Rhode Islandn.

Brit.

/ˌrəʊd ˈʌɪlənd/, U.S.

/ˌroʊd ˈaɪlənd/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Rhode Island.

Etymology: < Rhode Island (in full, The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations), the name of a state in the north-eastern United States; earlier the name of Aquidneck Island in Narragansett Bay, part of the modern state. The name of the island appears in English in a variety of forms in the 17th cent., e.g. Rode-Island (1637), Rhose Island (1642), Isle of Rhodes, or Rhode Island (1644); compare also Read-Iland (1644). The origin of the name is uncertain. It may perhaps shows an anglicized form of Dutch Roodt Eylandt, lit. ‘Red Island’, although early evidence for this is lacking (compare the reference to a reddish island in the description of Adriaen Block's 1614 voyage of exploration in J. de Laet Nieuwe Wereldt (1625) III. viii. 85). It is uncertain whether there is any connection with the earlier likening of Block Island (a different island in the Atlantic Ocean forming part of the state of Rhode Island) to the Mediterranean island of Rhodes by the Italian navigator Giovanni da Verrazzano c1524.Earlier forms of the English place name are reflected by early forms at Rhode Islander n.

I. Compounds.

1. Rhode Island sloop n. now historical a sloop of war belonging to the fleet of the State (earlier Colony) of Rhode Island.

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1711 Boston News-let. 10 Sept. 2/2 Isaac Prince Master of a Rhode-Island Sloop.

1724 ‘C. Johnson’ Gen. Hist. Pyrates (ed. 2) xii. 339 The Brigantine..took a Rhode Island Sloop,..and two or three other Vessels, which they destroy'd.

1810 B. Trumbull Gen. Hist. U.S.A. I. ix. 319 After exchanging a few shot, and somewhat damaging the Rhode Island sloop, she made off to France.

1870 Hist. Mag. May 327/1 The piratical fleet now stood off to sea, pursued by the two Rhode Island sloops.

1913 G. W. Allen Naval Hist. Amer. Revol. iii. 73 In December the Rhode Island sloop Katy, Captain Whipple, captured one of the enemy's ships.

1960 Eng. Hist. Rev. 75 534 A specimen agreement between the master and crew of a Rhode Island sloop in 1777.

2001 M. B. Weddle Walking in Way of Peace ix. 153 One of the Rhode Island sloops, loaded at Newport with thirty barrels of beef and pork, was also carrying the ammunition General Cudworth had stored at Portsmouth.

2. Rhode Island cheese n. now historical high-quality cheese from Rhode Island or (more generally) New England; a cheese of this type.

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the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > varieties of cheese

goat cheeseOE

green cheesec1390

rowen cheesea1425

bred-cheesec1440

hard cheesec1470

ruen cheese1510

parmesan1538

spermyse1542

angelot1573

cow-cheese1583

goat's cheese1588

Cheshire Cheese1597

eddish-cheese1615

nettle cheese1615

aftermath cheese1631

marsolini1636

Suffolk cheese1636

Cheddar cheesea1661

rowen1673

parmigianoa1684

raw-milk cheesea1687

fleet cheese1688

sage-cheese1714

Rhode Island cheese1733

Stilton cheese1736

Roquefort cheese1762

American cheese1763

fodder cheese1784

Old Peg1785

blue cheese1787

Dunlop cheese1793

Wiltshire1794

Gloucester1802

Gruyère1802

Neufchâtel1814

Limburger cheese1817

Dunlop1818

fog cheese1822

Swiss cheese1822

Suffolk thumpa1825

Stilton1826

skim dick1827

stracchino cheese1832

Blue Vinney1836

Edam1836

Schabzieger1837

sapsago1846

Munster1858

mysost1861

napkin cheese1865

provolone1865

Roquefort1867

Suffolk bang1867

Leicester1874

Brie1876

Camembert1878

Gorgonzola1878

Leicester cheese1880

Port Salut1881

Wensleydale1881

Gouda1885

primost1889

Cantal1890

Suisse1891

bondon1894

Petit Suisse1895

Gervais1896

Lancashire1896

Pont l'Évêque1896

reggiano1896

Romano1897

fontina1898

Caerphilly cheese1901

Derby cheese1902

Emmental1902

Liptauer1902

farmer cheese1904

robiola1907

gjetost1908

reblochon1908

scamorza1908

Cabrales1910

Jack1910

pimento cheese1910

mozzarella1911

pimiento cheese1911

Monterey cheese1912

processed cheese1918

Tillamook1918

tvorog1918

anari1919

process cheese1923

Bel Paese1926

pecorino1931

Oka1936

Parmigiano–Reggiano1936

vacherin1936

Monterey Jack1940

Red Leicester1940

demi-sel1946

tomme1946

Danish blue1948

Tilsit1950

St.-Maure1951

Samsoe1953

Havarti1954

paneer1954

taleggio1954

feta1956

St. Paulin1956

bleu cheese1957

Manchego1957

Ilchester1963

Dolcelatte1964

chèvre1965

Chaource1966

Windsor Red1969

halloumi1970

Montrachet1973

Chaumes1976

Lymeswold1981

cambozola1984

yarg1984

1733 S.-Carolina Gaz. 27 Jan. 4/1 Goods lately Imported, and to be Sold by Samuel Eveleigh,..Rhode-Island Cheese.

1788 F. Hopkinson in Amer. Lit. (1930) 1 413 A sumptuous Entertainment..consisting of a large Dish of Lacedemonian Broth, and elegant Hotch Pot & Rhode Island Cheese.

1862 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 180/2 There was a splendid Rhode-Island cheese on the counter.

1890 Andover Rev. July 46 The Rhode Island cheese that became such a famous article of export.

1920 T. W. Bicknell Hist. State Rhode Island II. xxvi. 483 ‘Rhode Island cheese’, the best made in New England, came from Narragansett farms.

1997 O. Reiss Blacks in Colonial Amer. v. 76 In the eighteenth century, some families owned thousands of acres used for livestock and the production of ‘Rhode Island cheese’ and other dairy products.

a. Rhode Island currency n. now historical currency produced by the State (earlier Colony) of Rhode Island, in circulation from 1710 until the state adopted the United States dollar in 1793.

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society > trade and finance > money > standards and values of currencies > [noun] > specific monetary units or units of account > specific U.S.

Rhode Island currency1750

Rhode Island money1750

dollar1785

mill1786

dlr1895

1750 Jrnl. House of Commons 12 Mar. 26 120/1 The Exchange between England and Rhode Island is now from 1,050 l. to 1,100 l. Rhode Island Currency, for 100 l. Sterling in England.

1752 G. G. Beekman Let. 28 July in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 146 If no Rum to be had as above Send us by Brown or Amy the neet proceeds in good Rhode Island currency.

1826 Worcester Mag. & Hist. Jrnl. 2 99 In 1785, five dollars of the Rhode Island currency, and eight dollars of that of New Hampshire, were worth but three shillings here.

1890 N.Y. Times 21 July 2/1 Massachusetts, notwithstanding the decision of her Supreme Court in favor of the Rhode Island currency, managed to draw some hard money into her coffers.

1953 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 13 151 By 1739 most of the New England currencies were worth about five to one in terms of sterling... The Rhode Island currency, in spite of its enormous volume, managed to maintain a ration of five to one also.

2000 M. M. Schweitzer in J. P. Greene & J. R. Pole Compan. Amer. Revol. (2004) lxix. 565/2 Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Connecticut passed laws exempting their own citizens from having to accept Rhode Island currency as payment from Rhode Island debtors.

b. Rhode Island money n. now historical = Rhode Island currency n. at sense 3a.In quot. 1750 with money understood from the context.

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society > trade and finance > money > standards and values of currencies > [noun] > specific monetary units or units of account > specific U.S.

Rhode Island currency1750

Rhode Island money1750

dollar1785

mill1786

dlr1895

1750 G. G. Beekman Let. 13 May in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 107 A bundle of Old Tenor money which wee opened..and find it to contain £107.19.6 Connecticut money and £10.6 Rhode Island.

1840 W. Dunlap Hist. New Netherlands, Province N.Y., & State N.Y. II. App. p. clxxxi Syllavan..said that he some time back struck off £12,000 of Rhode Island money, and passed above £1,600 in one day.

1886 Atlantic Monthly June 781/1 Another law was passed, designed to secure the summary punishment of those who treated the Rhode Island money with scant respect.

1920 Stone & Webster Jrnl. 26 335 The merchants of Boston..entered into an agreement among themselves not to accept any of the 1733 Rhode Island money.

1991 Winterthur Portfolio 26 39/2 A single voyage..netted for the owners about £729 in Rhode Island money (or £547 sterling).

4. Rhode Island bent n. U.S. (more fully Rhode Island bent grass) common bent, Agrostis capillaris (formerly A. tenuis), a Eurasian grass used as a lawn and pasture grass in the United States.

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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > grasses used for hay or pasture

windlestrawc1000

red grass1582

spring grass1643

sweet-grass1709

herd-grass1747

Guinea grass1756

vernal grass1762

vernal1771

Paspalum1772

buffalo grass1784

Rhode Island bent1790

red-top1792

finetop1824

kangaroo-grass1827

gamagrass1831

sweet vernal grass1839

yellow-top1839

grama1844

sesame grass1845

sacate1848

Para grass1850

Hungarian1859

alfilaria1860

sacaton1865

Mitchell grass1867

teosinte1877

Landsborough grass1883

turnip-grass1889

brown top1891

ichu1891

manna1897

Rhodes grass1903

Sudan1911

Kikuyu grass1913

never-fail1923

buffel grass1955

1790 S. Deane New-Eng. Farmer 123/1 The Rhode Island bent, as it is called, or red top grass, will do with less drying than some other grasses.

1875 Gardener's Monthly Oct. 291/2 We, many of us here, think the Rhode Island Bent grass, pure and simple, superior to any other.

1919 R. A. Moore & C. P. Halligan Plant Production ii. xix. 389 On very sandy soil the Rhode Island bent grass thrives well, while in very shady places the woodland meadow grass may be used.

1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. viii. 204 (table) Some Common Grasses... Brown Bent or Velvet Bent-Grass..Brown-top, Colonial Bent or Rhode Island Bent-Grass [etc.].

2007 K. H. W. Klages Ecol. Crop Geogr. 559 Colonial, also designated as Rhode Island bent (A. tenuis), is extensively employed as a pasture grass in the New England states and in New York.

5. Rhode Island greening n. a large North American green-skinned apple with crisp, acidic flesh, used chiefly for cooking; the tree producing this apple.

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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > apple tree > varieties of

birtle-tree1483

wyde?1523

renneta1568

pearmain1597

codling tree1629

codling1651

passe-pomme1691

Rhode Island greening1795

Spitzenberg1795

tulip-apple1842

Wagener1848

sweet-bough1850

Lord Derby1862

Chinese crab1882

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of

costardc1390

bitter-sweet1393

Queening?1435

richardine?1435

blaundrellc1440

pear apple1440

tuberc1440

quarrendenc1450

birtle1483

deusan1570

apple-john1572

Richard1572

lording1573

greening1577

queen apple1579

peeler1580

darling1584

doucin1584

golding1589

puffin1589

lady's longing1591

bitter-sweeting1597

pearmain1597

paradise apple1598

garden globe1600

gastlet1600

leather-coat1600

maligar1600

pome-paradise1601

French pippin1629

gillyflower1629

king apple1635

lady apple1651

golden pippin1654

goldling1655

puff1655

cardinal1658

green fillet1662

chestnut1664

cinnamon apple1664

fenouil1664

go-no-further1664

Westbury apple1664

seek-no-farther1670

nonsuch1676

calville1691

passe-pomme1691

fennel apple1699

queen1699

genet1706

fig-apple1707

oaken pin1707

nonpareil1726

costing1731

monstrous reinette1731

Newtown pippin1760

Ribston1782

Rhode Island greening1795

oslin1801

fall pippin1803

monstrous pippin1817

Newtown Spitzenburg1817

Gravenstein1821

Red Astrachan1822

Tolman sweet1822

grange apple1823

orange pippin1823

Baldwin1826

Sturmer Pippin1831

Newtowner1846

Northern Spy1847

Blenheim Orange1860

Cox1860

McIntosh Red1876

Worcester1877

raspberry apple1894

delicious1898

Laxton's Superb1920

Macoun1924

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of

costardc1390

bitter-sweet1393

pippin?1435

pomewater?1435

Queening?1435

richardine?1435

blaundrellc1440

pear apple1440

tuberc1440

quarrendenc1450

birtle1483

sweeting1530

pomeroyal1534

renneta1568

deusan1570

apple-john1572

Richard1572

lording1573

russeting1573

greening1577

queen apple1579

peeler1580

reinette1582

darling1584

doucin1584

golding1589

puffin1589

lady's longing1591

bitter-sweeting1597

pearmain1597

paradise apple1598

garden globe1600

gastlet1600

leather-coat1600

maligar1600

pomeroy1600

short-start1600

jenneting1601

pome-paradise1601

russet coat1602

John apple1604

honey apple1611

honeymeal1611

musk apple1611

short-shank1611

spice apple1611

French pippin1629

king apple1635

lady apple1651

golden pippin1654

goldling1655

puff1655

cardinal1658

renneting1658

green fillet1662

chestnut1664

cinnamon apple1664

fenouil1664

go-no-further1664

reinetting1664

Westbury apple1664

seek-no-farther1670

nonsuch1676

white-wining1676

russet1686

calville1691

fennel apple1699

queen1699

genet1706

fig-apple1707

oaken pin1707

musk1708

nonpareil1726

costing1731

monstrous reinette1731

Newtown pippin1760

Ribston1782

Rhode Island greening1795

oslin1801

wine apple1802

fall pippin1803

monstrous pippin1817

Newtown Spitzenburg1817

Gravenstein1821

Red Astrachan1822

Tolman sweet1822

grange apple1823

orange pippin1823

Baldwin1826

wine-sap1826

Jonathan1831

Sturmer Pippin1831

rusty-coat1843

Newtowner1846

Northern Spy1847

Cornish gilliflowerc1850

Blenheim Orange1860

Cox1860

nutmeg pippin1860

McIntosh Red1876

Worcester1877

raspberry apple1894

delicious1898

Laxton's Superb1920

Melba apple1928

Melba1933

Mutsu1951

Newtown1953

discovery1964

1795 J. Jay Let. 12 Dec. in Columbia Libr. Columns (1970) May 43 Ten are of a kind called Rhode Island Greenings.

1817 W. Coxe View Cultiv. Fruit Trees 129 Jersey, or Rhode-Island Greening. Sometimes called the Burlington Greening.

1884 E. P. Roe Nature's Serial Story 400 Those umbrella-shaped trees are Rhode Island greenings.

1914 F. C. Sears Productive Orcharding xviii. 255 Kings, Suttons and Rhode Island Greenings picked September 15 and stored within three days, kept in good condition until March.

1994 Harrowsmith Country Life Dec. 33/1 What a shame to cut down a ‘Rhode Island Greening’, which yields a tart baking apple known in 1650 to be a good winter keeper and a superb variety for drying.

6. Rhode Island johnnycake n. (also Rhode Island jonnycake) [ < the name of Rhode Island + johnnycake n.] a small cake, typically made with white maize meal and baked in a pan.

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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > flat cake of bread

cakec1225

tharf-cake1362

cake-breadc1400

bannock1483

bere bannockc1550

torte1555

fadge1609

breadcake1635

riddle cake1673

jonikin1676

tortilla1699

cookie1701

johnnycake1739

journey cake1754

galette1775

pone1796

riddle bread1797

ash-cake1809

chapatti1810

papad1813

poppadom1820

puri1831

roti1838

Rhode Island johnnycake1866

wrap1969

chapo1993

1866 Ladies' Repository Dec. 736/2 All of the boarders like Rhode Island johnny-cakes for breakfast.

1894 Amer. Monthly Mag. Feb. 116 This was his opinion of our famous Rhode Island Johnny cake.

1949 Los Angeles Times 13 Nov. (This Week Mag.) 28/3 Rhode Island johnnycake must be made of Rhode Island white meal ground of flint corn, ground within the boundaries of the state.

2002 P. Foulke & R. Foulke Daytrips & Getaway Weekends in Connecticut, Rhode Island, & Mass. 67 The Keeping Room has a large fireplace complete with a recipe for Rhode Island johnnycakes on the hearth.

a. Rhode Island Red n. a utility breed of domestic fowl developed in Rhode Island and Massachusetts, typically having deep brownish-red plumage, and the basis of many modern hybrids; a bird of this breed.

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the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of

rumpkin1676

bantam1749

Jersey blue1758

Dorking1779

Plymouth Rock1806

Java1813

shack-bag1816

Negro fowl1835

creeper1847

Minorca1848

cuckoo fowl1850

Leghorn1850

Brahmapootra1851

Ancona1853

shanghai1853

Andalusian1854

Bolton bay1854

Corsican cock1854

jacinth1854

Minorca1854

spangle1854

yellow leg1854

Crèvecœur1855

sultan1855

Hamburg1857

Leghorn1857

Yokohama1865

Houdan1871

Langshan1871

Wyandot1881

sultan hen1882

silkie1885

Orpington1887

rock1889

silver-grey1889

Campine1892

Rhode Island Red1893

Faverolles1902

Rhode Island White1905

Malines1906

Rhode Island1914

Australorp1922

maranc1934

1893 8th & 9th Ann. Rep. Bureau Animal Industry 1891–2 (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 330 The original Rhode Island Red, I am informed, is..a single comb, reddish buff fowl, hardy and very prolific in eggs.

1902 Outing Apr. 64/2 The Rhode Island Red has originated in this country. A certain Mr. William Tripp, then of Little Compton, in the State of Rhode Island, bought from a neighbour..a rose-combed Brown Leghorn cockerel to cross upon his flock of buff Malay hens.

1931 E. Caldwell Amer. Earth 76 We lived on a small farm and had..a flock of Rhode Island Red chickens.

1977 J. Hodgins Invention of World (1978) iii. 51 A dozen Rhode Island Reds Anna looked after for their eggs.

2007 M. Richards Growing Wild on Exmoor 92 Jack's father..would wander round his garden talking to his Rhode Island Reds.

b. Rhode Island White n. a variety of the Rhode Island Red having white plumage; a bird of this variety.

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the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of

rumpkin1676

bantam1749

Jersey blue1758

Dorking1779

Plymouth Rock1806

Java1813

shack-bag1816

Negro fowl1835

creeper1847

Minorca1848

cuckoo fowl1850

Leghorn1850

Brahmapootra1851

Ancona1853

shanghai1853

Andalusian1854

Bolton bay1854

Corsican cock1854

jacinth1854

Minorca1854

spangle1854

yellow leg1854

Crèvecœur1855

sultan1855

Hamburg1857

Leghorn1857

Yokohama1865

Houdan1871

Langshan1871

Wyandot1881

sultan hen1882

silkie1885

Orpington1887

rock1889

silver-grey1889

Campine1892

Rhode Island Red1893

Faverolles1902

Rhode Island White1905

Malines1906

Rhode Island1914

Australorp1922

maranc1934

1905 Mass. Ploughman 13 May 3/2 My choice of breeds are the Rhode Island Whites as I am the originator of this breed, but the Wyandotte, Plymouth Rock, or Rhode Island Reds are good business breeds.

1949 F. B. Hutt Genetics Fowl 16 Color is the sole difference between the Rhode Island Whites and Rhode Island Reds.

2002 Biosyst. Engin. 83 374/2 The most popular commercial layer type lines, White Leghorn, Rhode Island White and Rhode Island Red, were chosen for the investigation.

II. Simple uses.

8. A domestic fowl of the Rhode Island Red breed (see sense 7a).

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the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of

rumpkin1676

bantam1749

Jersey blue1758

Dorking1779

Plymouth Rock1806

Java1813

shack-bag1816

Negro fowl1835

creeper1847

Minorca1848

cuckoo fowl1850

Leghorn1850

Brahmapootra1851

Ancona1853

shanghai1853

Andalusian1854

Bolton bay1854

Corsican cock1854

jacinth1854

Minorca1854

spangle1854

yellow leg1854

Crèvecœur1855

sultan1855

Hamburg1857

Leghorn1857

Yokohama1865

Houdan1871

Langshan1871

Wyandot1881

sultan hen1882

silkie1885

Orpington1887

rock1889

silver-grey1889

Campine1892

Rhode Island Red1893

Faverolles1902

Rhode Island White1905

Malines1906

Rhode Island1914

Australorp1922

maranc1934

1914 F. N. S. Allen Her Wings xix. 271 The chickens, too, expressed the spring..sun glinting on gloss of green-black Minorcans.., russett of Rhode Islands, pure snow..of Leghorns [etc.].

1992 C. Harvey Legacy of Love (BNC) 216 My Rhode Islands lay such beautiful brown speckled ones with yolks like marigolds.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rhode island
释义	Rhode Islandn. Brit. /ˌrəʊd ˈʌɪlənd/, U.S. /ˌroʊd ˈaɪlənd/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Rhode Island. Etymology: < Rhode Island (in full, The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations), the name of a state in the north-eastern United States; earlier the name of Aquidneck Island in Narragansett Bay, part of the modern state. The name of the island appears in English in a variety of forms in the 17th cent., e.g. Rode-Island (1637), Rhose Island (1642), Isle of Rhodes, or Rhode Island (1644); compare also Read-Iland (1644). The origin of the name is uncertain. It may perhaps shows an anglicized form of Dutch Roodt Eylandt, lit. ‘Red Island’, although early evidence for this is lacking (compare the reference to a reddish island in the description of Adriaen Block's 1614 voyage of exploration in J. de Laet Nieuwe Wereldt (1625) III. viii. 85). It is uncertain whether there is any connection with the earlier likening of Block Island (a different island in the Atlantic Ocean forming part of the state of Rhode Island) to the Mediterranean island of Rhodes by the Italian navigator Giovanni da Verrazzano c1524.Earlier forms of the English place name are reflected by early forms at Rhode Islander n. I. Compounds. 1. Rhode Island sloop n. now historical a sloop of war belonging to the fleet of the State (earlier Colony) of Rhode Island. ΚΠ 1711 Boston News-let. 10 Sept. 2/2 Isaac Prince Master of a Rhode-Island Sloop. 1724 ‘C. Johnson’ Gen. Hist. Pyrates (ed. 2) xii. 339 The Brigantine..took a Rhode Island Sloop,..and two or three other Vessels, which they destroy'd. 1810 B. Trumbull Gen. Hist. U.S.A. I. ix. 319 After exchanging a few shot, and somewhat damaging the Rhode Island sloop, she made off to France. 1870 Hist. Mag. May 327/1 The piratical fleet now stood off to sea, pursued by the two Rhode Island sloops. 1913 G. W. Allen Naval Hist. Amer. Revol. iii. 73 In December the Rhode Island sloop Katy, Captain Whipple, captured one of the enemy's ships. 1960 Eng. Hist. Rev. 75 534 A specimen agreement between the master and crew of a Rhode Island sloop in 1777. 2001 M. B. Weddle Walking in Way of Peace ix. 153 One of the Rhode Island sloops, loaded at Newport with thirty barrels of beef and pork, was also carrying the ammunition General Cudworth had stored at Portsmouth. 2. Rhode Island cheese n. now historical high-quality cheese from Rhode Island or (more generally) New England; a cheese of this type. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > cheese > [noun] > varieties of cheese goat cheeseOE green cheesec1390 rowen cheesea1425 bred-cheesec1440 hard cheesec1470 ruen cheese1510 parmesan1538 spermyse1542 angelot1573 cow-cheese1583 goat's cheese1588 Cheshire Cheese1597 eddish-cheese1615 nettle cheese1615 aftermath cheese1631 marsolini1636 Suffolk cheese1636 Cheddar cheesea1661 rowen1673 parmigianoa1684 raw-milk cheesea1687 fleet cheese1688 sage-cheese1714 Rhode Island cheese1733 Stilton cheese1736 Roquefort cheese1762 American cheese1763 fodder cheese1784 Old Peg1785 blue cheese1787 Dunlop cheese1793 Wiltshire1794 Gloucester1802 Gruyère1802 Neufchâtel1814 Limburger cheese1817 Dunlop1818 fog cheese1822 Swiss cheese1822 Suffolk thumpa1825 Stilton1826 skim dick1827 stracchino cheese1832 Blue Vinney1836 Edam1836 Schabzieger1837 sapsago1846 Munster1858 mysost1861 napkin cheese1865 provolone1865 Roquefort1867 Suffolk bang1867 Leicester1874 Brie1876 Camembert1878 Gorgonzola1878 Leicester cheese1880 Port Salut1881 Wensleydale1881 Gouda1885 primost1889 Cantal1890 Suisse1891 bondon1894 Petit Suisse1895 Gervais1896 Lancashire1896 Pont l'Évêque1896 reggiano1896 Romano1897 fontina1898 Caerphilly cheese1901 Derby cheese1902 Emmental1902 Liptauer1902 farmer cheese1904 robiola1907 gjetost1908 reblochon1908 scamorza1908 Cabrales1910 Jack1910 pimento cheese1910 mozzarella1911 pimiento cheese1911 Monterey cheese1912 processed cheese1918 Tillamook1918 tvorog1918 anari1919 process cheese1923 Bel Paese1926 pecorino1931 Oka1936 Parmigiano–Reggiano1936 vacherin1936 Monterey Jack1940 Red Leicester1940 demi-sel1946 tomme1946 Danish blue1948 Tilsit1950 St.-Maure1951 Samsoe1953 Havarti1954 paneer1954 taleggio1954 feta1956 St. Paulin1956 bleu cheese1957 Manchego1957 Ilchester1963 Dolcelatte1964 chèvre1965 Chaource1966 Windsor Red1969 halloumi1970 Montrachet1973 Chaumes1976 Lymeswold1981 cambozola1984 yarg1984 1733 S.-Carolina Gaz. 27 Jan. 4/1 Goods lately Imported, and to be Sold by Samuel Eveleigh,..Rhode-Island Cheese. 1788 F. Hopkinson in Amer. Lit. (1930) 1 413 A sumptuous Entertainment..consisting of a large Dish of Lacedemonian Broth, and elegant Hotch Pot & Rhode Island Cheese. 1862 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 180/2 There was a splendid Rhode-Island cheese on the counter. 1890 Andover Rev. July 46 The Rhode Island cheese that became such a famous article of export. 1920 T. W. Bicknell Hist. State Rhode Island II. xxvi. 483 ‘Rhode Island cheese’, the best made in New England, came from Narragansett farms. 1997 O. Reiss Blacks in Colonial Amer. v. 76 In the eighteenth century, some families owned thousands of acres used for livestock and the production of ‘Rhode Island cheese’ and other dairy products. 3. a. Rhode Island currency n. now historical currency produced by the State (earlier Colony) of Rhode Island, in circulation from 1710 until the state adopted the United States dollar in 1793. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > standards and values of currencies > [noun] > specific monetary units or units of account > specific U.S. Rhode Island currency1750 Rhode Island money1750 dollar1785 mill1786 dlr1895 1750 Jrnl. House of Commons 12 Mar. 26 120/1 The Exchange between England and Rhode Island is now from 1,050 l. to 1,100 l. Rhode Island Currency, for 100 l. Sterling in England. 1752 G. G. Beekman Let. 28 July in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 146 If no Rum to be had as above Send us by Brown or Amy the neet proceeds in good Rhode Island currency. 1826 Worcester Mag. & Hist. Jrnl. 2 99 In 1785, five dollars of the Rhode Island currency, and eight dollars of that of New Hampshire, were worth but three shillings here. 1890 N.Y. Times 21 July 2/1 Massachusetts, notwithstanding the decision of her Supreme Court in favor of the Rhode Island currency, managed to draw some hard money into her coffers. 1953 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 13 151 By 1739 most of the New England currencies were worth about five to one in terms of sterling... The Rhode Island currency, in spite of its enormous volume, managed to maintain a ration of five to one also. 2000 M. M. Schweitzer in J. P. Greene & J. R. Pole Compan. Amer. Revol. (2004) lxix. 565/2 Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Connecticut passed laws exempting their own citizens from having to accept Rhode Island currency as payment from Rhode Island debtors. b. Rhode Island money n. now historical = Rhode Island currency n. at sense 3a.In quot. 1750 with money understood from the context. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > standards and values of currencies > [noun] > specific monetary units or units of account > specific U.S. Rhode Island currency1750 Rhode Island money1750 dollar1785 mill1786 dlr1895 1750 G. G. Beekman Let. 13 May in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 107 A bundle of Old Tenor money which wee opened..and find it to contain £107.19.6 Connecticut money and £10.6 Rhode Island. 1840 W. Dunlap Hist. New Netherlands, Province N.Y., & State N.Y. II. App. p. clxxxi Syllavan..said that he some time back struck off £12,000 of Rhode Island money, and passed above £1,600 in one day. 1886 Atlantic Monthly June 781/1 Another law was passed, designed to secure the summary punishment of those who treated the Rhode Island money with scant respect. 1920 Stone & Webster Jrnl. 26 335 The merchants of Boston..entered into an agreement among themselves not to accept any of the 1733 Rhode Island money. 1991 Winterthur Portfolio 26 39/2 A single voyage..netted for the owners about £729 in Rhode Island money (or £547 sterling). 4. Rhode Island bent n. U.S. (more fully Rhode Island bent grass) common bent, Agrostis capillaris (formerly A. tenuis), a Eurasian grass used as a lawn and pasture grass in the United States. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > grasses used for hay or pasture windlestrawc1000 red grass1582 spring grass1643 sweet-grass1709 herd-grass1747 Guinea grass1756 vernal grass1762 vernal1771 Paspalum1772 buffalo grass1784 Rhode Island bent1790 red-top1792 finetop1824 kangaroo-grass1827 gamagrass1831 sweet vernal grass1839 yellow-top1839 grama1844 sesame grass1845 sacate1848 Para grass1850 Hungarian1859 alfilaria1860 sacaton1865 Mitchell grass1867 teosinte1877 Landsborough grass1883 turnip-grass1889 brown top1891 ichu1891 manna1897 Rhodes grass1903 Sudan1911 Kikuyu grass1913 never-fail1923 buffel grass1955 1790 S. Deane New-Eng. Farmer 123/1 The Rhode Island bent, as it is called, or red top grass, will do with less drying than some other grasses. 1875 Gardener's Monthly Oct. 291/2 We, many of us here, think the Rhode Island Bent grass, pure and simple, superior to any other. 1919 R. A. Moore & C. P. Halligan Plant Production ii. xix. 389 On very sandy soil the Rhode Island bent grass thrives well, while in very shady places the woodland meadow grass may be used. 1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. viii. 204 (table) Some Common Grasses... Brown Bent or Velvet Bent-Grass..Brown-top, Colonial Bent or Rhode Island Bent-Grass [etc.]. 2007 K. H. W. Klages Ecol. Crop Geogr. 559 Colonial, also designated as Rhode Island bent (A. tenuis), is extensively employed as a pasture grass in the New England states and in New York. 5. Rhode Island greening n. a large North American green-skinned apple with crisp, acidic flesh, used chiefly for cooking; the tree producing this apple. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > apple tree > varieties of birtle-tree1483 wyde?1523 renneta1568 pearmain1597 codling tree1629 codling1651 passe-pomme1691 Rhode Island greening1795 Spitzenberg1795 tulip-apple1842 Wagener1848 sweet-bough1850 Lord Derby1862 Chinese crab1882 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of costardc1390 bitter-sweet1393 Queening?1435 richardine?1435 blaundrellc1440 pear apple1440 tuberc1440 quarrendenc1450 birtle1483 deusan1570 apple-john1572 Richard1572 lording1573 greening1577 queen apple1579 peeler1580 darling1584 doucin1584 golding1589 puffin1589 lady's longing1591 bitter-sweeting1597 pearmain1597 paradise apple1598 garden globe1600 gastlet1600 leather-coat1600 maligar1600 pome-paradise1601 French pippin1629 gillyflower1629 king apple1635 lady apple1651 golden pippin1654 goldling1655 puff1655 cardinal1658 green fillet1662 chestnut1664 cinnamon apple1664 fenouil1664 go-no-further1664 Westbury apple1664 seek-no-farther1670 nonsuch1676 calville1691 passe-pomme1691 fennel apple1699 queen1699 genet1706 fig-apple1707 oaken pin1707 nonpareil1726 costing1731 monstrous reinette1731 Newtown pippin1760 Ribston1782 Rhode Island greening1795 oslin1801 fall pippin1803 monstrous pippin1817 Newtown Spitzenburg1817 Gravenstein1821 Red Astrachan1822 Tolman sweet1822 grange apple1823 orange pippin1823 Baldwin1826 Sturmer Pippin1831 Newtowner1846 Northern Spy1847 Blenheim Orange1860 Cox1860 McIntosh Red1876 Worcester1877 raspberry apple1894 delicious1898 Laxton's Superb1920 Macoun1924 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of costardc1390 bitter-sweet1393 pippin?1435 pomewater?1435 Queening?1435 richardine?1435 blaundrellc1440 pear apple1440 tuberc1440 quarrendenc1450 birtle1483 sweeting1530 pomeroyal1534 renneta1568 deusan1570 apple-john1572 Richard1572 lording1573 russeting1573 greening1577 queen apple1579 peeler1580 reinette1582 darling1584 doucin1584 golding1589 puffin1589 lady's longing1591 bitter-sweeting1597 pearmain1597 paradise apple1598 garden globe1600 gastlet1600 leather-coat1600 maligar1600 pomeroy1600 short-start1600 jenneting1601 pome-paradise1601 russet coat1602 John apple1604 honey apple1611 honeymeal1611 musk apple1611 short-shank1611 spice apple1611 French pippin1629 king apple1635 lady apple1651 golden pippin1654 goldling1655 puff1655 cardinal1658 renneting1658 green fillet1662 chestnut1664 cinnamon apple1664 fenouil1664 go-no-further1664 reinetting1664 Westbury apple1664 seek-no-farther1670 nonsuch1676 white-wining1676 russet1686 calville1691 fennel apple1699 queen1699 genet1706 fig-apple1707 oaken pin1707 musk1708 nonpareil1726 costing1731 monstrous reinette1731 Newtown pippin1760 Ribston1782 Rhode Island greening1795 oslin1801 wine apple1802 fall pippin1803 monstrous pippin1817 Newtown Spitzenburg1817 Gravenstein1821 Red Astrachan1822 Tolman sweet1822 grange apple1823 orange pippin1823 Baldwin1826 wine-sap1826 Jonathan1831 Sturmer Pippin1831 rusty-coat1843 Newtowner1846 Northern Spy1847 Cornish gilliflowerc1850 Blenheim Orange1860 Cox1860 nutmeg pippin1860 McIntosh Red1876 Worcester1877 raspberry apple1894 delicious1898 Laxton's Superb1920 Melba apple1928 Melba1933 Mutsu1951 Newtown1953 discovery1964 1795 J. Jay Let. 12 Dec. in Columbia Libr. Columns (1970) May 43 Ten are of a kind called Rhode Island Greenings. 1817 W. Coxe View Cultiv. Fruit Trees 129 Jersey, or Rhode-Island Greening. Sometimes called the Burlington Greening. 1884 E. P. Roe Nature's Serial Story 400 Those umbrella-shaped trees are Rhode Island greenings. 1914 F. C. Sears Productive Orcharding xviii. 255 Kings, Suttons and Rhode Island Greenings picked September 15 and stored within three days, kept in good condition until March. 1994 Harrowsmith Country Life Dec. 33/1 What a shame to cut down a ‘Rhode Island Greening’, which yields a tart baking apple known in 1650 to be a good winter keeper and a superb variety for drying. 6. Rhode Island johnnycake n. (also Rhode Island jonnycake) [ < the name of Rhode Island + johnnycake n.] a small cake, typically made with white maize meal and baked in a pan. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > flat cake of bread cakec1225 tharf-cake1362 cake-breadc1400 bannock1483 bere bannockc1550 torte1555 fadge1609 breadcake1635 riddle cake1673 jonikin1676 tortilla1699 cookie1701 johnnycake1739 journey cake1754 galette1775 pone1796 riddle bread1797 ash-cake1809 chapatti1810 papad1813 poppadom1820 puri1831 roti1838 Rhode Island johnnycake1866 wrap1969 chapo1993 1866 Ladies' Repository Dec. 736/2 All of the boarders like Rhode Island johnny-cakes for breakfast. 1894 Amer. Monthly Mag. Feb. 116 This was his opinion of our famous Rhode Island Johnny cake. 1949 Los Angeles Times 13 Nov. (This Week Mag.) 28/3 Rhode Island johnnycake must be made of Rhode Island white meal ground of flint corn, ground within the boundaries of the state. 2002 P. Foulke & R. Foulke Daytrips & Getaway Weekends in Connecticut, Rhode Island, & Mass. 67 The Keeping Room has a large fireplace complete with a recipe for Rhode Island johnnycakes on the hearth. 7. a. Rhode Island Red n. a utility breed of domestic fowl developed in Rhode Island and Massachusetts, typically having deep brownish-red plumage, and the basis of many modern hybrids; a bird of this breed. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of rumpkin1676 bantam1749 Jersey blue1758 Dorking1779 Plymouth Rock1806 Java1813 shack-bag1816 Negro fowl1835 creeper1847 Minorca1848 cuckoo fowl1850 Leghorn1850 Brahmapootra1851 Ancona1853 shanghai1853 Andalusian1854 Bolton bay1854 Corsican cock1854 jacinth1854 Minorca1854 spangle1854 yellow leg1854 Crèvecœur1855 sultan1855 Hamburg1857 Leghorn1857 Yokohama1865 Houdan1871 Langshan1871 Wyandot1881 sultan hen1882 silkie1885 Orpington1887 rock1889 silver-grey1889 Campine1892 Rhode Island Red1893 Faverolles1902 Rhode Island White1905 Malines1906 Rhode Island1914 Australorp1922 maranc1934 1893 8th & 9th Ann. Rep. Bureau Animal Industry 1891–2 (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 330 The original Rhode Island Red, I am informed, is..a single comb, reddish buff fowl, hardy and very prolific in eggs. 1902 Outing Apr. 64/2 The Rhode Island Red has originated in this country. A certain Mr. William Tripp, then of Little Compton, in the State of Rhode Island, bought from a neighbour..a rose-combed Brown Leghorn cockerel to cross upon his flock of buff Malay hens. 1931 E. Caldwell Amer. Earth 76 We lived on a small farm and had..a flock of Rhode Island Red chickens. 1977 J. Hodgins Invention of World (1978) iii. 51 A dozen Rhode Island Reds Anna looked after for their eggs. 2007 M. Richards Growing Wild on Exmoor 92 Jack's father..would wander round his garden talking to his Rhode Island Reds. b. Rhode Island White n. a variety of the Rhode Island Red having white plumage; a bird of this variety. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of rumpkin1676 bantam1749 Jersey blue1758 Dorking1779 Plymouth Rock1806 Java1813 shack-bag1816 Negro fowl1835 creeper1847 Minorca1848 cuckoo fowl1850 Leghorn1850 Brahmapootra1851 Ancona1853 shanghai1853 Andalusian1854 Bolton bay1854 Corsican cock1854 jacinth1854 Minorca1854 spangle1854 yellow leg1854 Crèvecœur1855 sultan1855 Hamburg1857 Leghorn1857 Yokohama1865 Houdan1871 Langshan1871 Wyandot1881 sultan hen1882 silkie1885 Orpington1887 rock1889 silver-grey1889 Campine1892 Rhode Island Red1893 Faverolles1902 Rhode Island White1905 Malines1906 Rhode Island1914 Australorp1922 maranc1934 1905 Mass. Ploughman 13 May 3/2 My choice of breeds are the Rhode Island Whites as I am the originator of this breed, but the Wyandotte, Plymouth Rock, or Rhode Island Reds are good business breeds. 1949 F. B. Hutt Genetics Fowl 16 Color is the sole difference between the Rhode Island Whites and Rhode Island Reds. 2002 Biosyst. Engin. 83 374/2 The most popular commercial layer type lines, White Leghorn, Rhode Island White and Rhode Island Red, were chosen for the investigation. II. Simple uses. 8. A domestic fowl of the Rhode Island Red breed (see sense 7a). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > types of rumpkin1676 bantam1749 Jersey blue1758 Dorking1779 Plymouth Rock1806 Java1813 shack-bag1816 Negro fowl1835 creeper1847 Minorca1848 cuckoo fowl1850 Leghorn1850 Brahmapootra1851 Ancona1853 shanghai1853 Andalusian1854 Bolton bay1854 Corsican cock1854 jacinth1854 Minorca1854 spangle1854 yellow leg1854 Crèvecœur1855 sultan1855 Hamburg1857 Leghorn1857 Yokohama1865 Houdan1871 Langshan1871 Wyandot1881 sultan hen1882 silkie1885 Orpington1887 rock1889 silver-grey1889 Campine1892 Rhode Island Red1893 Faverolles1902 Rhode Island White1905 Malines1906 Rhode Island1914 Australorp1922 maranc1934 1914 F. N. S. Allen Her Wings xix. 271 The chickens, too, expressed the spring..sun glinting on gloss of green-black Minorcans.., russett of Rhode Islands, pure snow..of Leghorns [etc.]. 1992 C. Harvey Legacy of Love (BNC) 216 My Rhode Islands lay such beautiful brown speckled ones with yolks like marigolds. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1711
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