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Rhenishadj.n. Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element; partly modelled on a Dutch lexical item, partly modelled on a Middle Low German lexical item, and partly modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: proper name Rhine , -ish suffix1. Etymology: < the name of the river Rhine (see Rhine n.1, and forms listed at that entry) + -ish suffix1, after Middle Dutch rijnsch, rinsch, rijns (Dutch rijnsch ), Middle Low German rīnsch, rīnisch, rīnesch, rīnsk, rīns, reynisch, reynsch, rēnsch, Middle High German rīnisch, rīnsch (German rheinisch ). Compare Old French, Middle French rinois , rynois , rainois , designating wine (13th cent.), and also post-classical Latin Rhenensis (usually Renensis ), designating wine (1461, 1474 in British sources; 1383, 1428 in British sources as Rinensis ), designating a florin (1408 in a British source), (noun) Rhenish florin (from early 16th cent.) < classical Latin Rhēnus , the name of the River Rhine (see Rhine n.1) + -ēnsis -ese suffix. The later predominance of the form Rhenish results from the influence of classical Latin Rhēnus and post-classical Latin Rhenensis.Early examples in Latin documents such as the following may show either the Middle English word or an Anglo-Norman parallel:1270 in C. Gross Sel. Cases conc. Law Merchant (1908) I. 4 j pipe vini reneys. Early use as a surname (e.g. Rico. Renysche (1327)) also need not reflect the Middle English word. In Rhenish guilder at sense A. 4 after Middle Dutch rijnschgulden, rijnsgulden, rinsgulden, Middle Low German rīnschgülden. A. adj.the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > German wines > [adjective] > Rhine wine α. 1375–6 in J. T. Fowler (1901) III. 582 In Ryniswyne empt. apud Nov. Castr..57 s..In una pipa de Rinischewyn empt..7 li. 16s. 1399 in J. Raine (1859) 16 (MED) Et in j renyspipe empto pro reulor et sqwyrs cementariorum cum ij wadetons 2 s. 8 d. a1400 (?c1300) (Egerton) l. 2303 Let brochen reynessh [1457 Naples rimysch] wyne And do þat ȝerbe anoon þerynne. c1450 (?a1400) T. Chestre (1930) 343 (MED) Mete and drynk þey hadde afyn, Pyement, clare, and Reynysch wyn. 1464 in W. H. Stevenson (1883) II. 378 (MED) For ij galons of Rynysshe wyne..price of a galon of Rynysshe wyne x d., and þe oþer viij d. 1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano sig. R ij Mustis, that haue bytynge lies, as moche reinnishe muste. 1568 W. Turner sig. Bviij Rhennish wyne..hath fewer dregges and lesse terrestritie or grosse earthlynesse than the Clared wine hath. 1600 W. Shakespeare i. ii. 93 A deepe glasse of Reynishe wine. View more context for this quotation 1607 Englishman's Docter in (1830) 133 New Rhennish-wine stirs vrine. 1660 (Act 12 Car. II, c. 4) Rhinish wines brought into any Port the Awme, j li. 1700 W. Congreve iii. i. 40 That goodly Face, which in defiance of her Rhenish-wine Tea, will not be comprehended in a Mask. 1707 J. Mortimer ii. 540 The Underleaf [apple]..hath a Rhenish-Wine flavour. 1729 G. Smith 46 If when you rack off your Raisin Wine, you add to every five gallons a quart of the aforesaid Spirit..when you draw it off it will resemble Rhenish-Wine. 1787 P. H. Maty tr. J. K. Riesbeck III. 189 The little village of Hocheim, from whence the English give all kinds of Rhenish wine the name of Hock. 1840 L. Playfair 287 The aroma which distinguishes Rhenish wine. 1899 Lady M. Verney IV. 29 The cellar was stocked with Rhenish Wine. 1937 G. S. Thomson x. 187 He bought eight dozen bottles of Rhenish wine. 1972 30 Nov. 15/4 Of the rich Rhenish wines, the Alsatian Traminer and Gewurztraminer are becoming popular. 1999 22 474 Vodka gradually disappeared from the table to make way for Rhenish wines. the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [adjective] > style of glass 1448 in P. E. Jones (1954) V. 108 (MED) A Rynyssh fat with a Covercle like the hede of the seid fatte, both of sylver & overgilt, ordeyned to put ynne grene gynger. 1582 (new ed.) sig. Ciij Glasses Reinish. 1602 sig. B Three froathy Renish fats that haue drunk dead, Or in their cuppes haue falne to cutting throates. 1653 Edinb. Test. LXVII. f. 9v, in at Rins Fyve large Rainse wyne glasis. 1676 (Royal Soc.) 11 587 As green as the Rhinish glasses were heretofore tinged. 1785 Earl of Sheffield 392 (table) Glass: Cases. Drinking. Rhenish. Vials. Glass Ware. 1846 A. Marsh x. 161 Several bottles of wine were on the table, and tall Rhenish glasses, with their long and slender stems. 2002 P. C. Sutton xxvii. 134 The foreshortened left wall, before which stands a table with a platter of bread and a rhenish tankard. the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Germanic region > [adjective] > other specific regions c1450 in (1924) 21 390 (MED) Hyr hede was ner hand a cercle rounde..A quarter of the Dyametre by verrey lyne Shadyd hir here of ramyssh [read rainyssh] goold fyne. 1593 A. Chute in G. Harvey sig. Gg2 The Rhennish furie of thy braine, Incenst with hot fume of a Stilliard Clime. 1658 G. T. 6 A Rhenish Princes Army strong and high. 1738 J. Hoofnail 20 Rhenish Tartar four Ounces. 1833 A. Alison II. xiii. 248 Soldiers trained in the regular wars on the Rhenish frontier. 1864 J. Bryce iv. 53 The three Rhenish archbishops. 1924 19 74/2 The work of the Rhenish school is exemplified by two quite remarkable relief prints. 1981 R. Manheim tr. G. Grass ii. 12 Four kegs of Rhenish brown beer. society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [adjective] > Dutch or German coins 1456 in (2007) 1456/8 The rens' gulding. c1470 W. Wey 1 (MED) At Coleyne ye schal haue Reynysch gyldernes and Coleyne penys. 1480 (Caxton) (1964) 16 Rynyssh guldrens. c1500 in J. Harley et al. (1928) I. 419 (MED) The gyldren of Gaunte..is worth iij s. iiij d..The Reynesh gilder of the sam weight, iij s. iij d. 1591 H. Wotton Let. 10 Feb. in (1685) 616 It..amounts to not above 12000 Fr. Rhenish, yearly, in bare gelt. 1617 F. Moryson i. 286 A Rhenish Gold Gulden was worth seuen and twenty silver Groshen. 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden ii. xxxi. 446 Either hee himself or his posteritie paid to the Scotish King or his Successors, in lieu of her Dowrie, the summe of fiftie thousand Rhenish Florens. 1720 J. Chamberlayne tr. G. Brandt (new ed.) I. ii. 45 I bequeath fifty Gold Florins, and forty seven Rhenish Guilders to Cornelius Grapheus, who I think stands in need of them. 1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler III. 356 The hire and keeping of a horse from Trieste to Fiume comes to three Rhenish guilders. 1787 P. H. Maty tr. J. K. Riesbeck III. 194 One million one hundred and fifty thousand Rhenish guilders, or about one hundred and fifteen thousand pounds. 1834 14 34 The lowest pay received was four Rhenish guilders a month. 1859 H. Mason tr. L. A. Anjou 55 The following year he..obtained, on the payment of 1,100 Rhenish guilders, permission from King Charles II to sell indulgences in his kingdom. 1928 E. Emerson 17 In 1448 Gutenberg returned to his native Mainz, where he borrowed 150 Rhenish guilders from his kinsman, Arnold Gelthus. 1972 21 151 Exchange rates had wide limits but the £ sterling was approximately equal to 7 1/2 Rhenish gulden or florins, or 5 Reichsthaler. 1989 (Nexis) 11 Mar. A year's rent is the exact same price it was when the Fugger brothers established legal conditions for the settlement 466 years ago—1.72 marks (formerly one ‘Rhenish guilder’), about 75 cents. the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > length of foot > specific 1746 May 237/1 I find that one cubic decimal line of a Rhenish foot in the milt of a carp contains above 244,140,625 seminal animalcula. 1794 (Royal Soc.) 84 44 The special position of villages, farms, and cottages..are laid down by the plain table, on a scale of 2000 Danish or Rhenish feet to one decimal inch. 1858 I. S. Homans & I. S. Homans 1949/1 Engineers and surveyors use the Rhenish foot and inch. 1883 B. Silliman (Appendix) 68 From here on, the road again gently rises towards Fresnillo, which is 7016 Rhenish feet above the sea. 1935 24 272 As an example, we may take the Rhenish inch (‘rheinischer Zoll’) of 2.615 centimeters in the primitive system. 1991 45 43 Huygens had made an equivalent calculation in late October 1659,..assuming the distance of fall in the first second under gravity to be 14 (Rhenish) feet. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [adjective] > Roman or Romano- 1877 33 118 Of all the Roman pottery manufactured in England, that of Castor in Northamptonshire bears the strongest approach to the Rhenish ware in paste, form, and style of decoration. 1932 22 77 Traprain gives us sherds of Rhenish ware. 1954 M. Wheeler (1955) i. iv. 48 One was a black-glazed Rhenish beaker of familiar late type. 1957 4th Ser. 35 187 (heading) Narrow-mouthed beakers in Rhenish ware. 1999 103 353/1 Rhenish pottery from Roman Gaul. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > stoneware > types of 1897 J. C. L. Sparkes & W. Gandy iii. 150 At Siegburg, near Cologne, the Rhenish stoneware was produced. 1906 30 Dec. 4/5 In Rhenish stoneware are shown some quaint and exceedingly attractive steins. 1933 W. B. Honey iv. 53 An English inventory of 1509 refers to ‘Kruges’ which were almost certainly of Rhenish ware. 1974 G. Savage & H. Newman 245 Rhenish stoneware, saltglazed stoneware made in the Rhineland from the latter part of the Middle Ages, but principally in the 16th and 17th centuries, at a number of centres, the largest of which was Cologne. It was exported in great quantities at the time, and imitated extensively in the 19th century. It is especially noted for relief work. 1992 Jan. 36/3 The shapes used were at first copying Rhenish stoneware. B. n.society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > Dutch coins 1479 in H. E. Malden (1900) 19 (MED) xxix Andrews..xxx Rynysche..An lewe. the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > German wines > [noun] > Rhine wine 1603 W. Shakespeare i. iv. 11 As he dreames, his draughts of renish downe. 1638 T. Whitaker 52 Adolescency..may not feare either White, Claret, or Rhenish. 1691 J. Dryden Let. Sir G. Etherege in 77 Then Rhenish Rummers walk the Round, In Bumpers every King is Crown'd. 1707 E. Ward 103 Tugging at a large Rummer of Rhenish and Sugar. 1756 S. Johnson 3 Jan. (1992) I. 122 I took Rhenish and water, and recovered my voice. a1777 in (1904) Oct. 187 To these 2 Quarts of strong Jelly you may put a Pinte of Rhenish. 1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in 102 Drown'd all in Rhenish and the sleepy mead. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth v, in 2nd Ser. I. 117 If sack, or rhenish, or wine of Gascony can serve, why, say the word. 1922 J. Joyce ii. xii. [Cyclops] 322 What say you, good masters, to..a medlar tansy and a flagon of old Rhenish? 1970 M. Kelly i. 24 Letting the chilled Rhenish dissolve a hard, nervy lump inside. Compounds the mind > language > linguistics > other schools of linguistics > [noun] > linguistic geography or dialectology > isogloss > specific bundle of 1933 L. Bloomfield xix. 343 Some forty kilometers east of the Rhine the isoglosses of the great bundle that separates Low German and High German begin to separate and spread out northwestward and southwestward, so as to form what has been called the ‘Rhenish fan’. 1961 R. E. Keller 249 The Rhenish Fan..was seen as the result of a linguistic thrust from south to north along the River Rhine. 1977 28 233 The ‘Rhenish fan’ has its counterpart in the isoglottic bundles separating North and South Wales. 1994 A. M. S. McMahon ix. 229 It is in areas like these, which have also had a long history of settlement, that complex patterns of isoglosses like the Rhenish fan are characteristically found. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  adj.n.1375 |
