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单词 rework
释义

reworkn.

Brit. /ˈriːwəːk/, U.S. /ˈriˌwərk/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rework v.
Etymology: < rework v., originally after work n. With sense 2 compare earlier reworking n.
1. Additional or new work; (also) an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > work > [noun] > other types of work
church worka1225
kirk work1418
fieldwork1441
labour of love1592
life's work1660
shop work1696
outwork1707
private practice1724
tide-work1739
sales-work1775
marshing1815
work in progress1815
life-work1837
relief work1844
sharp practice1847
near work1850
slop-work1861
repetition work1866
side work1875
rework1878
wage-slavery1886
work in progress1890
war work1891
busywork1893
screen work1912
staff-work1923
gig work1927
knowledge work1959
WIP1966
telework1970
playwork1986
laboratory work2002
1878 C. H. Middleton Descriptive Catal. Etched Work Rembrandt van Rhym 28 There are also other variations showing rework... There is a rework upon the beard.
1908 A. M. Hind Short Hist. Engraving 256 The first two plates showing rework with the roulette to restore the worn aquatint grain.
1941 E. O. Shreve in H. R. Chapman et al. Marketing Probl. in Def. Econ. 12 This I believe is the real problem..because of having to train a large number of inexperienced workmen, with consequent loss from spoilage and rework.
1989 DesignCenter ii. 22/1 There is little rework and redesign that typically cause major project delays to occur at the end of the project.
2005 Asian Age 28 Sept. 12/6 Some sectors..would be outsourcing their ET services to slash production time and prevent costly rework.
2. An adaptation or reproduction, esp. of a literary or artistic work; a remake, an updated version of something. Cf. rework v. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > making or fashioning anew > [noun] > product of
refashionment1829
recast1841
rework1906
makeover1925
1906 Burlington Mag. Aug. 343/2 So bad a rework as the Man with a Crucifix and Chain.
1920 Proc. 29th Ann. Session Illinois State Beekeepers' Assoc. 72 These papers..are a rework of ideas, theories, advice and beliefs that have been collected during the past generations.
1956 Billboard 4 Feb. 48/2 Beyond the Mighty River... Another of the many reworks of the great melody, ‘The Londonderry Air’.
1977 Pop. Mech. May 64/1 There will also be an optional V6, a new engine, not a rework of the Buick Six.
2006 R. Gage Why you're Dumb, Sick, & Broke i. 21 Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, and House of the Flying Daggers..are just reworks of Romeo and Juliet.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

reworkv.

Brit. /ˌriːˈwəːk/, U.S. /riˈwərk/
Forms: see re- prefix and work v.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: re- prefix, work v.
Etymology: < re- prefix + work v. Compare earlier reworking n. Compare also earlier unwork v.
1.
a. transitive. To work (something) again or in return; esp. to subject to a process of change by further effort. Occasionally intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > manufacture or produce [verb (transitive)] > again
rework1645
remanufacture1763
to work over1832
1645 A. Ross Philos. Touch-stone 26 When you hold ice in your hand, you will not have the ice by its coldnesse to worke on your hand, nor your hand by its heat to re-worke on the ice.
1728 Abridgem. Statutes rel. to Excise 304 Persons reworking their Chocolate, shall make Proof before the Commissioners of the inland Duties.
1842 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 5 392/2 The whole of the walls, arches, and aisle vaults have been reworked.
1855 J. R. Leifchild Cornwall: Mines & Miners 254 Thus a great and profitable tin mine seemed to wear out by degrees. It may, however, be successfully re-worked.
1891 Law Times Rep. 65 562/2 Butterine.., if intended for exportation to London,..was reworked at the Drummoyne factory.
1926 W. J. Locke Old Bridge iv. xii. 218 The frozen sap of ten years re-worked in her veins.
1982 R. K. French Hist. Virtues Cyder 14 Diluting a finished cyder with water to produce beverage was less frequent than re-working the milled fruit that had already produced a strong cyder.
2005 Car & Driver Aug. 68/3 The Magnum sheetmetal has been reworked, the racy Recaro-style front seats have been bolted in.
b. transitive. To alter the original form of (a literary or artistic work, or an aspect of such a work), esp. by revising or rewriting; to adapt or update. Also: to remake or refashion. In early use also with up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > making or fashioning anew > fashion anew [verb (transitive)]
reforge1542
unfashion1569
to make over1582
refashion1613
remodel1660
remake1766
recast1790
new-dress1795
rework1837
rejigger1899
rejig1948
jigger1961
society > communication > writing > manner of writing > rewriting > rewrite [verb (transitive)]
to write over1555
rescribe1565
rewrite1603
repen1615
rework1837
overwrite1874
1837 Gentleman's Mag. Nov. 537/2 The preface contains an interesting synopsis,..which has been re-worked up in the introduction to Neale's Seats.
1859 Ladies' Repository 1 Jan. 24 Those..who are decently paid for putting their ideas into print, work them over from newspaper or magazine articles into lectures and then rework them into books.
1895 W. Winter Shadows of Stage xxvii. 310 In The Two Gentlemen of Verona the chief incidents of the story of Felix and Felismena are reworked.
1948 F. O'Connor Let. 28 Jan. in Habit of Being (1980) 8 He wants to sell some stories he is reworking.
1989 N.Y. Mag. 22 May 69/1 Preserving the striking Eugene Berman designs but reworking the piece,..he invented different choreography.
1995 Guardian 21 Apr. 13/3 He..reworks Desolation Row into an acoustic tango.
2002 Bradenton (Florida) Herald (Nexis) 5 Apr. (Weekend section) 26 He reworked the characters to reflect feminine attitudes and psychology.
2. transitive. Geology. Of a natural agent: to subject (a deposit, sediment, etc.) to a process of alteration.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > movement of material > [verb (transitive)] > alter and remove
rework1866
1866 [see reworked adj. at Derivatives].
1870 C. F. Hartt Thayer Exped. xix. 573 Where the surface of the rock..had been covered by a thick layer of loose material, the glacier reworked this loose material, and when it disappeared left it as a paste.
1939 P. D. Trask Recent Marine Sediments iii. 202 The tidal mud is reworked as rapidly as it is deposited.
1977 Sci. Amer. Mar. 94/3 One extreme hypothesis is that most if not all of it [sc. continental crust] was made early in the course of the earth's chemical differentiation and that ever since then it has been reworked, that is, heated, melted, recrystallized and deformed.
1998 L. Margulis & K. V. Schwartz Five Kingdoms (ed. 3) iii. 319/2 Many echinoderms are bioturbators—they rework sediments as they burrow and scavenge.
3. transitive. Horticulture. To change the variety of (a tree, esp. a fruit tree) by grafting.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > propagation of plants > propagate [verb (transitive)] > a cutting: graft > change variety by grafting
rework1903
1903 Ann. Rep. Pomol. Soc. 1902–3 in Ann. Rep. Commisioner Agric. State of Maine 48 I would like to ask Mr. Cook..if he thinks it is going to be necessary to rework our Ben Davis apple trees?
1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. June 538/2 Auckland growers decided to rework thousands of Delicious trees to other varieties.
1984 Times 24 Mar. 14/2 Now is the time to insert the scion to rework the crown. Old trees should have been cut back in January.

Derivatives

reˈworked adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > movement of material > [adjective] > altered and removed
reworked1832
1832 J. Braddock Mem. on Gunpowder iv. 46 The gunpowder made from this re-worked dust, or meal powder, gains no strength by this additional incorporation.
1866 Ann. Sci. Discov. 1865 292 Now these diluvial cones, says M. Morlot, are posterior to the last glacial period, for they are formed, in great part, of reworked erratic matter.
1886 T. S. Hunt Mineral Physiol. & Physiogr. vii. 275 The layer of ground and ‘reworked’ decayed material resting on the gneiss, found by Hartt in Brazil.
1939 P. D. Trask Recent Marine Sediments iii. 201 In these areas the sediments are reworked deposits, not new ones.
1979 Dædalus Summer 94 The reader is not simply beckoned to catch an unwonted glimpse of the diverse states of a subtly reworked self-portrait.
2000 S. China Morning Post 5 May 22/1 Last season, Lane Crawford carried the American label Mo Mo Falan—essentially re-worked thrift-store finds—which..flew out of the stores.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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