† renforcev.

Forms: late Middle English–1600s renforce, 1500s re'nforce, 1500s renforse, 1500s r'inforce, 1500s–1600s r'enforce; Scottish pre-1700 renforse.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: French renforcer ; re- prefix, enforce v.

Etymology: < Middle French renforcer (French renforcer ) to reinforce, strengthen (1155 in Old French as renforcier ) < re- re- prefix + enforcer , enforcier enforce v. In sense 2 perhaps independently < re- prefix + enforce v. Compare slightly later re-enforce v., reinforce v. Compare also ranforce v., ramforce v.

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To reinforce, strengthen.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > strengthening or confirmation of immaterial things > strengthen or confirm immaterial things [verb (transitive)]

strengha1175

strengthc1200

astrengthc1250

strength1340

confirmc1386

affirma1393

forcec1430

renforce?1473

corrobore1485

re-enforcec1485

reinforcec1485

stronga1500

consolidate?a1547

strengthen1546

sinewize1600

sinew1625

confortate1651

nervate1682

scaffolda1693

corroborate1698

substantiate1792

nerve1856

stouten1887

affirm1899

toughen1901

to put stuffing into1938

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > reinforce

enforce1340

stuffc1400

renforce?1473

relieve1487

supply1487

refreshc1500

ranforce1547

strengthen1548

re-enforce1579

reinforce1589

seconda1609

recrew1637

recruit1642

society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > practise logistics [verb (transitive)] > provision > strengthen with fresh supplies

fortify1470

renforce?1473

relieve1487

re-enforce1579

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fortify [verb (transitive)]

fastenOE

enfirm1297

ofstrengthc1325

strengthc1325

warnc1330

ward1340

warnestorec1374

abattlec1380

embattlec1380

fortify1436

bulwark1450

strengthen1450

bastille1480

enstrength1483

rempare1525

munite1533

fence1535

force1535

ranforce1547

rampire1550

fort1559

ramforce1570

fortificate1575

refortify1579

ensconce1590

munify1596

sconce1598

renforce1602

harness1611

munish1633

tackle1645

schanze1901

?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) II. lf. 284 Alle her cyte strongly fortefyed and renforced of wallys and bulwerkis.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. cxiv. [cx.] 327 I am yet wyllynge to treate of this matter more at lengthe, to renforce this hystorye.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) 5 He renforsit the toune vitht victualis, hagbutaris, ande munitions.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxv. 253 Arte is an ayde and coadiutor to nature..by renforcing the causes wherein shee is impotent and defectiue.

1602 W. Segar Honor Mil. & Civill i. xvi. 23 Having omitted opportunitie to renforce a place of strength called Petra.

1668 H. P. Cressy Church-hist. Brittany i. iii. 4 Claudius himself in the fourth yeare of his raign resolved to make an expedition: for which purpose renforcing his Army,..he went down to Oslia.

2. transitive. To force (a person) to go back to a place. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > to do something > again

renforce1590

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. Y2^v Yet twise they were repulsed backe againe, And twise renforst, backe to their ships to fly.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	renforce
释义	† renforcev. Forms: late Middle English–1600s renforce, 1500s re'nforce, 1500s renforse, 1500s r'inforce, 1500s–1600s r'enforce; Scottish pre-1700 renforse. Origin: A borrowing from French. Perhaps also partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: French renforcer ; re- prefix, enforce v. Etymology: < Middle French renforcer (French renforcer ) to reinforce, strengthen (1155 in Old French as renforcier ) < re- re- prefix + enforcer , enforcier enforce v. In sense 2 perhaps independently < re- prefix + enforce v. Compare slightly later re-enforce v., reinforce v. Compare also ranforce v., ramforce v. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To reinforce, strengthen. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > strengthening or confirmation of immaterial things > strengthen or confirm immaterial things [verb (transitive)] strengha1175 strengthc1200 astrengthc1250 strength1340 confirmc1386 affirma1393 forcec1430 renforce?1473 corrobore1485 re-enforcec1485 reinforcec1485 stronga1500 consolidate?a1547 strengthen1546 sinewize1600 sinew1625 confortate1651 nervate1682 scaffolda1693 corroborate1698 substantiate1792 nerve1856 stouten1887 affirm1899 toughen1901 to put stuffing into1938 society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > reinforce enforce1340 stuffc1400 renforce?1473 relieve1487 supply1487 refreshc1500 ranforce1547 strengthen1548 re-enforce1579 reinforce1589 seconda1609 recrew1637 recruit1642 society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > practise logistics [verb (transitive)] > provision > strengthen with fresh supplies fortify1470 renforce?1473 relieve1487 re-enforce1579 society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fortify [verb (transitive)] fastenOE enfirm1297 ofstrengthc1325 strengthc1325 warnc1330 ward1340 warnestorec1374 abattlec1380 embattlec1380 fortify1436 bulwark1450 strengthen1450 bastille1480 enstrength1483 rempare1525 munite1533 fence1535 force1535 ranforce1547 rampire1550 fort1559 ramforce1570 fortificate1575 refortify1579 ensconce1590 munify1596 sconce1598 renforce1602 harness1611 munish1633 tackle1645 schanze1901 ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) II. lf. 284 Alle her cyte strongly fortefyed and renforced of wallys and bulwerkis. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. cxiv. [cx.] 327 I am yet wyllynge to treate of this matter more at lengthe, to renforce this hystorye. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) 5 He renforsit the toune vitht victualis, hagbutaris, ande munitions. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxv. 253 Arte is an ayde and coadiutor to nature..by renforcing the causes wherein shee is impotent and defectiue. 1602 W. Segar Honor Mil. & Civill i. xvi. 23 Having omitted opportunitie to renforce a place of strength called Petra. 1668 H. P. Cressy Church-hist. Brittany i. iii. 4 Claudius himself in the fourth yeare of his raign resolved to make an expedition: for which purpose renforcing his Army,..he went down to Oslia. 2. transitive. To force (a person) to go back to a place. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > to do something > again renforce1590 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. Y2^v Yet twise they were repulsed backe againe, And twise renforst, backe to their ships to fly. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < v.?1473
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