retroflexedadj.

Brit.

/ˈrɛtrə(ʊ)flɛkst/, U.S.

/ˈrɛtrəˌflɛkst/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: retro- prefix, flexed adj.

Etymology: < retro- prefix + flexed adj., after post-classical Latin retroflexus retroflex adj. Compare retroflexion n., retroflected adj., retroflex adj., and later retroflex v.

a. Chiefly Medicine. Bent backwards; spec. (of the uterus) having the fundus bent backwards with relation to the cervix. Cf. retroflex adj. 1, retroflexion n. 2, retroverted adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > reproductive organ disorders > [adjective] > of female > disorders of womb

retroflexed1724

retroverted1771

anteverted1829

anteflexed1839

metritic1857

parametritic1869

pseudomucinous1901

Krukenberg1911

1724 R. Simson Let. 10 Jan. in J. Jurin Corr. (1996) 218 Every one a renversed or retroflexed angle.

1812 W. Trail Acct. Life & Writings Robert Simson 86 Now all the figures whatsoever that can be made by the intersecting of four straight lines none of which are parallels..have every one a reversed or retroflexed angle.

1837 J. Phillips Treat. Geol. I. 60 At length we find them [sc. strata] very steeply inclined, absolutely vertical, partially retroflexed, or bent into strange contortions.

1844 S. Ashwell Pract. Treat. Dis. Women ii. vi. 587 There are many well informed practitioners who question whether the uterus is ever anteverted, anteflexed, or retroflexed.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 835 Thus the bowel may be compressed by a retroverted or retroflexed uterus.

1919 F. E. Leavitt Operations of Obstetr. iii. 55 When the retroflexed uterus becomes pregnant, the rule is that it will right itself at about the third month and remain in the abdominal cavity.

1996 Nature 11 Jan. 158/2 Two almost complete humeri attributed to Sivapithecus parvada and Sivapithecus indicus , both described as quite robust, retroflexed, medially inclined with a flat deltoid plane and without marked humeral torsion.

2005 Jrnl. Gastrointestinal Surg. 9 1129 The lack of support for a retroflexed endoscope in the peritoneal cavity makes it hard to reach remote structures.

b. Botany. Of a plant part: bent backwards, or backwards and forwards. Also (of a plant): †having parts bent in such a way (obsolete). Cf. retroflex adj. 1.

ΚΠ

1770 R. Weston Universal Botanist I. 13 Retroflexed Aspalathus.

1778 J. Abercrombie Universal Gardener & Botanist at Dodecatheon Virginian Dodecatheon,..two or three broad, and between them erect flower stalks..each terminated by an umbellate cluster of quinquefid, retroflexed, purple flowers.

1806 J. Galpine Synoptical Compend Brit. Bot. 83 Cor. retroflexed: L. cordate, angular, denticulate.

1858 A. Irvine Illustr. Hand-bk. Brit. Flora 538 Leaves..retroflexed (directed backwards).

1911 Amer. Midland Naturalist 2 147 Paniculately branched with divaricate and even horizontal and retroflexed branches.

1973 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 60 30 Retroflexed—forming a single S shaped curve concave apically and convex basally.

1993 Novon 3 292 Branches of inflorescences often retroflexed.

2. Phonetics. = retroflex adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by place or organ > [adjective] > lingual > articulation by

cacuminal1862

retracted1874

inverted1877

coronal1890

retroflex1915

domal1919

retroflexed1932

1932 D. Jones Outl. Eng. Phonetics (ed. 3) xxv. 200 Retroflexed vowels may be represented in phonetic transcription.

1950 D. Jones Phoneme p. xiii ɹ fricative tongue-tip r; also the corresponding frictionless continuant, and a retroflexed variety of this.

2006 B. E. Bullock et al. in J.-P. Y. Montreuil New Perspectives Romance Ling. II. 17 These speakers consistently merge the mid front round French vowels with the English retroflexed schwa, as produced in the word sir.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	retroflexed
释义	retroflexedadj. Brit. /ˈrɛtrə(ʊ)flɛkst/, U.S. /ˈrɛtrəˌflɛkst/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: retro- prefix, flexed adj. Etymology: < retro- prefix + flexed adj., after post-classical Latin retroflexus retroflex adj. Compare retroflexion n., retroflected adj., retroflex adj., and later retroflex v. 1. a. Chiefly Medicine. Bent backwards; spec. (of the uterus) having the fundus bent backwards with relation to the cervix. Cf. retroflex adj. 1, retroflexion n. 2, retroverted adj. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > reproductive organ disorders > [adjective] > of female > disorders of womb retroflexed1724 retroverted1771 anteverted1829 anteflexed1839 metritic1857 parametritic1869 pseudomucinous1901 Krukenberg1911 1724 R. Simson Let. 10 Jan. in J. Jurin Corr. (1996) 218 Every one a renversed or retroflexed angle. 1812 W. Trail Acct. Life & Writings Robert Simson 86 Now all the figures whatsoever that can be made by the intersecting of four straight lines none of which are parallels..have every one a reversed or retroflexed angle. 1837 J. Phillips Treat. Geol. I. 60 At length we find them [sc. strata] very steeply inclined, absolutely vertical, partially retroflexed, or bent into strange contortions. 1844 S. Ashwell Pract. Treat. Dis. Women ii. vi. 587 There are many well informed practitioners who question whether the uterus is ever anteverted, anteflexed, or retroflexed. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 835 Thus the bowel may be compressed by a retroverted or retroflexed uterus. 1919 F. E. Leavitt Operations of Obstetr. iii. 55 When the retroflexed uterus becomes pregnant, the rule is that it will right itself at about the third month and remain in the abdominal cavity. 1996 Nature 11 Jan. 158/2 Two almost complete humeri attributed to Sivapithecus parvada and Sivapithecus indicus , both described as quite robust, retroflexed, medially inclined with a flat deltoid plane and without marked humeral torsion. 2005 Jrnl. Gastrointestinal Surg. 9 1129 The lack of support for a retroflexed endoscope in the peritoneal cavity makes it hard to reach remote structures. b. Botany. Of a plant part: bent backwards, or backwards and forwards. Also (of a plant): †having parts bent in such a way (obsolete). Cf. retroflex adj. 1. ΚΠ 1770 R. Weston Universal Botanist I. 13 Retroflexed Aspalathus. 1778 J. Abercrombie Universal Gardener & Botanist at Dodecatheon Virginian Dodecatheon,..two or three broad, and between them erect flower stalks..each terminated by an umbellate cluster of quinquefid, retroflexed, purple flowers. 1806 J. Galpine Synoptical Compend Brit. Bot. 83 Cor. retroflexed: L. cordate, angular, denticulate. 1858 A. Irvine Illustr. Hand-bk. Brit. Flora 538 Leaves..retroflexed (directed backwards). 1911 Amer. Midland Naturalist 2 147 Paniculately branched with divaricate and even horizontal and retroflexed branches. 1973 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 60 30 Retroflexed—forming a single S shaped curve concave apically and convex basally. 1993 Novon 3 292 Branches of inflorescences often retroflexed. 2. Phonetics. = retroflex adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by place or organ > [adjective] > lingual > articulation by cacuminal1862 retracted1874 inverted1877 coronal1890 retroflex1915 domal1919 retroflexed1932 1932 D. Jones Outl. Eng. Phonetics (ed. 3) xxv. 200 Retroflexed vowels may be represented in phonetic transcription. 1950 D. Jones Phoneme p. xiii ɹ fricative tongue-tip r; also the corresponding frictionless continuant, and a retroflexed variety of this. 2006 B. E. Bullock et al. in J.-P. Y. Montreuil New Perspectives Romance Ling. II. 17 These speakers consistently merge the mid front round French vowels with the English retroflexed schwa, as produced in the word sir. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1724
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