rotundan.

Brit.

/rə(ʊ)ˈtʌndə/, U.S.

/roʊˈtəndə/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin; originally modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymon: Latin rotunda.

Etymology: < classical Latin rotunda (in Sancta Maria Rotunda , the name of a church occupying the building of the Pantheon in Rome (12th cent or earlier)), feminine of rotundus rotund adj., originally after Italian rotonda, noun (see rotonda n.). Compare post-classical Latin rotunda (noun) circle (5th cent.), Middle French, French rotonde (see rotonda n.). Compare later rotonda n. and rotundo n. With sense 1b compare earlier rotundo n. 1 and rotund n. 2.

a. Chiefly with capital initial. (The name of) any of various circular buildings (cf. sense 1b); (in early use) spec. the Pantheon at Rome (see pantheon n. 1a). Cf. rotonda n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [noun] > of all gods > Pantheon

rotunda?1566

pantheon1586

rotonda1620

pantheum1712

c1450 J. Capgrave Solace of Pilgrims (Bodl. 423) (1911) 157 There is a cherch in rome whech was clepid sumtyme pantheon; now it is clepid sancta maria rotunda..for it is a round hous.]

?1566 W. P. tr. C. S. Curio Pasquine in Traunce f. 47^v Beholde the Rotunda [It. Rotonda], which in the olde time was called Pantheon (bicause it was the dwelling house of al the Gods).

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. xxxix. 187 The Dome.., which is much like the Dome of the Rotunda [Fr. Rotonde] at Rome.

1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 176 After having survey'd this Dome, I went to see the Rotunda, which is generally said to have been the Model of it.

1776 Ann. Reg. 1775 i. 217/1 A temporary octagon kind of building, erected about 20 yards below the rotunda [at Ranelagh].

1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 186/2 The Rotunda or Church of Santa Maria Maggiore at Nocera.

1897 Archit. Rec. 7 248 The Rotunda, like nearly all Palladio's constructions, was not finished by its architect.

1953 Life 8 June 67/1 The Ford Motor Co. longed to enclose the open center section of its famed Rotunda..for display purposes.

2007 A. Enright Gathering (2008) v. 35 Conways is dark. They circle the Rotunda and stop back on Parnell Street.

b. A building which is circular both inside and out, esp. one with a dome. Cf. rotundo n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > building of specific shape > [noun]

quadrangle1596

rotund1606

rotundo1614

camera1633

rotunda1648

tholosc1660

umbrella1680

octagon1767

round tower1790

cone1791

flat-iron1862

tetragon1884

tempietto1896

tetrapylon1904

igloo1956

shoebox1968

1648 J. Raymond Itinerary Voy. Italy 80 On the one side is a little Rotunda, coverd with Lead, wherein is the Font, or Baptistarie of Constantin.

a1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 337 Virgils Sepulchre, erected on a very steepe rock, in forme of a Small rotunda, or cupulated Columne.

1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. xliii. 292 These edifices are rotundas of about thirty feet diameter.

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 393 The Temple of Vesta..is a pretty rotunda.

1814 P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 116 A grand and fine-built rotunda for wheat and flour.

1863 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Greece & Greeks II. xiv. 103 We were conducted through a garden into a large rotunda, with an arched roof.

a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) II. 232 The Pantheon is..a simple rotunda.

1922 ‘K. Mansfield’ Garden Party 24 The bandsmen sitting in the green rotunda blew out their cheeks and glared at the music.

1946 T. H. White Mistress Masham's Repose i. 9 She lived in an enormous house..surrounded by Vistas, Obelisks, Pyramids, Columns, Temples, Rotundas, and Palladian Bridges.

2003 Lancs. Life Mar. 120/1 Alongside the main building will be a rotunda that will include..a space for poetry readings.

c. In extended use. Something which is round or rounded in form; a circular space or expanse.With quot. 1827 cf. rotundo n. 3.

ΚΠ

1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 116. ⁋1 It..covered the whole Court of Judicature with a kind of Silken Rotunda, in its Form not unlike the Cupola of St. Paul's.

1827 N. H. Carter Lett. from Europe I. xxviii. 329 In the coach for Glasgow..it was our lot to be thrown into the basket, which is a kind of rotunda behind the wheels.

1833 J. S. C. Abbott Mother at Home vi. 128 The thousands of lights which were hung out in ‘nature's grand rotunda’.

1925 Amer. Mercury Jan. 23/2 I rose, seized the intruder by the collar and the rotunda of his trousers,..ran him down the hall and threw him down the stairs.

2004 National Geographic Jan. 116/1 A bulky rotunda of monitoring instruments..which captures a real-time, detailed snapshot of the water column.

a. A circular hall or room within a building, often one with a domed ceiling.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > others

hell1310

summer hall1388

summer parloura1425

paradise1485

fire room1591

garden room1619

ease-room1629

portcullis1631

divan1678

but?1700

sluttery1711

rotunda1737

glass casea1777

dungeon1782

hall of mirrors1789

balcony-chamber1800

showroom1820

mirror room1858

vomitorium1923

mosquito room1925

refuge room1937

quiet room1938

Florida room1968

roomset1980

wet room1982

1737 J. Home Script. Hist. Jews II. ii. v. 21 The Room in which this Bench of Judges met was a Rotunda.

1780 A. Young Tour Ireland i. 2 In the evening to the Rotunda, a circular room, 90 feet diameter,..provided with a band of music.

1828 J. F. Cooper Notions Amer. II. 158 In the rotunda, or the great hall of the capitol.

1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 187/1 A better example of a rotunda may be seen in that of the Bank of England.

1901 Daily Tel. 18 Mar. 10/7 The Reading Room of the British Museum.., that immense rotunda.

1957 Pop. Sci. Dec. 126 The main section is circular, on a 21-foot radius, to enclose a wedge-shaped dining room, living room and den around a rotunda.

2004 R. Tames Robert Adam 27 The gallery, with a top-lit domed rotunda, was designed for Weddell's statuary.

b. North American. The main hall of a public building, often one with a domed ceiling; a lobby; a concourse.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > passage or corridor > [noun]

alley1363

tresance1428

passagea1525

gallery1541

trance1545

through-passage1575

lobby1596

passageway?1606

conduit1624

gangway1702

vista1708

glidec1710

aisle1734

gallery1756

corridor1814

traverse1822

heck1825

rotunda1847

scutchell1847

zaguan1851

aisleway1868

pend1893

dogtrot1901

fairway1903

dog run1904

dog walk1938

walkout1947

coulisse1949

1847 Dwight's Amer. Mag. 19 June 386/1 The whole central part of the building [sc. the New York Custom House] is devoted to the grand rotunda.

1887 Ann. Rec. Anc. & Honorable Artillery Company of Mass. 55 The band also gave a concert in the rotunda of the hotel.

1924 J. F. Dorrance Never Fire First xiii. 134 The scene in the rotunda of Montreal's impressive Windsor Station was as lively as it was metropolitan.

1950 Rotarian Feb. 33/2 Some of them engaged the main rotunda of the Hotel Bolivar for the organizational meeting.

2006 Believer Sept. 50/2 A few dozen audience members..milled about in the rotunda.

3. Typography. A Gothic typeface used in some early printed books, based on a rounded script developed in the 13th cent. and popularized by the Bolognese law school; (also) the manuscript hand on which this typeface was based. Cf. lettre de somme n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > [noun] > others

plastograph1658

Merovingian1694

book hand1885

Lombardic1893

bastarda1894

micrographia1903

micrography1905

humanistic1911

bastard1920

rotunda1927

humanist1954

society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > style of type > [noun] > type face or font > rotunda

lettre de somme1789

rotunda1927

1927 E. Crous in R. A. Peddie Printing 12 Whereas the Gothico-Antiqua disappears, the Rotunda and the Bastarda become quite common, the former particularly for Latin texts.

1969 H. Carter View Early Typogr. iii. 50 This Italian rotunda was a somewhat cramped letter with short ascending and descending strokes... It was ideally suited to printing and printing was ideally suited to it.

1976 Times Lit. Suppl. 22 Oct. 1328/3 Caxton's mainstay bâtardes 2, 4, and 6 are surely best understood as belonging to the great calligraphic types of the earliest period, in fourth place after the Gutenbergian or Mainz texturas and rotundas and the Venetian romans.

2003 M. Noble & J. Mehigan Calligrapher's Compan. 9 Southern Europe, Italy, and Spain disliked the heavy Northern European Gothic and used a rounder, more open form, named Rotunda.

Compounds

General attributive, as rotunda form, rotunda-house, etc.

ΚΠ

1732 G. West Stowe 19 The Rotunda Pond.

1738 J. Breval Remarks Several Parts Europe: Tours since 1723 I. 15 The most entire Piece of Antiquity is the little Pantheon, now converted into a Church, just of the Rotunda Form.

1813 Sporting Mag. 42 54 The rotunda form of stabling was originally recommended about seventeen years since.

1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 186/2 A rotunda-house, about 50 feet in diameter.

1888 C. W. Bennett Christian Archaeol. i. vi. 221 Sometimes these simple rotunda interiors were further enriched by columns placed in the niches.

1914 Theol. Q. 18 72 They were built in rotunda form after the pattern of the Roman baths.

1954 R. Stokes Esdaile's Student's Man. Bibliogr. (ed. 3) iv. 141 The third class of rotunda types..is largely an Italian style of gothic and shows a much more open quality.

1990 Antique Collector May 59/4 The star lot is a magnificent rotunda book room.

2005 J. W. Stamper Archit. Rom. Temples 257/2 There is a parallel between the rotunda plan and the large exedrae behind the colonnades.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rotunda
释义	rotundan. Brit. /rə(ʊ)ˈtʌndə/, U.S. /roʊˈtəndə/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin; originally modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymon: Latin rotunda. Etymology: < classical Latin rotunda (in Sancta Maria Rotunda , the name of a church occupying the building of the Pantheon in Rome (12th cent or earlier)), feminine of rotundus rotund adj., originally after Italian rotonda, noun (see rotonda n.). Compare post-classical Latin rotunda (noun) circle (5th cent.), Middle French, French rotonde (see rotonda n.). Compare later rotonda n. and rotundo n. With sense 1b compare earlier rotundo n. 1 and rotund n. 2. 1. a. Chiefly with capital initial. (The name of) any of various circular buildings (cf. sense 1b); (in early use) spec. the Pantheon at Rome (see pantheon n. 1a). Cf. rotonda n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [noun] > of all gods > Pantheon rotunda?1566 pantheon1586 rotonda1620 pantheum1712 c1450 J. Capgrave Solace of Pilgrims (Bodl. 423) (1911) 157 There is a cherch in rome whech was clepid sumtyme pantheon; now it is clepid sancta maria rotunda..for it is a round hous.] ?1566 W. P. tr. C. S. Curio Pasquine in Traunce f. 47^v Beholde the Rotunda [It. Rotonda], which in the olde time was called Pantheon (bicause it was the dwelling house of al the Gods). 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. xxxix. 187 The Dome.., which is much like the Dome of the Rotunda [Fr. Rotonde] at Rome. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 176 After having survey'd this Dome, I went to see the Rotunda, which is generally said to have been the Model of it. 1776 Ann. Reg. 1775 i. 217/1 A temporary octagon kind of building, erected about 20 yards below the rotunda [at Ranelagh]. 1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 186/2 The Rotunda or Church of Santa Maria Maggiore at Nocera. 1897 Archit. Rec. 7 248 The Rotunda, like nearly all Palladio's constructions, was not finished by its architect. 1953 Life 8 June 67/1 The Ford Motor Co. longed to enclose the open center section of its famed Rotunda..for display purposes. 2007 A. Enright Gathering (2008) v. 35 Conways is dark. They circle the Rotunda and stop back on Parnell Street. b. A building which is circular both inside and out, esp. one with a dome. Cf. rotundo n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > building of specific shape > [noun] quadrangle1596 rotund1606 rotundo1614 camera1633 rotunda1648 tholosc1660 umbrella1680 octagon1767 round tower1790 cone1791 flat-iron1862 tetragon1884 tempietto1896 tetrapylon1904 igloo1956 shoebox1968 1648 J. Raymond Itinerary Voy. Italy 80 On the one side is a little Rotunda, coverd with Lead, wherein is the Font, or Baptistarie of Constantin. a1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 337 Virgils Sepulchre, erected on a very steepe rock, in forme of a Small rotunda, or cupulated Columne. 1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. xliii. 292 These edifices are rotundas of about thirty feet diameter. 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 393 The Temple of Vesta..is a pretty rotunda. 1814 P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 116 A grand and fine-built rotunda for wheat and flour. 1863 M. Howitt tr. F. Bremer Greece & Greeks II. xiv. 103 We were conducted through a garden into a large rotunda, with an arched roof. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) II. 232 The Pantheon is..a simple rotunda. 1922 ‘K. Mansfield’ Garden Party 24 The bandsmen sitting in the green rotunda blew out their cheeks and glared at the music. 1946 T. H. White Mistress Masham's Repose i. 9 She lived in an enormous house..surrounded by Vistas, Obelisks, Pyramids, Columns, Temples, Rotundas, and Palladian Bridges. 2003 Lancs. Life Mar. 120/1 Alongside the main building will be a rotunda that will include..a space for poetry readings. c. In extended use. Something which is round or rounded in form; a circular space or expanse.With quot. 1827 cf. rotundo n. 3. ΚΠ 1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 116. ⁋1 It..covered the whole Court of Judicature with a kind of Silken Rotunda, in its Form not unlike the Cupola of St. Paul's. 1827 N. H. Carter Lett. from Europe I. xxviii. 329 In the coach for Glasgow..it was our lot to be thrown into the basket, which is a kind of rotunda behind the wheels. 1833 J. S. C. Abbott Mother at Home vi. 128 The thousands of lights which were hung out in ‘nature's grand rotunda’. 1925 Amer. Mercury Jan. 23/2 I rose, seized the intruder by the collar and the rotunda of his trousers,..ran him down the hall and threw him down the stairs. 2004 National Geographic Jan. 116/1 A bulky rotunda of monitoring instruments..which captures a real-time, detailed snapshot of the water column. 2. a. A circular hall or room within a building, often one with a domed ceiling. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > others hell1310 summer hall1388 summer parloura1425 paradise1485 fire room1591 garden room1619 ease-room1629 portcullis1631 divan1678 but?1700 sluttery1711 rotunda1737 glass casea1777 dungeon1782 hall of mirrors1789 balcony-chamber1800 showroom1820 mirror room1858 vomitorium1923 mosquito room1925 refuge room1937 quiet room1938 Florida room1968 roomset1980 wet room1982 1737 J. Home Script. Hist. Jews II. ii. v. 21 The Room in which this Bench of Judges met was a Rotunda. 1780 A. Young Tour Ireland i. 2 In the evening to the Rotunda, a circular room, 90 feet diameter,..provided with a band of music. 1828 J. F. Cooper Notions Amer. II. 158 In the rotunda, or the great hall of the capitol. 1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 187/1 A better example of a rotunda may be seen in that of the Bank of England. 1901 Daily Tel. 18 Mar. 10/7 The Reading Room of the British Museum.., that immense rotunda. 1957 Pop. Sci. Dec. 126 The main section is circular, on a 21-foot radius, to enclose a wedge-shaped dining room, living room and den around a rotunda. 2004 R. Tames Robert Adam 27 The gallery, with a top-lit domed rotunda, was designed for Weddell's statuary. b. North American. The main hall of a public building, often one with a domed ceiling; a lobby; a concourse.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 2a. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > passage or corridor > [noun] alley1363 tresance1428 passagea1525 gallery1541 trance1545 through-passage1575 lobby1596 passageway?1606 conduit1624 gangway1702 vista1708 glidec1710 aisle1734 gallery1756 corridor1814 traverse1822 heck1825 rotunda1847 scutchell1847 zaguan1851 aisleway1868 pend1893 dogtrot1901 fairway1903 dog run1904 dog walk1938 walkout1947 coulisse1949 1847 Dwight's Amer. Mag. 19 June 386/1 The whole central part of the building [sc. the New York Custom House] is devoted to the grand rotunda. 1887 Ann. Rec. Anc. & Honorable Artillery Company of Mass. 55 The band also gave a concert in the rotunda of the hotel. 1924 J. F. Dorrance Never Fire First xiii. 134 The scene in the rotunda of Montreal's impressive Windsor Station was as lively as it was metropolitan. 1950 Rotarian Feb. 33/2 Some of them engaged the main rotunda of the Hotel Bolivar for the organizational meeting. 2006 Believer Sept. 50/2 A few dozen audience members..milled about in the rotunda. 3. Typography. A Gothic typeface used in some early printed books, based on a rounded script developed in the 13th cent. and popularized by the Bolognese law school; (also) the manuscript hand on which this typeface was based. Cf. lettre de somme n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > [noun] > others plastograph1658 Merovingian1694 book hand1885 Lombardic1893 bastarda1894 micrographia1903 micrography1905 humanistic1911 bastard1920 rotunda1927 humanist1954 society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > style of type > [noun] > type face or font > rotunda lettre de somme1789 rotunda1927 1927 E. Crous in R. A. Peddie Printing 12 Whereas the Gothico-Antiqua disappears, the Rotunda and the Bastarda become quite common, the former particularly for Latin texts. 1969 H. Carter View Early Typogr. iii. 50 This Italian rotunda was a somewhat cramped letter with short ascending and descending strokes... It was ideally suited to printing and printing was ideally suited to it. 1976 Times Lit. Suppl. 22 Oct. 1328/3 Caxton's mainstay bâtardes 2, 4, and 6 are surely best understood as belonging to the great calligraphic types of the earliest period, in fourth place after the Gutenbergian or Mainz texturas and rotundas and the Venetian romans. 2003 M. Noble & J. Mehigan Calligrapher's Compan. 9 Southern Europe, Italy, and Spain disliked the heavy Northern European Gothic and used a rounder, more open form, named Rotunda. Compounds General attributive, as rotunda form, rotunda-house, etc. ΚΠ 1732 G. West Stowe 19 The Rotunda Pond. 1738 J. Breval Remarks Several Parts Europe: Tours since 1723 I. 15 The most entire Piece of Antiquity is the little Pantheon, now converted into a Church, just of the Rotunda Form. 1813 Sporting Mag. 42 54 The rotunda form of stabling was originally recommended about seventeen years since. 1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 186/2 A rotunda-house, about 50 feet in diameter. 1888 C. W. Bennett Christian Archaeol. i. vi. 221 Sometimes these simple rotunda interiors were further enriched by columns placed in the niches. 1914 Theol. Q. 18 72 They were built in rotunda form after the pattern of the Roman baths. 1954 R. Stokes Esdaile's Student's Man. Bibliogr. (ed. 3) iv. 141 The third class of rotunda types..is largely an Italian style of gothic and shows a much more open quality. 1990 Antique Collector May 59/4 The star lot is a magnificent rotunda book room. 2005 J. W. Stamper Archit. Rom. Temples 257/2 There is a parallel between the rotunda plan and the large exedrae behind the colonnades. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?1566
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