revivev.

Brit.

/rᵻˈvʌɪv/, U.S.

/rəˈvaɪv/,

/riˈvaɪv/

Forms: late Middle English rebibe (transmission error), late Middle English reveve, late Middle English revyfe, late Middle English rewyve, late Middle English reyvyvoen (infinitive), late Middle English 1600s revieve, late Middle English–1500s revyue, late Middle English–1600s reuyue, late Middle English–1600s revyve, late Middle English– revive, 1500s reuyve, 1500s–1600s reuiue, 1500s–1600s reviue, 1600s reuive, 1700s reviuve; Scottish pre-1700 reuiue, pre-1700 reveif, pre-1700 reveive, pre-1700 reveve, pre-1700 revieue, pre-1700 reviue, pre-1700 reviue, pre-1700 reweiwe, pre-1700 rewife, pre-1700 1700s– revive, pre-1700 1800s reveeve.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French reviver; Latin revivere.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman reviver, Anglo-Norman and Middle French revivre (French revivre ) to return to life following death (end of the 10th cent. in Old French (also used reflexively)), to restore (a dead person or animal) to life (13th cent.), to give fresh life or vigour to (a person, a person's heart or spirit) (late 13th cent. or earlier), to bring (something) back into existence or use (1538), in Anglo-Norman also (of a law or legal document) to become valid again (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), to re-enact or revalidate (a law or legal document) (early 14th cent. or earlier) and its etymon post-classical Latin revivere to live again (5th cent.) < classical Latin re- re- prefix + vīvere to live (see vivat int.). Compare Old Occitan reviure (12th–13th cent.), Catalan reviure (13th cent.), Spanish revivir (first half of the 15th cent.), Portuguese reviver (15th cent.), Italian rivivere (beginning of the 14th cent.; c1300 as †revivere).

a. intransitive. To return to consciousness; to recover from a swoon or faint.In early use with perfect tenses formed with to be.

ΚΠ

c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 60 (MED) Annoon the cowe reuyuyd and began to ete.

a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) 9745 (MED) On swounyng she fel him beforn; Whan that she revived was, She called hir doghtre Lucidas.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 477 (MED) Canutus..lay on the grownde as dedde; whiche revivynge [L. respirans] was gladde that he was reservede to lyfe.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 690/1 He is in suche a swounde that I wene he wyll never revyve agayne.

1548 T. Cooper Bibliotheca Eliotæ (rev. ed.) Reuiuisco, to be reuiued; to recouer life agayne.

1611 Bible (King James) Judges xv. 19 When he had drunke, his spirit came againe, and he reuiued .

1637 J. Milton Comus 29 And through the porch, and inlet of each sense [they] Dropt in ambrosial oyles till she reviv'd.

1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. 25 They fetcht her a Bundle of Myrrh, and a while after she was revived .

1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. v. 507 As pious children joy..When a lov'd Sire revives before their sight.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xxxii. 399 It is clear, that if, upon judgment to be hanged by the neck till he is dead, the criminal be not thoroughly killed, but revives, the sheriff must hang him again.

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxviii. 141 St. Clare had fainted,..but, as Miss Ophelia applied restoratives, he revived.

1884 D. Pae Eustace 11 ‘She is reviving,’ exclaimed Eustace.

1905 E. M. Forster Where Angels fear to Tread iv. 108 She felt very ill, and fainted; and when she revived she was lying in the road.

1958 M. Sandoz Cattlemen iv. i. 341 DeCory was knocked out and when he revived, everybody was gone.

2005 H. Boyd & R. Robinson Pound for Pound xi. 89 He failed to respond after being knocked out in the first round. But after some minutes he revived.

b. transitive. To cause (a person or animal) to return to consciousness; to bring back from a swoon or faint, or from a state of suspended animation.

ΚΠ

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) ii. cl. 570 Huon and she..fell downe bothe in a traunce..: then the lordes reuyued them [Fr. puis tost apres les barons les releuerent].

1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. iii. viii. f. 105 All labouring by rubbing his temples, throwing cold water and vinegar in his face, to reuiue him againe.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 283 This Water reviv'd his Father more than all the Rum or Spirits I had given him; for he was just fainting with Thirst.

1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Antiq. Jews ii. vii, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 49 Jacob almost fainted away at this..great joy: however Joseph revived him.

1833 C. Williams Fall River 174 It would be a sin to revive her if they could. She was very pale and her pulse was very low.

1863 E. Ponsonby Mary Lyndsay I. xiv. 271 When that care had revived Mary from her swoon, it was evident that she returned only to a half consciousness.

1914 E. R. Burroughs Tarzan of Apes xxv. 337 Soon the cool water revived him, and presently he opened his eyes.

1989 S. Bedford Jigsaw iv. 203 I found myself on a sofa being revived by Oriane with a handkerchief soaked in eau-de-cologne.

2001 A. Heilman Never Far Away 65 There was no one to revive the fainted, there was nothing to revive them with.

a. transitive. To restore (a dead person or animal) to life; to bring back from death or the grave. Also figurative and in figurative contexts.intransitive (with implied object) in quot. c1425.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > resurrection or revival > [verb (transitive)]

quickOE

arearc1000

raisec1175

reara1325

upraisec1340

quickena1382

again-raisec1384

araisea1400

resuscea1400

revokea1413

recovera1425

revivec1425

suscitec1430

resuscite?c1450

risea1500

relive?1526

to call againa1529

resuscitate1532

requicken1576

refetch1599

reanimate1611

reinspire1611

reinanimatea1631

recreate1631

revivify1631

redivive1634

revivificate1660

resurrection1661

resurrect1773

re-embody1791

revivicate1798

re-energize1803

resurrectionize1804

revitalize1869

reimpress1883

c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 27 (MED) He roys vpe hole..yeldynge thankynges to God that mortifieth and revyuyth, smytyth and helyth.

c1460 Tree & 12 Frutes (McClean) (1960) 127 (MED) By þi living þo þat ben dede in bad living shul be revyvid and quiknid to good living.

1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) xvi. xiii. sig. R.iiij^v The blood that the grete foule bled reuyued the chyckens from deth to lyf.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. BBBvii Caused the spirit of man after dethe to retourne to the body & reuiue the same.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. iii. sig. P^v Hable to heale the sicke, and to reuiue the ded.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. i. 198 To end one doubt by death, Reuiues two greater in the heires of life.

1603 England's Welcome to Jas. I iii. sig. C3 He Lazarus reuiued from the graue.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 129 I remember not in Scripture that God ever revived a brute Beast.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 97. ⁋2 A Prince could not revive a Dead Man by taking the Life of him who killed him.

1753 T. Gray Hymn to Adversity in Six Poems 27 The gen'rous spark extinct revive, Teach me to love and to forgive.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xv. 471 Christ, with..the elect who had escaped death, or who had been miraculously revived, would reign upon earth.

1818 P. B. Shelley On Faded Violet 11 I weep,—my tears revive it not! I sigh,—it breathes no more on me.

1851 N. Hawthorne House of Seven Gables xviii. 293 A glorious wine... It would all but revive a dead man!

1956 R. Macaulay Towers of Trebizond iv. 38 The young man Eutychus..fell down three storeys and was taken up for dead but revived by the apostle.

1982 J. Hooper in O. Davies Omni Bk. Paranormal & Mind v. xxvi. 287 Near-death experiences.., those ethereal, otherworldly visions reported by patients who are revived from clinical death.

2002 A. Rockoff Going to Pieces ii. 35/2 Zombies, revived by an excess of radiation accidentally released from a space probe, have begun feasting on the brains..of the living.

b. intransitive. Of a person or animal: to return to life following death; to live again. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > resurrection or revival > [verb (intransitive)]

aquickc885

arisec950

quickeOE

riseOE

upbraidc1275

uprisec1340

quickena1382

recoverc1400

resuscite?c1450

revivea1500

raise1526

relive?1526

resuscitate1602

requicken1611

reanimate1645

resurrect1805

re-energize1938

a1500 (c1445) J. Lydgate Miracles St. Edmund l. 424 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 445/2 (MED) Our lord Jhesu took heed to ther axing Off his mercy the chyld gan to revyve.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. xiv. 9 Christ therfore dyed and rose agayne and revived.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 28 [Insects] being once so discerped can neuer after..reuiue and quicken againe.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) i. i. 18 Henry is dead, and neuer shall reuiue .

a1661 B. Holyday in tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) To Rdr. The endeavor of such, as would prove that Martial..in his later age reviv'd into Christianity.

1712 A. Pope Rape of Locke ii, in Misc. Poems 371 Chloe stept in, and kill'd him with a Frown;..But at her Smile, the Beau reviv'd again.

1737 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 113/2 Still the pale dead revives and lives to me.

1819 W. Scott Let. 19 July (1933) V. 431 Dr. Morris ought like Nourjahad to revive every half century to record the fleeting manners of the age.

1888 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 386 Emotionally we revive in our children.

1908 G. C. Lodge Herakles 200 In the House of God I stood alone, and there the man I was, Florid and perdurable and splendid, died—Died to revive!

1974 I. Stevenson Twenty Cases Suggestive of Reincarnation (ed. 2) ii. 47 We do not know that the change in personality of Jasbir took place immediately on the night when his body seemed to die and then revive.

2006 S. Connor Fly iii. 73 The stories about the powers of flies to survive extremity or revive after death have more foundation than one might expect.

a. transitive. To give fresh life or vigour to; to restore from a tired, languid, or depressed state. In early use also with infinitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > refresh or invigorate [verb (transitive)]

akeleOE

restOE

comfort1303

ease1330

quickc1350

recurea1382

refresha1382

refetec1384

restorec1384

affilea1393

enforcec1400

freshc1405

revigour?a1425

recomfortc1425

recreatec1425

quicken?c1430

revive1442

cheerc1443

refection?c1450

refect1488

unweary1530

freshen1532

corroborate1541

vige?c1550

erect?1555

recollect?1560

repose1562

respite1565

rouse1574

requicken1576

animate1585

enlive1593

revify1598

inanimate1600

insinew1600

to wind up1602

vigorize1603

inspiritc1610

invigour1611

refocillate1611

revigorate1611

renovate1614

spriten1614

repaira1616

activate1624

vigour1636

enliven1644

invigorate1646

rally1650

reinvigorate1652

renerve1652

to freshen up1654

righta1656

re-enlivena1660

recruita1661

enlighten1667

revivify1675

untire1677

reanimate1694

stimulate1759

rebrace1764

refreshen1780

brisken1799

irrigate1823

tonic1825

to fresh up1835

ginger1844

spell1846

recuperate1849

binge1854

tone1859

innerve1880

fiercen1896

to tone up1896

to buck up1909

pep1912

to zip up1927

to perk up1936

to zizz up1944

hep1948

to zing up1948

juice1964

the mind > emotion > pleasure > cheerfulness > make cheerful [verb (transitive)] > recover good spirits

revive1442

reprise1481

to retrick one's beams1856

1442 T. Bekington Let. in G. Williams Mem. Reign Henry VI (1872) II. 196 (MED) God send grace that ye son and hastly sende hither som comfort and succours to revieve the herts of the pouple.

a1547 Earl of Surrey Poems (1964) 10 Revyved with a glynse of grace olde sorowes to let fall.

1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. 67 In fayth I was reuiude At those thy cheerefull words.

1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in Complaints 756 He..with sweete delight Of Musicks skill revives his toyled spright.

1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. i. 5 The Lord will reuiue you, I hope, and all of us also who labour in this toyling kinde.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 220 What first Æneas in this place beheld, Reviv'd his Courage, and his Fear expel'd.

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 157 Our Men were reviv'd with this Discovery.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. v. 144 St. Aubert was revived by rest, and by the serene air of this summit.

1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 251 Like a summer cloud, which..revives the fields over which it passes.

1898 J. Geikie Earth Sculpt. 306 The erosive energy of the rivers is renewed, and they are said therefore to be revived.

1932 R. Lehmann Invitation to Waltz i. iii. 59 Colours revived her spirits, textures soothed her.

1977 B. Head Collector of Treasures 38 A tray with a bowl of meat and porridge was set before her so that she could revive herself after her long journey home.

2007 P. Barker Life Class xxvii. 203 The walk into town in the fresh clean air, stars pricking overhead, revived him.

b. intransitive. To gain fresh courage or strength; to recover from a tired, languid, or depressed state.

ΚΠ

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. lxxxiv. f. lxxxxvii^v/1 When he sawe the lorde de la vale his herte reuyued [Fr. si luy reuint le cueur] & thought there was some tretye in hande.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 677/1 I quycken or revyve, I take hert, je deuiens vif.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Macc. xiii. 7 As soone as the people heard these words, their spirit reuiued .

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 871 I revive At this last sight, assur'd that Man shall live.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 95 With this Thought my Spirits began to revive.

1779 J. Newton in J. Newton & W. Cowper Olney Hymns iii. lviii. 379 His heart revives, if cross the plains He eyes his home.

1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna iv. xxxiii. 91 My powers revived within me, and I went..Thro' many a vale.

1860 J. W. Warter Sea-board & Down II. 200 When this was done, his spirits seemed to revive.

1927 V. Woolf To Lighthouse i. i. 20 Charles Tansley revived... She made him feel better pleased with himself than he had done yet.

1999 L. Y. Minatoya Strangeness of Beauty i. 18 Akira could tell that Naomi was tired. Yet when she saw the leaves she seemed to revive.

c. intransitive. Of a person, animal, or plant: to assume fresh life, vigour, or health, esp. after nearly dying. Also figurative.

ΚΠ

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 677/1 I quycken, I revyve, as a thyng dothe..that was wyddered, or almoste deed, and retourneth to lyfe agayne.

1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Ciiij Euen as a dying coale reuiues with winde.

1611 Bible (King James) Hosea xiv. 7 They that dwell vnder his shadow shall returne: they shall reuiue as the corne.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 493 If chance the radiant Sun..Extend his ev'ning beam, the fields revive .

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 3. ⁋3 She would revive..out of a wasting Distemper, into a Habit of the highest Health and Vigour.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xii. 334 The strength of Aurelian had crushed on every side the enemies of Rome. After his death they seemed to revive and even to multiply.

a1822 P. B. Shelley When Passion's Trance is Overpast in Posthumous Poems (1824) 205 After the slumber of the year..All things revive in field or grove.

1871 G. MacDonald At Back of North Wind xxviii. 264 She would begin to revive..with the first appearance of the..crescent moon.

1928 D. H. Lawrence Lady Chatterley's Lover viii. 106 The poor flowers hung over, limp on their stalks. ‘They'll revive again!’ she said.

1961 A. Foulke tr. F. Mauriac Second Thoughts ii. iv. 165 Often just one branch sickens. I order it to be pruned and the tree revives and its death agony is prolonged.

2006 M. Cox Meaning of Night (2007) 397 Gradually she began to revive, take a little food, and sit up.

a. intransitive. Of a feeling, disposition, etc.: to return, to be reawakened.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > be or become restored [verb (intransitive)] > to activity

revivea1460

resurge1575

result1609

reawaken1778

reawakea1873

a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 1670 (MED) Thus with seueritee and good vsage Ther wil revive in theim a fyne corage.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cxv. f. liii His olde Condicions began in him to reuyue and quycken, soo that at length he retournyd to his olde accustomed vycys.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. vii. 9 When the commaundement came synne revyved and I was deed.

1621 T. W. tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard 69 There are sinnes, which doe not grow old, nor dye in old age, but commonly grow young, and reuiue againe.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 465. ⁋1 The doubt which was laid revives again.

1779 W. Cowper Human Frailty 8 But Passion rudely snaps the string [of the bow], and it [sc. vice] revives again.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles vi. ix. 232 And Love, howe'er the maiden strive, Must with reviving hope revive!

1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede II. iii. xxvi. 206 The jealousy and fretfulness which had revived when Adam came to tell her that [etc.].

1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. 98 His innate distrust of general principles revived.

1988 G. Greene Captain & Enemy vii. 105 I was tired of hack journalism. My desire to be a writer revived.

2006 Ç. A. Fromm tr. O. Z. Livaneli Bliss (2007) 97 Her hopes revived when she saw a line of purple mountains in the distance.

b. transitive. To reawaken (a desire, emotion, etc.).

ΚΠ

?1537 T. Elyot Castell of Helthe ii. xi. f. 30 Partriche..hath in hym moche nutrimente, comforteth the brayne, and maketh sede of generation, and reuyueth luste, whiche is abated.

1572 G. Fenton tr. E. Pasquier Monophylo i. f. 29^v Absence reuiueth our affection, enforceth our desire, and redoubleth our hope.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. vi. sig. R5 Noise of armes..Might not reuiue desire of knightly exercize.

1685 Lady Russell Lett. I. 58 Never any poor creature..has had more awakers to quicken and revive the anguish of its soul than I.

1707 E. Smith Phædra & Hippolytus iv. 42 Your sudden Presence would surprize her Soul,..Revive her Sorrow, Indignation, Shame.

a1771 T. Gray tr. Dante in Wks. (1884) I. 157 Would'st thou revive the deep Despair.

1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella II. ii. ix. 489 The beautiful specimens of pearls..revived the cupidity of the nation.

1859 E. FitzGerald tr. Rubáiyát Omar Khayyám iv. 2 Now the New Year reviving old Desires, The thoughtful Soul to Solitude retires.

1925 V. Woolf Mrs. Dalloway 194 Clarissa Dalloway had laughed at her..; and had revived the fleshly desires, for she minded looking as she did beside Clarissa.

1971 G. Selcamm Fifty-seventh Street iii. 151 He didn't want to talk to her again, or even see her; the very thought revived his rage.

2006 L. M. Gouge Then came Faith xiv. 132 André's nightly visit with Mama revived some of his anxiety.

a. intransitive. To return to a flourishing state following decline or decay.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > be or become restored [verb (intransitive)] > to flourishing condition

revire?1440

revivea1460

to perk upa1656

resurrect1969

a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 1691 (MED) Exercise Of werre may in peax revyue & rise.

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Resurgo Maiestas Pop. Rom. resurrexit, reuiued, or came to the olde state agayne.

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. iii. 151 That sect began to reuiue againe vnder a certaine famous professour, who drew after him many disciples.

1668 J. Evelyn tr. R. Fréart Idea Perfection Painting 3 In the Age of Leonardo da Vinci, and Raphael..we..see the Art revive again with so much vigour.

1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 40 Then Sculpture and her Sister-Arts revive; Stones leap'd to Form, and Rocks began to live.

1737 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 3/2 Therefore I do not doubt..Trade will here again revive.

1840 T. B. Macaulay Ld. Clive in Ess. (1897) 541 The abuses which he had suppressed began to revive.

1891 Sat. Rev. 24 Oct. 471/2 It looked as if speculation there was once more reviving; but it fell away again.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 916/1 The Socialist movement revived only after 1864.

1987 Observer 19 Apr. 14/6 The old religions of Buddhism and Confucianism are reviving in China.

2002 P. Collier & D. Dollar Globalization, Growth, & Poverty i. 24 As trade barriers came down, and transport costs continued to fall, trade revived.

b. transitive. To cause to return to a flourishing state; to restore again following decline or decay.In quot. a1500 perhaps intransitive in perfect tense formed with to be.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > to flourishing condition

recovera1425

recreatec1425

renewc1450

revivea1500

resuscitate1532

refresh1533

retrieve1652

revirginize1852

revigorate1886

a1500 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 150 (MED) In knyghthod largesse nwli ys reuyuyd.

1549 T. Cooper Lanquet's Epitome of Crons. iii. f. 160 He reuiued againe the Christian faieth, whiche was greatly minisshed in dyuers places of his kyngdome.

1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 369 His Monument is lately reuiued by the Companie of the mystery of Mercers.

1686 tr. J. Chardin Trav. Persia 11 The War in Candy..encourag'd 'em to revive their Commerce in the Territories of the Grand Signior.

1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. p. lxii When Conversation appears in danger to flag,..I took care to invent some sudden Question..to revive it.

1759 O. Goldsmith Enq. Present State Polite Learning iii Two poets in an age are not sufficient to revive the splendour of decaying genius.

1799 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 2 175 Those who are endeavouring so meritoriously to revive the reputation of digitalis.

1812 E. Wakefield Acct. Ireland II. xiv. 5 Things continued nearly in the same languishing condition; and little seems to have been done to revive trade or encourage manufactures.

1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues IV. 114 Plato is not disposed to encourage amateur attempts to revive religion in states.

1927 Observer 9 Oct. 16/4 When Randolph Churchill set out to revive his party, what did he do? He swept away Crokerism.

1995 C. Bateman Cycle of Violence xv. 254 You've singlehandedly revived the undertaking business in Crossmaheart.

†c. transitive. To restore (a person) to a flourishing state. Also with infinitive. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > [verb (transitive)] > to prosperity

redressa1400

to set up1530

revive1560

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccciiij^v Thus beyng againe reuiued [L. auctus], he forgot the benefit receiued.

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 11^v What helpes reuiue, The thriuing to thriue... Plow, fence, & store, Aught els before.

6. Chemistry.

†a. intransitive. Of a metal or other substance: to return to a pure or uncombined state. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > undergo chemical reactions or processes [verb (intransitive)] > undergo chemical reactions or processes (named) > undergo revivification

revivea1500

revivify1728

a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 1620 (MED) Watir clansith with ablucion blyve, And thingis mortified causith to revive.

1790 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. iii. viii. §viii. 450 I place a bottle in the water, at the end of the tube, for receiving the mercury, in proportion as it revives and distils over.

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 765 When the lead revives, it separates the gold from the sand.

b. transitive. To convert or restore (a metal or other substance, esp. mercury) to or into its pure or uncombined form. Also with from (a mixture or compound). Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to revivification

revive1649

revivify1668

1649 N. Culpeper Physicall Directory 331 Take of crude Mercury distilled in a retort with Bay salt, or revived with common Cinnabarum, one part.

1677 W. Harris tr. N. Lémery Course Chym. 17 Thus Cinnaber, and the other preparations of Mercury are Revived into Quick-silver.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Mercury By diluting the whole with an Ounce of Aqua Stygia, the whole Grain of Mercury will be revived.

1784 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 74 160 If a solution of luna cornea in volatile alkali be triturated with mercury, the silver will be revived.

1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 40 Bayen shewed that mercury converted into a calx or earth..could be revived without the addition of any inflammable substance.

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1116 Silver..was formerly called a perfect metal, because heat alone revived its oxide.

1878 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 114 It was observed..that certain metals could be ‘revived’ from solutions of their salts on the passage of a current of electricity.

1962 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 106 215/2 Learning that Lavoisier also claimed to have revived the whole of the mercury in this experiment he [sc. Priestley] repeated it yet again.

a. transitive. To make active or operative again; to set going again.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > to activity

revivea1513

renovatea1555

reawaken1708

refuel1792

whip1835

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxiiii. f. xlv^v Malcolyn departyd from the Kyng in great dyspleasure, for the which and other causes y^e warre atwene Englonde and Scotlande was reuyued.

1547 Act 1 Edw. VI c. 7 Preamble The Demandants..were compelled..to prosecute and sue Resummons..to revive their said Actions.

1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 303 Yet the estates did not forbeare..to reuiue the demaunds made at the estates helde at Tomar.

1622 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) III. 504 That..some haif gone about to reveive that persute.

1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) To Revive an old grudge.

1718 W. Wilson Let. 20 Oct. in R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) II. 398 The melancholy controversy about doctrinals is again revived.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxi. 247 The Trinitarian controversy was revived in..Alexandria.

1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) I. 349 Supported by the nation, he would have been able to revive the ancient opposition to the papacy.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. vii. 176 The attempts which during that time were made to revive the feuds of the houses.

1901 J. London in McClure's Mag. Mar. 437/2 The men became high-stomached, and revived ancient quarrels.

1999 J.-P. Azam et al. Confl. & Growth in Afr. I. 15 Conflicts involving even minor economic stakes can revive old animosities.

b. transitive. Law. To re-enact or revalidate (a law or legal document). Also (occasionally) intransitive. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > [verb (transitive)] > validate or ratify > anew

revive1531

revalidate1602

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxiv. sig. M^v He in fewe yeres,..broughte this realme in good ordre, and vnder due obedience, reuiued the lawes, auanced Iustice, refurnisshed his dominions, and repayred his manours.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxv^v Suche Lawes..as kyng Henry the sixte, had caused to be abrogated.., he again reuiued and renouated.

1643 R. Baker Chron. Kings of Eng. ii. 31 A Parliament was holden, in which the Acts made in the Eleventh yeere of King Richard were revived.

1655 in C. H. Firth Clarke Papers (1899) III. 24 His Highnesse..hath past an ordinance for reviveing the former ordnance against horse races for 6 monthes longer.

1736 Gentleman's Mag. June 301/2 The best Way to remedy this Grievance would be by reviving and pursuing the Design of the Act.

1787 W. Combe Anderson's Hist. Origin Commerce (rev. ed.) II. 142 A law of the fifth year of Queen Elizabeth, cap. xi. having revived King Henry V. cap. iii. which made it high treason in any that should file, the current coins of England.

1838 J. Story Comm. Equity Pleadings 393 In each of these cases, if the appropriate Bill is not brought by the party seeking to revive a demurrer will lie.

1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xix. 148 You may wish to revive your will after you have revoked it.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 72/2 The abrogation of any statute revives the provisions of the common law which had been abrogated by that statute.

1999 G. R. Hodges Root & Branch iv. 137 In New York city in 1773, the Common Council revived a law requiring white residents to detain for whipping any slave found in the streets after dark.

c. intransitive. Law. To become valid again.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > [verb (intransitive)] > be or remain valid > become valid again

revive1654

1654 C. Barksdale tr. H. Grotius Of Law of Warre & Peace ii. xix. 207 In extreme necessity, that old right of using things revives.

a1734 R. North Examen (1740) iii. viii. §64 632 This was for Caution, lest some Customs or Duties..might fall and not revive upon a Regrant.

1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 910/2 Upon the vassals resignation, the superior's right of property revives.

1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xix. 149 If..you desire the gift to the legatee to revive also, you should expressly declare such to be your intention.

1880 N. C. Moak Rep. Cases decided by Eng. Courts XXV. 254 The right of a creditor to sue the debtor for his original debt revives, but it revives only at the election of the creditor.

1921 Columbia Law Rev. 21 384 Where a wife leaves her husband, the latter's liability is only suspended; and, if it revives on death, it revives on insanity.

1993 Internat. Law Rep. 92 337 Whilst that right in principle revives on the termination of such care, it may be further suspended by an application of Section 28.

†d. transitive. To reopen (an election). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > [verb (transitive)] > reopen an election

revive1818

1818 A. Male Treat. Law & Pract. of Elections ii. i. 175 Where the poll is once declared and acknowledged, the election is complete, and cannot be revived.

a. transitive. To bring back into existence or use; to re-establish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > something obsolete or in abeyance

raisec1175

renewa1382

restorec1384

revive1516

revoke1574

resurrect1823

1516 Birgette in Myrr. Our Lady (E.E.T.S.) p. l And loo a meruaylous thyng, the olde myracle was reuyued.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 6 Theare must thee kingdoom with Troian fame be reuiued.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 246 The end of our prosecution is to reforme the Kingdome, to reuiue Justice and order.

1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (x. 10) ii. 441 This demonstrateth the great danger..of reviving Jewish ceremonies.

1712 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 4) 81 It may cost the Parish a Chancery Suit again to revive the Trust.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. x. 252 To execute this..arduous design, he first resolved to revive the obsolete office of censor.

1827 B. Disraeli Vivian Grey III. v. xv. 315 We might all retire to this valley, and revive the old feudal times with great success.

a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 348 If the revivers went on the principle of now reviving one style and now another.

1927 Daily Express 26 Mar. 8/5 At Coombe-Keynes, a Devon village, the Mid-Lent pilgrimage has been revived.

1985 V. S. Pritchett Man of Lett. 29 Scott does not revive the past or escape into it, he assimilates it for his own time.

2005 Y. Bell Edwardian Home 12 Pargeting, the old technique of embossing patterns on plasterwork, was revived.

b. transitive. To restore to public notice or attention; to make known or current again.In quots. 1577¹, 1577² perhaps: to revise, review.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > to knowledge, notice, or currency

revive1517

1517 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1928) i. 12 Theyr grete actes agayne to reuyue In flammynge tongues for to abyde on lyue.

1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. (title page) Which work is newly reuyued, corrected, and published by the Chirurgions of the same Hospital.

1577 W. Clowes et al. in Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. Ep. Ded. sig. ¶.v By vs the forenamed Surgions..newly reuiued, corrected & published abroad.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ff4 That..I may reviue and reintegrate the misapplyed..name of Natural Magicke.

1629 W. Prynne Church of Englands Old Antithesis 84 It reuiues the old Pelagian Tenent.

1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. viii In my Opinion, Obsolete Words may then be laudably reviv'd.

1739 J. Swift Verses on Death Dr. Swift: Nov. 1731 10 He'll treat me, as he does my Betters,..Revive the Libels born to die.

1778 F. Burney Evelina III. xvi. 185 Have you, Madam, been prevailed upon to revive that ridiculous old story?

1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott I. xi. 416 Scott's object and delight was to revive the fame of the Rhymer.

1882 A. Ainger C. Lamb vi. 99 The publishers brought out..a new monthly journal, reviving in it the name of an earlier, and extinct periodical.

1933 A. W. Barton Text Bk. Heat ix. 186 The atomic theory was successfully revived by Dalton at the beginning of the nineteenth century.

1988 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator 19 Apr. f7/2 The producers..want to revive some of the unmemorable tunes and bubblegum music popular with the teenyboppers of that era.

2008 Victorian Mar. 22/1 He revives the myth that all the façades on Haussmann's major streets conformed to official ordinances.

c. intransitive. To return or come back after a period of abeyance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > be or become restored [verb (intransitive)] > return after period of abeyance

revive1759

1759 O. Goldsmith Enq. Present State Polite Learning v. 50 Happy country, where the pastoral age begins to revive!

1808 W. Scott Let. 18 Sept. (1932) II. 93 The days of William Wallace..seem to be reviving there.

1881 R. L. Stevenson Lett. (1899) I. 226 But the old time is dead also, never, never to revive.

1939 M. Elwin Old Gods Falling v. 146 His lung troubles revived in the autumn, and he again went to winter at Davos.

1991 A. Gurganus White People 58 I vowed I'd listen till the other sounds revived at dawn.

2007 M. Aoki & H. Yoshikawa Reconstructing Macroeconomics vii. 191 The same idea revived after the first oil shock in 1973/4.

a. transitive. To bring before the mind again; to recall (a remembered thing or person).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > call to mind, recollect [verb (transitive)]

i-thenchec897

bethinkOE

mingOE

thinkOE

monelOE

umbethinkc1175

to draw (also take) into (or to) memorya1275

minc1330

record1340

revert1340

remembera1382

mindc1384

monishc1384

to bring to mindc1390

remenec1390

me meanetha1400

reducec1425

to call to mind1427

gaincall1434

pense1493

remord?1507

revocate1527

revive1531

cite1549

to call back1572

recall1579

to call to mind (also memory, remembrance)1583

to call to remembrance1583

revoke1586

reverse1590

submonish1591

recover1602

recordate1603

to call up1606

to fetch up1608

reconjure1611

collect1612

remind1615

recollect1631

rememorize1632

retrieve1644

think1671

reconnoitre1729

member1823

reminisce1829

rememorate1835

recomember1852

evoke1856

updraw1879

withcall1901

access1978

the mind > mental capacity > memory > remember [verb (reflexive)]

mingOE

bethink?c1225

umbethinka1300

rememberc1350

rememberc1405

record1483

remembera1522

think1556

revive1774

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxii. sig. g.iiij^v The residue that was therto knytte and adioyned, and late semed for the tyme ded or bireft from the mynde, is reuiued and (as it were) retourned home agayne, it is than had for redemed or restored, and is proprely called remembraunce.

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 160 The Citizens..send him a choking message reviving the cruelty done..his brother.

1694 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) ii. x. 70 The Mind has a Power..to revive Perceptions, it has once had.

1759 W. H. Dilworth Life of Pope 85 Some of the letters served to revive past scenes of friendship.

1774 S. Johnson Let. 30 Mar. (1992) II. 135 I cannot omit this opportunity of reviving myself in your memory.

1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. i. 333 Take first the recovery of feelings of energetic action, as when reviving the exploits and exertions of yesterday.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. iii. 24 The surrounding scene revived..all the impressions of my boyhood.

1901 R. Kipling Kim xi. 276 His mind moved all in the past, and he revived every step of their wonderful first journey together.

1996 G. Berriault Women in their Beds (1997) 163 The adoration that had taken her to Paris seven years ago was revived in her memory.

b. transitive. To renew or restore (the remembrance of a person); to recall, bring back, or renew (the memory of a person or thing).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > reminder, putting in mind > remind [verb (transitive)]

mingOE

mina1200

bethink1340

recorda1382

reducec1425

rememberc1425

rememorate1460

mind1524

revive?1564

remembrance1593

recall1595

prompt1600

remind1621

enmind1645

immind1647

refricate1657

commonish1661

flap1790

to touch up1796

?1564 Reedifying of Salomons Temple (single sheet) Pedder and Wyntrel, these are they whose memory and fame Shalbe reuiued, when they are dead their actes deserue the same.

1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. F2 ^v Vpbraiding me for reuiuing in an epistle of mine the reuerend memorie of Sir Thomas Moore.

1640 R. Brathwait Ar't Asleepe Husband? 297 Lady Armenia..whom we have formerly mentioned, and whose memory cannot bee too much revived.

1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. Introd. Pref. sig. b1^v The Objects..do Revive the Memory of those good Thoughts.

1713 R. Steele in Guardian 17 Mar. 1/1 This Conversation revives to us the Memory of a Friend.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) III. xxvii. 66 Every disgraceful moment of the unfortunate reigns of Arcadius and Honorius revived the memory of their irreparable loss.

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxxix. 256 These sounds..revived in full force the memory of the old ghost legend.

1886 T. Hardy Mayor of Casterbridge II. xii. 162 Her figure..so strongly revived in his soul the memory of another ill-used woman.

1960 Ebony Mar. 141/2 The talk is reviving the memory of the former Chicago lawyer.

1999 A. Gilead Saving Possibilities iv. 115 Simulation and cinematic illusion can reveal truth and revive the memory of real events.

10. transitive. To put on a new production of (a play, musical, etc., that has not been performed for some time). Later also with reference to films or television programmes. Also intransitive with passive meaning.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > stage [verb (intransitive)] > be staged again

revive1615

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > stage [verb (transitive)] > again

reproduce1795

revive1823

society > communication > broadcasting > [verb (intransitive)] > be resumed (of series)

revive1955

1615 J. Stephens Satyrical Ess. 247 His obiect is, A new Play, or A Play newly revived.

1637 T. Heywood Pleasant Dialogues & Dramma's 248 (heading) A Prologue to the Play of Queene Elizabeth as it was last revived at the Cock-pit.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 1. ⁋6 It is not now doubted but Plays will revive, and take their usual Place in the opinion of Persons of Wit and Merit.

1755 C. Charke Narr. Life 168 I went to the Hay-Market, where my Brother revived the Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet.

1823 Examiner 845/1 Do the managers ‘revive’ some of the standard plays?

1899 A. W. Ward Hist. Eng. Dramatic Lit. (ed. 2) I. ii. 248 Thersytes..was printed at some date not earlier than 1561; it may have been revived under Queen Elisabeth.

1935 G. Greene in Spectator 20 Dec. 1028/2 To see again such an old silent film as The New Babylon, which the Forum recently revived, is to be painfully aware that the modern commercial picture has..learned nothing.

1955 Times 13 May 16/1 The B.B.C. had left the door open when its run ended. It would be too soon for Hughie Green to ‘raise his eyebrows’ in September, 1949, because he had not been told that it would be revived.

1977 Times Lit. Suppl. 25 Feb. 200/2 The plays..do not in my view revive successfully today.

2001 R. B. Browne & P. Browne Guide U.S. Pop. Culture 72/1 With continuing interest in Beany and Cecil, ABC revived the series for fall of 1988.

11.

a. transitive. To restore (a design, etc.) to clearness or freshness; to bring out clearly.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > be or make visible [verb (transitive)] > make distinct

disshadow1610

unshade1611

terminate1747

revive1779

distinctify1877

deblur1971

1779 W. Combe Lett. Yorick & Eliza I. 93 If I could, by any means, recover it [sc. the design], I would endeavour to revive its faded colours, and send it to thee.

1861 E. O'Curry Lect. Manuscript Materials Anc. Irish Hist. 150 I took the necessary means of reviving the ink.

1875 F. H. A. Scrivener 6 Lect. Text New Test. 18 Attempts have been made to revive the faded characters.

1907 Hermathena 14 414 Care should be taken in employing chemical reagents to revive faded or obscured writing.

1949 Pop. Sci. Monthly Apr. 223 (heading) How to revive faded photographs.

1995 C. Beamish tr. A. Mérot French Painting in 17th Cent. xi. 273/1 Recent restoration has revived the colours and given precision to the outlines, making appreciation of the painting possible.

†b. transitive. To treat (clothing) with a reviver (reviver n.¹ 1b). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > repair or renovate > with reviver

revive1818

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > renovate or renew > refurbish > specific clothing

revive1818

1818 S. E. Ferrier Marriage II. iv. 40 They..soon found occupation congenial to their nature in the little departments of life; dressing crape; reviving black silk; converting narrow hems into broad hems.

1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 106 It [sc. the hat] was as black as the coat. The truth flashed suddenly upon us—they had been ‘revived’.

1881 G. O. P. in W. Forrester Great-Grandmama's Weekly (1980) ix. 167/1 A recipe for reviving black cloth is given.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	revive
释义	† reviven. Forms: see revive v. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: revive v. Etymology: < revive v. Compare earlier reviving n. and later revival n., revivification n. Obsolete. = revival n. (in various senses).In quot. 1553 (in a discussion of the affectation of ‘inkhorn’ terms) a reported error for ‘reliefs’. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > resurrection or revival > [noun] aristc885 risinga1200 uprisingc1250 upristc1250 arisnessa1300 uprisea1300 arising1340 uparising1340 again-risingc1384 uprasa1400 upraisingc1400 resuscitation?a1450 revive1553 gain-risinga1557 revivification1561 restorement1571 apotheosis1595 revival1608 reviviscencea1631 reanimation1633 second birth1643 reviviction1646 anastasis1647 reviviscency1654 rise1738 anabiosis1890 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > [noun] > dramatic performance > revival revive1553 revival?1611 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 87^v For so helpe me God and halidome, we are so taken on with contrary Bishoppes, with reuiues, and with subsides to the kyng, that al our money is cleane gone. 1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. E4 Hee is dead, and therefore grieue not thy memorie with the imagination of his new reuiue. 1649 D. P. True Primitive State of Civill & Ecclesiasticall Govt. 7 A revive of the first Testament, touching a civill and unblameable conversation in the flesh. 1663 S. Pepys Diary 22 July (1971) IV. 239 He grew very proud and demanded 20l for himself extraordinary..upon every new play, and 10l upon every Revive. 1680 R. Bryan Prophetick Demonstr. Passages Mistery of Observable Predict. State of Reynelus & Romulus i. 1 This new revive of Nature and her Laws. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online September 2018). revivev. Brit. /rᵻˈvʌɪv/, U.S. /rəˈvaɪv/, /riˈvaɪv/ Forms: late Middle English rebibe (transmission error), late Middle English reveve, late Middle English revyfe, late Middle English rewyve, late Middle English reyvyvoen (infinitive), late Middle English 1600s revieve, late Middle English–1500s revyue, late Middle English–1600s reuyue, late Middle English–1600s revyve, late Middle English– revive, 1500s reuyve, 1500s–1600s reuiue, 1500s–1600s reviue, 1600s reuive, 1700s reviuve; Scottish pre-1700 reuiue, pre-1700 reveif, pre-1700 reveive, pre-1700 reveve, pre-1700 revieue, pre-1700 reviue, pre-1700 reviue, pre-1700 reweiwe, pre-1700 rewife, pre-1700 1700s– revive, pre-1700 1800s reveeve. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French reviver; Latin revivere. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman reviver, Anglo-Norman and Middle French revivre (French revivre ) to return to life following death (end of the 10th cent. in Old French (also used reflexively)), to restore (a dead person or animal) to life (13th cent.), to give fresh life or vigour to (a person, a person's heart or spirit) (late 13th cent. or earlier), to bring (something) back into existence or use (1538), in Anglo-Norman also (of a law or legal document) to become valid again (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), to re-enact or revalidate (a law or legal document) (early 14th cent. or earlier) and its etymon post-classical Latin revivere to live again (5th cent.) < classical Latin re- re- prefix + vīvere to live (see vivat int.). Compare Old Occitan reviure (12th–13th cent.), Catalan reviure (13th cent.), Spanish revivir (first half of the 15th cent.), Portuguese reviver (15th cent.), Italian rivivere (beginning of the 14th cent.; c1300 as †revivere). 1. a. intransitive. To return to consciousness; to recover from a swoon or faint.In early use with perfect tenses formed with to be. ΚΠ c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 60 (MED) Annoon the cowe reuyuyd and began to ete. a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) 9745 (MED) On swounyng she fel him beforn; Whan that she revived was, She called hir doghtre Lucidas. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 477 (MED) Canutus..lay on the grownde as dedde; whiche revivynge [L. respirans] was gladde that he was reservede to lyfe. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 690/1 He is in suche a swounde that I wene he wyll never revyve agayne. 1548 T. Cooper Bibliotheca Eliotæ (rev. ed.) Reuiuisco, to be reuiued; to recouer life agayne. 1611 Bible (King James) Judges xv. 19 When he had drunke, his spirit came againe, and he reuiued . View more context for this quotation 1637 J. Milton Comus 29 And through the porch, and inlet of each sense [they] Dropt in ambrosial oyles till she reviv'd. 1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. 25 They fetcht her a Bundle of Myrrh, and a while after she was revived . View more context for this quotation 1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. v. 507 As pious children joy..When a lov'd Sire revives before their sight. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xxxii. 399 It is clear, that if, upon judgment to be hanged by the neck till he is dead, the criminal be not thoroughly killed, but revives, the sheriff must hang him again. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxviii. 141 St. Clare had fainted,..but, as Miss Ophelia applied restoratives, he revived. 1884 D. Pae Eustace 11 ‘She is reviving,’ exclaimed Eustace. 1905 E. M. Forster Where Angels fear to Tread iv. 108 She felt very ill, and fainted; and when she revived she was lying in the road. 1958 M. Sandoz Cattlemen iv. i. 341 DeCory was knocked out and when he revived, everybody was gone. 2005 H. Boyd & R. Robinson Pound for Pound xi. 89 He failed to respond after being knocked out in the first round. But after some minutes he revived. b. transitive. To cause (a person or animal) to return to consciousness; to bring back from a swoon or faint, or from a state of suspended animation. ΚΠ c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) ii. cl. 570 Huon and she..fell downe bothe in a traunce..: then the lordes reuyued them [Fr. puis tost apres les barons les releuerent]. 1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. iii. viii. f. 105 All labouring by rubbing his temples, throwing cold water and vinegar in his face, to reuiue him againe. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 283 This Water reviv'd his Father more than all the Rum or Spirits I had given him; for he was just fainting with Thirst. 1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Antiq. Jews ii. vii, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 49 Jacob almost fainted away at this..great joy: however Joseph revived him. 1833 C. Williams Fall River 174 It would be a sin to revive her if they could. She was very pale and her pulse was very low. 1863 E. Ponsonby Mary Lyndsay I. xiv. 271 When that care had revived Mary from her swoon, it was evident that she returned only to a half consciousness. 1914 E. R. Burroughs Tarzan of Apes xxv. 337 Soon the cool water revived him, and presently he opened his eyes. 1989 S. Bedford Jigsaw iv. 203 I found myself on a sofa being revived by Oriane with a handkerchief soaked in eau-de-cologne. 2001 A. Heilman Never Far Away 65 There was no one to revive the fainted, there was nothing to revive them with. 2. a. transitive. To restore (a dead person or animal) to life; to bring back from death or the grave. Also figurative and in figurative contexts.intransitive (with implied object) in quot. c1425. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > resurrection or revival > [verb (transitive)] quickOE arearc1000 raisec1175 reara1325 upraisec1340 quickena1382 again-raisec1384 araisea1400 resuscea1400 revokea1413 recovera1425 revivec1425 suscitec1430 resuscite?c1450 risea1500 relive?1526 to call againa1529 resuscitate1532 requicken1576 refetch1599 reanimate1611 reinspire1611 reinanimatea1631 recreate1631 revivify1631 redivive1634 revivificate1660 resurrection1661 resurrect1773 re-embody1791 revivicate1798 re-energize1803 resurrectionize1804 revitalize1869 reimpress1883 c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 27 (MED) He roys vpe hole..yeldynge thankynges to God that mortifieth and revyuyth, smytyth and helyth. c1460 Tree & 12 Frutes (McClean) (1960) 127 (MED) By þi living þo þat ben dede in bad living shul be revyvid and quiknid to good living. 1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) xvi. xiii. sig. R.iiij^v The blood that the grete foule bled reuyued the chyckens from deth to lyf. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. BBBvii Caused the spirit of man after dethe to retourne to the body & reuiue the same. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. iii. sig. P^v Hable to heale the sicke, and to reuiue the ded. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. i. 198 To end one doubt by death, Reuiues two greater in the heires of life. View more context for this quotation 1603 England's Welcome to Jas. I iii. sig. C3 He Lazarus reuiued from the graue. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 129 I remember not in Scripture that God ever revived a brute Beast. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 97. ⁋2 A Prince could not revive a Dead Man by taking the Life of him who killed him. 1753 T. Gray Hymn to Adversity in Six Poems 27 The gen'rous spark extinct revive, Teach me to love and to forgive. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xv. 471 Christ, with..the elect who had escaped death, or who had been miraculously revived, would reign upon earth. 1818 P. B. Shelley On Faded Violet 11 I weep,—my tears revive it not! I sigh,—it breathes no more on me. 1851 N. Hawthorne House of Seven Gables xviii. 293 A glorious wine... It would all but revive a dead man! 1956 R. Macaulay Towers of Trebizond iv. 38 The young man Eutychus..fell down three storeys and was taken up for dead but revived by the apostle. 1982 J. Hooper in O. Davies Omni Bk. Paranormal & Mind v. xxvi. 287 Near-death experiences.., those ethereal, otherworldly visions reported by patients who are revived from clinical death. 2002 A. Rockoff Going to Pieces ii. 35/2 Zombies, revived by an excess of radiation accidentally released from a space probe, have begun feasting on the brains..of the living. b. intransitive. Of a person or animal: to return to life following death; to live again. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > resurrection or revival > [verb (intransitive)] aquickc885 arisec950 quickeOE riseOE upbraidc1275 uprisec1340 quickena1382 recoverc1400 resuscite?c1450 revivea1500 raise1526 relive?1526 resuscitate1602 requicken1611 reanimate1645 resurrect1805 re-energize1938 a1500 (c1445) J. Lydgate Miracles St. Edmund l. 424 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 445/2 (MED) Our lord Jhesu took heed to ther axing Off his mercy the chyld gan to revyve. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. xiv. 9 Christ therfore dyed and rose agayne and revived. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 28 [Insects] being once so discerped can neuer after..reuiue and quicken againe. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) i. i. 18 Henry is dead, and neuer shall reuiue . View more context for this quotation a1661 B. Holyday in tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) To Rdr. The endeavor of such, as would prove that Martial..in his later age reviv'd into Christianity. 1712 A. Pope Rape of Locke ii, in Misc. Poems 371 Chloe stept in, and kill'd him with a Frown;..But at her Smile, the Beau reviv'd again. 1737 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 113/2 Still the pale dead revives and lives to me. 1819 W. Scott Let. 19 July (1933) V. 431 Dr. Morris ought like Nourjahad to revive every half century to record the fleeting manners of the age. 1888 Pop. Sci. Monthly July 386 Emotionally we revive in our children. 1908 G. C. Lodge Herakles 200 In the House of God I stood alone, and there the man I was, Florid and perdurable and splendid, died—Died to revive! 1974 I. Stevenson Twenty Cases Suggestive of Reincarnation (ed. 2) ii. 47 We do not know that the change in personality of Jasbir took place immediately on the night when his body seemed to die and then revive. 2006 S. Connor Fly iii. 73 The stories about the powers of flies to survive extremity or revive after death have more foundation than one might expect. 3. a. transitive. To give fresh life or vigour to; to restore from a tired, languid, or depressed state. In early use also with infinitive. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > refresh or invigorate [verb (transitive)] akeleOE restOE comfort1303 ease1330 quickc1350 recurea1382 refresha1382 refetec1384 restorec1384 affilea1393 enforcec1400 freshc1405 revigour?a1425 recomfortc1425 recreatec1425 quicken?c1430 revive1442 cheerc1443 refection?c1450 refect1488 unweary1530 freshen1532 corroborate1541 vige?c1550 erect?1555 recollect?1560 repose1562 respite1565 rouse1574 requicken1576 animate1585 enlive1593 revify1598 inanimate1600 insinew1600 to wind up1602 vigorize1603 inspiritc1610 invigour1611 refocillate1611 revigorate1611 renovate1614 spriten1614 repaira1616 activate1624 vigour1636 enliven1644 invigorate1646 rally1650 reinvigorate1652 renerve1652 to freshen up1654 righta1656 re-enlivena1660 recruita1661 enlighten1667 revivify1675 untire1677 reanimate1694 stimulate1759 rebrace1764 refreshen1780 brisken1799 irrigate1823 tonic1825 to fresh up1835 ginger1844 spell1846 recuperate1849 binge1854 tone1859 innerve1880 fiercen1896 to tone up1896 to buck up1909 pep1912 to zip up1927 to perk up1936 to zizz up1944 hep1948 to zing up1948 juice1964 the mind > emotion > pleasure > cheerfulness > make cheerful [verb (transitive)] > recover good spirits revive1442 reprise1481 to retrick one's beams1856 1442 T. Bekington Let. in G. Williams Mem. Reign Henry VI (1872) II. 196 (MED) God send grace that ye son and hastly sende hither som comfort and succours to revieve the herts of the pouple. a1547 Earl of Surrey Poems (1964) 10 Revyved with a glynse of grace olde sorowes to let fall. 1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. 67 In fayth I was reuiude At those thy cheerefull words. 1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in Complaints 756 He..with sweete delight Of Musicks skill revives his toyled spright. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. i. 5 The Lord will reuiue you, I hope, and all of us also who labour in this toyling kinde. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 220 What first Æneas in this place beheld, Reviv'd his Courage, and his Fear expel'd. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 157 Our Men were reviv'd with this Discovery. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. v. 144 St. Aubert was revived by rest, and by the serene air of this summit. 1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 251 Like a summer cloud, which..revives the fields over which it passes. 1898 J. Geikie Earth Sculpt. 306 The erosive energy of the rivers is renewed, and they are said therefore to be revived. 1932 R. Lehmann Invitation to Waltz i. iii. 59 Colours revived her spirits, textures soothed her. 1977 B. Head Collector of Treasures 38 A tray with a bowl of meat and porridge was set before her so that she could revive herself after her long journey home. 2007 P. Barker Life Class xxvii. 203 The walk into town in the fresh clean air, stars pricking overhead, revived him. b. intransitive. To gain fresh courage or strength; to recover from a tired, languid, or depressed state. ΚΠ 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. lxxxiv. f. lxxxxvii^v/1 When he sawe the lorde de la vale his herte reuyued [Fr. si luy reuint le cueur] & thought there was some tretye in hande. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 677/1 I quycken or revyve, I take hert, je deuiens vif. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Macc. xiii. 7 As soone as the people heard these words, their spirit reuiued . View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 871 I revive At this last sight, assur'd that Man shall live. View more context for this quotation 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 95 With this Thought my Spirits began to revive. 1779 J. Newton in J. Newton & W. Cowper Olney Hymns iii. lviii. 379 His heart revives, if cross the plains He eyes his home. 1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna iv. xxxiii. 91 My powers revived within me, and I went..Thro' many a vale. 1860 J. W. Warter Sea-board & Down II. 200 When this was done, his spirits seemed to revive. 1927 V. Woolf To Lighthouse i. i. 20 Charles Tansley revived... She made him feel better pleased with himself than he had done yet. 1999 L. Y. Minatoya Strangeness of Beauty i. 18 Akira could tell that Naomi was tired. Yet when she saw the leaves she seemed to revive. c. intransitive. Of a person, animal, or plant: to assume fresh life, vigour, or health, esp. after nearly dying. Also figurative. ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 677/1 I quycken, I revyve, as a thyng dothe..that was wyddered, or almoste deed, and retourneth to lyfe agayne. 1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Ciiij Euen as a dying coale reuiues with winde. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Hosea xiv. 7 They that dwell vnder his shadow shall returne: they shall reuiue as the corne. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 493 If chance the radiant Sun..Extend his ev'ning beam, the fields revive . View more context for this quotation 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 3. ⁋3 She would revive..out of a wasting Distemper, into a Habit of the highest Health and Vigour. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xii. 334 The strength of Aurelian had crushed on every side the enemies of Rome. After his death they seemed to revive and even to multiply. a1822 P. B. Shelley When Passion's Trance is Overpast in Posthumous Poems (1824) 205 After the slumber of the year..All things revive in field or grove. 1871 G. MacDonald At Back of North Wind xxviii. 264 She would begin to revive..with the first appearance of the..crescent moon. 1928 D. H. Lawrence Lady Chatterley's Lover viii. 106 The poor flowers hung over, limp on their stalks. ‘They'll revive again!’ she said. 1961 A. Foulke tr. F. Mauriac Second Thoughts ii. iv. 165 Often just one branch sickens. I order it to be pruned and the tree revives and its death agony is prolonged. 2006 M. Cox Meaning of Night (2007) 397 Gradually she began to revive, take a little food, and sit up. 4. a. intransitive. Of a feeling, disposition, etc.: to return, to be reawakened. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > be or become restored [verb (intransitive)] > to activity revivea1460 resurge1575 result1609 reawaken1778 reawakea1873 a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 1670 (MED) Thus with seueritee and good vsage Ther wil revive in theim a fyne corage. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. cxv. f. liii His olde Condicions began in him to reuyue and quycken, soo that at length he retournyd to his olde accustomed vycys. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. vii. 9 When the commaundement came synne revyved and I was deed. 1621 T. W. tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard 69 There are sinnes, which doe not grow old, nor dye in old age, but commonly grow young, and reuiue againe. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 465. ⁋1 The doubt which was laid revives again. 1779 W. Cowper Human Frailty 8 But Passion rudely snaps the string [of the bow], and it [sc. vice] revives again. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles vi. ix. 232 And Love, howe'er the maiden strive, Must with reviving hope revive! 1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede II. iii. xxvi. 206 The jealousy and fretfulness which had revived when Adam came to tell her that [etc.]. 1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. 98 His innate distrust of general principles revived. 1988 G. Greene Captain & Enemy vii. 105 I was tired of hack journalism. My desire to be a writer revived. 2006 Ç. A. Fromm tr. O. Z. Livaneli Bliss (2007) 97 Her hopes revived when she saw a line of purple mountains in the distance. b. transitive. To reawaken (a desire, emotion, etc.). ΚΠ ?1537 T. Elyot Castell of Helthe ii. xi. f. 30 Partriche..hath in hym moche nutrimente, comforteth the brayne, and maketh sede of generation, and reuyueth luste, whiche is abated. 1572 G. Fenton tr. E. Pasquier Monophylo i. f. 29^v Absence reuiueth our affection, enforceth our desire, and redoubleth our hope. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. vi. sig. R5 Noise of armes..Might not reuiue desire of knightly exercize. 1685 Lady Russell Lett. I. 58 Never any poor creature..has had more awakers to quicken and revive the anguish of its soul than I. 1707 E. Smith Phædra & Hippolytus iv. 42 Your sudden Presence would surprize her Soul,..Revive her Sorrow, Indignation, Shame. a1771 T. Gray tr. Dante in Wks. (1884) I. 157 Would'st thou revive the deep Despair. 1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella II. ii. ix. 489 The beautiful specimens of pearls..revived the cupidity of the nation. 1859 E. FitzGerald tr. Rubáiyát Omar Khayyám iv. 2 Now the New Year reviving old Desires, The thoughtful Soul to Solitude retires. 1925 V. Woolf Mrs. Dalloway 194 Clarissa Dalloway had laughed at her..; and had revived the fleshly desires, for she minded looking as she did beside Clarissa. 1971 G. Selcamm Fifty-seventh Street iii. 151 He didn't want to talk to her again, or even see her; the very thought revived his rage. 2006 L. M. Gouge Then came Faith xiv. 132 André's nightly visit with Mama revived some of his anxiety. 5. a. intransitive. To return to a flourishing state following decline or decay. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > be or become restored [verb (intransitive)] > to flourishing condition revire?1440 revivea1460 to perk upa1656 resurrect1969 a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 1691 (MED) Exercise Of werre may in peax revyue & rise. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Resurgo Maiestas Pop. Rom. resurrexit, reuiued, or came to the olde state agayne. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. iii. 151 That sect began to reuiue againe vnder a certaine famous professour, who drew after him many disciples. 1668 J. Evelyn tr. R. Fréart Idea Perfection Painting 3 In the Age of Leonardo da Vinci, and Raphael..we..see the Art revive again with so much vigour. 1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 40 Then Sculpture and her Sister-Arts revive; Stones leap'd to Form, and Rocks began to live. 1737 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 3/2 Therefore I do not doubt..Trade will here again revive. 1840 T. B. Macaulay Ld. Clive in Ess. (1897) 541 The abuses which he had suppressed began to revive. 1891 Sat. Rev. 24 Oct. 471/2 It looked as if speculation there was once more reviving; but it fell away again. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 916/1 The Socialist movement revived only after 1864. 1987 Observer 19 Apr. 14/6 The old religions of Buddhism and Confucianism are reviving in China. 2002 P. Collier & D. Dollar Globalization, Growth, & Poverty i. 24 As trade barriers came down, and transport costs continued to fall, trade revived. b. transitive. To cause to return to a flourishing state; to restore again following decline or decay.In quot. a1500 perhaps intransitive in perfect tense formed with to be. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > to flourishing condition recovera1425 recreatec1425 renewc1450 revivea1500 resuscitate1532 refresh1533 retrieve1652 revirginize1852 revigorate1886 a1500 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 150 (MED) In knyghthod largesse nwli ys reuyuyd. 1549 T. Cooper Lanquet's Epitome of Crons. iii. f. 160 He reuiued againe the Christian faieth, whiche was greatly minisshed in dyuers places of his kyngdome. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 369 His Monument is lately reuiued by the Companie of the mystery of Mercers. 1686 tr. J. Chardin Trav. Persia 11 The War in Candy..encourag'd 'em to revive their Commerce in the Territories of the Grand Signior. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. p. lxii When Conversation appears in danger to flag,..I took care to invent some sudden Question..to revive it. 1759 O. Goldsmith Enq. Present State Polite Learning iii Two poets in an age are not sufficient to revive the splendour of decaying genius. 1799 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 2 175 Those who are endeavouring so meritoriously to revive the reputation of digitalis. 1812 E. Wakefield Acct. Ireland II. xiv. 5 Things continued nearly in the same languishing condition; and little seems to have been done to revive trade or encourage manufactures. 1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues IV. 114 Plato is not disposed to encourage amateur attempts to revive religion in states. 1927 Observer 9 Oct. 16/4 When Randolph Churchill set out to revive his party, what did he do? He swept away Crokerism. 1995 C. Bateman Cycle of Violence xv. 254 You've singlehandedly revived the undertaking business in Crossmaheart. †c. transitive. To restore (a person) to a flourishing state. Also with infinitive. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > [verb (transitive)] > to prosperity redressa1400 to set up1530 revive1560 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccciiij^v Thus beyng againe reuiued [L. auctus], he forgot the benefit receiued. 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 11^v What helpes reuiue, The thriuing to thriue... Plow, fence, & store, Aught els before. 6. Chemistry. †a. intransitive. Of a metal or other substance: to return to a pure or uncombined state. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > undergo chemical reactions or processes [verb (intransitive)] > undergo chemical reactions or processes (named) > undergo revivification revivea1500 revivify1728 a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 1620 (MED) Watir clansith with ablucion blyve, And thingis mortified causith to revive. 1790 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. iii. viii. §viii. 450 I place a bottle in the water, at the end of the tube, for receiving the mercury, in proportion as it revives and distils over. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 765 When the lead revives, it separates the gold from the sand. b. transitive. To convert or restore (a metal or other substance, esp. mercury) to or into its pure or uncombined form. Also with from (a mixture or compound). Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to revivification revive1649 revivify1668 1649 N. Culpeper Physicall Directory 331 Take of crude Mercury distilled in a retort with Bay salt, or revived with common Cinnabarum, one part. 1677 W. Harris tr. N. Lémery Course Chym. 17 Thus Cinnaber, and the other preparations of Mercury are Revived into Quick-silver. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Mercury By diluting the whole with an Ounce of Aqua Stygia, the whole Grain of Mercury will be revived. 1784 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 74 160 If a solution of luna cornea in volatile alkali be triturated with mercury, the silver will be revived. 1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 40 Bayen shewed that mercury converted into a calx or earth..could be revived without the addition of any inflammable substance. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1116 Silver..was formerly called a perfect metal, because heat alone revived its oxide. 1878 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 114 It was observed..that certain metals could be ‘revived’ from solutions of their salts on the passage of a current of electricity. 1962 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 106 215/2 Learning that Lavoisier also claimed to have revived the whole of the mercury in this experiment he [sc. Priestley] repeated it yet again. 7. a. transitive. To make active or operative again; to set going again. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > to activity revivea1513 renovatea1555 reawaken1708 refuel1792 whip1835 a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxiiii. f. xlv^v Malcolyn departyd from the Kyng in great dyspleasure, for the which and other causes y^e warre atwene Englonde and Scotlande was reuyued. 1547 Act 1 Edw. VI c. 7 Preamble The Demandants..were compelled..to prosecute and sue Resummons..to revive their said Actions. 1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 303 Yet the estates did not forbeare..to reuiue the demaunds made at the estates helde at Tomar. 1622 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) III. 504 That..some haif gone about to reveive that persute. 1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) To Revive an old grudge. 1718 W. Wilson Let. 20 Oct. in R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) II. 398 The melancholy controversy about doctrinals is again revived. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxi. 247 The Trinitarian controversy was revived in..Alexandria. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) I. 349 Supported by the nation, he would have been able to revive the ancient opposition to the papacy. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. vii. 176 The attempts which during that time were made to revive the feuds of the houses. 1901 J. London in McClure's Mag. Mar. 437/2 The men became high-stomached, and revived ancient quarrels. 1999 J.-P. Azam et al. Confl. & Growth in Afr. I. 15 Conflicts involving even minor economic stakes can revive old animosities. b. transitive. Law. To re-enact or revalidate (a law or legal document). Also (occasionally) intransitive. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > [verb (transitive)] > validate or ratify > anew revive1531 revalidate1602 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxiv. sig. M^v He in fewe yeres,..broughte this realme in good ordre, and vnder due obedience, reuiued the lawes, auanced Iustice, refurnisshed his dominions, and repayred his manours. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxv^v Suche Lawes..as kyng Henry the sixte, had caused to be abrogated.., he again reuiued and renouated. 1643 R. Baker Chron. Kings of Eng. ii. 31 A Parliament was holden, in which the Acts made in the Eleventh yeere of King Richard were revived. 1655 in C. H. Firth Clarke Papers (1899) III. 24 His Highnesse..hath past an ordinance for reviveing the former ordnance against horse races for 6 monthes longer. 1736 Gentleman's Mag. June 301/2 The best Way to remedy this Grievance would be by reviving and pursuing the Design of the Act. 1787 W. Combe Anderson's Hist. Origin Commerce (rev. ed.) II. 142 A law of the fifth year of Queen Elizabeth, cap. xi. having revived King Henry V. cap. iii. which made it high treason in any that should file, the current coins of England. 1838 J. Story Comm. Equity Pleadings 393 In each of these cases, if the appropriate Bill is not brought by the party seeking to revive a demurrer will lie. 1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xix. 148 You may wish to revive your will after you have revoked it. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 72/2 The abrogation of any statute revives the provisions of the common law which had been abrogated by that statute. 1999 G. R. Hodges Root & Branch iv. 137 In New York city in 1773, the Common Council revived a law requiring white residents to detain for whipping any slave found in the streets after dark. c. intransitive. Law. To become valid again. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > [verb (intransitive)] > be or remain valid > become valid again revive1654 1654 C. Barksdale tr. H. Grotius Of Law of Warre & Peace ii. xix. 207 In extreme necessity, that old right of using things revives. a1734 R. North Examen (1740) iii. viii. §64 632 This was for Caution, lest some Customs or Duties..might fall and not revive upon a Regrant. 1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 910/2 Upon the vassals resignation, the superior's right of property revives. 1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xix. 149 If..you desire the gift to the legatee to revive also, you should expressly declare such to be your intention. 1880 N. C. Moak Rep. Cases decided by Eng. Courts XXV. 254 The right of a creditor to sue the debtor for his original debt revives, but it revives only at the election of the creditor. 1921 Columbia Law Rev. 21 384 Where a wife leaves her husband, the latter's liability is only suspended; and, if it revives on death, it revives on insanity. 1993 Internat. Law Rep. 92 337 Whilst that right in principle revives on the termination of such care, it may be further suspended by an application of Section 28. †d. transitive. To reopen (an election). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > [verb (transitive)] > reopen an election revive1818 1818 A. Male Treat. Law & Pract. of Elections ii. i. 175 Where the poll is once declared and acknowledged, the election is complete, and cannot be revived. 8. a. transitive. To bring back into existence or use; to re-establish. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > something obsolete or in abeyance raisec1175 renewa1382 restorec1384 revive1516 revoke1574 resurrect1823 1516 Birgette in Myrr. Our Lady (E.E.T.S.) p. l And loo a meruaylous thyng, the olde myracle was reuyued. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 6 Theare must thee kingdoom with Troian fame be reuiued. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 246 The end of our prosecution is to reforme the Kingdome, to reuiue Justice and order. 1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (x. 10) ii. 441 This demonstrateth the great danger..of reviving Jewish ceremonies. 1712 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 4) 81 It may cost the Parish a Chancery Suit again to revive the Trust. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. x. 252 To execute this..arduous design, he first resolved to revive the obsolete office of censor. 1827 B. Disraeli Vivian Grey III. v. xv. 315 We might all retire to this valley, and revive the old feudal times with great success. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 348 If the revivers went on the principle of now reviving one style and now another. 1927 Daily Express 26 Mar. 8/5 At Coombe-Keynes, a Devon village, the Mid-Lent pilgrimage has been revived. 1985 V. S. Pritchett Man of Lett. 29 Scott does not revive the past or escape into it, he assimilates it for his own time. 2005 Y. Bell Edwardian Home 12 Pargeting, the old technique of embossing patterns on plasterwork, was revived. b. transitive. To restore to public notice or attention; to make known or current again.In quots. 1577¹, 1577² perhaps: to revise, review. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > to knowledge, notice, or currency revive1517 1517 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1928) i. 12 Theyr grete actes agayne to reuyue In flammynge tongues for to abyde on lyue. 1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. (title page) Which work is newly reuyued, corrected, and published by the Chirurgions of the same Hospital. 1577 W. Clowes et al. in Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. Ep. Ded. sig. ¶.v By vs the forenamed Surgions..newly reuiued, corrected & published abroad. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ff4 That..I may reviue and reintegrate the misapplyed..name of Natural Magicke. View more context for this quotation 1629 W. Prynne Church of Englands Old Antithesis 84 It reuiues the old Pelagian Tenent. 1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. viii In my Opinion, Obsolete Words may then be laudably reviv'd. 1739 J. Swift Verses on Death Dr. Swift: Nov. 1731 10 He'll treat me, as he does my Betters,..Revive the Libels born to die. 1778 F. Burney Evelina III. xvi. 185 Have you, Madam, been prevailed upon to revive that ridiculous old story? 1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott I. xi. 416 Scott's object and delight was to revive the fame of the Rhymer. 1882 A. Ainger C. Lamb vi. 99 The publishers brought out..a new monthly journal, reviving in it the name of an earlier, and extinct periodical. 1933 A. W. Barton Text Bk. Heat ix. 186 The atomic theory was successfully revived by Dalton at the beginning of the nineteenth century. 1988 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator 19 Apr. f7/2 The producers..want to revive some of the unmemorable tunes and bubblegum music popular with the teenyboppers of that era. 2008 Victorian Mar. 22/1 He revives the myth that all the façades on Haussmann's major streets conformed to official ordinances. c. intransitive. To return or come back after a period of abeyance. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > be or become restored [verb (intransitive)] > return after period of abeyance revive1759 1759 O. Goldsmith Enq. Present State Polite Learning v. 50 Happy country, where the pastoral age begins to revive! 1808 W. Scott Let. 18 Sept. (1932) II. 93 The days of William Wallace..seem to be reviving there. 1881 R. L. Stevenson Lett. (1899) I. 226 But the old time is dead also, never, never to revive. 1939 M. Elwin Old Gods Falling v. 146 His lung troubles revived in the autumn, and he again went to winter at Davos. 1991 A. Gurganus White People 58 I vowed I'd listen till the other sounds revived at dawn. 2007 M. Aoki & H. Yoshikawa Reconstructing Macroeconomics vii. 191 The same idea revived after the first oil shock in 1973/4. 9. a. transitive. To bring before the mind again; to recall (a remembered thing or person). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > call to mind, recollect [verb (transitive)] i-thenchec897 bethinkOE mingOE thinkOE monelOE umbethinkc1175 to draw (also take) into (or to) memorya1275 minc1330 record1340 revert1340 remembera1382 mindc1384 monishc1384 to bring to mindc1390 remenec1390 me meanetha1400 reducec1425 to call to mind1427 gaincall1434 pense1493 remord?1507 revocate1527 revive1531 cite1549 to call back1572 recall1579 to call to mind (also memory, remembrance)1583 to call to remembrance1583 revoke1586 reverse1590 submonish1591 recover1602 recordate1603 to call up1606 to fetch up1608 reconjure1611 collect1612 remind1615 recollect1631 rememorize1632 retrieve1644 think1671 reconnoitre1729 member1823 reminisce1829 rememorate1835 recomember1852 evoke1856 updraw1879 withcall1901 access1978 the mind > mental capacity > memory > remember [verb (reflexive)] mingOE bethink?c1225 umbethinka1300 rememberc1350 rememberc1405 record1483 remembera1522 think1556 revive1774 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxii. sig. g.iiij^v The residue that was therto knytte and adioyned, and late semed for the tyme ded or bireft from the mynde, is reuiued and (as it were) retourned home agayne, it is than had for redemed or restored, and is proprely called remembraunce. 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 160 The Citizens..send him a choking message reviving the cruelty done..his brother. 1694 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) ii. x. 70 The Mind has a Power..to revive Perceptions, it has once had. 1759 W. H. Dilworth Life of Pope 85 Some of the letters served to revive past scenes of friendship. 1774 S. Johnson Let. 30 Mar. (1992) II. 135 I cannot omit this opportunity of reviving myself in your memory. 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. i. 333 Take first the recovery of feelings of energetic action, as when reviving the exploits and exertions of yesterday. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. iii. 24 The surrounding scene revived..all the impressions of my boyhood. 1901 R. Kipling Kim xi. 276 His mind moved all in the past, and he revived every step of their wonderful first journey together. 1996 G. Berriault Women in their Beds (1997) 163 The adoration that had taken her to Paris seven years ago was revived in her memory. b. transitive. To renew or restore (the remembrance of a person); to recall, bring back, or renew (the memory of a person or thing). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > reminder, putting in mind > remind [verb (transitive)] mingOE mina1200 bethink1340 recorda1382 reducec1425 rememberc1425 rememorate1460 mind1524 revive?1564 remembrance1593 recall1595 prompt1600 remind1621 enmind1645 immind1647 refricate1657 commonish1661 flap1790 to touch up1796 ?1564 Reedifying of Salomons Temple (single sheet) Pedder and Wyntrel, these are they whose memory and fame Shalbe reuiued, when they are dead their actes deserue the same. 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. F2 ^v Vpbraiding me for reuiuing in an epistle of mine the reuerend memorie of Sir Thomas Moore. 1640 R. Brathwait Ar't Asleepe Husband? 297 Lady Armenia..whom we have formerly mentioned, and whose memory cannot bee too much revived. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. Introd. Pref. sig. b1^v The Objects..do Revive the Memory of those good Thoughts. 1713 R. Steele in Guardian 17 Mar. 1/1 This Conversation revives to us the Memory of a Friend. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) III. xxvii. 66 Every disgraceful moment of the unfortunate reigns of Arcadius and Honorius revived the memory of their irreparable loss. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxxix. 256 These sounds..revived in full force the memory of the old ghost legend. 1886 T. Hardy Mayor of Casterbridge II. xii. 162 Her figure..so strongly revived in his soul the memory of another ill-used woman. 1960 Ebony Mar. 141/2 The talk is reviving the memory of the former Chicago lawyer. 1999 A. Gilead Saving Possibilities iv. 115 Simulation and cinematic illusion can reveal truth and revive the memory of real events. 10. transitive. To put on a new production of (a play, musical, etc., that has not been performed for some time). Later also with reference to films or television programmes. Also intransitive with passive meaning. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > stage [verb (intransitive)] > be staged again revive1615 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > stage [verb (transitive)] > again reproduce1795 revive1823 society > communication > broadcasting > [verb (intransitive)] > be resumed (of series) revive1955 1615 J. Stephens Satyrical Ess. 247 His obiect is, A new Play, or A Play newly revived. 1637 T. Heywood Pleasant Dialogues & Dramma's 248 (heading) A Prologue to the Play of Queene Elizabeth as it was last revived at the Cock-pit. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 1. ⁋6 It is not now doubted but Plays will revive, and take their usual Place in the opinion of Persons of Wit and Merit. 1755 C. Charke Narr. Life 168 I went to the Hay-Market, where my Brother revived the Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. 1823 Examiner 845/1 Do the managers ‘revive’ some of the standard plays? 1899 A. W. Ward Hist. Eng. Dramatic Lit. (ed. 2) I. ii. 248 Thersytes..was printed at some date not earlier than 1561; it may have been revived under Queen Elisabeth. 1935 G. Greene in Spectator 20 Dec. 1028/2 To see again such an old silent film as The New Babylon, which the Forum recently revived, is to be painfully aware that the modern commercial picture has..learned nothing. 1955 Times 13 May 16/1 The B.B.C. had left the door open when its run ended. It would be too soon for Hughie Green to ‘raise his eyebrows’ in September, 1949, because he had not been told that it would be revived. 1977 Times Lit. Suppl. 25 Feb. 200/2 The plays..do not in my view revive successfully today. 2001 R. B. Browne & P. Browne Guide U.S. Pop. Culture 72/1 With continuing interest in Beany and Cecil, ABC revived the series for fall of 1988. 11. a. transitive. To restore (a design, etc.) to clearness or freshness; to bring out clearly. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > be or make visible [verb (transitive)] > make distinct disshadow1610 unshade1611 terminate1747 revive1779 distinctify1877 deblur1971 1779 W. Combe Lett. Yorick & Eliza I. 93 If I could, by any means, recover it [sc. the design], I would endeavour to revive its faded colours, and send it to thee. 1861 E. O'Curry Lect. Manuscript Materials Anc. Irish Hist. 150 I took the necessary means of reviving the ink. 1875 F. H. A. Scrivener 6 Lect. Text New Test. 18 Attempts have been made to revive the faded characters. 1907 Hermathena 14 414 Care should be taken in employing chemical reagents to revive faded or obscured writing. 1949 Pop. Sci. Monthly Apr. 223 (heading) How to revive faded photographs. 1995 C. Beamish tr. A. Mérot French Painting in 17th Cent. xi. 273/1 Recent restoration has revived the colours and given precision to the outlines, making appreciation of the painting possible. †b. transitive. To treat (clothing) with a reviver (reviver n.¹ 1b). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > repair or renovate > with reviver revive1818 the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > renovate or renew > refurbish > specific clothing revive1818 1818 S. E. Ferrier Marriage II. iv. 40 They..soon found occupation congenial to their nature in the little departments of life; dressing crape; reviving black silk; converting narrow hems into broad hems. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 106 It [sc. the hat] was as black as the coat. The truth flashed suddenly upon us—they had been ‘revived’. 1881 G. O. P. in W. Forrester Great-Grandmama's Weekly (1980) ix. 167/1 A recipe for reviving black cloth is given. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1553v.c1425
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