| 释义 |
resinn.adj. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French reisine; Latin rēsīna. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman reisine, resin, Anglo-Norman and Middle French resine (French résine , †resine ) sticky substance secreted by various trees (end of the 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman; the sense ‘substance with natural properties resembling those of resin’ is apparently not paralleled in French until later: 1694 (in resine de jalap ) in the source translated in quot. 1712 at sense A. 2) and its etymon classical Latin rēsīna sticky substance secreted by various trees, probably borrowed, like ancient Greek ῥητίνη (in same sense), from a non-Indo-European language. Compare Old Occitan resina (13th cent.), Catalan resina (13th cent.), Spanish resina (early 13th cent.), Portuguese resina (13th cent.), Italian resina (a1292). Compare rosin n., and also perrosin n. and its French etymon. With the use as adjective compare earlier resinose adj., resinous adj., resiny adj.It has been suggested that the following Old English gloss to a lemma of uncertain meaning might represent an early borrowing of Latin rēsīna (see H. D. Meritt Some of Hardest Glosses in Old English (1968) 80):OE Brussels Gloss. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 300 Pissli, reosan.However, the gloss has alternatively (and more convincingly) been explained as an error for peosan (plural), an otherwise unattested variant form of pease n. (see P. Bierbaumer Der botanische Wortschatz des Altenglischen (1979) III. 193). A. n. 1. the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > [noun] > gum or resin society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other vegetable materials > plant resin > [noun] a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1969) Jer. li. 8 Takeþ recyne gumme [a1425 L.V. recyn; L. resinam] to his sorewe. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 166v Þere ben cedres and palmes & cipresse & olyue, and þe lycour and reysyn þer of ben chief medicynes. a1400 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell (1845) I. 51 (MED) Tak the grees of an urcheon and the fatte of a bare and resynes, [etc.]. a1425 (c1395) (Royal) (1850) Jer. viii. 22 Whether resyn [a1382 E.V. gumme; L. resina] is not in Galaad? c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich (1896) 225 (MED) Do þer to pouder recles, of resyn, & aparty of virgyne wex. a1552 J. Leland (1711) V. 75 The Wood of them in Burning savorith of Resine. 1694 J. Pechey 333 The resin of Storax, which is sold in the Shops is two-fold, dry and liquid. 1744 G. Berkeley (ESTC T72826) §18 A good pine might be made to yield resin every year. 1801 5 366 Benzoic acid has been hitherto found in no other vegetable substance, except resins and balsams. 1876 J. Harley (ed. 6) 409 Resin possesses the valuable quality of adhesiveness, and it is also slightly stimulant. 1899 H. B. Cushman 228 In case of sores, they applied a poultice of pounded ground ivy for a few days, then carefully washing the afflicted part with the resin of the copal-tree. 1961 46/1 He tried to abolish human sacrifice in Tula and limit worship to the burning of copal (resin) as incense. 1985 S. Hood (1988) 99 The fire..was pungent with resin from the pine logs. 2004 J. Emsley (2006) vi. 191 The aromatic resin which exudes from cuts in the bark of the mastic tree (Pistacia lentiscus). the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] > a) narcotic drug(s) > marijuana or cannabis 1980 D. Francis ix. 113 A present of some greeny-yellow Lebanese resin to sprinkle..on tobacco. 1995 15 Nov. i. 6/6 In the past there were just two types of cannabis—herbal and resin. 2003 I. Banks (2004) i. 22 When I first started smoking the occasional joint it was always resin crumbled into tobacco. 2008 4 May (Review section) 6/5 ‘Soap bar’ was hash resin that tripled in weight on its journey from Morocco to Britain through adulteration. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > processed resinous materials > [noun] > resinous precipitate or extract society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > synthetic resins and plastics > [noun] > synthetic resin 1681 Table of Hard Words in S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Resine, a chymical extraction of several druggs so called, being in substance like to rosine or resine. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. I. 29/1 The Resin or Magistery of Jalap is made with Spirit of Wine. 1806 W. Henry (ed. 4) i. xxi. 300 The properties of animal resins have not been fully investigated. 1883 5 338 Concentrated sulphuric acid on a mixture of benzoic aldehyde and resorcin gave a reddish resin. 1909 3 1818 Process of manufacturing synthetic resins as substitutes for shellac, consisting in treating o-cresol with formaldehyde in the presence of an acid. 1943 Aug. 858 (heading) Ion exchange resins. New tools for process industries. 1976 182/1 Probably the cheapest resin to use for plastic bottles is polystyrene. 2002 Feb. 48/2 Vinylester is more flexible than other resins and is therefore less prone to cracking after long use. 2007 2 July 14/1 A hyperrealist sculpture made from resin, polystyrene, and fibreboard. B. adj. ( attributive). the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > [adjective] > containing, producing, or covered with resin or gum 1834 G. P. R. James in W. C. Taylor 20 The wide kitchen..was only lighted by one small resin candle. 1912 14 319 The stone and the resin figurine [may] each be looked upon as a substitute for gold figurines which they are made to resemble so closely. 1947 P. I. Smith i. 8 (caption) Catalin cast resin sheets can readily be cut to decorative shapes by using a power fret saw. 1991 S. Bowman (BNC) 150 The British Museum produces and sells resin copies of some of the more famous antiquities. 1992 (Nexis) 30 Jan. t9 At Neotu..Olivier Vendrine showed a blue resin chair that looked like pulled taffy. 2006 No. 49. 152/2 This cold-cast resin statue of Final Fantasy VIII's main protagonist was produced in extremely limited quantities. Compounds C1. a. General attributive. the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > [noun] > gum or resin a1382Recyne gumme [see sense A. 1a]. 1856 25 Oct. 53/1 These vegetable resin gums..are only obtained in limited quantities and at considerable expense. 1985 R. Fernandez 32 Asafoetida...Obtained from a resin gum. 1790 W. Nicholson tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy (new ed.) III. xiv. 289 (heading) Of resin lac [Fr. De la Resine Lacque]. 1839 A. Ure 1097 The Hindus from time immemorial have possessed the resin lac. 1958 W. Willetts I. iv. 194 Indian, Burmese, and Sinhalese lacquer..is what we in the West call ‘resin lac’ or ‘shellac’. 1851 7 Dec. 3/4 The pitch or resin pot was placed on the gravel. 1940 35 256/2 Near by was the resin pot, and sometimes the resin got splashed on the heap of linen. 1808 Nov. 447/2 These new tapers have a tawny colour, duller than that of bees wax, or of resin soap. 1951 R. Mayer (new ed.) iii. 148 The commercial metallic resinates or insoluble resin soaps are of two kinds: fused and precipitated. 1999 44 280/2 Aqueous cleaning systems (enzymes, surfactants and resin soaps). 1880 A. Besant tr. F. C. C. L. Buchner 245 Propolis, also called stopping wax and resin wax. 1991 30 174/1 The hot-stage melting point study..also indicates the presence of low-melting components such as a resin-wax in addition to the oil medium of the green paint. b. Instrumental, etc. 1944 1/2 Where for any reason the use of some material other than rubber is necessary, cellulose acetate or resin based adhesives may be adopted. 1990 May 41/2 There is also..an acrylic resin based varnish that may be used in conjunction with the gouache. 2007 J. F. Siler xxiii. 370 The event was moved to a utilitarian mezzanine, with cinder block walls and a resin-based floor. 1928 1/1 I prefer to employ one of the laminated synthetic resin-bonded bodies, such as that known in the trade as ‘Celoron’. 1959 16 Jan. 86/1 This year there are in evidence still more hulls either moulded or sheathed in resin-bonded glass fibre. 2008 (Nexis) 26 Oct. (Home section) 42 Their external walls are made of resin-bonded recycled wood and paper fibre. 1813 J. Evans III. 17 Strip the Chestnut's resin-coated bud. 1907 G. A. Fischer xvii. 300 They would make a bon-fire of a patch of greasewood, the resin-coated leaves and twigs of which lent themselves readily for this purpose. 1992 6 Aug. (Fashion Suppl.) 5/3 Kevlar is a resin-coated fibre used in bullet-proof vests. 1942 12 Oct. 490/2 All the resin finished fabrics gave positive tests..for the presence of a urea formaldehyde condensation product on the fiber. 1958 58 1387/1 Sometimes a uniform or other garment made of resin-finished cotton will pucker at the seams when it is washed. 2007 A. 301 465/2 The general behaviour of resin-finished cotton giving much lower dye uptake..is very clear. 1906 July 189/1 Over the sheathing it is a good plan to apply one or two thicknesses of heavy waterproof resin-impregnated roofing paper. 1954 J. Corbett 90 Pine torches, made of twelve to eighteen inches long splinters of resin-impregnated pine-wood cut from a living tree. 1992 Jan. 5/1 I have my seat hoods anodized matte black and fill the barrel with resin-impregnated cocobolo. 1865 W. H. Harvey & O. W. Sonder III. 117 Strongly resin-scented S. African shrubs. 1937 J. Betjeman 11 Drained dark the pines in resin-scented rain. 1991 (Royal Hort. Soc.) Apr. 190/2 Here are several more prostantheras, shrubby mint relatives with deliciously resin-scented leaves. 1892 A. Rives 238 Wilful's hoofs..crunched upon the dry resin-tipped cones of last year's growth. 2007 (Nexis) 1 Jan. e1 She dips the tip of the toothpick into the resin..and..touches the snowflake with the resin-tipped point. 1942 25 Apr. 270/2 Rips and tears..are easily and quickly mended..by use of a new resin-treated mending material now on the market. 1999 C. Mendelson lvii. 680/1 Resin-treated all-cotton sheets have varying degrees of resistance to wrinkling. C2. Cf. related compounds at rosin n.1847 C. Morfit xv. 131 The formation of yellow soap from resin, depends on the direct combination of the resin acids with soda. 1922 J. J. Sudborough (new ed.) xlii. 631 Amber is a fossil resin which contains succinic acid in addition to resin-acids and a volatile oil. 1991 2 Nov. 19/3 The caterpillars which fed on pine needles with a high content of resin acid produced larger and more viscous droplets. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular tree or plant yielding useful gum or resin > [noun] > African 1822 W. J. Burchell I. 259 The inhabitants of this district, when in want of resin, use as a substitute, a gum which exudes from different species of shrubs; which they therefore call Harpuis bosch (resin bush). 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore I. 479/2 Euryops speciosissimus is called Resin-bush by the colonists, because of a gummy exudation often seen on the stem and leaves. 1911 XVII. 873/2 Cape mastic is the produce of Euryops multifidus, the resin bush, or harpuis bosch of the Boers. 2000 31 200 Euryops multifidus (resin bush), a South African shrub that was introduced into southern Arizona in 1938, is not eaten by domestic or native herbivores. the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > associated with particular type of plant > trees > consisting of pathological production of gum 1887 H. E. F. Garnsey & I. B. Balfour tr. H. A. de Bary 384 While the mycelium [sc. of Agaricus melleus] is..mounting in the stem, it kills the living tissue and ultimately the whole tree... The symptoms of disease which precede death in fir-trees are known as ‘resin-flux’ (‘Harzsticken, Harzüberfülle’). Note, The word resin-flux is therefore introduced as indicating a prominent symptom of the disease, although it is not an exact rendering of the German terms. 1889 J. T. Bucknill ix. 116 Use a solder which melts (with resin flux) only at a high temperature. 1902 XXXI. 578/1 Outflows of resin—Resinosis—also come under this general heading; but although some resin-fluxes are traced to the destructive action of Agaricus melleus in Conifers, others..are still in need of explanation. 1910 G. Massee 355 In the case of conifers a considerable accumulation of resin is present at the collar; for this reason the disease [sc. infection with Armillaria fungus] was at one time known as resin-flux. 1996 S. J. Bigelow v. 101 Resin flux can be purchased as a paste that can be brushed into conductors before soldering. 1875 J. Hunter 98 A vessel should next be obtained..made of the best yellow pine, perfectly free from stakes, knots, or resin-galls, and not more than a quarter of an inch thick. 1896 W. R. Fisher V. 71 Isolated trees are more subject to resin-galls than those grown in a dense wood. 1921 H. Stone i. iii. 52 In the Cedar of Lebanon resin-galls are very small and have been taken for vertical resin-canals. 1904 F. V. Theobald i. 84 (heading) The Resin Gall Moth (Retinia resinella, L.). 1951 24 127 [Evetria] resinella L., the pine resin-gall moth. 1992 50 145 (title) Height growth loss in Scots pine infested by the pine resin gall moth, Retinia resinella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic gases > [noun] > other named 1828 iv. xxvi. 179 In chemical science but few discoveries have been made during the past year, and of these the only two of real importance are the discovery of the disinfectants, by M. Labarraque, and the generation of resin gas by Mr. Daniell. 1891 A. Baxter xiv. 156/1 1857... The Gas Light Company were granted the privilege to manufacture and sell resin gas instead of coal gas. 1895 J. H. Comstock & A. B. Comstock xix. 447 The Resin-gnat, Diplosis resinicola..—This species infests the branches of various species of pine. 1915 8 97 The so-called resin gnats,..whose larvæ live in the resin exuding from the injured twigs of pines. 1930 (ed. 2) X. 61/2 The Hessian fly that infests wheat.., and also the resin gnat that infests pine. 1852 L. B. MacKinnon I. 268 I found that he had spoken the truth, and that the resin grass, or weed, had peculiar leaves which always grew in the same direction. 1909 20 1 Our only described species of Cecidomyia comparable to the Monterey pine resin midge in general habits is C. (Diplosis) resinicola. 1945 26 296/1 Resin midge (Retinodiplosis sp.), a small fly, lays its eggs on twigs of young ponderosa pine. 1990 83 485/1 At least three species of resin midges colonize Monterey pine. 1833 xxv. 419 Common resin being procured it is distilled..and the product is known under the name of resin oil. 1855 30 Nov. 15/2 Large quantities of resin oil, or pine oil, as it is generally called, are made in the metropolis. 1992 37 75/2 Whereas pure basic lead white shows minor thermal effects..pure wax and a resin-oil paint exhibit strong exothermic peaks at medium and higher temperatures. society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > opal > [noun] > varieties of the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > amorphous quartz or opal > others 1850 J. D. Dana (ed. 3) App. 691 A Resin opal from Vourla, near Smyrna, having a grayish-green color, afforded Mr. Brush 5-10 per cent of water. 1902 No. 177. 17 Resin opal, white, yellow, and black. 1997 A. W. Eckert vi. 181 (caption) Resin opal in matrix. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular tree or plant yielding useful gum or resin > [noun] > of South America or West Indies > other South American gum trees 1846 W. J. A. Bradford 17 The sunflower, the artichoke, and the resin plant, grow abundantly in places. 1884 W. Miller 115/1 Resin-plant, Carana, Bursera acuminata. 1899 (N. Dakota Agric. Experiment Station) Apr. 628 Grindelia squarrosa... Broad-leaved Gum-plant. Resin Plant. The leaves and flowers constitute an official drug said to be of benefit as a curative of catarrh. 1951 (Royal Hort. Soc.) IV. 1751/1 Resin plant, a name applied to a variety of plants, including..Bursera acuminata. 1889 20 Dec. 416/1 With the resin washes for the red scale, and the Vedalia for the white scale, the citrus industry will again move forward. 1946 39 161 Among the plant sources of insecticidal material are the following:..resin wash for Citrus scales. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Compositae (composite plants) > [noun] > compass-plant or silphium 1838 E. Flagg II. xxx. 92 The merry note of the skylark, whistling, with speckled vest and dew-wet wing, upon the resin-weed. 1852 L. B. MacKinnon I. 268 I found that he had spoken the truth, and that the resin grass, or weed, had peculiar leaves which always grew in the same direction. 1869 F. Parkman xvii. 206 The meadows..spangled with the yellow blossoms of the resin-weed and the Rudbeckia. 1936 25 Dec. The compass plant (Silphium laciniatum) is native to the prairie regions and is also called resinweed. 1976 T. F. Niehaus 212 Idaho Resin Weed. Grindelia nana. The rounded flower heads have completely looped and hooked bract tips with a distinct white gummy liquid between them. 1996 A. P. Knight in L. D. Lewis (ed. 2) xviii. 326/2 Gumweed or resinweed (Grindelia spp.). This is a secondary selenium accumulator. C3. Botany. 1855 J. W. Griffith & A. Henfrey (1856) 572/2 Resin-canals occur also in the common lime. 1924 W. S. Jones iv. 24 The presence of resin canals in dicotyledonous woods is, as in the case of Conifers, of considerable diagnostic value. 2000 P. R. Bell & A. R. Hemsley (ed. 2) viii. 231/2 The resin canals of conifers..run longitudinally in the leaves and xylem, and also transversely in some of the larger rays. the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > [noun] > gum or resin > production or part producing 1854 10 ii. 4 In form the amber is either like drops,..or as the casts of resin-ducts and cavities. 1914 J. J. Levison viii. 222 The woods of the pines, spruces, larches, and Douglas fir differ from those of the other conifers in having resin ducts. 1997 I. D. Gourlay in A. Farjon & B. T. Styles 31/1 The genus Pinus is readily distinguished from other genera by the presence of resin ducts distributed throughout the growth ring and surrounded by thin-walled epithelial cells. 1842 8 329 The resin-passages of the Coniferæ. They are long canals which run lengthwise, both in the bark of the leaf-stalk and of the stem. 1886 11 206 In the cortex of the white pine the number of resin passages was found in some instances to be as high as 47 in a stem of one year's growth. 1914 M. Drummond tr. G. Haberlandt 521 In the scale-leaves of Thuja and Biota, the resin-passages which are so characteristic a feature of the needles of Pinus and Abies are replaced by glands of rounded outline. 1991 96 42/1 The resin passages are tube-like structures found throughout the stem, including both the bark and wood. 1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary 441 Among the Coniferæ all investigated species..have resin-passages or resin-reservoirs. 1907 D. P. Penhallow ix. 130 We have here a group of six genera all characterized by the presence of structurally similar resin reservoirs. 1921 E. Schneider (ed. 2) ii. 442 Pimenta... Large resin reservoirs. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). resinv. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: resin n. Etymology: < resin n. Compare French résiner to rub or cover with resin (1553 in Middle French, and subsequently from 1845, in this form; already 1382 in Middle French as raisinner ). Compare earlier rosin v. society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > making or fitting instruments > accessories [verb (transitive)] > rosin string or bow 1760 R. Griffith & E. Griffith (ed. 2) I. viii. 12 I change the Strings, resin [1757 (ed. 1) rosin] my Bow, Praise on Alcides to bestow. 1804 G. Huddesford 57 A thousand ways I turn'd each screw, And resin'd every string anew. 1865 tr. L. Spohr II. 69 The bow, which she had previously resined. 1908 M. F. Childs 101 I's tooken down de fiddle, an' resined up de bow. 1927 P. Dunning & G. Abbot ix. 89 Roy..was lovingly resining his shoes, working it into the soles with a pen-knife. 2005 2 Dec. d2/4 Thin, studious, bespectacled teenagers..fingering quick passages on their instruments, resining their bows or fervently marking their music. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.adj.a1382 v.1760 |
