Resh Galutan.

Brit.

/ˌreɪʃ ɡəluːˈtɑː/, U.S.

/ˌreɪʃ ɡəluˈtɑ/

Forms: 1800s Resh Geluta, 1800s– Resch Galuta, 1800s– Resch Glutha, 1800s– Resh Galuta, 1800s– Resh Galutha, 1800s– Resh Glutha, 1900s– Reish Galuta, 1900s– Reish Geluta, 1900s– Resh Golutha. Also with lower case initials.

Origin: A borrowing from Aramaic. Etymon: Aramaic rēš gālūṯā.

Etymology: < Aramaic rēš gālūṯā, literally ‘head of the exiles’ (frequently in both the Jerusalem and the Babylonian Talmud) < rēš , construct state of rēšā head, chief (see ras n.²) + gālūṯā , emphatic form of gālū exile, community of exiled people. Compare Exilarch n., which ultimately shows a calque on the Aramaic compound.The Aramaic compound was twice borrowed into post-biblical Hebrew, first in its original form, and later (probably considerably later) in the form rō᾽š gālūṯ , which shows substitution of the Hebrew cognate rō᾽š (see Rosh Hashanah n.) for the first element of the compound.

Jewish History.

= Exilarch n. Also: a comparable Jewish ruler in Yemen (see quot. 1971).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > exilarch in Babylon

Resh Galuta1829

Exilarch1861

1829 H. H. Milman Hist. Jews III. xix. 160 Babylon, where, during his days of splendour, the Resch-Glutha fixed his residence.

1867 C. M. Yonge Pupils of St. John x. 159 A stately personage..known as the Resch Glutha, or Chief of the Captivity.

1903 Jewish Encycl. V. 293/1 This last story indicates that the resh galuta had by that time become the subject of Mohammedan legend.

1931 C. Roth Jewish Bk. of Days 6 Huna Mari, Prince of the Captivity, executed, 470. This high office (otherwise known as that of Exilarch—Resh Galutha) was enjoyed by the secular head of the ‘exile’ in Babylonia in virtue of his descent from the house of David.

1971 Encycl. Judaica VI. 1031/2 During subsequent periods the nesi'im of Yemen were referred to as resh galuta, although they had no connections with the Babylonian exilarch or the House of David.

2004 Crosscurrents (Nexis) 1 Jan. 580 There was the office of the Exilarch (Resh Galuta) in early medieval Babylonia.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	resh galuta
释义	Resh Galutan. Brit. /ˌreɪʃ ɡəluːˈtɑː/, U.S. /ˌreɪʃ ɡəluˈtɑ/ Forms: 1800s Resh Geluta, 1800s– Resch Galuta, 1800s– Resch Glutha, 1800s– Resh Galuta, 1800s– Resh Galutha, 1800s– Resh Glutha, 1900s– Reish Galuta, 1900s– Reish Geluta, 1900s– Resh Golutha. Also with lower case initials. Origin: A borrowing from Aramaic. Etymon: Aramaic rēš gālūṯā. Etymology: < Aramaic rēš gālūṯā, literally ‘head of the exiles’ (frequently in both the Jerusalem and the Babylonian Talmud) < rēš , construct state of rēšā head, chief (see ras n.²) + gālūṯā , emphatic form of gālū exile, community of exiled people. Compare Exilarch n., which ultimately shows a calque on the Aramaic compound.The Aramaic compound was twice borrowed into post-biblical Hebrew, first in its original form, and later (probably considerably later) in the form rō᾽š gālūṯ , which shows substitution of the Hebrew cognate rō᾽š (see Rosh Hashanah n.) for the first element of the compound. Jewish History. = Exilarch n. Also: a comparable Jewish ruler in Yemen (see quot. 1971). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > exilarch in Babylon Resh Galuta1829 Exilarch1861 1829 H. H. Milman Hist. Jews III. xix. 160 Babylon, where, during his days of splendour, the Resch-Glutha fixed his residence. 1867 C. M. Yonge Pupils of St. John x. 159 A stately personage..known as the Resch Glutha, or Chief of the Captivity. 1903 Jewish Encycl. V. 293/1 This last story indicates that the resh galuta had by that time become the subject of Mohammedan legend. 1931 C. Roth Jewish Bk. of Days 6 Huna Mari, Prince of the Captivity, executed, 470. This high office (otherwise known as that of Exilarch—Resh Galutha) was enjoyed by the secular head of the ‘exile’ in Babylonia in virtue of his descent from the house of David. 1971 Encycl. Judaica VI. 1031/2 During subsequent periods the nesi'im of Yemen were referred to as resh galuta, although they had no connections with the Babylonian exilarch or the House of David. 2004 Crosscurrents (Nexis) 1 Jan. 580 There was the office of the Exilarch (Resh Galuta) in early medieval Babylonia. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1829
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