单词 | bipolar |
释义 | bipolaradj. a. Having two poles or opposite extremities; in Physiology applied to nerve-cells connected with the nerve-fibres by two prolongations. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > specific areas or structures > [adjective] > of or having an end or pole bipolar1810 tripolar1865 the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > duality > [adjective] > having two faces or aspects double-faced1589 bifront1598 bifronted1598 two-faced1659 bipolar1810 bifrontal1876 bifacial1884 double-sided1907 1859 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. V. 282/1 The vaso-ganglions of the eel..are bipolar. 1865 C. B. Mansfield Theory of Salts 4 This bipolar, two-membered system. b. Of, pertaining to, or occurring in both polar regions. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > geodetic references > [adjective] > pole polar1556 polary1559 subpolar1685 circumpolar1696 polifugal1744 poleward1848 bipolar1896 1896 A. E. Ortmann in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1895 191 The examples of bipolar distribution of crustacea. 1951 Jrnl. Ecol. 39 209 The term ‘bipolar’ is not precise. What is intended is taxa with widely discontinuous ranges to the north and to the south of the tropics. Draft additions June 2006 bipolar disorder n. Psychiatry a form of mental illness characterized by one or more episodes of mania typically accompanied by one or more episodes of major depression; = manic depression n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > mania > manic depression circular insanity1862 manic depression1911 cyclothymia1921 bipolar disorder1973 1973 Sci. Amer. Sept. 123/2 Studies of manic-depressive disorders in families indicate the need to differentiate bipolar disorders (with both manic and depressive episodes) from unipolar ones (with only depressive episodes). 1989 Psychiatric Devel. 7 144 The first step in that direction is to ‘link’ the phenotypic expression of bipolar disorder to a known chromosomal location. 2003 Sci. Amer. Sept. 78/1 The first modern attempt to identify individual psychiatric disorders was made in the 19th century by German scientist Emil Kraepelin, who distinguished two of the most severe mental illnesses: schizophrenia, which he called dementia praecox, and manic-depressive illness, which is now known as bipolar disorder. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.1810 |
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