rhodiumn.¹

Brit.

/ˈrəʊdɪəm/, U.S.

/ˈroʊdiəm/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin rhodium, lignum rhodium.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin rhodium, short for lignum rhodium rhodium wood (1558 or earlier), probably < classical Latin lignum wood (see lignum n.¹) + Rhodius of or belonging to Rhodes (see Rhodian adj.). Compare rhodian wood n.It has also been suggested that rhodius in post-classical Latin lignum rhodium means rose-like or rose-scented and derives from ancient Greek ῥόδον rose (see rhodo- comb. form). Compare:1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) App. xxx. 1625 The smell of this [wood] is also like that of a Rose, whence they vulgarly call it Lignum Rhodium, Rose-wood, rather than from Rhodes the place where the later of them is said to grow. With oil of rhodium n. at sense 2 compare post-classical Latin Rhodinum oleum (1649), oelum ligni Rhodii (1651), oleum rhodii (1678).

1. More fully rhodium wood. A rose-scented wood derived from the rootstock and lower part of the stem of either of two species of bindweed, Convolvulus floridus and C. scoparius, native to the Canary Islands. Also †wood of rhodium. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [noun] > fragrant woods

agalloch1543

rhodium1580

calambac1594

xylobalsamum1616

rosewood1633

eagle-wood1669

calambour1685

rhodian wood1721

santal1728

tambac1728

jacaranda1830

turanira-wood1884

1580 T. Newton Approoued Med. 15 Aspalathos. The wood Rhodium. This tree decoct and gargalled healeth corrupt ulcers in the mouth, it groweth in Creta.

1653 N. Culpeper Pharmacopœia Londinensis 39/1 Firr, Wood of Aloes, Rhodium, Brazil, Box, Willow, Cipress [etc.].

1736 Compl. Family-piece i. iv. 177 Take..Rhodium Wood, yellow Saunders, each 6 Drams.

1755 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. IV. 2735/1 Jamaica affords a wood, called, by the people there, rosewood; which, though not the rhodium of the shops, has nevertheless much of its smell.

1867 Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 8 576 Turning to the Old World, we may note the disappearance of the sweet-scented Rhodium Wood once found in our shops.

1887 Amer. Druggist Feb. 35/1 Rhodium wood, or Canary Islands rose-wood is seldom to be had in the market at the present time.

1900 Meyer Brothers Druggist Dec. 377/2 Rhodium wood..is probably one of the hardest woods known. It is necessary to have specially constructed saws to saw and reduce it for distilling.

1997 N. Groom New Perfume Handbk. (ed. 2) 284 Rhodium Oil,..an oil distilled from underground parts of the wood of two shrub-like species of Convolvulus.., known as Rhodium, Rosewood, and Aspalathus.

2. oil of rhodium n. now chiefly historical and rare an oil distilled from rhodium wood; (in later use also) a mixture of oils used as a substitute for this.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils

oil de baya1398

oil roseta1400

alkitranc1400

laurinec1400

oil of spicac1400

seed oil1400

rape oil1420

nut-oil?c1425

masticine?1440

oil de rose?1440

oil of myrtine?a1450

gingellya1544

rose oil1552

alchitrean1562

oil of spike1577

oil of ben1594

myrtle oil1601

sesamus1601

sampsuchine1616

oil of walnuts1622

rape1641

oil of rhodium1649

rapeseed oil1652

neroli1676

oil of mace1681

spirit of scurvy-grass1682

beech-oil1716

poppy oil1737

castor oil1746

oil of sassafras1753

orange-peel oil1757

wood-oil1759

bergamot1766

sunflower oil1768

Russia oil1773

oil castor1779

tung-yu1788

poppy-seed oil1799

cocoa butter1801

sassafras oil1801

phulwara1805

oil of wine1807

grass oil1827

oil of marjoram1829

cajuput oil1832

essence of mustarda1834

picamar1835

spurge oil1836

oenanthic ether1837

tea oil1837

capnomor1838

cinnamon-oil1838

oil of mustard1838

orange-flower oil1838

resinein1841

mustard oil1844

myrrhol1845

styrol1845

oenanthol1847

shea butter1847

wintergreen1847

gaultheria oil1848

ginger-grass oil.1849

nutmeg oil1849

pine oil1849

peppermint oil1850

cocoa fat1851

orange oil1853

neem oil1856

poonga oil1857

xanthoxylene1857

crab-oil1858

illupi oil1858

Shanghai oil1861

stand oil1862

mustard-seed oil1863

carap oilc1865

cocum butter or oilc1865

Kurung oil1866

muduga oil1866

pichurim oil1866

serpolet1866

sumbul oil1868

sesame oil1870

niger oil1872

summer yellow1872

olibene1873

patchouli oil1875

pilocarpene1876

styrolene1881

tung oil1881

becuiba tallow1884

soy oil1884

tea-seed oil1884

eucalyptus1885

sage oil1888

hop-oil1889

cotton-seed oil1891

lemon oil1896

palmarosa oil1897

illipe butter1904

hydnocarpus oil1905

tung1911

niger seed oil1917

sun oil1937

vanaspati1949

fennel oil-

1649 N. Culpeper Physicall Directory 320 Oyl of Sassafras is made like oyl of Cinnamon, and so is made oyl of Rhodium, Juniper, Rosemary, Ivy.

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Lignum Rhodium, or Aspalathus, a certain sweet Wood; of which, the Oyl of Rhodium much used in Perfumes is made.

1764 Museum Rusticum 1 397 To the above-mentioned means of alluring by trailing..is added another of very material efficacy, which is, the use of oil of Rhodium.

1790 R. Beilby & T. Bewick Gen. Hist. Quadrupeds 356 Nux vomica ground, and mixed with oatmeal, with a small proportion of oil of rhodium and musk, have been found from experience to be very effectual [for killing rats].

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1296 A mixture of wheaten-flour and sugar..flavoured with the oil of rhodium.

1867 Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 8 576 The Oil of Rhodium sold in the shops is well known to be an artificial compound.

1904 Amer. Druggist & Pharmaceut. Rec. 44 369/2 We have seen a mixture of equal parts of oil of rose geranium and balsam of copaiba, put up as oil of rhodium.

1997 R. C. Barth Pioneers Colorado Parks xii. 64 Other ingredients found their way into this basic recipe: mice, fish, musk, female wolf urine, oil of rhodium, and undisclosed ingredients were added by wolfers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rhodiumn.²

Brit.

/ˈrəʊdɪəm/, U.S.

/ˈroʊdiəm/

Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Greek ῥόδον , -ium suffix.

Etymology: < ancient Greek ῥόδον rose (see rhodo- comb. form) + -ium suffix (see quot. 1804).

Chemistry.

A very hard, silvery-white, metallic chemical element of the transition series, atomic number 45. Symbol Rh (formerly Ro).Rhodium occurs as a minor component in native platinum and platinum ores. It is used in electroplating silver and other materials to prevent tarnishing, as a catalyst (esp. in catalytic converters), and in refractory and corrosion-resistant alloys.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > rhodium > [noun]

rhodium1804

Rh1814

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > base metal > [noun] > metals of platinum group > specific

palladium1803

iridium1804

osmium1804

rhodium1804

1804 W. H. Wollaston in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 94 419 I design in the present Memoir to prove the existence..of another metal, hitherto unknown, which may not improperly be distinguished by the name of Rhodium, from the rose-colour of a dilute solution of the salts containing it.

1836 T. Thomson Outl. Mineral. II. 460 Rhodium is a white metal, of so difficult fusion, that hitherto it has been obtained only in grains.

1880 E. Cleminshaw tr. C. A. Wurtz Atomic Theory 223 Iridium and rhodium..form well-characterised trichlorides and sesquioxides.

1936 Discovery July 218/1 The recently-discovered ‘rhodanising’ process for rendering silver untarnishable by the use of rhodium..can be applied to old as well as new silver.

1993 Sci. News 16 Jan. 37/2 The catalyst rhodium leads to very high yields of syngas.

2001 Northern Ont.: Uncover Business Opportunities 17 May 17/1 Interest in PGMs [sc. platinum-group metals]—platinum, palladium and rhodium—is expected to remain high, with increasing demand from the auto sector.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as rhodium catalyst, rhodium ingot, rhodium salt, rhodium sulphate, etc.

ΚΠ

1829 Q. Jrnl. Sci. 413 Rhodium Salts, according to Berzelius.

1879 Proc. Royal Soc. 1878–9 28 466 A small quantity of platinum..is regained by heating the residue..to redness, at which heat it is reduced to the metallic condition, the rhodium salt remaining undecomposed.

1895 Daily News 2 May 3/1 A rhodium ingot.

1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xlii. 820 Rhodium sulphate..forms a series of alums such as KRh(SO₄)₂,12H₂O.

1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) xv. 738 Conjugated dienes give dialdehydes when rhodium catalysts are used.

1992 Organometallics 11 48/2 We also thank..Johnson Matthey for the generous loan of rhodium salts.

2005 Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg) 4 Feb. (SA Science Lens Suppl.) 4/2 The flying objects are platinum and rhodium crystals, manipulated in a photo software programme.

C2.

rhodium black n. a black powder consisting of finely divided rhodium, used as a catalyst.

ΚΠ

1883 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 849 Rhodium black, obtained by the action of formic acid on rhodium hexchloride and sodium chloride.

1957 Analyt. Chem. 29 661/2 Hawley..used a high voltage spark method with rhodium black as standard.

2006 Org. Process Res. & Devel. 10 929/1 5 mol % of Rhodium black (51 mg) catalyst was added.

rhodium gold n. [compare German Rhodiumgold (1841)] now rare a native alloy of gold and rhodium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > native elements and alloys > [noun] > native gold

gold dust1607

virgin gold1673

sand gold1766

vein gold1834

rhodium gold1844

free gold1854

shot gold1858

flour-gold1869

stream-gold1875

1844 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 2) 460 The rhodium gold has the specific gravity 15·5–16·8. It is brittle, and contains, according to Del Rio, 34 to 43 per cent. of Rhodium.

1870 Sci. Opinion 3 535/2 With bisulphate of potash, sulphate of rhodium and potassium was exhibited, and the presence of rhodium gold proven.

1996 P. M. Rao tr. I. Ya. Nekrasov Geochem., Mineral. & Genesis Gold Deposits iii. 86 Iridium and rhodium gold are encountered in nature very rarely and data on the maximum content of iridium and rhodium in gold is unreliable in most cases.

† rhodium pen n. Obsolete a pen having the nib tipped with rhodium.

ΚΠ

1824 W. Owen Jrnl. 11 Nov. (1906) 10 My father showed them a Rhodium pen.

1871 G. Hartwig Subterranean World xxxi. 388 It is also employed for making the unalterable nibs of the so-called rhodium pens.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rhodium
释义	rhodiumn.¹ Brit. /ˈrəʊdɪəm/, U.S. /ˈroʊdiəm/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin rhodium, lignum rhodium. Etymology: < post-classical Latin rhodium, short for lignum rhodium rhodium wood (1558 or earlier), probably < classical Latin lignum wood (see lignum n.¹) + Rhodius of or belonging to Rhodes (see Rhodian adj.). Compare rhodian wood n.It has also been suggested that rhodius in post-classical Latin lignum rhodium means rose-like or rose-scented and derives from ancient Greek ῥόδον rose (see rhodo- comb. form). Compare:1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) App. xxx. 1625 The smell of this [wood] is also like that of a Rose, whence they vulgarly call it Lignum Rhodium, Rose-wood, rather than from Rhodes the place where the later of them is said to grow. With oil of rhodium n. at sense 2 compare post-classical Latin Rhodinum oleum (1649), oelum ligni Rhodii (1651), oleum rhodii (1678). 1. More fully rhodium wood. A rose-scented wood derived from the rootstock and lower part of the stem of either of two species of bindweed, Convolvulus floridus and C. scoparius, native to the Canary Islands. Also †wood of rhodium. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [noun] > fragrant woods agalloch1543 rhodium1580 calambac1594 xylobalsamum1616 rosewood1633 eagle-wood1669 calambour1685 rhodian wood1721 santal1728 tambac1728 jacaranda1830 turanira-wood1884 1580 T. Newton Approoued Med. 15 Aspalathos. The wood Rhodium. This tree decoct and gargalled healeth corrupt ulcers in the mouth, it groweth in Creta. 1653 N. Culpeper Pharmacopœia Londinensis 39/1 Firr, Wood of Aloes, Rhodium, Brazil, Box, Willow, Cipress [etc.]. 1736 Compl. Family-piece i. iv. 177 Take..Rhodium Wood, yellow Saunders, each 6 Drams. 1755 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. IV. 2735/1 Jamaica affords a wood, called, by the people there, rosewood; which, though not the rhodium of the shops, has nevertheless much of its smell. 1867 Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 8 576 Turning to the Old World, we may note the disappearance of the sweet-scented Rhodium Wood once found in our shops. 1887 Amer. Druggist Feb. 35/1 Rhodium wood, or Canary Islands rose-wood is seldom to be had in the market at the present time. 1900 Meyer Brothers Druggist Dec. 377/2 Rhodium wood..is probably one of the hardest woods known. It is necessary to have specially constructed saws to saw and reduce it for distilling. 1997 N. Groom New Perfume Handbk. (ed. 2) 284 Rhodium Oil,..an oil distilled from underground parts of the wood of two shrub-like species of Convolvulus.., known as Rhodium, Rosewood, and Aspalathus. 2. oil of rhodium n. now chiefly historical and rare an oil distilled from rhodium wood; (in later use also) a mixture of oils used as a substitute for this. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils oil de baya1398 oil roseta1400 alkitranc1400 laurinec1400 oil of spicac1400 seed oil1400 rape oil1420 nut-oil?c1425 masticine?1440 oil de rose?1440 oil of myrtine?a1450 gingellya1544 rose oil1552 alchitrean1562 oil of spike1577 oil of ben1594 myrtle oil1601 sesamus1601 sampsuchine1616 oil of walnuts1622 rape1641 oil of rhodium1649 rapeseed oil1652 neroli1676 oil of mace1681 spirit of scurvy-grass1682 beech-oil1716 poppy oil1737 castor oil1746 oil of sassafras1753 orange-peel oil1757 wood-oil1759 bergamot1766 sunflower oil1768 Russia oil1773 oil castor1779 tung-yu1788 poppy-seed oil1799 cocoa butter1801 sassafras oil1801 phulwara1805 oil of wine1807 grass oil1827 oil of marjoram1829 cajuput oil1832 essence of mustarda1834 picamar1835 spurge oil1836 oenanthic ether1837 tea oil1837 capnomor1838 cinnamon-oil1838 oil of mustard1838 orange-flower oil1838 resinein1841 mustard oil1844 myrrhol1845 styrol1845 oenanthol1847 shea butter1847 wintergreen1847 gaultheria oil1848 ginger-grass oil.1849 nutmeg oil1849 pine oil1849 peppermint oil1850 cocoa fat1851 orange oil1853 neem oil1856 poonga oil1857 xanthoxylene1857 crab-oil1858 illupi oil1858 Shanghai oil1861 stand oil1862 mustard-seed oil1863 carap oilc1865 cocum butter or oilc1865 Kurung oil1866 muduga oil1866 pichurim oil1866 serpolet1866 sumbul oil1868 sesame oil1870 niger oil1872 summer yellow1872 olibene1873 patchouli oil1875 pilocarpene1876 styrolene1881 tung oil1881 becuiba tallow1884 soy oil1884 tea-seed oil1884 eucalyptus1885 sage oil1888 hop-oil1889 cotton-seed oil1891 lemon oil1896 palmarosa oil1897 illipe butter1904 hydnocarpus oil1905 tung1911 niger seed oil1917 sun oil1937 vanaspati1949 fennel oil- 1649 N. Culpeper Physicall Directory 320 Oyl of Sassafras is made like oyl of Cinnamon, and so is made oyl of Rhodium, Juniper, Rosemary, Ivy. 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Lignum Rhodium, or Aspalathus, a certain sweet Wood; of which, the Oyl of Rhodium much used in Perfumes is made. 1764 Museum Rusticum 1 397 To the above-mentioned means of alluring by trailing..is added another of very material efficacy, which is, the use of oil of Rhodium. 1790 R. Beilby & T. Bewick Gen. Hist. Quadrupeds 356 Nux vomica ground, and mixed with oatmeal, with a small proportion of oil of rhodium and musk, have been found from experience to be very effectual [for killing rats]. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1296 A mixture of wheaten-flour and sugar..flavoured with the oil of rhodium. 1867 Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 8 576 The Oil of Rhodium sold in the shops is well known to be an artificial compound. 1904 Amer. Druggist & Pharmaceut. Rec. 44 369/2 We have seen a mixture of equal parts of oil of rose geranium and balsam of copaiba, put up as oil of rhodium. 1997 R. C. Barth Pioneers Colorado Parks xii. 64 Other ingredients found their way into this basic recipe: mice, fish, musk, female wolf urine, oil of rhodium, and undisclosed ingredients were added by wolfers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rhodiumn.² Brit. /ˈrəʊdɪəm/, U.S. /ˈroʊdiəm/ Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Greek ῥόδον , -ium suffix. Etymology: < ancient Greek ῥόδον rose (see rhodo- comb. form) + -ium suffix (see quot. 1804). Chemistry. A very hard, silvery-white, metallic chemical element of the transition series, atomic number 45. Symbol Rh (formerly Ro).Rhodium occurs as a minor component in native platinum and platinum ores. It is used in electroplating silver and other materials to prevent tarnishing, as a catalyst (esp. in catalytic converters), and in refractory and corrosion-resistant alloys. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > rhodium > [noun] rhodium1804 Rh1814 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > base metal > [noun] > metals of platinum group > specific palladium1803 iridium1804 osmium1804 rhodium1804 1804 W. H. Wollaston in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 94 419 I design in the present Memoir to prove the existence..of another metal, hitherto unknown, which may not improperly be distinguished by the name of Rhodium, from the rose-colour of a dilute solution of the salts containing it. 1836 T. Thomson Outl. Mineral. II. 460 Rhodium is a white metal, of so difficult fusion, that hitherto it has been obtained only in grains. 1880 E. Cleminshaw tr. C. A. Wurtz Atomic Theory 223 Iridium and rhodium..form well-characterised trichlorides and sesquioxides. 1936 Discovery July 218/1 The recently-discovered ‘rhodanising’ process for rendering silver untarnishable by the use of rhodium..can be applied to old as well as new silver. 1993 Sci. News 16 Jan. 37/2 The catalyst rhodium leads to very high yields of syngas. 2001 Northern Ont.: Uncover Business Opportunities 17 May 17/1 Interest in PGMs [sc. platinum-group metals]—platinum, palladium and rhodium—is expected to remain high, with increasing demand from the auto sector. Compounds C1. General attributive, as rhodium catalyst, rhodium ingot, rhodium salt, rhodium sulphate, etc. ΚΠ 1829 Q. Jrnl. Sci. 413 Rhodium Salts, according to Berzelius. 1879 Proc. Royal Soc. 1878–9 28 466 A small quantity of platinum..is regained by heating the residue..to redness, at which heat it is reduced to the metallic condition, the rhodium salt remaining undecomposed. 1895 Daily News 2 May 3/1 A rhodium ingot. 1922 T. M. Lowry Inorg. Chem. xlii. 820 Rhodium sulphate..forms a series of alums such as KRh(SO₄)₂,12H₂O. 1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) xv. 738 Conjugated dienes give dialdehydes when rhodium catalysts are used. 1992 Organometallics 11 48/2 We also thank..Johnson Matthey for the generous loan of rhodium salts. 2005 Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg) 4 Feb. (SA Science Lens Suppl.) 4/2 The flying objects are platinum and rhodium crystals, manipulated in a photo software programme. C2. rhodium black n. a black powder consisting of finely divided rhodium, used as a catalyst. ΚΠ 1883 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 849 Rhodium black, obtained by the action of formic acid on rhodium hexchloride and sodium chloride. 1957 Analyt. Chem. 29 661/2 Hawley..used a high voltage spark method with rhodium black as standard. 2006 Org. Process Res. & Devel. 10 929/1 5 mol % of Rhodium black (51 mg) catalyst was added. rhodium gold n. [compare German Rhodiumgold (1841)] now rare a native alloy of gold and rhodium. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > native elements and alloys > [noun] > native gold gold dust1607 virgin gold1673 sand gold1766 vein gold1834 rhodium gold1844 free gold1854 shot gold1858 flour-gold1869 stream-gold1875 1844 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 2) 460 The rhodium gold has the specific gravity 15·5–16·8. It is brittle, and contains, according to Del Rio, 34 to 43 per cent. of Rhodium. 1870 Sci. Opinion 3 535/2 With bisulphate of potash, sulphate of rhodium and potassium was exhibited, and the presence of rhodium gold proven. 1996 P. M. Rao tr. I. Ya. Nekrasov Geochem., Mineral. & Genesis Gold Deposits iii. 86 Iridium and rhodium gold are encountered in nature very rarely and data on the maximum content of iridium and rhodium in gold is unreliable in most cases. † rhodium pen n. Obsolete a pen having the nib tipped with rhodium. ΚΠ 1824 W. Owen Jrnl. 11 Nov. (1906) 10 My father showed them a Rhodium pen. 1871 G. Hartwig Subterranean World xxxi. 388 It is also employed for making the unalterable nibs of the so-called rhodium pens. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1580n.²1804
随便看	post office department post office directory post office green post office insurance post office packet post office red post office yellow post packet post parcel post pattern post puller post quintain post rank post rem post res post road post rock post room post route pound brush pound butter pound cake pound close pound coin pound day

rhodiumn.1

rhodiumn.2

Compounds

rhodiumn.¹

rhodiumn.²