ricinn.

Brit.

/ˈrʌɪsɪn/,

/ˈrɪsɪn/, U.S.

/ˈraɪs(ə)n/,

/ˈrɪs(ə)n/

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Ricin.

Etymology: < German Ricin ( H. Stillmark Ueber Ricin (1888)) < scientific Latin Ricinus (see ricinus n.¹), with remodelling of the ending after -in suffix¹.The form ricin occurs earlier in English denoting the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis, showing a borrowing < French ricin (16th cent. in Middle French) < classical Latin Ricinus (see ricinus n.¹). Compare:1824 tr. P. H. Larcher Hist. Herodotus I. 162 The plant which supplies the oil is called ricin [Fr. ricin], from the Latin ricinus.1858 Proc. Comm. Produce & Resources India 11 When the Ricin seeds are planted in that way, the whole field is sown broad cast.

Biochemistry.

An extremely toxic lectin present in the seeds of the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis.The ricin molecule consists of two dissimilar polypeptide chains, one of which binds to cell surface glycoproteins, allowing the other to be transported into the cell and bind to ribosomes, preventing protein synthesis.

ΚΠ

1888 Pharmaceut. Jrnl. & Trans. 28 July 63/1 The lethal dose of ricin for man he [sc. Stillmark] calculates to be 6·0 milligrams for a man weighing 60 kilograms.

1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 523 Toxic proteins exist also in ricin.

1922 T. Sollmann Man. Pharmacol. (ed. 2) 212 A preparation of ricin has been obtained..which is so active that 0.0005mg. is fatal to a kilogram of rabbit.

1975 A. A. Betschart et al. in N. W. Pirie Food Protein Sources x. 97 Ricin is readily detoxified by heating with steam.

1981 Times 13 July 26/8 Some of the substances most poisonous to man—including diphtheria toxin and the plant extract, ricin—are being used to kill cancer cells in the laboratory.

1995 New Scientist 4 Nov. 21/1 The compound..is similar to ricin, the poison used on the tip of an umbrella in 1978 to kill Georgi Markov, a Bulgarian dissident.

2004 H. Kennedy Just Law (2005) xii. 255 Stephen Oake was engaged with other officers in an anti-terrorist operation searching for the deadly poison ricin at a flat where three suspects were detained.

Compounds

General attributive, instrumental, etc.

ΚΠ

1892 Ann. Reg. 1891 ii. 126 He was able also to extract from the blood of mice which had been thus artificially fortified, a substance which, on inoculation, prevents ricin poisoning in others.

1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 564 The serum of ricin-proof animals.

1918 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 57 119 The test was carried out by mixing 1 c.c. of pitcher liquor and 3 c.c. of ricin solution.

1982 Economist (Nexis) 5 June 61 Couple intact ricin molecules to monoclonals and..some of your immunotoxins will bind via the B-chain to non-target cells.

1998 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 8 Mar. iv. 7/1 A ricin-tipped bullet was discharged into the victim, and he died a day after the attack.

2003 Independent (Nexis) 8 Jan. 3 A terror group could create a ricin aerosol.

2007 A. Theroux Laura Warholic xli. 666 Shoot him with a ricin pellet!

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ricin
释义	ricinn. Brit. /ˈrʌɪsɪn/, /ˈrɪsɪn/, U.S. /ˈraɪs(ə)n/, /ˈrɪs(ə)n/ Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Ricin. Etymology: < German Ricin ( H. Stillmark Ueber Ricin (1888)) < scientific Latin Ricinus (see ricinus n.¹), with remodelling of the ending after -in suffix¹.The form ricin occurs earlier in English denoting the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis, showing a borrowing < French ricin (16th cent. in Middle French) < classical Latin Ricinus (see ricinus n.¹). Compare:1824 tr. P. H. Larcher Hist. Herodotus I. 162 The plant which supplies the oil is called ricin [Fr. ricin], from the Latin ricinus.1858 Proc. Comm. Produce & Resources India 11 When the Ricin seeds are planted in that way, the whole field is sown broad cast. Biochemistry. An extremely toxic lectin present in the seeds of the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis.The ricin molecule consists of two dissimilar polypeptide chains, one of which binds to cell surface glycoproteins, allowing the other to be transported into the cell and bind to ribosomes, preventing protein synthesis. ΚΠ 1888 Pharmaceut. Jrnl. & Trans. 28 July 63/1 The lethal dose of ricin for man he [sc. Stillmark] calculates to be 6·0 milligrams for a man weighing 60 kilograms. 1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 523 Toxic proteins exist also in ricin. 1922 T. Sollmann Man. Pharmacol. (ed. 2) 212 A preparation of ricin has been obtained..which is so active that 0.0005mg. is fatal to a kilogram of rabbit. 1975 A. A. Betschart et al. in N. W. Pirie Food Protein Sources x. 97 Ricin is readily detoxified by heating with steam. 1981 Times 13 July 26/8 Some of the substances most poisonous to man—including diphtheria toxin and the plant extract, ricin—are being used to kill cancer cells in the laboratory. 1995 New Scientist 4 Nov. 21/1 The compound..is similar to ricin, the poison used on the tip of an umbrella in 1978 to kill Georgi Markov, a Bulgarian dissident. 2004 H. Kennedy Just Law (2005) xii. 255 Stephen Oake was engaged with other officers in an anti-terrorist operation searching for the deadly poison ricin at a flat where three suspects were detained. Compounds General attributive, instrumental, etc. ΚΠ 1892 Ann. Reg. 1891 ii. 126 He was able also to extract from the blood of mice which had been thus artificially fortified, a substance which, on inoculation, prevents ricin poisoning in others. 1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 564 The serum of ricin-proof animals. 1918 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 57 119 The test was carried out by mixing 1 c.c. of pitcher liquor and 3 c.c. of ricin solution. 1982 Economist (Nexis) 5 June 61 Couple intact ricin molecules to monoclonals and..some of your immunotoxins will bind via the B-chain to non-target cells. 1998 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 8 Mar. iv. 7/1 A ricin-tipped bullet was discharged into the victim, and he died a day after the attack. 2003 Independent (Nexis) 8 Jan. 3 A terror group could create a ricin aerosol. 2007 A. Theroux Laura Warholic xli. 666 Shoot him with a ricin pellet! This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1888
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