retinaculumn.

Brit.

/ˌrɛtᵻˈnakjᵿləm/, U.S.

/ˌrɛtnˈækjələm/

Inflections: Plural retinacula.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin retināculum.

Etymology: < classical Latin retināculum rope that holds a thing fast, cable, tether, animal's rein, towing rope, in post-classical Latin also surgical clamp (1594 in the passage translated in quot. 1634 at sense 1) < retinēre retain v. + -culum -culum suffix. Compare French rétinacle (1537 in Middle French in sense ‘thing that retains or stops’). In senses 4a and 4b after scientific Latin retinaculum (c1817); compare French rétinacle (1818 in sense 4b).

†1. Surgery. Any of various instruments or devices used to hold an organ, tissue, or body part in position; a clamp; a retractor. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other surgical equipment > [noun] > equipment to retain parts in place

retentive1481

retinaculum1634

remora1674

retractor1758

adjustera1884

pack1916

1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xvii. xlvi. 681 Therefore the callous lippes of the wound must be amputated, so to make a green wound of an old ulcer; then must they bee tyed up, and bound with the instrument wee terme a Retinaculum [L. Retinaculum; Fr. tenon] or stay.

1743 tr. L. Heister Gen. Syst. Surg. I. xii. 175 Fig. 7. Is a Retinaculum or Supporter, to be used in a Luxation of the Humerus.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Retinaculum, the name of a chirurgical instrument used in castration, and in the operation for a hernia, to prevent the intestines from falling into the scrotum.

2. Anatomy. A structure that holds (or appears to hold) something in place; spec. †(a) = proligerous disc n. at proligerous adj. Compounds (obsolete); (b) a ligamentous band retaining tendons in place, esp. in the region of the wrist and ankle (frequently with distinguishing English or scientific Latin word or words).flexor retinaculum: see the first element.

ΚΠ

1743 tr. J. Astruc Treat. All Dis. Incident to Women 329 The tumified Vesicle bursts its Teguments or Retinacula, and falls, as we said, into the Uterus.

1819 A. Fyfe Compend. Anat. I. iv. 272 Each of these Openings is fixed by a Retinaculum formed by the inner Coat of the Bladder.

1838 M. Barry in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 128 324 The central mass and cords of granules..obviously suspend the ovum, and retain it in its situation in the fluid of the Graafian vesicle; from which office..I propose to name these structures the Retinacula.

1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) 737/1 Retinacula are also band-like extensions of a cellulo-membranous structure, which seem to suspend the ovum in its place.

1890 Lancet 23 Aug. 398/2 These bands..corresponded in position with the retinacula of Weitbrecht, which are strong flattened bands of thickened synovial membrane.

1937 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 36 367/2 Dense fibrous columns (retinacula cutis) pass from the lower layer of the skin to attach to the periosteum.

1967 G. M. Wyburn et al. Conc. Anat. vi. 172/1 The peroneal retinaculum is associated with the peroneal muscles as they lie on the lateral surface of the calcaneus.

1989 J. A. B. Collier & J. M. Longmore Oxf. Handbk. Clin. Specialties (ed. 2) ix. 662 Carpal tunnel syndrome..is due to compression of the median nerve as it passes under the flexor retinaculum.

2000 Massage & Bodywork Apr.–May 70/3 The superficial front line starts at the toes, moving along the extensor digitorum and extensor hallucis tendons to the dorsum, under the retinacula and into the anterior lower leg.

3. Entomology.

a. In hymenopterans: each of a set of horny movable scales which prevent the sting from being thrust out too far. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > stinging organ > scale preventing dislocation of darts

retinaculum1802

1802 W. Kirby Monogr. Apum Angliæ I. 111 Retinaculum,—This part of the spicula, which was first pointed out to my observation by my ingenious friend Mr. Marsham, seems to have caught the attention of no naturalist besides himself, and the indefatigable Swammerdam.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxiii. 391 The Retinaculum, a minute horny moveable scale or plate with which the darts are furnished, which prevents their dislocation by being shot forth too far.

1906 J. B. Smith Explan. Terms Entomol. 116 Retinaculum, horny, movable scales serving to move the sting or to prevent its being darted out too far.

b. An arrangement of hooks, folds, or bristles, which interlocks the fore- and hindwings of various insects during flight; spec. that on the underside of the forewing in many butterflies and moths, engaging with a frenulum on the hindwing (cf. fraenulum n. 2).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > wings(s) > arrangement of hooks or retinaculum

retinaculum1846

1846 E. Doubleday in J. L. Stokes Discov. Austral. I. App. 517 Base of these wings in the male with a strong bristle passing behind a strong corneous retinaculum, which arises from the anterior side of the subcostal nervure.

1899 D. Sharp in Cambr. Nat. Hist. VI. vi. 316 The frenulum and retinaculum usually differ in structure, and the retinaculum in position, in the two sexes of the same moth.

1944 R. Matheson Entomol. for Introd. Courses xiv. 274 From the humeral angle of the hind wing there extends forward a group of stout bristles, the frenulum (consolidated to one stout bristle in males), which fits into a pocket of scales (retinaculum) or clasp (frenulum hook) on the under side of the fore wing.

1992 M. J. Scoble Lepidoptera iii. 59 In males, the retinaculum is generally a membranous flap or hook, whilst in females it is usually a series of stiff hairs or scales.

c. In collembolans: a fused pair of appendages which hold back the furcula before releasing it for a spring.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Apterygota or Ametabola > [noun] > order Collembola > member of > forked appendage on abdomen > fused pair of appendages holding

retinaculum1923

1923 H. Maxwell-Lefroy Man. Entomol. 15 A curious appendage, the so-called ‘catch’ or retinaculum,..holds the furca in place when not in use.

1939 H. Womersley Primitive Insects S. Austral. 81 When the retinaculum releases the spring, the latter strikes the ground, forcing the insect to leap a considerable distance.

1969 R. F. Chapman Insects xiv. 264 The appendages of the third and fourth segments of the abdomen of many Collembola form the retinaculum and the furca which are used in locomotion.

2005 Jrnl. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 78 308 Retinaculum and furcula lacking.

4. Botany.

a. In plants of the acanthus family: each of the hooklike projections (modified funicles) on which the seeds are attached and which aid in their ejection; a jaculator.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > [noun] > parts of > funicle

umbilical vessel1731

funiculus1732

podosperm1819

umbilical cord1819

retinaculum1821

funicle1824

umbilicus1837

umbilical bundle1875

1821 tr. A. P. de Candolle & K. Sprengel Elements Philos. Plants i. iii. 78 Small hooks (retinacula) [Ger. kleine hatchen (retinacula)] are observed on the seeds of the Acantheæ, by whose elasticity the opening of the capsule and the ejection of the seed is favoured.

1832 G. Bentham in J. Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 290 Acanthaceæ..are generally known by..the elastically dehiscent capsule, the retinacula of the dissepiment, the want of albumen, and the peculiar habit derived chiefly from the inflorescence.

1910 H. H. Haines Forest Flora Chota Nagpur 445 Acanthaceæ... Seeds (exc. in Thunbergia) seated in the axils of upcurved hard supports (retinacula), often hairy.

1956 Dict. Gardening (Royal Hort. Soc.) (ed. 2) IV. 1753/2 Retinacula, hook-like outgrowths from the stalks of seeds of Acanthaceae aiding in their ejection from the ripe fruit.

2000 Kew Bull. 55 564 The hardened outgrowth of the funiculus (retinaculum) has been the diagnostic feature and taxic homologue for Acanthaceae sensu stricto.

b. In orchids: the sticky gland of the rostellum to which the stalk of each of the pollinia (pollen masses) adheres; a viscidium; now rare. In asclepiads: the armlike process borne by each of the pollinia to aid pollen transfer.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > orchids > parts of

cullions1611

thyrsus1704

labellum1810

retinaculum1821

rostellum1821

caudicle1830

pseudobulb1832

massula1856

antenna1862

clinandrium1864

bucket1871

slipper1902

1821 tr. A. P. de Candolle & K. Sprengel Elements Philos. Plants i. iii. 71 These masses are often united by distinct threads, but they are always connected into pairs, by means of a small spherical body (retinaculum) [Ger. eines Kugelchens (retinaculum)].

1849 J. H. Balfour Man. Bot. §421 In Orchids, each of the pollen-masses has a prolongation or stalk, called a caudicle.., which often adheres to a prolongation at the base of the anther, called rostellum.., by means of a viscid tenacious matter secreted by cells, and denominated retinacula.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 967/2 Retinaculum, a viscid gland belonging to the stigma of orchids and asclepiads, and holding the pollen-masses fast.

1910 Encycl. Brit. X. 568/1 In orchids each of the pollen-masses has a prolongation or stalk (caudicle) which adheres to a prolongation at the base of the anther (rostellum) by means of a viscid gland (retinaculum).

1951 G. H. M. Lawrence Taxon. Vascular Plants (1969) 674 (note) The translator arm [sc. in the Cynanchoideae] is sometimes termed the retinaculum or connective, and the gland the corpusculum.

1997 D. J. Mabberley Plant-bk. (ed. 2) 59 Asclepiadaceae..pollen-grains coherent into pollinia, which are extracted by translators (solidified secretions of anthers, stylehead on both, consisting of arms (retinacula) joined at middle by a 2-ported gland (corpusculum)..).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	retinaculum
释义	retinaculumn. Brit. /ˌrɛtᵻˈnakjᵿləm/, U.S. /ˌrɛtnˈækjələm/ Inflections: Plural retinacula. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin retināculum. Etymology: < classical Latin retināculum rope that holds a thing fast, cable, tether, animal's rein, towing rope, in post-classical Latin also surgical clamp (1594 in the passage translated in quot. 1634 at sense 1) < retinēre retain v. + -culum -culum suffix. Compare French rétinacle (1537 in Middle French in sense ‘thing that retains or stops’). In senses 4a and 4b after scientific Latin retinaculum (c1817); compare French rétinacle (1818 in sense 4b). †1. Surgery. Any of various instruments or devices used to hold an organ, tissue, or body part in position; a clamp; a retractor. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other surgical equipment > [noun] > equipment to retain parts in place retentive1481 retinaculum1634 remora1674 retractor1758 adjustera1884 pack1916 1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xvii. xlvi. 681 Therefore the callous lippes of the wound must be amputated, so to make a green wound of an old ulcer; then must they bee tyed up, and bound with the instrument wee terme a Retinaculum [L. Retinaculum; Fr. tenon] or stay. 1743 tr. L. Heister Gen. Syst. Surg. I. xii. 175 Fig. 7. Is a Retinaculum or Supporter, to be used in a Luxation of the Humerus. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Retinaculum, the name of a chirurgical instrument used in castration, and in the operation for a hernia, to prevent the intestines from falling into the scrotum. 2. Anatomy. A structure that holds (or appears to hold) something in place; spec. †(a) = proligerous disc n. at proligerous adj. Compounds (obsolete); (b) a ligamentous band retaining tendons in place, esp. in the region of the wrist and ankle (frequently with distinguishing English or scientific Latin word or words).flexor retinaculum: see the first element. ΚΠ 1743 tr. J. Astruc Treat. All Dis. Incident to Women 329 The tumified Vesicle bursts its Teguments or Retinacula, and falls, as we said, into the Uterus. 1819 A. Fyfe Compend. Anat. I. iv. 272 Each of these Openings is fixed by a Retinaculum formed by the inner Coat of the Bladder. 1838 M. Barry in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 128 324 The central mass and cords of granules..obviously suspend the ovum, and retain it in its situation in the fluid of the Graafian vesicle; from which office..I propose to name these structures the Retinacula. 1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) 737/1 Retinacula are also band-like extensions of a cellulo-membranous structure, which seem to suspend the ovum in its place. 1890 Lancet 23 Aug. 398/2 These bands..corresponded in position with the retinacula of Weitbrecht, which are strong flattened bands of thickened synovial membrane. 1937 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 36 367/2 Dense fibrous columns (retinacula cutis) pass from the lower layer of the skin to attach to the periosteum. 1967 G. M. Wyburn et al. Conc. Anat. vi. 172/1 The peroneal retinaculum is associated with the peroneal muscles as they lie on the lateral surface of the calcaneus. 1989 J. A. B. Collier & J. M. Longmore Oxf. Handbk. Clin. Specialties (ed. 2) ix. 662 Carpal tunnel syndrome..is due to compression of the median nerve as it passes under the flexor retinaculum. 2000 Massage & Bodywork Apr.–May 70/3 The superficial front line starts at the toes, moving along the extensor digitorum and extensor hallucis tendons to the dorsum, under the retinacula and into the anterior lower leg. 3. Entomology. a. In hymenopterans: each of a set of horny movable scales which prevent the sting from being thrust out too far. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > stinging organ > scale preventing dislocation of darts retinaculum1802 1802 W. Kirby Monogr. Apum Angliæ I. 111 Retinaculum,—This part of the spicula, which was first pointed out to my observation by my ingenious friend Mr. Marsham, seems to have caught the attention of no naturalist besides himself, and the indefatigable Swammerdam. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxiii. 391 The Retinaculum, a minute horny moveable scale or plate with which the darts are furnished, which prevents their dislocation by being shot forth too far. 1906 J. B. Smith Explan. Terms Entomol. 116 Retinaculum, horny, movable scales serving to move the sting or to prevent its being darted out too far. b. An arrangement of hooks, folds, or bristles, which interlocks the fore- and hindwings of various insects during flight; spec. that on the underside of the forewing in many butterflies and moths, engaging with a frenulum on the hindwing (cf. fraenulum n. 2). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > wings(s) > arrangement of hooks or retinaculum retinaculum1846 1846 E. Doubleday in J. L. Stokes Discov. Austral. I. App. 517 Base of these wings in the male with a strong bristle passing behind a strong corneous retinaculum, which arises from the anterior side of the subcostal nervure. 1899 D. Sharp in Cambr. Nat. Hist. VI. vi. 316 The frenulum and retinaculum usually differ in structure, and the retinaculum in position, in the two sexes of the same moth. 1944 R. Matheson Entomol. for Introd. Courses xiv. 274 From the humeral angle of the hind wing there extends forward a group of stout bristles, the frenulum (consolidated to one stout bristle in males), which fits into a pocket of scales (retinaculum) or clasp (frenulum hook) on the under side of the fore wing. 1992 M. J. Scoble Lepidoptera iii. 59 In males, the retinaculum is generally a membranous flap or hook, whilst in females it is usually a series of stiff hairs or scales. c. In collembolans: a fused pair of appendages which hold back the furcula before releasing it for a spring. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Apterygota or Ametabola > [noun] > order Collembola > member of > forked appendage on abdomen > fused pair of appendages holding retinaculum1923 1923 H. Maxwell-Lefroy Man. Entomol. 15 A curious appendage, the so-called ‘catch’ or retinaculum,..holds the furca in place when not in use. 1939 H. Womersley Primitive Insects S. Austral. 81 When the retinaculum releases the spring, the latter strikes the ground, forcing the insect to leap a considerable distance. 1969 R. F. Chapman Insects xiv. 264 The appendages of the third and fourth segments of the abdomen of many Collembola form the retinaculum and the furca which are used in locomotion. 2005 Jrnl. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 78 308 Retinaculum and furcula lacking. 4. Botany. a. In plants of the acanthus family: each of the hooklike projections (modified funicles) on which the seeds are attached and which aid in their ejection; a jaculator. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > [noun] > parts of > funicle umbilical vessel1731 funiculus1732 podosperm1819 umbilical cord1819 retinaculum1821 funicle1824 umbilicus1837 umbilical bundle1875 1821 tr. A. P. de Candolle & K. Sprengel Elements Philos. Plants i. iii. 78 Small hooks (retinacula) [Ger. kleine hatchen (retinacula)] are observed on the seeds of the Acantheæ, by whose elasticity the opening of the capsule and the ejection of the seed is favoured. 1832 G. Bentham in J. Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 290 Acanthaceæ..are generally known by..the elastically dehiscent capsule, the retinacula of the dissepiment, the want of albumen, and the peculiar habit derived chiefly from the inflorescence. 1910 H. H. Haines Forest Flora Chota Nagpur 445 Acanthaceæ... Seeds (exc. in Thunbergia) seated in the axils of upcurved hard supports (retinacula), often hairy. 1956 Dict. Gardening (Royal Hort. Soc.) (ed. 2) IV. 1753/2 Retinacula, hook-like outgrowths from the stalks of seeds of Acanthaceae aiding in their ejection from the ripe fruit. 2000 Kew Bull. 55 564 The hardened outgrowth of the funiculus (retinaculum) has been the diagnostic feature and taxic homologue for Acanthaceae sensu stricto. b. In orchids: the sticky gland of the rostellum to which the stalk of each of the pollinia (pollen masses) adheres; a viscidium; now rare. In asclepiads: the armlike process borne by each of the pollinia to aid pollen transfer. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > orchids > parts of cullions1611 thyrsus1704 labellum1810 retinaculum1821 rostellum1821 caudicle1830 pseudobulb1832 massula1856 antenna1862 clinandrium1864 bucket1871 slipper1902 1821 tr. A. P. de Candolle & K. Sprengel Elements Philos. Plants i. iii. 71 These masses are often united by distinct threads, but they are always connected into pairs, by means of a small spherical body (retinaculum) [Ger. eines Kugelchens (retinaculum)]. 1849 J. H. Balfour Man. Bot. §421 In Orchids, each of the pollen-masses has a prolongation or stalk, called a caudicle.., which often adheres to a prolongation at the base of the anther, called rostellum.., by means of a viscid tenacious matter secreted by cells, and denominated retinacula. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 967/2 Retinaculum, a viscid gland belonging to the stigma of orchids and asclepiads, and holding the pollen-masses fast. 1910 Encycl. Brit. X. 568/1 In orchids each of the pollen-masses has a prolongation or stalk (caudicle) which adheres to a prolongation at the base of the anther (rostellum) by means of a viscid gland (retinaculum). 1951 G. H. M. Lawrence Taxon. Vascular Plants (1969) 674 (note) The translator arm [sc. in the Cynanchoideae] is sometimes termed the retinaculum or connective, and the gland the corpusculum. 1997 D. J. Mabberley Plant-bk. (ed. 2) 59 Asclepiadaceae..pollen-grains coherent into pollinia, which are extracted by translators (solidified secretions of anthers, stylehead on both, consisting of arms (retinacula) joined at middle by a 2-ported gland (corpusculum)..). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1634
随便看	button snakeroot button stick button tool button top button tree button tuft button turn button up button up a person's lip button up a person's mouth button up lip button up mouth button up one's lip button up one's mouth button worm button-back button-back chair button-back sofa button-board button-brace button-bur button-down button-down shirt button-eared button-fish