roidadj.

Brit.

/rɔɪd/, U.S.

/rɔɪd/

Forms: Middle English roide, Middle English royde, Middle English (1800s– English regional (Yorkshire)) roid, late Middle English rede, late Middle English rode, late Middle English roode, late Middle English rude (northern); also Scottish pre-1700 rod, pre-1700 roide, pre-1700 rood, pre-1700 roode, pre-1700 royde, pre-1700 1800s roid, pre-1700 1800s– royd, 1800s royed.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from French. Probably partly a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: French roide ; rude adj.

Etymology: Probably partly < Middle French royde, Anglo-Norman and Middle French reide, redde, Middle French, French roide, French raide firm, solid, rigid (c1140 in Old French as reit ), obstinate, uncompromising, inflexible (c1180), rapid, impetuous (late 12th cent.), sudden, violent (1584; c1245 as adverb in sense ‘violently, suddenly’), (of movement) stiff, graceless (17th cent.), (of style) inelegant (1765; < classical Latin rigidus rigid adj.), and partly a variant of rude adj., perhaps by association with the French word (compare e.g. quot. a1450 at sense 3, where the spelling corresponds with those at rude adj. but the pronunciation (as indicated by the rhymes) and the sense correspond with those covered here). Compare reddour n.With modern Scots use compare royet adj. 2 and see discussion at that entry.

Now regional and rare.

I. Senses corresponding to rude adj.

a. Lacking in culture or sophistication; uncivilized, wild; (also) lacking in learning or understanding; ignorant. In later use also in weakened sense: mischievous, unruly. Now Scottish.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > [adjective]

unlearedeOE

untowenc1000

unwittyc1000

skillessc1175

uncouthc1220

lewda1225

lorelessa1300

simplea1325

layc1330

uncunning1340

untaughtc1340

unknowingc1350

rudea1382

roida1400

unquainta1400

ignorant?c1400

unlearnedc1400

misknowing?a1425

simple-hearted?c1425

unknownc1475

unkenningc1480

unweeting1483

nescienta1500

craftlessc1530

misliterate1532

sillya1547

ingram1553

gross1561

inscient1578

borowe1579

plain-headeda1586

empirical1588

rudeful1589

lack-learning1590

learnless?1593

wotless?1594

ingrant1597

untutored1597

small-knowing1598

uninstructed1598

unlearnt1609

unread1609

unware?1611

nescious1623

inscious1633

inscientifical1660

uninformed1702

unaware1704

unable1721

unsuspecting1776

inerudite1801

ill-informed1824

incognoscent1827

unminded1831

unknowledgeable1837

knowledgelessc1843

parviscient1862

clueless1943

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > cultural ignorance > [adjective]

rudea1382

roida1400

borel1513

rustical?1532

illiberal1535

waste?1541

rusticc1550

illiterate1556

ruggedc1565

profane1568

unskilful1572

raw?1573

clownish1581

home-born1589

rough-hewn1593

unpolished1594

artless1598

home-bred1602

unbevelled1602

incult1628

museless1644

uncultivated1646

incultivateda1657

uncultivate1659

incultivate1661

unpolite1674

uncult1675

repent1684

uncultivated1725

uncultured1777

unenlightened1792

cultureless1824

sloven1856

philistinic1869

undoctrined1869

Philistine1871

Philistinish1871

roughneck1906

lowbrow1907

low-level1916

no-brow1922

bohunk1957

bakya1960

society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > [adjective]

wildc1000

unthewedc1175

wanton?a1300

rabbisha1387

irregular1395

inordinate1398

unruly1400

misgoverned?a1425

misruled?a1425

misruly?a1425

unruleful1439

seditious1447

rulelessc1460

turbulous1527

undaunted1533

turbulent1538

unordinate1561

rowsey1565

misorderlya1568

disruly1570

rabbling1575

disorderous1579

irregulate1579

disorderly1585

break-dance1587

willyart?1590

unguided1600

inorderly1606

anarchial1609

irregulousa1616

unmasterlya1623

uncomposed1631

obstreperous1641

disriegled1657

ranting1658

rantipole1660

reuling1691

shandy1691

rumblegarie1722

randy1723

obstropolous1727

wanruly1773

polrumptious1787

ree-raw1800

rambunctious1830

roid1874

unordered1929

rogue1948

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 23911 For-sake þu noght þis roide werk, For þou it roid [Vesp. rude] and stubil be, It es in worschip wroght of þe.

?a1450 in C. von Nolcken Middle Eng. Transl. Rosarium Theol. (1979) 76 (MED) Þe law is giffen for 7. þings..þe 3. to teching of roide or boistous menn into Criste.

c1480 (a1400) St. Mary of Egypt 1470 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 338 I haf translat Þe story, þocht it be nocht cunnandly In all—for royde man am I.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) ii. l. 1022 Þe folk were Roide of condicionys and of fere.

1874 C. Sievwright Love Lilts 50 The bairnies gude bless them, are royed an' rough.

1895 D. M. Forrester At Edge of Heather iv. 56 Some royd rascals took good care that they themselves should sometimes have ‘the first word’.

1935 Aberdeen Press & Jrnl. 1 Oct. The douce aul' body an' the royd bit quine.

†b. Of an animal: lacking the capacity for reason, irrational. Also: wild, untamed. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by nature > [adjective] > irrational or dull

daftc1325

insensible?1531

roidc1540

unsensible1560

stupid1605

the world > animals > by nature > [adjective] > wild or vicious

wildc725

wrothOE

keenOE

ramagec1300

fell?c1335

furiousc1374

fierce1377

ramageousa1398

eagerc1405

savage1447

naughtyc1460

criminal1477

ill1480

shrewd1509

mankind1519

roidc1540

mad1565

horn-mad1579

fierceful1607

man-keen1607

indomite1617

fellish1638

ferocious1646

ferousa1652

ferinea1676

kwaai1827

skelm1827

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 4428 A Roid beste vnreasonable, þat no Rule holdes.

?1590–1 J. Burel Passage of Pilgremer i, in Poems sig. M4^v The he fox..Quhiles wandring, quhiles dandring, Like royd and wilzart rais.

†a. Of a person: behaving roughly or violently; fierce. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adjective]

grimlyc893

wrothc893

reighOE

grima1000

grillc1175

witherc1175

grimfula1240

sturdy1297

wild1297

fiercea1300

man-keenc1300

stoutc1300

cruelc1330

fell?c1335

wicked1375

felonousc1386

felona1400

cursedc1400

runishc1400

keen?c1425

roid?c1425

wolvishc1430

ranishc1450

malicious1485

mankind1519

mannish1530

lionish1549

truculent?c1550

lion-like1556

tigerish?1573

tiger-like1587

truculental1593

Amazonian1595

tigerous1597

feral1604

fierceful1607

efferous1614

lionly1631

tigerly1633

feroce1641

ferocious1646

asperous1650

ferousa1652

blusterous1663

wolfish1674

boarisha1718

savage-fierce1770

Tartar1809

Tartarly1821

wolfy1828

savagerous1832

hawkish1841

tigery1859

attern1868

Hunnish1915

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [adjective] > rough

rudea1375

savagea1393

rougha1398

roid?c1425

brutisha1513

brash1868

roughneck1906

to treat 'em rough1962

?c1425 (c1400) in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. (1984) 74 53 (MED) Som tyme þey [sc. bloodletters] ar so royde or boystus þat in smytynge wiþ þe fyngere or sum like þynge þe perce þe veyne into þe arterie.

a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 829* The kyng of þatt cuntree..Had rasyd vp a rode hoste.

b. Of an object, action, etc.: violent, rough, harsh; (also) capable of inflicting serious wounds. Now English regional (Yorkshire).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adjective]

retheeOE

hotOE

strongOE

woodlyc1000

un-i-rideOE

stoura1122

brathc1175

unridec1175

unrudec1225

starklyc1275

toughc1275

wood1297

ragec1330

unrekena1350

biga1375

furialc1386

outrageousc1390

savagea1393

violenta1393

bremelya1400

snarta1400

wrothlya1400

fightingc1400

runishc1400

dour?a1425

derfc1440

churlousa1450

roida1450

fervent1465

churlish1477

orgulous1483

felona1500

brathfula1522

brathlya1525

fanatic1533

furious1535

boisterous1544

blusterous1548

ungentle1551

sore1563

full-mouthed1594

savage wild1595

Herculean1602

shrill1608

robustious1612

efferous1614

thundering1618

churly1620

ferocient1655

turbulent1656

efferate1684

knock-me-down1760

haggard-wild1786

ensanguined1806

rammish1807

fulminatory1820

riproarious1830

natural1832

survigrous1835

sabre-toothed1849

cataclysmal1861

thunderous1874

fierce1912

cataractal1926

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1913) II. l. 11235 (MED) Thanne took he a Royde spere anon, and jnto that pres he gan faste to gon.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 1362 For all thi roid rahres Thow has na charge.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) ix. l. 27 Þus eftyr a royde harsk begynnynge Hapnyt a fast and gud endynge.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 1984 There a tempest hom toke on þe torres hegh, A rak and a royde wynde rose in hor saile.

c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1929) IV. ii. 10062 Quhare he on fute was in the thrang And routis royd about him dang.

1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield (at cited word) A roid night is a stormy one; roid work is a quarrel.

†3. Large and cumbersome or shapeless; huge in size. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > largeness > [adjective] > of large volume or bulky > and clumsy

unridec1175

un-i-weldec1275

boistous?a1400

cumbrousa1400

roida1450

clubbishc1530

lumpish?1573

bouncing1579

unwieldy1582

boisterous1590

unfeirdyc1590

lumbering1593

cumbersome1594

elephantic1598

elephant-likea1603

moliminous1642

clumpish1681

rhinocerical1689

hulking1699

hulky1785

lumberly1805

elephantine1826

rhinocerial1828

lumbersome1834

clumpy1836

lumbrous1836

hippopotamic1853

hippopotamian1864

megatherial1894

hippopotamine1911

a1450 York Plays (1885) 277 (MED) Youre richesse schal be refte you þat is rude [rhymes noyed, stroyed].

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 6025 (MED) Þe bell it was so grete and royde Þat of þe caryage he was oft noyde.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 77 Ȝeit schede he thaim; a full royd slope was maid.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) viii. l. 5699 [They had] royd frogis on þar armynge, To cuwyr þaim for persawynge.

†4. Of a substance or material: coarse. Also (of language): roughly phrased, inelegant. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > other specific kinds of texture > [adjective] > coarse

greateOE

hardOE

boistous1398

hask?a1425

roidc1485

gross?1504

gruff1533

coarse1582

stoggie1825

broad1908

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > inelegance > [adjective]

wanmola1325

rudea1393

lewdc1425

rustyc1425

unpolisheda1450

roidc1485

inelegant1509

gross1513

rough?1520

barbarous1526

ineloquent1532

inconcinnate1534

crabby1550

crabbed1561

uneloquent1565

unelegant1570

unkempt1579

unfiled1590

illiterate1598

unconceived1599

aliterate1624

incompta1628

scabbed1630

uncombed1633

uncompt1633

uncouth1694

coarse1699

slatternly1783

crude1786

warty1822

stumbling1859

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxx. 105 The royde metis ar gevin to rude men and hate of complexioun.

a1500 Mandeville's Trav. (Rawl.) (1953) 463 (MED) In that londe growen trees that bereth wolle, but it is gret and royde.

a1540 (c1460) G. Hay tr. Bk. King Alexander 7464 His gowun was of a grete roid cameta.

1596 in Lett. & State Papers Reign James VI (1838) 11 Bisiking your hines to pardon my baldness and roid form in vretting sva langsomly.

†II. Senses corresponding to rigid adj.

5. Stiff. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [adjective] > stiff

unmeeka1250

unbuxomc1412

roid1477

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 33 The Geant roose also, but hit was not lightly, For his legges were Royde.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	roid
释义	roidn. Brit. /rɔɪd/, U.S. /rɔɪd/ Forms: 1900s– roid, 1900s– 'roid. Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: steroid n. Etymology: Shortened < steroid n. colloquial (originally U.S.). A steroid; esp. an anabolic steroid taken for its muscle-building properties by an athlete, a bodybuilder, etc. Usually in plural. ΚΠ 1978 ‘S. Shem’ House of God 49 ‘If I was you, Potts, I'd give him some roids.’ ‘Roids?’ ‘Steroids, man, steroids.’ 1980 N.Y. Times Mag. 21 Dec. 78/5 Please be advised that no one uses ‘oids’, but rather ‘roids’, instead of steroids. 1988 Musclemag Nov. 20/3 There are some bodybuilders and powerlifters who say it's as good as roids, but with none of the side-effects. 1995 San Francisco Chron. (Electronic ed.) 21 July e1 He sees a lot less evidence of steroid bulk. League-wide testing has weeded out many of the 'roid monsters. 2002 J. Mercurio Bodies (2003) 231 ‘Give him a neb and roids,’ I tell the nurse. 2008 Antioch Rev. 66 251 The dreaded man-boobs never came near, and though the roids kicked my ass a little at the end, I can't say I regret the experience. Compounds roid rage n. (an outburst of) heightened aggression attributed to the use of anabolic steroids. ΚΠ 1987 D. Winfield & E. Swenson Turn it Around! viii. 99 While steroids definitely increase bulk and weight, their ability to strengthen is less certain. One thing is for sure—they do affect temperament. ‘Roid rage’ is no myth. 1991 Sports Illustr. 12 Aug. 4/1 Only a ‘roid rage’ could provoke such a senseless act. 2004 Daily Tel. 29 Oct. 27/7 Cross my path when I'm riding a steroid trip and you are likely to encounter some very serious 'roid rage. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2001; most recently modified version published online March 2022). roidadj. Brit. /rɔɪd/, U.S. /rɔɪd/ Forms: Middle English roide, Middle English royde, Middle English (1800s– English regional (Yorkshire)) roid, late Middle English rede, late Middle English rode, late Middle English roode, late Middle English rude (northern); also Scottish pre-1700 rod, pre-1700 roide, pre-1700 rood, pre-1700 roode, pre-1700 royde, pre-1700 1800s roid, pre-1700 1800s– royd, 1800s royed. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from French. Probably partly a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: French roide ; rude adj. Etymology: Probably partly < Middle French royde, Anglo-Norman and Middle French reide, redde, Middle French, French roide, French raide firm, solid, rigid (c1140 in Old French as reit ), obstinate, uncompromising, inflexible (c1180), rapid, impetuous (late 12th cent.), sudden, violent (1584; c1245 as adverb in sense ‘violently, suddenly’), (of movement) stiff, graceless (17th cent.), (of style) inelegant (1765; < classical Latin rigidus rigid adj.), and partly a variant of rude adj., perhaps by association with the French word (compare e.g. quot. a1450 at sense 3, where the spelling corresponds with those at rude adj. but the pronunciation (as indicated by the rhymes) and the sense correspond with those covered here). Compare reddour n.With modern Scots use compare royet adj. 2 and see discussion at that entry. Now regional and rare. I. Senses corresponding to rude adj. 1. a. Lacking in culture or sophistication; uncivilized, wild; (also) lacking in learning or understanding; ignorant. In later use also in weakened sense: mischievous, unruly. Now Scottish. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > [adjective] unlearedeOE untowenc1000 unwittyc1000 skillessc1175 uncouthc1220 lewda1225 lorelessa1300 simplea1325 layc1330 uncunning1340 untaughtc1340 unknowingc1350 rudea1382 roida1400 unquainta1400 ignorant?c1400 unlearnedc1400 misknowing?a1425 simple-hearted?c1425 unknownc1475 unkenningc1480 unweeting1483 nescienta1500 craftlessc1530 misliterate1532 sillya1547 ingram1553 gross1561 inscient1578 borowe1579 plain-headeda1586 empirical1588 rudeful1589 lack-learning1590 learnless?1593 wotless?1594 ingrant1597 untutored1597 small-knowing1598 uninstructed1598 unlearnt1609 unread1609 unware?1611 nescious1623 inscious1633 inscientifical1660 uninformed1702 unaware1704 unable1721 unsuspecting1776 inerudite1801 ill-informed1824 incognoscent1827 unminded1831 unknowledgeable1837 knowledgelessc1843 parviscient1862 clueless1943 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > cultural ignorance > [adjective] rudea1382 roida1400 borel1513 rustical?1532 illiberal1535 waste?1541 rusticc1550 illiterate1556 ruggedc1565 profane1568 unskilful1572 raw?1573 clownish1581 home-born1589 rough-hewn1593 unpolished1594 artless1598 home-bred1602 unbevelled1602 incult1628 museless1644 uncultivated1646 incultivateda1657 uncultivate1659 incultivate1661 unpolite1674 uncult1675 repent1684 uncultivated1725 uncultured1777 unenlightened1792 cultureless1824 sloven1856 philistinic1869 undoctrined1869 Philistine1871 Philistinish1871 roughneck1906 lowbrow1907 low-level1916 no-brow1922 bohunk1957 bakya1960 society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > [adjective] wildc1000 unthewedc1175 wanton?a1300 rabbisha1387 irregular1395 inordinate1398 unruly1400 misgoverned?a1425 misruled?a1425 misruly?a1425 unruleful1439 seditious1447 rulelessc1460 turbulous1527 undaunted1533 turbulent1538 unordinate1561 rowsey1565 misorderlya1568 disruly1570 rabbling1575 disorderous1579 irregulate1579 disorderly1585 break-dance1587 willyart?1590 unguided1600 inorderly1606 anarchial1609 irregulousa1616 unmasterlya1623 uncomposed1631 obstreperous1641 disriegled1657 ranting1658 rantipole1660 reuling1691 shandy1691 rumblegarie1722 randy1723 obstropolous1727 wanruly1773 polrumptious1787 ree-raw1800 rambunctious1830 roid1874 unordered1929 rogue1948 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 23911 For-sake þu noght þis roide werk, For þou it roid [Vesp. rude] and stubil be, It es in worschip wroght of þe. ?a1450 in C. von Nolcken Middle Eng. Transl. Rosarium Theol. (1979) 76 (MED) Þe law is giffen for 7. þings..þe 3. to teching of roide or boistous menn into Criste. c1480 (a1400) St. Mary of Egypt 1470 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 338 I haf translat Þe story, þocht it be nocht cunnandly In all—for royde man am I. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) ii. l. 1022 Þe folk were Roide of condicionys and of fere. 1874 C. Sievwright Love Lilts 50 The bairnies gude bless them, are royed an' rough. 1895 D. M. Forrester At Edge of Heather iv. 56 Some royd rascals took good care that they themselves should sometimes have ‘the first word’. 1935 Aberdeen Press & Jrnl. 1 Oct. The douce aul' body an' the royd bit quine. †b. Of an animal: lacking the capacity for reason, irrational. Also: wild, untamed. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by nature > [adjective] > irrational or dull daftc1325 insensible?1531 roidc1540 unsensible1560 stupid1605 the world > animals > by nature > [adjective] > wild or vicious wildc725 wrothOE keenOE ramagec1300 fell?c1335 furiousc1374 fierce1377 ramageousa1398 eagerc1405 savage1447 naughtyc1460 criminal1477 ill1480 shrewd1509 mankind1519 roidc1540 mad1565 horn-mad1579 fierceful1607 man-keen1607 indomite1617 fellish1638 ferocious1646 ferousa1652 ferinea1676 kwaai1827 skelm1827 c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 4428 A Roid beste vnreasonable, þat no Rule holdes. ?1590–1 J. Burel Passage of Pilgremer i, in Poems sig. M4^v The he fox..Quhiles wandring, quhiles dandring, Like royd and wilzart rais. 2. †a. Of a person: behaving roughly or violently; fierce. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > [adjective] grimlyc893 wrothc893 reighOE grima1000 grillc1175 witherc1175 grimfula1240 sturdy1297 wild1297 fiercea1300 man-keenc1300 stoutc1300 cruelc1330 fell?c1335 wicked1375 felonousc1386 felona1400 cursedc1400 runishc1400 keen?c1425 roid?c1425 wolvishc1430 ranishc1450 malicious1485 mankind1519 mannish1530 lionish1549 truculent?c1550 lion-like1556 tigerish?1573 tiger-like1587 truculental1593 Amazonian1595 tigerous1597 feral1604 fierceful1607 efferous1614 lionly1631 tigerly1633 feroce1641 ferocious1646 asperous1650 ferousa1652 blusterous1663 wolfish1674 boarisha1718 savage-fierce1770 Tartar1809 Tartarly1821 wolfy1828 savagerous1832 hawkish1841 tigery1859 attern1868 Hunnish1915 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [adjective] > rough rudea1375 savagea1393 rougha1398 roid?c1425 brutisha1513 brash1868 roughneck1906 to treat 'em rough1962 ?c1425 (c1400) in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. (1984) 74 53 (MED) Som tyme þey [sc. bloodletters] ar so royde or boystus þat in smytynge wiþ þe fyngere or sum like þynge þe perce þe veyne into þe arterie. a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 829* The kyng of þatt cuntree..Had rasyd vp a rode hoste. b. Of an object, action, etc.: violent, rough, harsh; (also) capable of inflicting serious wounds. Now English regional (Yorkshire). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adjective] retheeOE hotOE strongOE woodlyc1000 un-i-rideOE stoura1122 brathc1175 unridec1175 unrudec1225 starklyc1275 toughc1275 wood1297 ragec1330 unrekena1350 biga1375 furialc1386 outrageousc1390 savagea1393 violenta1393 bremelya1400 snarta1400 wrothlya1400 fightingc1400 runishc1400 dour?a1425 derfc1440 churlousa1450 roida1450 fervent1465 churlish1477 orgulous1483 felona1500 brathfula1522 brathlya1525 fanatic1533 furious1535 boisterous1544 blusterous1548 ungentle1551 sore1563 full-mouthed1594 savage wild1595 Herculean1602 shrill1608 robustious1612 efferous1614 thundering1618 churly1620 ferocient1655 turbulent1656 efferate1684 knock-me-down1760 haggard-wild1786 ensanguined1806 rammish1807 fulminatory1820 riproarious1830 natural1832 survigrous1835 sabre-toothed1849 cataclysmal1861 thunderous1874 fierce1912 cataractal1926 a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1913) II. l. 11235 (MED) Thanne took he a Royde spere anon, and jnto that pres he gan faste to gon. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 1362 For all thi roid rahres Thow has na charge. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) ix. l. 27 Þus eftyr a royde harsk begynnynge Hapnyt a fast and gud endynge. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 1984 There a tempest hom toke on þe torres hegh, A rak and a royde wynde rose in hor saile. c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1929) IV. ii. 10062 Quhare he on fute was in the thrang And routis royd about him dang. 1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield (at cited word) A roid night is a stormy one; roid work is a quarrel. †3. Large and cumbersome or shapeless; huge in size. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > largeness > [adjective] > of large volume or bulky > and clumsy unridec1175 un-i-weldec1275 boistous?a1400 cumbrousa1400 roida1450 clubbishc1530 lumpish?1573 bouncing1579 unwieldy1582 boisterous1590 unfeirdyc1590 lumbering1593 cumbersome1594 elephantic1598 elephant-likea1603 moliminous1642 clumpish1681 rhinocerical1689 hulking1699 hulky1785 lumberly1805 elephantine1826 rhinocerial1828 lumbersome1834 clumpy1836 lumbrous1836 hippopotamic1853 hippopotamian1864 megatherial1894 hippopotamine1911 a1450 York Plays (1885) 277 (MED) Youre richesse schal be refte you þat is rude [rhymes noyed, stroyed]. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 6025 (MED) Þe bell it was so grete and royde Þat of þe caryage he was oft noyde. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 77 Ȝeit schede he thaim; a full royd slope was maid. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) viii. l. 5699 [They had] royd frogis on þar armynge, To cuwyr þaim for persawynge. †4. Of a substance or material: coarse. Also (of language): roughly phrased, inelegant. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > other specific kinds of texture > [adjective] > coarse greateOE hardOE boistous1398 hask?a1425 roidc1485 gross?1504 gruff1533 coarse1582 stoggie1825 broad1908 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > inelegance > [adjective] wanmola1325 rudea1393 lewdc1425 rustyc1425 unpolisheda1450 roidc1485 inelegant1509 gross1513 rough?1520 barbarous1526 ineloquent1532 inconcinnate1534 crabby1550 crabbed1561 uneloquent1565 unelegant1570 unkempt1579 unfiled1590 illiterate1598 unconceived1599 aliterate1624 incompta1628 scabbed1630 uncombed1633 uncompt1633 uncouth1694 coarse1699 slatternly1783 crude1786 warty1822 stumbling1859 c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxx. 105 The royde metis ar gevin to rude men and hate of complexioun. a1500 Mandeville's Trav. (Rawl.) (1953) 463 (MED) In that londe growen trees that bereth wolle, but it is gret and royde. a1540 (c1460) G. Hay tr. Bk. King Alexander 7464 His gowun was of a grete roid cameta. 1596 in Lett. & State Papers Reign James VI (1838) 11 Bisiking your hines to pardon my baldness and roid form in vretting sva langsomly. †II. Senses corresponding to rigid adj. 5. Stiff. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [adjective] > stiff unmeeka1250 unbuxomc1412 roid1477 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 33 The Geant roose also, but hit was not lightly, For his legges were Royde. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1978adj.a1400
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roidn.

Compounds

roidadj.