Roman cementn.

Brit.

/ˌrəʊmən sᵻˈmɛnt/, U.S.

/ˌroʊmən səˈmɛnt/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Roman adj.¹, cement n.

Etymology: < Roman adj.¹ + cement n. Compare French †ciment des Romains (1774 in the passage translated in quot. 1774, or earlier), ciment romain (1835).

Now chiefly historical.

1. Hydraulic cement used by the Romans, made from pozzolana. Cf. hydraulic cement at hydraulic adj. 3, pozzolana cement n. at pozzolana n. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > cement or mortar > [noun] > other kinds of cement or mortar

maltha?1440

testacyec1440

putty1472

tarras1612

natural cement1753

Roman cement1768

sand mortar1775

Roman cement1800

Parker's cement1811

mastic cement1815

gauge-stuff1823

Portland cement1824

putty cement1825

rust cement1830

matrix1838

terro-cement1838

rust1839

swish1863

Coaguline1868

albolith1870

dagga1878

mastic1881

tripolith1882

grappier1897

pozzolana cement1905

Ciment Fondu1924

snowcrete1928

soil-cement1936

1768 H. Downman Land of Muses xxxvii. 13 Ne was there ir'n,..Ne Roman cement, ne Asphaltile slime, To bind the parts.

1771 J. Whitaker Hist. Manch. I. v. 147 The dimensions were then traceable by the eyes, and the wall of it with a red coat of Roman cement hard as brick.

1774 tr. A.-J. Loriot Pract. Ess. Cement 6 Another of the extraordinary qualities of this Roman cement [Fr. ciment des Romains] is its being impenetrable to water.

1777 Monthly Rev. Dec. 437 This obliges him to take notice of the old Roman cement, so remarkable for its hardness and durability.

1793 W. Roberts Looker-on No. 58. 462 It is a modern structure built with Roman brick and Roman cement.

1910 G. P. Merrill Non-metallic Minerals (ed. 2) v. 144 The original Roman cement appears to have been made from an admixture of volcanic ash or sand..and lime.

1944 Hesperia 13 27 ‘Macedonian’ grave monument..; traces of Roman cement on right side.

1977 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) July 82/2 The high quality of Roman cements, which is evident in the number and solidity of the Roman structures still standing, was due in large measure to the added discovery that lime mixed with reactive siliceous material..gave a cement that developed superior strength and water resistance.

2. Any of various fast-setting hydraulic cements made by the addition of chalky or clayey matter to water and lime or sand. Cf. Parker's cement n.The first modern Roman cement was that made by James Parker of Northfleet, Kent, by grinding and calcining septaria found on the beach on the Isle of Sheppey (to which water was added to make the cement), and patented in 1796 ( Brit. Patent 2120); the name does not appear in the specification of the patent, but is used in an advertising circular published soon afterwards (quot. c1800).

1811 Repertory of Arts 2nd Ser. 18 330 (heading) Specification of the patent granted to James Parker, of Northfleet, in the county of Kent,..for a cement or terras to be used in aquatic and other buildings, and stucco-work. Dated June 28, 1796.—Term expired.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > cement or mortar > [noun] > other kinds of cement or mortar

maltha?1440

testacyec1440

putty1472

tarras1612

natural cement1753

Roman cement1768

sand mortar1775

Roman cement1800

Parker's cement1811

mastic cement1815

gauge-stuff1823

Portland cement1824

putty cement1825

rust cement1830

matrix1838

terro-cement1838

rust1839

swish1863

Coaguline1868

albolith1870

dagga1878

mastic1881

tripolith1882

grappier1897

pozzolana cement1905

Ciment Fondu1924

snowcrete1928

soil-cement1936

1800 Times 26 June 2/2 (advt.) Roman cement and stucco.—Messrs. Parker and Co. Bankside, Southwark, prepare a Cement for building, which sets within an hour.

c1800 Circular (Parker & Co.) (heading) Roman cement, artificial terras, and stucco.

1810 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 497 That the west Part [of Trinity Coll.]..be new fronted with Roman Cement.

1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 245/1 When used as stucco, this lime is certainly superior to Roman cement.

1910 G. P. Merrill Non-metallic Minerals (ed. 2) v. 144 The original Roman cement appears to have been made from an admixture of volcanic ash or sand..and lime... The English Roman cement is made by calcining septarian nodules.

1913 S. Shedd Cement Materials & Industry State of Washington iv. 67 In 1810 Edgar Dobbs..obtained a patent for the manufacture of Roman cement by mixing carbonate of lime and clay.

1970 H. Braun Parish Churches xix. 223 Roman cement is difficult to procure, but an admixture of lime with the Portland cement will help to improve the colour.

2003 D. Cadbury Seven Wonders Industr. World (2004) iv. 183 The more acceptable option was Roman cement, which had been used to lay brickwork on most large engineering projects including Brunel's Thames Tunnel.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	roman cement
释义	Roman cementn. Brit. /ˌrəʊmən sᵻˈmɛnt/, U.S. /ˌroʊmən səˈmɛnt/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Roman adj.¹, cement n. Etymology: < Roman adj.¹ + cement n. Compare French †ciment des Romains (1774 in the passage translated in quot. 1774, or earlier), ciment romain (1835). Now chiefly historical. 1. Hydraulic cement used by the Romans, made from pozzolana. Cf. hydraulic cement at hydraulic adj. 3, pozzolana cement n. at pozzolana n. Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > cement or mortar > [noun] > other kinds of cement or mortar maltha?1440 testacyec1440 putty1472 tarras1612 natural cement1753 Roman cement1768 sand mortar1775 Roman cement1800 Parker's cement1811 mastic cement1815 gauge-stuff1823 Portland cement1824 putty cement1825 rust cement1830 matrix1838 terro-cement1838 rust1839 swish1863 Coaguline1868 albolith1870 dagga1878 mastic1881 tripolith1882 grappier1897 pozzolana cement1905 Ciment Fondu1924 snowcrete1928 soil-cement1936 1768 H. Downman Land of Muses xxxvii. 13 Ne was there ir'n,..Ne Roman cement, ne Asphaltile slime, To bind the parts. 1771 J. Whitaker Hist. Manch. I. v. 147 The dimensions were then traceable by the eyes, and the wall of it with a red coat of Roman cement hard as brick. 1774 tr. A.-J. Loriot Pract. Ess. Cement 6 Another of the extraordinary qualities of this Roman cement [Fr. ciment des Romains] is its being impenetrable to water. 1777 Monthly Rev. Dec. 437 This obliges him to take notice of the old Roman cement, so remarkable for its hardness and durability. 1793 W. Roberts Looker-on No. 58. 462 It is a modern structure built with Roman brick and Roman cement. 1910 G. P. Merrill Non-metallic Minerals (ed. 2) v. 144 The original Roman cement appears to have been made from an admixture of volcanic ash or sand..and lime. 1944 Hesperia 13 27 ‘Macedonian’ grave monument..; traces of Roman cement on right side. 1977 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) July 82/2 The high quality of Roman cements, which is evident in the number and solidity of the Roman structures still standing, was due in large measure to the added discovery that lime mixed with reactive siliceous material..gave a cement that developed superior strength and water resistance. 2. Any of various fast-setting hydraulic cements made by the addition of chalky or clayey matter to water and lime or sand. Cf. Parker's cement n.The first modern Roman cement was that made by James Parker of Northfleet, Kent, by grinding and calcining septaria found on the beach on the Isle of Sheppey (to which water was added to make the cement), and patented in 1796 ( Brit. Patent 2120); the name does not appear in the specification of the patent, but is used in an advertising circular published soon afterwards (quot. c1800). 1811 Repertory of Arts 2nd Ser. 18 330 (heading) Specification of the patent granted to James Parker, of Northfleet, in the county of Kent,..for a cement or terras to be used in aquatic and other buildings, and stucco-work. Dated June 28, 1796.—Term expired. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > cement or mortar > [noun] > other kinds of cement or mortar maltha?1440 testacyec1440 putty1472 tarras1612 natural cement1753 Roman cement1768 sand mortar1775 Roman cement1800 Parker's cement1811 mastic cement1815 gauge-stuff1823 Portland cement1824 putty cement1825 rust cement1830 matrix1838 terro-cement1838 rust1839 swish1863 Coaguline1868 albolith1870 dagga1878 mastic1881 tripolith1882 grappier1897 pozzolana cement1905 Ciment Fondu1924 snowcrete1928 soil-cement1936 1800 Times 26 June 2/2 (advt.) Roman cement and stucco.—Messrs. Parker and Co. Bankside, Southwark, prepare a Cement for building, which sets within an hour. c1800 Circular (Parker & Co.) (heading) Roman cement, artificial terras, and stucco. 1810 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 497 That the west Part [of Trinity Coll.]..be new fronted with Roman Cement. 1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 245/1 When used as stucco, this lime is certainly superior to Roman cement. 1910 G. P. Merrill Non-metallic Minerals (ed. 2) v. 144 The original Roman cement appears to have been made from an admixture of volcanic ash or sand..and lime... The English Roman cement is made by calcining septarian nodules. 1913 S. Shedd Cement Materials & Industry State of Washington iv. 67 In 1810 Edgar Dobbs..obtained a patent for the manufacture of Roman cement by mixing carbonate of lime and clay. 1970 H. Braun Parish Churches xix. 223 Roman cement is difficult to procure, but an admixture of lime with the Portland cement will help to improve the colour. 2003 D. Cadbury Seven Wonders Industr. World (2004) iv. 183 The more acceptable option was Roman cement, which had been used to lay brickwork on most large engineering projects including Brunel's Thames Tunnel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1768
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