† ˈbicchedadj.

Forms: Also Middle English–1500s byched, 1500s bychyde, biched.

Etymology: Origin unknown.[Bicched appears rather early to be certainly referable to bitch n.¹ in an opprobrious sense, from which moreover the formation is not easily explained (for shrewed there was a verb to shrew.) The conjecture has been offered that it was a contracted form of Middle English biwicced ‘bewitched’; but for this no evidence or analogy has been found. In bicched bones applied to dice, some have suggested a corruption of Dutch bikkel ‘knuckle-bone, astragalus, cockal, bone-plaything, dice, marbles,’ German bickel ‘ankle, ankle-bone, astragalus, die, dice’; this is possible, but would suppose an English series *bikkel, *bicchel, bicche, bicched bone, of which the most important links are neither represented nor accounted for, and it would only show assimilation of *bikkel to the opprobrious bicched, leaving the latter unexplained. That bicched bone could be for a Dutch *bikked been ‘bone picked with holes or pips,’ is highly improbable: moreover, this would not connect the expression with Dutch bikkel, since the latter (whether or not connected with bikkel a pickaxe, bikken to pick, or notch) certainly did not mean ‘bone picked with holes,’ but was a name of the ankle, and of the astragalus or knuckle-bone used in play, long before it passed over to dice. See Grimm s.v.

Obsolete.

a. Precise meaning unknown: in general the sense ‘Cursed, execrable, shrewed,’ suits the context.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > state of being accursed > [adjective] > as everyday imprecation

stinking?c1225

misbegetc1325

banned1340

cursefula1382

wariablea1382

cursedc1386

biccheda1400

maledighta1400

vilea1400

accursedc1400

whoresona1450

remauldit?1473

execrable1490

infamous1490

unbicheda1500

jolly1534

bloodyc1540

mangy?1548

pagan1550

damned1563

misbegotten1571

putid1580

desperate1581

excremental1591

inexecrable?1594

sacred1594

putrid1628

sad1664

blasted1682

plagued1728

damnation1757

infernal1764

damn1775

pesky1775

deuced1782

shocking1798

blessed1806

darned1815

dinged1821

anointed1823

goldarn1830

darn1835

cussed1837

blamed1840

unholy1842

verdomde1850

bleeding1858

ghastly1860

goddam1861

blankety1872

blame1876

bastard1877

God-awful1877

dashed1881

sodding1881

bally1885

ungodly1887

blazing1888

dee1889

motherfucking1890

blistering1900

plurry1900

Christly1910

blinking1914

blethering1915

blighted1915

blighting1916

soddish1922

somethinged1922

effing1929

Jesus1929

dagnab1934

bastarding1944

Christless1947

mother-loving1948

mothering1951

pussyclaat1957

mother-grabbing1959

pigging1970

a1400 Alexander (Stev.) 165 [The basiliske] A straȝtill and a stithe worme stinkande of elde, And es so bitter, and so breme, and bicchid in himselfe, That..quat he settes on his siȝt, he slaes in a stonde.

a1400 Cov. Myst. 395 Faste, harlotys, go youre gate, And brynge me that bychyd body, I red.

1522 Worlde & Chylde (de Worde) (1909) sig. C.ii^v That bychyde Conscyence.

1533 T. More Apol. xxii, in Wks. 884/2 Helpe me vp agayne with this bichede burdayne & lay it in my necke.

1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance i. v. f. xxxiii^v Any of y^e blessed byched newe broched bretherhed,..playnly proued heretykes.

b. bicched bones n. opprobriously applied to dice.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > die or dice

diec1330

bicched bonesc1386

bonec1405

dalyc1440

huckle-bone1542

devil's bones1597

tat1688

St Hugh's bones1785

ivory1830

astragal1850

c1386 Chaucer Pardoner's Tale 328 This fruyt cometh of the bicched bones two, fforsweryng, Ire, falsnesse, Homycide [So 2 MSS.; 2 read bicche, 1 becched, Wr. bicchid].

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxiv. 319 I was falsly begylyd with thise byched bones; Ther cursyd thay be!

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxiv. 319 The byched bones that ye be—I byd you go bett!

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

单词	bicched
释义	† ˈbicchedadj. Forms: Also Middle English–1500s byched, 1500s bychyde, biched. Etymology: Origin unknown.[Bicched appears rather early to be certainly referable to bitch n.¹ in an opprobrious sense, from which moreover the formation is not easily explained (for shrewed there was a verb to shrew.) The conjecture has been offered that it was a contracted form of Middle English biwicced ‘bewitched’; but for this no evidence or analogy has been found. In bicched bones applied to dice, some have suggested a corruption of Dutch bikkel ‘knuckle-bone, astragalus, cockal, bone-plaything, dice, marbles,’ German bickel ‘ankle, ankle-bone, astragalus, die, dice’; this is possible, but would suppose an English series bikkel, bicchel, bicche, bicched bone, of which the most important links are neither represented nor accounted for, and it would only show assimilation of bikkel to the opprobrious bicched, leaving the latter unexplained. That bicched bone* could be for a Dutch bikked been ‘bone picked with holes or pips,’ is highly improbable: moreover, this would not connect the expression with Dutch bikkel, since the latter (whether or not connected with bikkel* a pickaxe, bikken to pick, or notch) certainly did not mean ‘bone picked with holes,’ but was a name of the ankle, and of the astragalus or knuckle-bone used in play, long before it passed over to dice. See Grimm s.v. Obsolete. a. Precise meaning unknown: in general the sense ‘Cursed, execrable, shrewed,’ suits the context. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > state of being accursed > [adjective] > as everyday imprecation stinking?c1225 misbegetc1325 banned1340 cursefula1382 wariablea1382 cursedc1386 biccheda1400 maledighta1400 vilea1400 accursedc1400 whoresona1450 remauldit?1473 execrable1490 infamous1490 unbicheda1500 jolly1534 bloodyc1540 mangy?1548 pagan1550 damned1563 misbegotten1571 putid1580 desperate1581 excremental1591 inexecrable?1594 sacred1594 putrid1628 sad1664 blasted1682 plagued1728 damnation1757 infernal1764 damn1775 pesky1775 deuced1782 shocking1798 blessed1806 darned1815 dinged1821 anointed1823 goldarn1830 darn1835 cussed1837 blamed1840 unholy1842 verdomde1850 bleeding1858 ghastly1860 goddam1861 blankety1872 blame1876 bastard1877 God-awful1877 dashed1881 sodding1881 bally1885 ungodly1887 blazing1888 dee1889 motherfucking1890 blistering1900 plurry1900 Christly1910 blinking1914 blethering1915 blighted1915 blighting1916 soddish1922 somethinged1922 effing1929 Jesus1929 dagnab1934 bastarding1944 Christless1947 mother-loving1948 mothering1951 pussyclaat1957 mother-grabbing1959 pigging1970 a1400 Alexander (Stev.) 165 [The basiliske] A straȝtill and a stithe worme stinkande of elde, And es so bitter, and so breme, and bicchid in himselfe, That..quat he settes on his siȝt, he slaes in a stonde. a1400 Cov. Myst. 395 Faste, harlotys, go youre gate, And brynge me that bychyd body, I red. 1522 Worlde & Chylde (de Worde) (1909) sig. C.ii^v That bychyde Conscyence. 1533 T. More Apol. xxii, in Wks. 884/2 Helpe me vp agayne with this bichede burdayne & lay it in my necke. 1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance i. v. f. xxxiii^v Any of y^e blessed byched newe broched bretherhed,..playnly proued heretykes. b. bicched bones n. opprobriously applied to dice. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > die or dice diec1330 bicched bonesc1386 bonec1405 dalyc1440 huckle-bone1542 devil's bones1597 tat1688 St Hugh's bones1785 ivory1830 astragal1850 c1386 Chaucer Pardoner's Tale 328 This fruyt cometh of the bicched bones two, fforsweryng, Ire, falsnesse, Homycide [So 2 MSS.; 2 read bicche, 1 becched, Wr. bicchid]. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxiv. 319 I was falsly begylyd with thise byched bones; Ther cursyd thay be! a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxiv. 319 The byched bones that ye be—I byd you go bett! This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < adj.c1386
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