rockingn.¹

Brit.

/ˈrɒkɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈrɑkɪŋ/

Forms: see rock v.¹ and -ing suffix¹; also Scottish pre-1700 rokking.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock v.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rock v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.It is possible that in its earliest uses rocking tool n. at Compounds (and hence perhaps quot. 1841 at sense 2) shows rocking adj.

1. The action of gently swinging or swaying to and fro or from side to side; the action of causing something to move in this way. Also: an instance of this.In quot. a1398 with reference to the movement of loose teeth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > [noun] > rocking

rockinga1398

hobbling1535

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 46^v Þe passiouns of teeþ is diuers..as..brekinge & brusinge, hooles, rockinge & wagginge [L. motiones], & fallinge & watiringe and oþur suche.

1586 G. Pettie & B. Yong tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (rev. ed.) iv. f. 223^v It hath wrought euen so with you, as the rocking of y^e cradil to little children.

1647 H. Hexham Copious Eng. & Netherduytch Dict. A rocking of a child, een wieginghe.

1683 J. Bryantson Mutations of Seas 17 Its but a gentle Rocking of the Earth in the Centre from East to West, and west to east.

1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful iv. §23. 158 Rocking sets children to sleep better than absolute rest.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 299 Some branches..may not be sufficiently strong, and still others may be too much exposed to the rockings of the wind.

1814 W. Scott Diary 21 Aug. in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1837) III. vi. 220 Go to bed and sleep soundly, notwithstanding the rough rocking.

1873 T. Hardy Pair of Blue Eyes III. ii. 58 A rocking to and fro in the wind, when it is not too violent and cold, produces a soothing effect even upon the most highly-wrought mind.

1902 E. Banks Autobiogr. Newspaper Girl 26 I was awakened..by so violent a rocking of my bed that I was tumbled out upon the floor.

1946 E. Taylor Palladian ii. 15 The other people in the compartment eyed her in a drowsy, dully baleful way, jogging on, lulled into blankness of mind by the rocking of the train.

1990 N. Baker Room Temperature ii. 10 Perhaps it was this lumpily tangible chiasmus, rather than simple back-and-forth oscillation, that made the rocking of babies so effective.

1998 T. C. Boyle Riven Rock 306 The sun was warm and she relished the feeling of the oars in her hands, the spume, the rocking of the boat.

2. Engraving. The action or process of laying the ground for a mezzotint by roughening the surface of the plate with a rocker (rocker n.¹ 10d).Recorded earliest in rocking tool n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > engraving > intaglio printing > [noun] > mezzotint > scraping plate to produce ground

rocking1841

1841 T. H. Fielding Art of Engraving 57 A cradle, or rocking tool, which is the same shape as the shading tool, and is used in laying grounds.

1896 Daily News 16 Jan. 8/6 Those preliminaries of biting, rocking and other technicalities which have for so long deterred the painter from taking to etching or mezzotint-engraving.

1931 Brit. Mus. Q. 6 4 The portrait..has evidently been produced by the use of rocker and roulette, without that thorough rocking of the plate which is needed to produce a normal mezzotint ground.

1972 W. Chamberlain Thames & Hudson Man. Etching & Engraving xiii. 140 Hand rocking has always been, at best, an imperfect method of laying a ground.

3. Gold-mining. The action or process of using a cradle (cradle n. 14) to separate out gold from gravel, sand, etc. Cf. rocker n.¹ 10a. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > mining > [noun] > washing or streaming > for gold

gold washing1683

panning1838

pan-washing1850

rocking1850

ground-sluicing1857

gold panning1882

wash-up1890

blacksanding1906

1825 Gentleman's Mag. June 9/1 The cradle is now set to rocking, the gravel being occasionally stirred with an iron rake, until the coarse stones are entirely freed from the blue mud.]

1850 J. W. Audubon Western Jrnl. (1906) 202 The men began ‘rocking’ yesterday, one cradle, and get about a dollar an hour.

1859 Brit. Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 3 Apr. 2/1 The lowest sum named by any miner as the product of a day's rocking is three to five dollars.

1896 C. H. Shinn Story of Mine 42 We started to rocking with my water.

1949 C. M. Goethe What's in Name? 192 Hydraulic mining was invented to increase work ground not profitable by panning, rocking, even sluicing.

2000 L. J. Swindle Hist. Gold Discov. ii. 30 It was regarded as a great improvement in gold mining, but rocking was still hard work and monotonous.

4. The action or practice of playing or dancing to popular music with a heavy beat and strong rhythm, esp. (from the mid 1950s) rock 'n' roll, or rock music.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > dances to specific popular music > [noun]

rag dance1892

rag1899

jazzing1917

shey-sheyc1920

juking1937

boogie1940

rocking1948

rock 'n' rolling1956

rock 'n' roll1958

monkey1963

ska1964

boogaloo1965

rocksteady1967

reggae1968

skank1974

salsa1975

skanking1976

Macarena1995

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > [noun] > specific type of music

gibbeting1615

fuguing1694

serenading1797

hornpiping1864

ragging1899

jazzing1917

riffing1933

rocking1948

rock 'n' rolling1956

skiffling1957

rifferama1977

riffola1979

hip-hopping1987

riffage1991

1948 R. Brown (title of song) Good rockin' tonight.

1956 Newsweek 18 June 42/3 (heading) Rocking and rolling.

1974 Down Beat 18 July 38/2 The lyricism is as fervent as ever, but the rocking isn't... I don't mean..that the band ought to be rocking.

1990 Sky Mag. Apr. 38/1 All aboard for some robust traditional rocking from Australia's Midnight Oil.

Compounds

rocking tool n. Engraving = rocker n.¹ 10d.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > engraving > intaglio printing > [noun] > mezzotint > tools

scraper1747

cradle1788

grounding-tool?1790

rocking tool1841

rocker1875

1841Rocking tool [see sense 2].

1883 J. C. Smith Brit. Mezzotinto Portr. iv. ii. p. xxiii The cradle, or rocking-tool, the scraper, etc.

1996 A. Griffiths Prints & Printmaking (ed. 2) 85 The development of true mezzotint required the invention of the rocking tool.

rocking turn n. Figure-skating (now historical) = rocker n.¹ 11.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skating > [noun] > figure-skating > figure > specific figure or movement

spread eagle1823

Q1852

grapevine1868

loop1869

rocking turn1869

Mohawk1880

vine1891

bracket1892

Choctaw1892

counter1892

rocker1892

scud1892

three1895

toe-spin1921

death spiral1933

1869 H. E. Vandervell & T. M. Witham Syst. Figure-skating 219 After having exhausted the Q, I began to consider the feasibility of making the change direct from the inside forwards to inside backwards and vice versâ..by the employment of a kind of turn, for which..I can find no more simple..name than the ‘Rocking Turn’.

1892 T. M. Witham Figure Skating in J. M. Heathcote & C. G. Tebbutt Skating (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) iii. 107 In the rockers and counters (which figures used to be designated rocking turns and counter-rocking turns), although there is a change of direction the nature of the edge is preserved.

1989 D. Morrow & M. Keyes Conc. Hist. Sport in Canada 26 Included were the use of inside and outside edges, forward and backward rolls, changes, figure eights, figure threes, rocking turns, grapevines, toe- and flat-foot spins.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† rockingn.²

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: roching n.

Etymology: Probably an alteration of roching n., after rock n.¹

Obsolete. rare.

= roching n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > miscellaneous other processes

redintegrationa1550

decoction1555

fixion1555

cementation1592

fumigation1617

spiritualization1651

retortion1657

rocking1673

phosphorizationa1687

concentration1689

humectation1706

animalization1733

hyperoxygenation1793

bituminization1804

assimilation1830

metamorphosis1843

transformation1857

retorting1858

tincturation1860

regeneration1869

nitrification1880

diagenesis1886

aluminothermy1900

aluminothermics1902

photoprocess1910

olation1931

mass transfer1937

reconcentration1956

tritiation1961

borohydride reduction1965

1673 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words 141 Thence it is taken and cast into a pan, which they call the rocking pan; and there melted.

1854 Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 13 622 The formation of large masses of the alum..by..‘roaching’ or ‘rocking’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

rockingn.³

Brit.

/ˈrɒkɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈrɑkɪŋ/, Scottish English

/ˈrɔkɪŋ/,

/ˈrɔkɪn/

Forms: see rock n.² and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock n.², -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rock n.² + -ing suffix¹.

Scottish. Now historical and rare.

A gathering of women from neighbouring houses, usually in rural areas, to spin together and chat; (in extended use) any gathering of neighbours for the purpose of socializing or conviviality.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > social gathering > [noun] > gatherings for specific activity

apple paring1656

house raising1704

quilting1768

bee1769

sing-song1769

reading party1781

rocking1786

cotton-picking1795

rolling1819

picking bee1828

candy pulling1834

candy pull1845

taffy-join1854

barn-raising1856

taffy pulling1863

coffee shop1880

log-rolling1883

taffy pull1883

petting party1920

play date1975

1786 R. Burns Poems 196 On Fasteneen we had a rockin, To ca' the crack and weave our stockin.

1798 G. Burns in J. Currie Wks. Burns (1809) III. 377 It was at one of these rockings at our house..that Lapraik's song..was sung.

1825 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxiii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 751 A' sorts o' deevilry amang lads and lasses at rockin's and kirns.

1890 A. J. Armstrong Ingleside Musings & Tales 216 He still gaed to weddin's an' rockin's.

1900 C. Murray Hamewith 54 Maidens at the rockins span.

1908 A. Macrae Scotland viii. 110 The social gatherings called ‘rockings’, which were held perhaps in a barn, when the company was large.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† rockingn.⁴

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock n.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rock n.¹ + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier rockwork n. 3.

Obsolete.

A way of dressing stone to give the rough appearance of natural rock. Cf. rockwork n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > [noun] > dressing stone

scappling1473

droving1819

plain work1823

broaching1842

stone-dressing1845

ragging1850

straggling1850

drove work1851

rocking1856

scutching1861

skifflinga1877

1856 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. 395/1 Rockwork, or rocking,..is that mode in which the stone has an artificial roughness given to it to imitate the natural face of a rock.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

rockingadj.

Brit.

/ˈrɒkɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈrɑkɪŋ/

Forms: see rock v.¹ and -ing suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock v.¹, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < rock v.¹ + -ing suffix².

1. That rocks to and fro or from side to side; swaying, swinging. Also (chiefly poetic): that causes something to move in this way.In quots. a1398, 1495 with reference to the movement of loose teeth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > [adjective] > rocking

rockinga1398

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 201 Poudre þer of to feble teeþ and rokkyng strengþeþ and fastneþ hem.

1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) xvii. xc. 658 Mastyck..fastnyth waggynge and rockynge teeth.

1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 207 Nine months didste finishe quite, Then was, in time with dregs inough Thy rocking cradle dight.

1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 42 While rocking Winds are Piping loud.

1697 R. Blackmore King Arthur ix. 243 His Voice of Thunder do's his Wrath proclaim, And shakes affrighted Nature's rocking Frame.

1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 225 The rocking Town Supplants their Footsteps.

1792 J. Cobb Pirates ii. 13 The screaming sea bird..on the rocking turret sits, Th' exulting Dæmon of the storm.

1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms i. 109 The quiet voice of the rocking sea To cheer the gliding vision sings.

1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna ii. xiv. 39 And who shall stand Amid the rocking earthquake stedfast still?

1899 J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris I. 217 A stranger might well, from his rocking walk and ruddy complexion, have taken him for a Baltic sea-captain.

1937 G. Chapman Beckford 81 Venice and its islands, the square of St. Mark and the rocking gondolas.

1983 C. Tafolla in Revista Chicano-Riqueño 11 26 The rocking wind which lulls the child's tomb.

2001 Total DVD Feb. 147/1 A horizontal rocking motion of an image induced in the Telecine conversion from film to video.

2. Mechanics. Designating parts that move back and forth or up and down about a pivot, as rocking bar, rocking beam, rocking lever, rocking rod, rocking tree (cf. tree n. 3a), etc.

ΚΠ

1639–40 in R. Renwick Gleanings from Rec. Royal Burgh Peebles (1912) 251 For twa faddom towes to beir up the rocking-trie of the auld milne.

?1790 R. Sandilands Descr. Patent Instrument called Sward-cutter 3 A cylinder or segment of wood,..called a rocking tree, which goes across the frame, and moves on the pivots fixed into it.

1829 E. Galloway Hist. & Progr. Steam Engine 449 If a be connected to a rocking bar a e, which from its length, or its small angular motion, describes an arc g a, differing but little from a right line.

1836 L. Herbert Engineer's & Mechanic's Encycl. II. 260 An arrangement..by which the alternating rectilinear motion of the piston rod is made to work harmoniously with the alternating curvilinear motion of a rocking beam.

1841 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 4 187/2 A double lever on the rocking-shaft for working the valve.

1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 71 Three wheels gearing together are planted on the rocking bar.

1912 J. W. Wayland Hist. Rockingham County xxi. 384 The heavy batten..hung by two side bars and swung from an axle, or ‘rocking-tree’, at the top of the loom.

1935 Discovery Apr. 119/1 A rocking beam is usually brought into operation when it is required to drill to depths below 700 feet.

1963 A. Bird & F. Hutton-Stott Veteran Motor Car Pocketbk. 115 The Gobron engines differed from the Arrol-Johnston..in doing without the rocking-lever linkage.

1972 H. Catling in D. T. Jenkins & K. G. Ponting Wool Textile Industry Great Brit. viii. 109/2 The left [hand] was used to guide the yarn to the package by means of a rocking shaft.

2000 P. W. B. Semmens & A. J. Goldfinch How Steam Locomotives really Work iv. 133 A few of Bowen-Cooke's ‘Prince of Wales’ 4-6-0s were fitted with outside valve-gear which drove the inside valves by means of rocking-levers.

3. Prosody. Designating a foot consisting of a stressed syllable standing between two unstressed syllables, or a metre made up of feet of this kind. Cf. amphibrach n.The term was coined by Gerard Manley Hopkins with reference to sprung rhythm in his poems.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > metre > [adjective] > composed in feet > amphibrachic

amphibrachic1775

rockingc1883

c1883 G. M. Hopkins in Poems (1918) Pref. 1 If the stress is between two slacks there will be Rocking Feet and Rhythms.

1932 F. R. Leavis New Bearings in Eng. Poetry v. 167 Rocking Feet and Outriders will help no one to read his [sc. Hopkins's] verse.

1957 B. Deutsch Poetry Handbk. (1958) 130 When the stress falls between two unstressed syllables, as in this line of Swinburne's ‘Far oút to the shállows and stráits of the fúture, by roúgh ways or pleásant’, the rhythm is a rocking one.

1998 Poetics Today 19 542 Presumably a more accurate analysis of a sprung-rhythm poem, which has a mixture of rising, falling, and perhaps rocking feet, would emerge after a reader becomes familiar with a particular work.

4. Originally U.S.

a. Originally: designating a fast, vigorous rhythm in jazz, rhythm and blues, or other form of popular music, or a song or performance featuring such a rhythm. Later also: performed in the style of rock 'n' roll or rock music; (more generally) energetically and passionately played.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > proportion of notes or rhythm > [adjective] > type of rhythm

well-modulated1721

zoppa1740

bright1872

polymetric1878

swinging1884

ragtime1896

ragtimey1901

polymetrical1908

foot-tapping1915

toe-tapping1929

swingy1933

sewing machine1934

rocking1935

ricky-tick1939

raggedy1949

ricky-ticky1949

beaty1956

square1958

polymetred1966

head-nodding1967

1935 Down Beat Dec. 14/1 Helen Ward's rocking vocal marks the record as practically a jazz classic.

1937 G. Autry & J. Marvin Listen to Rhythm of Range (song) in Cowboy Songs (2005) 85 Dancin' to the rhythm of the range, reelin', rockin rhythm you can't change.

1942 Wisconsin State Jrnl. 30 Dec. 12/6 (advt.) Charlie Langford still rocking the town with his rocking rolling rhythm.

1949 Billboard 3 Dec. 108/2 Combo drives thru a rocking riffer, with a punching bary sax leading the way.

1954 Billboard 13 Nov. 98 Another spirited rhythmic side in which the lead singer soars out wild and free over the rocking beat provided by the rest of the group.

1959 G. Avakian in M. T. Williams Art of Jazz (1960) ix. 88 One of the fastest rocking blues ever made.

1968 Melody Maker 30 Nov. 6/6 A rocking version of B. B. King's ‘Sweet Sixteen’.

1976 Leicester Trader 24 Nov. 4/7 One rocking track called Winnebago even reminds me of..the opening track from Argent's second album.

1999 City Paper (Baltimore) 6 Jan. 23/2 A rockin' country tune and Saturday night got together like corn and pone for a lot of folks.

2009 Ottawa Sun (Nexis) 9 Feb. 15 McCartney performed a rocking version of I Saw Her Standing There at last night's ceremony.

b. colloquial. Designating a performer of rock 'n' roll or rock music; (also) designating a fan of such music. Usually with positive connotation.

ΚΠ

1953 N.Y. Amsterdam News 8 Aug. 26/5 Included in the group signed are Helen Thompson,..Wild Bill Moore and his rocking band, and Mary Frances Garham.

1964 Chicago Tribune 27 July 24/2 Red hot 'n' rockin' singer, Trini Lopez, debuting at Mister Kelly's.

1970 Crawdaddy 4 Mar. 24/4 What about all the rockin' chicks who feel like honoring the Kinks' fine drummer but would also like to enjoy full privileges of membership?

1995 Sugar Apr. 80/1 The rockin' rebel hell-raisers from the Forest of Dean..are re-inflicting themselves upon the unsuspecting public.

2009 Worcester News (Nexis) 9 June Rocking villagers are looking forward to a summer of music.

c. colloquial. Originally: (esp. of a nightclub or music venue) lively, popular, enjoyable. Later also more generally: excellent; fashionable, ‘cool’.

ΚΠ

1953 Pittsburgh Courier 10 Oct. 19/1 Got to dress up to be admitted to such rockin' places like the fabulous Blue Mirror where Al Dunn [is]..blowin' the windows through.

1964 Los Angeles Sentinel 24 Dec. c10/1 A ‘rockin'’ holiday season is in store for southland teenagers at the first annual ‘Live for Teens’ D. J. Carnival.

1994 Boston Globe (Nexis) 19 Mar. 23 His twin brother, James, is co-author of the rocking new insult book, ‘Snaps’.

2002 Time Out N.Y. 18 Apr. 41/1 Ony also serves rockin' rolls: the Firework version is a textural explosion of salmon roe and crunchy broom-cypress seeds.

2007 C. Holden Matala iv. 38 The great room, which in the new morning had transformed itself from a rocking club into a plain bland cafeteria.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹a1398

n.²1673

n.³1786

n.⁴1856

adj.a1398

单词	rocking
释义	rockingn.¹ Brit. /ˈrɒkɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈrɑkɪŋ/ Forms: see rock v.¹ and -ing suffix¹; also Scottish pre-1700 rokking. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock v.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rock v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.It is possible that in its earliest uses rocking tool n. at Compounds (and hence perhaps quot. 1841 at sense 2) shows rocking adj. 1. The action of gently swinging or swaying to and fro or from side to side; the action of causing something to move in this way. Also: an instance of this.In quot. a1398 with reference to the movement of loose teeth. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > [noun] > rocking rockinga1398 hobbling1535 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 46^v Þe passiouns of teeþ is diuers..as..brekinge & brusinge, hooles, rockinge & wagginge [L. motiones], & fallinge & watiringe and oþur suche. 1586 G. Pettie & B. Yong tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (rev. ed.) iv. f. 223^v It hath wrought euen so with you, as the rocking of y^e cradil to little children. 1647 H. Hexham Copious Eng. & Netherduytch Dict. A rocking of a child, een wieginghe. 1683 J. Bryantson Mutations of Seas 17 Its but a gentle Rocking of the Earth in the Centre from East to West, and west to east. 1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful iv. §23. 158 Rocking sets children to sleep better than absolute rest. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 299 Some branches..may not be sufficiently strong, and still others may be too much exposed to the rockings of the wind. 1814 W. Scott Diary 21 Aug. in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1837) III. vi. 220 Go to bed and sleep soundly, notwithstanding the rough rocking. 1873 T. Hardy Pair of Blue Eyes III. ii. 58 A rocking to and fro in the wind, when it is not too violent and cold, produces a soothing effect even upon the most highly-wrought mind. 1902 E. Banks Autobiogr. Newspaper Girl 26 I was awakened..by so violent a rocking of my bed that I was tumbled out upon the floor. 1946 E. Taylor Palladian ii. 15 The other people in the compartment eyed her in a drowsy, dully baleful way, jogging on, lulled into blankness of mind by the rocking of the train. 1990 N. Baker Room Temperature ii. 10 Perhaps it was this lumpily tangible chiasmus, rather than simple back-and-forth oscillation, that made the rocking of babies so effective. 1998 T. C. Boyle Riven Rock 306 The sun was warm and she relished the feeling of the oars in her hands, the spume, the rocking of the boat. 2. Engraving. The action or process of laying the ground for a mezzotint by roughening the surface of the plate with a rocker (rocker n.¹ 10d).Recorded earliest in rocking tool n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > engraving > intaglio printing > [noun] > mezzotint > scraping plate to produce ground rocking1841 1841 T. H. Fielding Art of Engraving 57 A cradle, or rocking tool, which is the same shape as the shading tool, and is used in laying grounds. 1896 Daily News 16 Jan. 8/6 Those preliminaries of biting, rocking and other technicalities which have for so long deterred the painter from taking to etching or mezzotint-engraving. 1931 Brit. Mus. Q. 6 4 The portrait..has evidently been produced by the use of rocker and roulette, without that thorough rocking of the plate which is needed to produce a normal mezzotint ground. 1972 W. Chamberlain Thames & Hudson Man. Etching & Engraving xiii. 140 Hand rocking has always been, at best, an imperfect method of laying a ground. 3. Gold-mining. The action or process of using a cradle (cradle n. 14) to separate out gold from gravel, sand, etc. Cf. rocker n.¹ 10a. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > mining > [noun] > washing or streaming > for gold gold washing1683 panning1838 pan-washing1850 rocking1850 ground-sluicing1857 gold panning1882 wash-up1890 blacksanding1906 1825 Gentleman's Mag. June 9/1 The cradle is now set to rocking, the gravel being occasionally stirred with an iron rake, until the coarse stones are entirely freed from the blue mud.] 1850 J. W. Audubon Western Jrnl. (1906) 202 The men began ‘rocking’ yesterday, one cradle, and get about a dollar an hour. 1859 Brit. Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 3 Apr. 2/1 The lowest sum named by any miner as the product of a day's rocking is three to five dollars. 1896 C. H. Shinn Story of Mine 42 We started to rocking with my water. 1949 C. M. Goethe What's in Name? 192 Hydraulic mining was invented to increase work ground not profitable by panning, rocking, even sluicing. 2000 L. J. Swindle Hist. Gold Discov. ii. 30 It was regarded as a great improvement in gold mining, but rocking was still hard work and monotonous. 4. The action or practice of playing or dancing to popular music with a heavy beat and strong rhythm, esp. (from the mid 1950s) rock 'n' roll, or rock music. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > dances to specific popular music > [noun] rag dance1892 rag1899 jazzing1917 shey-sheyc1920 juking1937 boogie1940 rocking1948 rock 'n' rolling1956 rock 'n' roll1958 monkey1963 ska1964 boogaloo1965 rocksteady1967 reggae1968 skank1974 salsa1975 skanking1976 Macarena1995 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > [noun] > specific type of music gibbeting1615 fuguing1694 serenading1797 hornpiping1864 ragging1899 jazzing1917 riffing1933 rocking1948 rock 'n' rolling1956 skiffling1957 rifferama1977 riffola1979 hip-hopping1987 riffage1991 1948 R. Brown (title of song) Good rockin' tonight. 1956 Newsweek 18 June 42/3 (heading) Rocking and rolling. 1974 Down Beat 18 July 38/2 The lyricism is as fervent as ever, but the rocking isn't... I don't mean..that the band ought to be rocking. 1990 Sky Mag. Apr. 38/1 All aboard for some robust traditional rocking from Australia's Midnight Oil. Compounds rocking tool n. Engraving = rocker n.¹ 10d. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > engraving > intaglio printing > [noun] > mezzotint > tools scraper1747 cradle1788 grounding-tool?1790 rocking tool1841 rocker1875 1841Rocking tool [see sense 2]. 1883 J. C. Smith Brit. Mezzotinto Portr. iv. ii. p. xxiii The cradle, or rocking-tool, the scraper, etc. 1996 A. Griffiths Prints & Printmaking (ed. 2) 85 The development of true mezzotint required the invention of the rocking tool. rocking turn n. Figure-skating (now historical) = rocker n.¹ 11. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skating > [noun] > figure-skating > figure > specific figure or movement spread eagle1823 Q1852 grapevine1868 loop1869 rocking turn1869 Mohawk1880 vine1891 bracket1892 Choctaw1892 counter1892 rocker1892 scud1892 three1895 toe-spin1921 death spiral1933 1869 H. E. Vandervell & T. M. Witham Syst. Figure-skating 219 After having exhausted the Q, I began to consider the feasibility of making the change direct from the inside forwards to inside backwards and vice versâ..by the employment of a kind of turn, for which..I can find no more simple..name than the ‘Rocking Turn’. 1892 T. M. Witham Figure Skating in J. M. Heathcote & C. G. Tebbutt Skating (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) iii. 107 In the rockers and counters (which figures used to be designated rocking turns and counter-rocking turns), although there is a change of direction the nature of the edge is preserved. 1989 D. Morrow & M. Keyes Conc. Hist. Sport in Canada 26 Included were the use of inside and outside edges, forward and backward rolls, changes, figure eights, figure threes, rocking turns, grapevines, toe- and flat-foot spins. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † rockingn.² Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: roching n. Etymology: Probably an alteration of roching n., after rock n.¹ Obsolete. rare. = roching n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > miscellaneous other processes redintegrationa1550 decoction1555 fixion1555 cementation1592 fumigation1617 spiritualization1651 retortion1657 rocking1673 phosphorizationa1687 concentration1689 humectation1706 animalization1733 hyperoxygenation1793 bituminization1804 assimilation1830 metamorphosis1843 transformation1857 retorting1858 tincturation1860 regeneration1869 nitrification1880 diagenesis1886 aluminothermy1900 aluminothermics1902 photoprocess1910 olation1931 mass transfer1937 reconcentration1956 tritiation1961 borohydride reduction1965 1673 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words 141 Thence it is taken and cast into a pan, which they call the rocking pan; and there melted. 1854 Pharm. Jrnl. & Trans. 13 622 The formation of large masses of the alum..by..‘roaching’ or ‘rocking’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2020). rockingn.³ Brit. /ˈrɒkɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈrɑkɪŋ/, Scottish English /ˈrɔkɪŋ/, /ˈrɔkɪn/ Forms: see rock n.² and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock n.², -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rock n.² + -ing suffix¹. Scottish. Now historical and rare. A gathering of women from neighbouring houses, usually in rural areas, to spin together and chat; (in extended use) any gathering of neighbours for the purpose of socializing or conviviality. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > social gathering > [noun] > gatherings for specific activity apple paring1656 house raising1704 quilting1768 bee1769 sing-song1769 reading party1781 rocking1786 cotton-picking1795 rolling1819 picking bee1828 candy pulling1834 candy pull1845 taffy-join1854 barn-raising1856 taffy pulling1863 coffee shop1880 log-rolling1883 taffy pull1883 petting party1920 play date1975 1786 R. Burns Poems 196 On Fasteneen we had a rockin, To ca' the crack and weave our stockin. 1798 G. Burns in J. Currie Wks. Burns (1809) III. 377 It was at one of these rockings at our house..that Lapraik's song..was sung. 1825 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxiii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 751 A' sorts o' deevilry amang lads and lasses at rockin's and kirns. 1890 A. J. Armstrong Ingleside Musings & Tales 216 He still gaed to weddin's an' rockin's. 1900 C. Murray Hamewith 54 Maidens at the rockins span. 1908 A. Macrae Scotland viii. 110 The social gatherings called ‘rockings’, which were held perhaps in a barn, when the company was large. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † rockingn.⁴ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock n.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rock n.¹ + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier rockwork n. 3. Obsolete. A way of dressing stone to give the rough appearance of natural rock. Cf. rockwork n. 3. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > [noun] > dressing stone scappling1473 droving1819 plain work1823 broaching1842 stone-dressing1845 ragging1850 straggling1850 drove work1851 rocking1856 scutching1861 skifflinga1877 1856 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. 395/1 Rockwork, or rocking,..is that mode in which the stone has an artificial roughness given to it to imitate the natural face of a rock. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2019). rockingadj. Brit. /ˈrɒkɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈrɑkɪŋ/ Forms: see rock v.¹ and -ing suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock v.¹, -ing suffix². Etymology: < rock v.¹ + -ing suffix². 1. That rocks to and fro or from side to side; swaying, swinging. Also (chiefly poetic): that causes something to move in this way.In quots. a1398, 1495 with reference to the movement of loose teeth. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > [adjective] > rocking rockinga1398 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 201 Poudre þer of to feble teeþ and rokkyng strengþeþ and fastneþ hem. 1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) xvii. xc. 658 Mastyck..fastnyth waggynge and rockynge teeth. 1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 207 Nine months didste finishe quite, Then was, in time with dregs inough Thy rocking cradle dight. 1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 42 While rocking Winds are Piping loud. 1697 R. Blackmore King Arthur ix. 243 His Voice of Thunder do's his Wrath proclaim, And shakes affrighted Nature's rocking Frame. 1708 J. Philips Cyder i. 225 The rocking Town Supplants their Footsteps. 1792 J. Cobb Pirates ii. 13 The screaming sea bird..on the rocking turret sits, Th' exulting Dæmon of the storm. 1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms i. 109 The quiet voice of the rocking sea To cheer the gliding vision sings. 1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna ii. xiv. 39 And who shall stand Amid the rocking earthquake stedfast still? 1899 J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris I. 217 A stranger might well, from his rocking walk and ruddy complexion, have taken him for a Baltic sea-captain. 1937 G. Chapman Beckford 81 Venice and its islands, the square of St. Mark and the rocking gondolas. 1983 C. Tafolla in Revista Chicano-Riqueño 11 26 The rocking wind which lulls the child's tomb. 2001 Total DVD Feb. 147/1 A horizontal rocking motion of an image induced in the Telecine conversion from film to video. 2. Mechanics. Designating parts that move back and forth or up and down about a pivot, as rocking bar, rocking beam, rocking lever, rocking rod, rocking tree (cf. tree n. 3a), etc. ΚΠ 1639–40 in R. Renwick Gleanings from Rec. Royal Burgh Peebles (1912) 251 For twa faddom towes to beir up the rocking-trie of the auld milne. ?1790 R. Sandilands Descr. Patent Instrument called Sward-cutter 3 A cylinder or segment of wood,..called a rocking tree, which goes across the frame, and moves on the pivots fixed into it. 1829 E. Galloway Hist. & Progr. Steam Engine 449 If a be connected to a rocking bar a e, which from its length, or its small angular motion, describes an arc g a, differing but little from a right line. 1836 L. Herbert Engineer's & Mechanic's Encycl. II. 260 An arrangement..by which the alternating rectilinear motion of the piston rod is made to work harmoniously with the alternating curvilinear motion of a rocking beam. 1841 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 4 187/2 A double lever on the rocking-shaft for working the valve. 1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 71 Three wheels gearing together are planted on the rocking bar. 1912 J. W. Wayland Hist. Rockingham County xxi. 384 The heavy batten..hung by two side bars and swung from an axle, or ‘rocking-tree’, at the top of the loom. 1935 Discovery Apr. 119/1 A rocking beam is usually brought into operation when it is required to drill to depths below 700 feet. 1963 A. Bird & F. Hutton-Stott Veteran Motor Car Pocketbk. 115 The Gobron engines differed from the Arrol-Johnston..in doing without the rocking-lever linkage. 1972 H. Catling in D. T. Jenkins & K. G. Ponting Wool Textile Industry Great Brit. viii. 109/2 The left [hand] was used to guide the yarn to the package by means of a rocking shaft. 2000 P. W. B. Semmens & A. J. Goldfinch How Steam Locomotives really Work iv. 133 A few of Bowen-Cooke's ‘Prince of Wales’ 4-6-0s were fitted with outside valve-gear which drove the inside valves by means of rocking-levers. 3. Prosody. Designating a foot consisting of a stressed syllable standing between two unstressed syllables, or a metre made up of feet of this kind. Cf. amphibrach n.The term was coined by Gerard Manley Hopkins with reference to sprung rhythm in his poems. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > metre > [adjective] > composed in feet > amphibrachic amphibrachic1775 rockingc1883 c1883 G. M. Hopkins in Poems (1918) Pref. 1 If the stress is between two slacks there will be Rocking Feet and Rhythms. 1932 F. R. Leavis New Bearings in Eng. Poetry v. 167 Rocking Feet and Outriders will help no one to read his [sc. Hopkins's] verse. 1957 B. Deutsch Poetry Handbk. (1958) 130 When the stress falls between two unstressed syllables, as in this line of Swinburne's ‘Far oút to the shállows and stráits of the fúture, by roúgh ways or pleásant’, the rhythm is a rocking one. 1998 Poetics Today 19 542 Presumably a more accurate analysis of a sprung-rhythm poem, which has a mixture of rising, falling, and perhaps rocking feet, would emerge after a reader becomes familiar with a particular work. 4. Originally U.S. a. Originally: designating a fast, vigorous rhythm in jazz, rhythm and blues, or other form of popular music, or a song or performance featuring such a rhythm. Later also: performed in the style of rock 'n' roll or rock music; (more generally) energetically and passionately played. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > proportion of notes or rhythm > [adjective] > type of rhythm well-modulated1721 zoppa1740 bright1872 polymetric1878 swinging1884 ragtime1896 ragtimey1901 polymetrical1908 foot-tapping1915 toe-tapping1929 swingy1933 sewing machine1934 rocking1935 ricky-tick1939 raggedy1949 ricky-ticky1949 beaty1956 square1958 polymetred1966 head-nodding1967 1935 Down Beat Dec. 14/1 Helen Ward's rocking vocal marks the record as practically a jazz classic. 1937 G. Autry & J. Marvin Listen to Rhythm of Range (song) in Cowboy Songs (2005) 85 Dancin' to the rhythm of the range, reelin', rockin rhythm you can't change. 1942 Wisconsin State Jrnl. 30 Dec. 12/6 (advt.) Charlie Langford still rocking the town with his rocking rolling rhythm. 1949 Billboard 3 Dec. 108/2 Combo drives thru a rocking riffer, with a punching bary sax leading the way. 1954 Billboard 13 Nov. 98 Another spirited rhythmic side in which the lead singer soars out wild and free over the rocking beat provided by the rest of the group. 1959 G. Avakian in M. T. Williams Art of Jazz (1960) ix. 88 One of the fastest rocking blues ever made. 1968 Melody Maker 30 Nov. 6/6 A rocking version of B. B. King's ‘Sweet Sixteen’. 1976 Leicester Trader 24 Nov. 4/7 One rocking track called Winnebago even reminds me of..the opening track from Argent's second album. 1999 City Paper (Baltimore) 6 Jan. 23/2 A rockin' country tune and Saturday night got together like corn and pone for a lot of folks. 2009 Ottawa Sun (Nexis) 9 Feb. 15 McCartney performed a rocking version of I Saw Her Standing There at last night's ceremony. b. colloquial. Designating a performer of rock 'n' roll or rock music; (also) designating a fan of such music. Usually with positive connotation. ΚΠ 1953 N.Y. Amsterdam News 8 Aug. 26/5 Included in the group signed are Helen Thompson,..Wild Bill Moore and his rocking band, and Mary Frances Garham. 1964 Chicago Tribune 27 July 24/2 Red hot 'n' rockin' singer, Trini Lopez, debuting at Mister Kelly's. 1970 Crawdaddy 4 Mar. 24/4 What about all the rockin' chicks who feel like honoring the Kinks' fine drummer but would also like to enjoy full privileges of membership? 1995 Sugar Apr. 80/1 The rockin' rebel hell-raisers from the Forest of Dean..are re-inflicting themselves upon the unsuspecting public. 2009 Worcester News (Nexis) 9 June Rocking villagers are looking forward to a summer of music. c. colloquial. Originally: (esp. of a nightclub or music venue) lively, popular, enjoyable. Later also more generally: excellent; fashionable, ‘cool’. ΚΠ 1953 Pittsburgh Courier 10 Oct. 19/1 Got to dress up to be admitted to such rockin' places like the fabulous Blue Mirror where Al Dunn [is]..blowin' the windows through. 1964 Los Angeles Sentinel 24 Dec. c10/1 A ‘rockin'’ holiday season is in store for southland teenagers at the first annual ‘Live for Teens’ D. J. Carnival. 1994 Boston Globe (Nexis) 19 Mar. 23 His twin brother, James, is co-author of the rocking new insult book, ‘Snaps’. 2002 Time Out N.Y. 18 Apr. 41/1 Ony also serves rockin' rolls: the Firework version is a textural explosion of salmon roe and crunchy broom-cypress seeds. 2007 C. Holden Matala iv. 38 The great room, which in the new morning had transformed itself from a rocking club into a plain bland cafeteria. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1398n.²1673n.³1786n.⁴1856adj.a1398
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rockingn.1

Compounds

† rockingn.2

rockingn.3

† rockingn.4

rockingadj.

rockingn.¹

† rockingn.²

rockingn.³

† rockingn.⁴