rotulen.

Brit.

/ˈrɒtjuːl/,

/ˈrɒtʃuːl/, U.S.

/ˈrɑtjul/,

/ˈrɑˌtʃul/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin rotula , rotula n.

Etymology: In sense 1 < classical Latin rotula, in post-classical Latin sense ‘kneecap’ (see rotula n.). In sense 2 probably an alteration of rotula n.; in sense 2b after French rotule (see rotula n.). Compare the Romance forms cited at rotula n.

1. Anatomy. The patella (kneecap); = rotula n. 1. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of arm or leg > bones of leg > [noun] > knee-cap

eye of the kneea1400

rotulaa1400

knee-pan14..

whirling-bone14..

knee-bonec1410

pan?a1425

rotule?a1425

rowel?a1425

whirl-bone1530

patel1552

shive1598

kneeshive1599

lid of the knee1632

patella1634

cap1767

kneecap1869

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 5^v Of dislocacioun of þe knee & of rotule [?c1425 Paris the rollynge bone], i. knebone, & of partiez of þe fote.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 101^v (MED) The rotule of þe knee is seldom broken, bot it is ofte brissed.

1565 J. Hall Anat. 5th Pt. i. 86 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. In Englishe the rotule of the knee: whose offyce is to defende the ioynte, and to make the mouinge therof the more easy.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 33 A common cauitie, wherein lyeth the hole, or rotule of the knee.

1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate sig. Z4 It is best to take off the legge some foure inches below the lower end of the rotule, or round bone of the knee.

1840 W. E. Horner Treat. Special & Gen. Anat. (ed. 5) I. 222 (heading) Of the patella (rotule).

1914 Med. & Surg. Rep. Episcopal Hosp. 2 211 Desquin writes of a man..who in making a jump to a trapeze, missed and fell to the floor. Transverse fracture of both rotules with separation of the fragments.

2. Zoology.

a. A circular structure forming the end of some sponge spicules, often convex and with a notched or hooked margin. Cf. rotula n. 4b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Holothurioidea > member of (sea-cucumber) > parts of > calcareous formation in integument

rotula1858

wheel-spicule1877

rotule1882

1882 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12 The birotulate spicules.., as compared with those of any other described sponges, and with the diameter of their own rotules, are relatively very long.

1918 H. B. Ward & G. C. Whipple Fresh-water Biol. 311 (caption) End view of rotule formed of hooked rays.

1989 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 108 212 We only found five gemmules of E[phydatia] fluviatilis in a single cluster... The spines on the shaft and in the rotules had small microspines.

b. = rotula n. 4a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Echinoidea > member of (sea-urchin) > parts of > piece forming oral skeleton

rotula1854

rotule1955

1955 L. H. Hyman Invertebrates IV. ix. 463 On the aboral surface of the lantern..there radiate from the esophagus..five slender pieces called compasses, and beneath them five more, somewhat stouter pieces, the rotules.

1975 Amer. Zoologist 15 731/1 The jaw apparatus, or Aristotle's lantern, with some 40 ossicles, including demipyramids, epiphyses, compasses, rotules, and teeth.

1990 Paleobiology 16 36/2 The Aristotle's lantern of clypeasterines and scutellines has a small but well-defined rotule between the supra-alveolar processes of adjacent pyramids.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rotule
释义	rotulen. Brit. /ˈrɒtjuːl/, /ˈrɒtʃuːl/, U.S. /ˈrɑtjul/, /ˈrɑˌtʃul/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin rotula , rotula n. Etymology: In sense 1 < classical Latin rotula, in post-classical Latin sense ‘kneecap’ (see rotula n.). In sense 2 probably an alteration of rotula n.; in sense 2b after French rotule (see rotula n.). Compare the Romance forms cited at rotula n. 1. Anatomy. The patella (kneecap); = rotula n. 1. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of arm or leg > bones of leg > [noun] > knee-cap eye of the kneea1400 rotulaa1400 knee-pan14.. whirling-bone14.. knee-bonec1410 pan?a1425 rotule?a1425 rowel?a1425 whirl-bone1530 patel1552 shive1598 kneeshive1599 lid of the knee1632 patella1634 cap1767 kneecap1869 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 5^v Of dislocacioun of þe knee & of rotule [?c1425 Paris the rollynge bone], i. knebone, & of partiez of þe fote. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 101^v (MED) The rotule of þe knee is seldom broken, bot it is ofte brissed. 1565 J. Hall Anat. 5th Pt. i. 86 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. In Englishe the rotule of the knee: whose offyce is to defende the ioynte, and to make the mouinge therof the more easy. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 33 A common cauitie, wherein lyeth the hole, or rotule of the knee. 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate sig. Z4 It is best to take off the legge some foure inches below the lower end of the rotule, or round bone of the knee. 1840 W. E. Horner Treat. Special & Gen. Anat. (ed. 5) I. 222 (heading) Of the patella (rotule). 1914 Med. & Surg. Rep. Episcopal Hosp. 2 211 Desquin writes of a man..who in making a jump to a trapeze, missed and fell to the floor. Transverse fracture of both rotules with separation of the fragments. 2. Zoology. a. A circular structure forming the end of some sponge spicules, often convex and with a notched or hooked margin. Cf. rotula n. 4b. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Holothurioidea > member of (sea-cucumber) > parts of > calcareous formation in integument rotula1858 wheel-spicule1877 rotule1882 1882 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12 The birotulate spicules.., as compared with those of any other described sponges, and with the diameter of their own rotules, are relatively very long. 1918 H. B. Ward & G. C. Whipple Fresh-water Biol. 311 (caption) End view of rotule formed of hooked rays. 1989 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 108 212 We only found five gemmules of E[phydatia] fluviatilis in a single cluster... The spines on the shaft and in the rotules had small microspines. b. = rotula n. 4a. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Echinoidea > member of (sea-urchin) > parts of > piece forming oral skeleton rotula1854 rotule1955 1955 L. H. Hyman Invertebrates IV. ix. 463 On the aboral surface of the lantern..there radiate from the esophagus..five slender pieces called compasses, and beneath them five more, somewhat stouter pieces, the rotules. 1975 Amer. Zoologist 15 731/1 The jaw apparatus, or Aristotle's lantern, with some 40 ossicles, including demipyramids, epiphyses, compasses, rotules, and teeth. 1990 Paleobiology 16 36/2 The Aristotle's lantern of clypeasterines and scutellines has a small but well-defined rotule between the supra-alveolar processes of adjacent pyramids. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
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