ordinance. 1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. D6 Let vs..hasten to remooue Damascus siege. 1640 J. Yorke Union of Honour 245 He was sent..to remove the siege of the City of Rochel in France. 1679 J. Banks Destr. Troy v. i. 60 The Grecians have remov'd their Ten Years Siege. 1758 D. Garrick Gamesters ii. 20 No talk now of wife's consent, I'll not remove my siege. 1884 ‘M. Field’ Fair Rosamond ii. viii, in Callirrhöe 199 Only remove the siege Of your eyes from off my soul. 2006 R. Arav in J. H. Charlesworth Jesus & Archaeol. 148 The Israelite king discerned the message and removed the siege from Jerusalem. b. transitive. To eliminate or alleviate (a quality, condition, etc., that is harmful, unpleasant, or undesirable); to relieve (an illness, a symptom, etc.); to cancel or lift (a restriction, a tax, etc.); to get rid of; to put an end to, to stop. Also with from. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to cease or put a stop to astintc700 stathea1200 atstuntc1220 to put an end toa1300 to set end ofa1300 batec1300 stanch1338 stinta1350 to put awayc1350 arrestc1374 finisha1375 terminec1390 achievea1393 cease1393 removec1405 terminate?a1425 stop1426 surceasec1435 resta1450 discontinue1474 adetermine1483 blina1500 stay1525 abrogatea1529 suppressa1538 to set in or at stay1538 to make stay of1572 depart1579 check1581 intercept1581 to give a stop toa1586 dirempt1587 date1589 period1595 astayc1600 nip1600 to break off1607 snape1631 sist1635 to make (a) stop of1638 supersede1643 assopiatea1649 periodizea1657 unbusya1657 to put a stop to1679 to give the holla to1681 to run down1697 cessate1701 end1737 to choke off1818 stopper1821 punctuate1825 to put a stopper on1828 to take off ——1845 still1850 to put the lid on1873 on the fritz1900 to close down1903 to put the fritz on something1910 to put the bee on1918 switch1921 to blow the whistle on1934 the world > action or operation > easiness > find no difficulty in [verb (transitive)] > make easy or easier > disencumber or disburden > remove or discharge (a burden) removec1405 unfraught1563 roll1593 depose1617 to take off a person's handsa1629 shrive1814 c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §1039 A pitous wyl of herte..redresseth it in god and expresseth it by word outward to remoeuen [c1425 Petworth remooue, c1465 Christ Church Oxf. remoeue] harmes. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) i. l. 691 For-þi wolde I fayn remeue Thy wrong conceyte. a1500 in J. Raine Vol. Eng. Misc. N. Counties Eng. (1890) 59 (MED) No distreyn yt is made wt in ye sayd Burgage schall be remevyd wtowten ye libertye of ye sayd Burgage. 1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 74 Lord..Remufe fra me all frawardness. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. ii. 75 If hee haue neuer drunke wine afore, it will goe neere to remoue his Fit. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 290 When they see Law can discover sin, but not remove . View more context for this quotation 1681 Heraclitus Ridens 15 Nov. 2/2 I thought my Song might have removed your Grubs; but I see some marks still of melancholly upon you. a1714 J. Sharp Serm. (1738) V. ix. 284 He is but half a Physician; he hath palliated our sores and diseases, but he hath not removed them. 1747 W. Gould Acct. Eng. Ants 56 A little Curiosity in Observation will easily remove so plain an Error. 1770 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. xxxix. 102 In the repeal of those acts..the parliament have done every thing, but remove the offence. 1822 Times 26 Mar. 3/5 At St. Helena, the embargo being removed (by the death of Buonaparte), all vessels put in there. 1834 Sporting Mag. 9 2nd Ser. 246/2 A slight shivering was soon removed by a goute of Cognac. 1854 Sci. Amer. 20 May 283/3 This invention consists in diminishing or removing the smell and color from the oily matters that are produced by the destructive distillation of resin. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vii. §6. 405 The death of Norfolk and Northumberland removed the dread of civil war. 1922 Gas Manuf., Distribution & Use (Brit. Commerc. Gas Assoc.) ii. 101/1 To remove this brittleness the metal is re-heated to a moderate temperature..and then allowed to cool slowly. 1953 Times 31 Oct. 5/6 Further..steps can be taken to remove quantitative restrictions on trade to achieve the abolition of such restrictions between member countries. 1998 Guardian 18 July (Saturday section) 3/2 The wingsail would remove all the fuss and bother of sailing, leaving the helmsman to steer the boat, like a driver in the car. †c. transitive. To renounce or disallow (a practice, etc.); to reject or overturn (an opinion, an argument, etc.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > refutation, disproof > refute, disprove [verb (transitive)] answerOE bitavelena1225 allayc1275 confoundc1384 concludea1400 conclusea1400 forblenda1400 gainsaya1400 rejag1402 to bear downc1405 redarguea1425 repugn?a1425 reverse?c1430 improvec1443 reprovea1513 dissolve1529 revince1529 convince1530 confute1533 refel1534 refute1545 void1570 evict1583 infringe1590 reprehend1597 revert1598 evince1608 repel1613 to take off1618 unbubblea1640 invalid1643 invalidate1649 remove1652 retund1653 effronta1657 dispute1659 unreason1661 have1680 demolish1691 to blow sky-high1819 c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 196 Crist in the same chapiter..removed pilgrimagis. 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 168 Having thus refuted, or upon good ground removed som Opinions of antient Lawyers. 1798 J. Root Rep. Superior Court & Supreme Court of Errors 1 573 By the granting of a new trial at large, in a cause, the force and effect of the judgement, is entirely removed. †7. a. intransitive. To move slightly; to make a small movement; to stir. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > move [verb (intransitive)] stira1000 icchec1175 wag?c1225 movea1325 routa1325 to-wawea1375 removea1400 sway?a1400 trotc1430 ayrec1440 quinch1511 walk1533 twitch1542 shift1595 jee1727 to get around1849 a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 318 (MED) Þou schalt binde him in sich a maner þat þe rib þat is to-broke ne mowe not remoue ne falle doun aȝen. ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 37 (MED) There come a sodeine wynde that smote the ladi that she might not stere nor remeue more thanne a stone. a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 2943 (MED) He..Rerys hym vpp & remevys in hys sete riche. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1928) xxiv. 108 These are the v. wyttes remeuynge [1517 remenynge, 1554 remouyng, 1555 remeuing] inwardlye. c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1925) I. i. 2704 Gaudifere sat as man of mane That..remouit nocht for the dynt. 1601 R. Hakluyt tr. A. Galvano Discov. World 46 There is further a kinde of herbe there growing, which followeth the sunne, and remooveth after it. b. intransitive. To change position; to move a short distance or in a certain direction. Also transitive (reflexive). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > move the body or a member [verb (intransitive)] > shift one's place or position turnOE remuea1393 removea1400 hitch1618 a1400 Prose Life Christ (Pepys) (1922) 67 (MED) Whan Jesus seiȝ þat, he remoeued hym and cleped hem to hym & badde hem þat hij schulden leten þe children comen to hym. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 1594 (MED) He vp-on his hors-bak Kepte hym so wel, for al þat fel stroke Remevinge nat. c1470 tr. R. D'Argenteuil's French Bible (Cleveland) (1977) 79 (MED) The hede of this dragon turnid toward the cuntre and remeued him not tille themperoure had wonne the cuntre. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lv. 186 He remoued no more for the stroke then it had ben a strong walle. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 864 The lenth of ane rude braid he gart him remufe. 1595 V. Saviolo Practise H ij b Remoue with your right foot a little back toward his left side. 1711 E. Ward Life Don Quixote II. 156 Prithee remove a little wide, Some Paces from my Horse's Side. 1726 E. Ward News from Madrid 53 The Dev'l possess'd him so, As to remove him to and fro. 1751 E. Haywood Hist. Betsy Thoughtless IV. xxi. 264 Withdrawing herself from the hold he had taken of her, and removing a little farther on the bench as if to give him room to sit. c. transitive. To move, to stir (a part of the body). Also occasionally intransitive (of a part of the body) to move, to stir. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > move (the body or a member) [verb (transitive)] > move (a member) stir?c1225 wawc1290 remove1483 wag1596 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 262 b/2 Whan the tyraunte sawe that he remeuyd yet his lyppes..[he] smote hym wyth hys knyf to the herte. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccclxix. 606 The church that day was so full of noblenesse, that a man might nat a remoued his fete. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xxi. 58 b Pulling and remouing your ioyntes as before is said. 1619 E. Bert Approved Treat. Hawkes vii. 12 My Hawke should be made, leisurely, to remooue her feete one after another, forward and backeward. 1696 D. Manley Royal Mischief iii. i 21 Admiration here has Fixt my Feet unable to remove. 8. a. transitive. Usually with from, out of. To persuade (a person) to change a belief, not to pursue a particular course of action, etc.; to sway, to dissuade. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > demotivation > demotivate [verb (transitive)] > discourage remove?a1425 discourage1437 revoke1447 disporta1450 to take offa1616 to work off1627 to put off1631 dishearten1634 disinvitea1641 to put or set (anyone) by1768 eyebrow1876 ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 100 A wille which is maad myȝti in þe blood of my sone..may no feend ne creature remoue, for ȝoure wille is ioyned to ȝou of me wiþ a free choys. a1450 St. Katherine (Richardson 44) (1884) 58 (MED) Þe Tyraunt, hopynge to haue remoued somme of hem from her purpos by drede of peynes, bad þat þey scholde be peyned by dyuerse tormentes. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 184/2 He wold haue comen unto our presence but that hys conscyence hath remeuyd hym. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxxi. 314 They coude nat remoue him out of that purpose. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxiii All the tounes rounde about, wer permanent and stiffe on the parte of kyng Henry, and could not bee remoued. 1647 T. May Hist. Parl. i. viii. 94 But the King was hard to be removed from his resolution. 1654 tr. M. Martini Bellum Tartaricum 167 Nor would he ever be removed from this unhumane sentence. 1673 I. Basire Dead Mans Real Speech 85 For all those his Tryals, both at home and abroad, he was never moved, much less removed from his stedfast Belief. 1819 Jewish Expositor & Friend of Israel 4 283/2 Nothing..shall be able to separate me from him..who so kindly has pitied me, has removed me from my sinful ways, that he may lead me to heaven. 1850 A. M. Hall Pilgrimages Eng. Shrines 276 Hogarth maintained his opinion unflinchingly: he was not to be moved or removed from his resolve. 1912 J. Stephens Crock of Gold (1917) xv. 163 Although the others reasoned with him for a long time they could not..remove him from his purpose. †b. transitive. Of a feeling, quality, etc.: to affect (the heart); to move (a person, a person's thoughts, etc.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)] rineOE afaite?c1225 stir?c1225 movea1325 amovec1380 inspire1390 commove1393 informa1398 toucha1400 embracec1430 rore1481 alter1529 to carry away?1529 raise1533 removea1540 heavec1540 affect?1548 carry1570 inmove1583 infecta1586 worka1616 unthaw1699 emove1835 emotionize1855 emotion1875 a1540 (c1460) G. Hay tr. Bk. King Alexander 3906 For ioy and sorrow baith his hart removit. ?1600 J. Lyly Loves Metamorphosis iv. ii Men, whose loues are built on truth, and whose hearts are remoued by curtesie. 1632 J. Vicars tr. Virgil XII Aeneids iv. 105 But none of all her treats or bitter teares Remove his thoughts. †9. intransitive. To change in form or character; to alter, to shift; to transform into something else. Also transitive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > transform [verb (transitive)] wendOE forshapeOE workOE awendOE makec1175 turna1200 forwenda1325 change1340 shape1362 transmewc1374 transposec1380 puta1382 convertc1384 exchangea1400 remue?a1400 makea1425 reduce?a1425 removec1425 resolvea1450 transvertc1450 overchangec1480 mew1512 transmutea1513 wring1524 reduct1548 transform1556 innovate1561 metamorphose1576 transume1579 metamorphize1587 transmove1590 transchangea1599 transfashion1601 deflect1613 fordo1624 entail1628 transmutate1632 distila1637 to make much (also little, something, nothing, etc.) of1637 transqualify1652 unconvert1654 simulate1658 spend1668 transverse1687 hocus-pocus1774 mutate1796 fancy1801 to change around1871 metamorphosize1888 catalyse1944 morph1996 the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > be transformed [verb (intransitive)] wortheOE awendOE golOE turnc1275 changec1300 runc1384 to run into ——c1384 fare1398 writhea1400 transmewc1400 returnc1475 transume1480 convert1549 transform1597 remove1655 transeate1657 transmute1675 make1895 metamorphose1904 shapeshift1927 metamorphize1943 metamorphosize1967 morph1992 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. l. 1872 (MED) Hercules wer nat strong to bynde..Wommannes herte to make it nat remeve. c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 25 J haue wrethe in myn herte whan ye remeeven [a1475 (?a1430) Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man turnyd; Fr. mues] it [sc. bread] in to quik flesh. a1500 Wisdom of Solomon (Cambr. Kk.1.5) in R. Girvan Ratis Raving & Other Early Scots Poems (1939) 182 Al thingis that god has maid ar gud and perpetuall in thare kinde and nature, suppos thai be ay Remowand in singularite. 1655 Campion's Art of composing Musick in Parts in J. Playford Introd. Skill Musick ii. 5 That which is an eight shall remove into a fift. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1512v.c1380
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