Rhinegraven.

Brit.

/ˈrʌɪnɡreɪv/, U.S.

/ˈraɪnˌɡreɪv/

Forms: 1500s 1800s Ringrave, 1600s Rhingraue, 1600s Rhynegrave, 1600s–1800s Rhingrave, 1700s Rheingrave, 1700s– Rhinegrave. Also (in sense 2) with lower-case initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Middle Low German. Partly a borrowing from German. Etymons: Middle Low German rīngrāve; German Rheingraf.

Etymology: Partly < Middle Low German rīngrāve, rīngrāf, rīngrēve, and partly < German Rheingraf (Middle High German rīngraf , rīngreve ), both < the name of the river Rhine (Middle Low German Rīn , German Rhein : see Rhine n.¹) + Middle Low German grāve grave n.⁴ and German Graf grave n.⁴ respectively, both occurring as a title (equivalent to the rank of count) associated with a variety of rights and privileges in the Rheingau and inherited by members of several noble families (in Middle High German, German also as a term for an officer overseeing fishing in the Rhine); compare also Dutch rijngraaf (16th cent. as rijngrave ) in similar use. In sense 2 probably after French rhingrave (1659 in this sense; 1549 in sense 1). Compare later grave n.⁴Due to dynastic intermarriage in the 14th and 15th centuries, the German title came to be combined with the title of Wildgraf (more fully Wildgraf zu Dhaun (or zu Dhaun und Kirburg), Rheingraf zum Stein (1459 or earlier)); compare quot. 1794 at sense 1. Another intermarriage with the line of the counts of Salm (in 1459) led to the eventual incorporation of (von) Salm or zu Salm into a number of different titles borne by descendants of the family (compare Rhinegrave of Salm at sense 1). The family of the counts of Salm was originally based in the Moselle area; their ancestral seat was near Vielsalm (now Belgium). The Rhinegraves of Salm, on the other hand, were originally based in Upper Salm, in the area of the Vosges mountains (now France, department Bas-Rhin). Descendant branches of the Rhinegraves of Salm, however, were based in a number of different areas in western France, Belgium, and Germany.

Now historical.

1. Usually with capital initial. A German count whose hereditary title is associated with the Rheingau, the area lying north of a bend in the Rhine to the east of Wiesbaden; spec. (more fully Rhinegrave of Salm) a Rhinegrave descended from the line of the counts of Salm. Frequently with the and in titles.The Rheingau was annexed by Prussia in 1866 and is now in the German state of Hesse.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > earl or count > foreign earl or count > whose domain borders on the Rhine

Rhinegrave1548

1548 T. Fisher in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. III. 293 Monsieur Dessie..sending for the Ringrave to mete him with his band.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. 321 ^v The Emperoure banisheth..shortly after the Ringrave.

1608 E. Grimeston tr. J. F. Le Petit Gen. Hist. Netherlands ix. 489 The baron of Renty with the lord of Iumelles led the foreward, and the lord of Genlis, the Rhingraue, and the seigniour of Ianis the rereward.

1648 Moderate Intelligencer No. 150. 1146 Count Maurice of Nassau, and the Rhynegrave, by order from his Highness shall bring together 100 Companies.

1676 London Gaz. No. 1114/3 The Rhingrave is slightly wounded in the Cheek.

1744 French Faith 5 A French Colonel entered into the Place, and persauded the Governor not to deliver it to the Rhinegrave, but to the French.

1794 Some Acct. Brit. Subj. who have suffered by French Revol. 14 Widow of Charles Florentine, Wild, Rheingrave, Count of Salm, &c.

1821 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Writings (1892) I. 106 The States had appointed the Rhingrave of Salm their Commander-in-chief.

1884 J. L. Stevens Hist. G. Adolphus xvi. 362 Duke Bernhard, the Palsgrave of Birkenfeld, and the Rhinegrave Otto Louis, carried the victorious arms of Gustavus on the Rhine.

1894 Westm. Gaz. 26 Sept. 3/3 Her children [were distinguished] as ‘Rhinegraves’ and ‘Rhinegravines’, instead of Palsgraves and Palsgravines respectively.

1934 Stud. Philol. 31 34 Mind, represented as a German Rhinegrave, and his faithful aids, Captain Prudence and Admiral Reason, muster the virtues against the vices.

1994 J. Black European Warfare iii. 83 The principal Patriot force, 7,000 strong under their Commander-in-Chief, the Rhinegrave of Salm, abandoned Utrecht in panic on the night of 15-16 September.

2. Loose, wide breeches with legs resembling skirts; = petticoat breeches n. at petticoat n. Compounds 3. Also in plural. historical after 17th cent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and lower body > [noun] > trousers > types of > breeches > wide or loose

slops1481

slopper1549

gally breeches1567

gally hose1567

gaskin breeches1573

gaskins1573

galligaskin1577

galligaskin breeches1577

galligaskin1592

slivings1601

gregs1611

petticoat breeches1658

Rhinegrave1667

bushel-breeches1834

romper1922

1667 Acct. Roll Earl of Rochester in Notes & Queries (1859) 299/1 Altering ij^oo coates, and Ringraves with other furniture, for Mrs. Gwinn.

1732 H. Baker & J. Miller tr. Molière Cit turn'd Gentleman ii. v. 67 in Sel. Comedies II I have a Fellow at home, who for mounting a Rin-grave, is the greatest Genius in the World.

1824 tr. Secret Mem. Court of Louis XIV 424 He was extremely well drest, in half mourning, with white lace over the black, fine blue ribands, black and white laces, and rheingraves.

1885 H. A. Dillon Fairholt's Costume in Eng. (ed. 3) II. (Gloss.) Ringrave or Rhingrave, full breeches, with bunches of ribands at the knee. Molière, in the ‘Bourgeois Gentilhomme’, mentions them.

1986 J. L. Stayn Restoration Comedy in Performance iii. 46 When rhinegraves, petticoat breeches of German origin, were worn like a skirt before 1675,..the comic stage would present them extravagantly wide.

1994 D. Roche Culture of Clothing vi. 134 The marquis de La Valette had an old-fashioned wardrobe which included rhinegrave, breeches and doublets.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rhinegrave
释义	Rhinegraven. Brit. /ˈrʌɪnɡreɪv/, U.S. /ˈraɪnˌɡreɪv/ Forms: 1500s 1800s Ringrave, 1600s Rhingraue, 1600s Rhynegrave, 1600s–1800s Rhingrave, 1700s Rheingrave, 1700s– Rhinegrave. Also (in sense 2) with lower-case initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Middle Low German. Partly a borrowing from German. Etymons: Middle Low German rīngrāve; German Rheingraf. Etymology: Partly < Middle Low German rīngrāve, rīngrāf, rīngrēve, and partly < German Rheingraf (Middle High German rīngraf , rīngreve ), both < the name of the river Rhine (Middle Low German Rīn , German Rhein : see Rhine n.¹) + Middle Low German grāve grave n.⁴ and German Graf grave n.⁴ respectively, both occurring as a title (equivalent to the rank of count) associated with a variety of rights and privileges in the Rheingau and inherited by members of several noble families (in Middle High German, German also as a term for an officer overseeing fishing in the Rhine); compare also Dutch rijngraaf (16th cent. as rijngrave ) in similar use. In sense 2 probably after French rhingrave (1659 in this sense; 1549 in sense 1). Compare later grave n.⁴Due to dynastic intermarriage in the 14th and 15th centuries, the German title came to be combined with the title of Wildgraf (more fully Wildgraf zu Dhaun (or zu Dhaun und Kirburg), Rheingraf zum Stein (1459 or earlier)); compare quot. 1794 at sense 1. Another intermarriage with the line of the counts of Salm (in 1459) led to the eventual incorporation of (von) Salm or zu Salm into a number of different titles borne by descendants of the family (compare Rhinegrave of Salm at sense 1). The family of the counts of Salm was originally based in the Moselle area; their ancestral seat was near Vielsalm (now Belgium). The Rhinegraves of Salm, on the other hand, were originally based in Upper Salm, in the area of the Vosges mountains (now France, department Bas-Rhin). Descendant branches of the Rhinegraves of Salm, however, were based in a number of different areas in western France, Belgium, and Germany. Now historical. 1. Usually with capital initial. A German count whose hereditary title is associated with the Rheingau, the area lying north of a bend in the Rhine to the east of Wiesbaden; spec. (more fully Rhinegrave of Salm) a Rhinegrave descended from the line of the counts of Salm. Frequently with the and in titles.The Rheingau was annexed by Prussia in 1866 and is now in the German state of Hesse. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > earl or count > foreign earl or count > whose domain borders on the Rhine Rhinegrave1548 1548 T. Fisher in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. III. 293 Monsieur Dessie..sending for the Ringrave to mete him with his band. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. 321 ^v The Emperoure banisheth..shortly after the Ringrave. 1608 E. Grimeston tr. J. F. Le Petit Gen. Hist. Netherlands ix. 489 The baron of Renty with the lord of Iumelles led the foreward, and the lord of Genlis, the Rhingraue, and the seigniour of Ianis the rereward. 1648 Moderate Intelligencer No. 150. 1146 Count Maurice of Nassau, and the Rhynegrave, by order from his Highness shall bring together 100 Companies. 1676 London Gaz. No. 1114/3 The Rhingrave is slightly wounded in the Cheek. 1744 French Faith 5 A French Colonel entered into the Place, and persauded the Governor not to deliver it to the Rhinegrave, but to the French. 1794 Some Acct. Brit. Subj. who have suffered by French Revol. 14 Widow of Charles Florentine, Wild, Rheingrave, Count of Salm, &c. 1821 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Writings (1892) I. 106 The States had appointed the Rhingrave of Salm their Commander-in-chief. 1884 J. L. Stevens Hist. G. Adolphus xvi. 362 Duke Bernhard, the Palsgrave of Birkenfeld, and the Rhinegrave Otto Louis, carried the victorious arms of Gustavus on the Rhine. 1894 Westm. Gaz. 26 Sept. 3/3 Her children [were distinguished] as ‘Rhinegraves’ and ‘Rhinegravines’, instead of Palsgraves and Palsgravines respectively. 1934 Stud. Philol. 31 34 Mind, represented as a German Rhinegrave, and his faithful aids, Captain Prudence and Admiral Reason, muster the virtues against the vices. 1994 J. Black European Warfare iii. 83 The principal Patriot force, 7,000 strong under their Commander-in-Chief, the Rhinegrave of Salm, abandoned Utrecht in panic on the night of 15-16 September. 2. Loose, wide breeches with legs resembling skirts; = petticoat breeches n. at petticoat n. Compounds 3. Also in plural. historical after 17th cent. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and lower body > [noun] > trousers > types of > breeches > wide or loose slops1481 slopper1549 gally breeches1567 gally hose1567 gaskin breeches1573 gaskins1573 galligaskin1577 galligaskin breeches1577 galligaskin1592 slivings1601 gregs1611 petticoat breeches1658 Rhinegrave1667 bushel-breeches1834 romper1922 1667 Acct. Roll Earl of Rochester in Notes & Queries (1859) 299/1 Altering ij^oo coates, and Ringraves with other furniture, for Mrs. Gwinn. 1732 H. Baker & J. Miller tr. Molière Cit turn'd Gentleman ii. v. 67 in Sel. Comedies II I have a Fellow at home, who for mounting a Rin-grave, is the greatest Genius in the World. 1824 tr. Secret Mem. Court of Louis XIV 424 He was extremely well drest, in half mourning, with white lace over the black, fine blue ribands, black and white laces, and rheingraves. 1885 H. A. Dillon Fairholt's Costume in Eng. (ed. 3) II. (Gloss.) Ringrave or Rhingrave, full breeches, with bunches of ribands at the knee. Molière, in the ‘Bourgeois Gentilhomme’, mentions them. 1986 J. L. Stayn Restoration Comedy in Performance iii. 46 When rhinegraves, petticoat breeches of German origin, were worn like a skirt before 1675,..the comic stage would present them extravagantly wide. 1994 D. Roche Culture of Clothing vi. 134 The marquis de La Valette had an old-fashioned wardrobe which included rhinegrave, breeches and doublets. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1548
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