| 释义 |
rootedadj. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: root n.1, -ed suffix2; root v.1, -ed suffix1. Etymology: Originally < root n.1 + -ed suffix2. In later use also partly < root v.1 + -ed suffix1. With sense 6 compare earlier uprooted adj.In β. forms with prefixation after past participle forms in y- prefix. the world > plants > by growth or development > [adjective] > overgrown or covered with growth a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris (1873) 2nd Ser. 163 Þat lond..bicam waste and was roted oueral, and swo bicam wildernesse. ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 283 Alle godes hestes asseið seint gregori beoð iluue iroted [a1250 Titus rotet; a1400 Pepys sett]. c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iv. l. 973 (MED) Þe pleyn entent of oure comynge hider..Had no grounde founded on resoun Nor cause roted on no titel of riȝt. ?a1450 ( J. Lydgate (McClean) (1911) 56 Lucan likith to call hit..voluntarie, whiche is as mochell to seyne as cause rotid vpon wilfulnes withowte eny grownde fowndid vpon reson. a1683 A. Sidney (1698) ii. 205 Absolute Monarchies..are rooted in the principle of the one, which cannot subsist without them. 1738 G. Berkeley 17 Obedience to all civil Power is rooted in the religious Fear of God. a1752 R. Erskine (1796) VII. cxxii. 383 True joy is rooted in the inward knowledge of Christ, and Christ revealed in the soul. 1833 J. Ainslie II. v. 154 My antipathy is rooted on abhorrence of his heart and principles. 1870 July 582 What difference does it make to my logic, which of these three systems my metaphysical thinking is rooted in? 1898 19 610 The shock of a commonplace ‘fear’ is really rooted in a lesion of the sexual emotions. 1920 A. M. Galbraith vii. 151 True love..is rooted on the recognition of the mental and moral qualities of the beloved person. 1979 T. Benn ix. 173 Our democracy will be much more strongly rooted in the desires and needs of our people. 2008 B. Goldacre ix. 171 The work of nutritionists is often..rooted in New Age alternative therapy. 3. Firmly fixed or established, deeply implanted, entrenched. a. Of an immaterial thing, esp. a quality, tendency, etc., in a person's character. Cf. deep-rooted adj.1340 (1866) 26 (MED) Þanne sseweþ hy þe kueades þet were y-hole and yroted ine þe herte. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 401 It is hard to worche uppon þoughtes þat is i-roted in [?a1475 anon. tr. hade bene sawen þer; L. inseritur] of longe tyme. a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Lamb.) (1887) i. l. 2108 Ffor þeym þe name ys roted fast [?a1400 Petyt rotefast]; Seuerne hit hight, for þe child Sabren. a1500 in F. J. Furnivall (1903) 71 (MED) That pasaunt Goodnes..Rotide is in youre femynete. 1530 J. Palsgrave 694/1 If a vyce be ones rooted in a man, it is harde to get it away. 1564 A. Golding tr. Justinus xxix. f. 118 v The natural hatred that was knowen to be rooted in him againste the Romaines euen from his verye childhode. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie (1895) II. 290 Quhen heresie deiper was ruted. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. ii. 60 I do note, That greefe and patience rooted in them both, Mingle their spurres together. View more context for this quotation 1670 R. Baxter Pref. sig. B7v The sin may be multiplied and rooted past all hope of remedy. 1684 tr. A. de Courtin vi. 125 If the Disorder appear to be firmlier Rooted in her Mind. 1727 cdlxii. sig. Y3r Take the soft sorrower at her word, and try How deeply rooted woman's vows can lie. a1774 A. Tucker (1777) III. iv. xxvi. 90 There is a stoutness and an aversion to inferiority rooted in all men. a1775 D. Garrick 21 May (1963) III. 1288 His obligations..and his knowledge of that most amiable Nobleman are so rooted, that he cannot..alter his opinion of him. 1815 J. Smith II. 584 The dissipation of prejudices, which are deeply rooted. 1868 J. H. Blunt I. 105 Her affection for him seems to have been very deeply rooted. 1877 R. H. Hutton (ed. 2) I. 74 If the passion of avarice be not wholly rooted in him. 1939 J. B. Morton viii. 184 So strongly is this antiquated habit rooted in me [etc.]. 1974 in D. S. Lehrman V. p. xvii Dan's interest in animal behaviour became deeply rooted in him during his adolescence. 1998 M. U. Walker ix. 204 I am not sanguine that I can persuade those whose demands on moral justification and criticism are so rooted that I have a better idea. the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [adjective] > inveterate (of habits or attitudes) c1400 tr. Aelred of Rievaulx (Vernon) (1984) 31 (MED) A man..by euel roted custum ibounde..in his ȝouþe myte not..be chaast. 1439 in H. Nicolas (1835) V. 393 (MED) Þoo have be þe kynges capital enymyes whos roted enemyte & evylwyl to þe Kyng..shal nozt of lyklyhode cesse. 1526 W. Bonde iii. sig. YYYvv To be a conquerour of vice by holy roted loue and assured hope of the kyngdome of god. 1548 f. xxixv Nor roted malice is not in hast plucked vp. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) v. iii. 43 Can'st thou not..Plucke from the Memory a rooted Sorrow? View more context for this quotation 1693 38 Single Acts may grow into rooted Habits. 1710 G. Berkeley §124 Ancient and rooted prejudices. 1777 E. Burke Addr. to King Jan. in (1996) III. 262 This Scheme being..set up in direct opposition to the rooted and confirmed Sentiments and habits of thinking of an whole People. 1825 W. Scott 28 Nov. (1939) 22 He..never moved from his rooted opinion, blow as it listed. 1868 M. Pattison 326 Class-education would seem to be as rooted an idea in the English mind, as denominational religion. 1875 I. 235/1 On the British invasion the Ghilzais showed a rooted hostility to the foreigner. 1932 C. Beaton Diary Feb. in (1979) iv. 36 Garbo has a rooted dislike of ‘loose language’. 1954 A. Thirkell 11 Those people who while anxious to work had a rooted objection to taking responsibility. 1999 Nov. 72/1 Not surprisingly, this deeply rooted homophobia has an insidious effect—even among ‘liberated’ people. c1350 (Harl. 874) (1961) 118 (MED) Þai þat..ben roted [Fr. enracinez] in erþelich þinges shullen ben pulled vp by þe rotes & cast in to þe fyre to brenne. c1390 in C. Brown (1924) 130 Corteis knihthod and clergye..Are nou so Rooted in Ribaudye Þat oþur merþes lust hem not make. ?c1430 (c1400) J. Wyclif (1880) 131 Þes possessioners..ben out of feiþ, hope, & charite, & harde rotid in heresie. 1447 O. Bokenham (Arun.) (1938) l. 3877 In crystys feyth rotyd so wel was he. a1500 (c1410) (Hunterian) (1976) i. 326 (MED) Whan he is..rotyd in pride..it is wol hard to lowyn hym or to amendyn hym. 1547 c. 3 §7 Children..brought vp in idlenesse..be so rooted in it. 1611 Eph. iii. 17 That yee being rooted and grounded in loue, May be able to comprehend..the loue of Christ. 1661 A. Wright xcii. 13 We cannot root firmly there, unless we are rooted in Jesus Christ. 1724 A. Collins 35 The Jews were so rooted in their notion of a Temporal Deliverer. 1778 W. Cookworthy & T. Hartley tr. E. Swedenborg 340 External things cover and hide what is internal, especially in those who are rooted in evil, but hypocritically good in the outward life. 1823 J. Gillies tr. Aristotle x. 210 The man rooted in villainy will be guilty of all sorts of enormity. 1874 G. H. Calvert i. ii. 13 O Joan, my child, my dearest child, wherefor Art thou so rooted in thy willfulness? 1880 Aug. 175/2 He is rooted in his opinion with a pertinacity that it requires the utmost firmness to overcome. 1901 J. Davidson i. 9 Six false lords we deemed Securely rooted in our interests. 1984 D. Parker & J. Parker 108 As the oak tree is rooted in the soil, so also the Taurean is rooted in his opinions. 2005 12 June 16/4 The ideal..seems more than a few steps removed from the nasty, brutish and short lives in which many people..are themselves rooted. the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > chronic a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vii. xxxvi. 385 Þe cause and þe solucioun of al rotid feueres is iknowe in general, wheþir þey be continual or discontinual. 1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in ii. iii. 20 They which by auncient succession were blinded, through old errour, and the rooted disease of superstitious Idolatry. 1662 R. Barker 2 A rooted Cough, and the shortnesse of Breath proceeding from thence, without much difficulty it perfectly cures. 1744 G. Berkeley (ESTC T72826) §119 Though not a perfect recovery from my old and rooted illness. 1807 17 270 Her complaint every day gained ground, and appeared of a very rooted nature. 1879 9 575 A mere hesitation of gait may be the early symptom of serious and rooted disease of an important articulation. 1985 11 Feb. 10/1 Unnecessary abortion is the symptom of a deeply rooted disease that must be treated at its source. 2001 35 127/2 Linden Hills' rooted disease of male hegemony and female objectification. the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > [adjective] > founding or instituting > settled or established > in something 1647 N. Bacon 230 Edward the first pursued the same course, especially in his first times, when he was but tenderly rooted. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter ii. x. 244 The Jesuits thern being thus firmly rooted on California,..have already extended their jurisdiction quite across the country. 1847 W. B. Barter 86 The Catholic Church is still too firmly rooted in this country to be overthrown by infidel violence. 1861 M. Pattison in Apr. 415 Another proof how entirely the German aliens were rooted in English soil. 1915 June 246/2 He emerged from his pleasant captivity betrothed to the young lady, and is now more firmly rooted in the town. 1977 J. Johnston 118 ‘You have to have an open mind,’ she said. ‘I'm not a very rooted person. I could live anywhere.’ 2008 A. Lee in 29 Sept. 78/1 His family had been rooted in the Italian-French borderland for generations. 1717 J. Addison in J. Dryden et al. tr. Ovid ii. 50 She found Her self with-held, and rooted to the Ground [L. candida Lampetie subita radice retenta est]. 1796 2 Suppl. 988/2 His glowing hoofs seem rooted to the plain. 1837 B. Disraeli II. 92 He remained rooted to the ground. 1849 22 Sept. 325/2 He was rooted to the spot, wide awake, but paralyzed as if by night-mare. 1885 W. Digby iii. v. 244 The few hundred English officers, who are seldom or never rooted in one spot. 1908 E. M. Forster xviii. 275 The garden-child..stood rooted to the path with horror. 1936 M. Mitchell iii. xxx. 505 She stood rooted unable to move from the position to which she had leaped when she heard his words. 1998 M. Soames in W. S. Churchill & C. S. Churchill (1999) Introd. 5 Winston simply stood rooted to the spot. 4. a. Firmly implanted or fixed (esp. in or to something) by or as if by roots. 1340 (1866) 168 Þet..uirtue..makeþ þe herte strang..ase a traw yroted [c1450 Bk. Vices & Virtues roted] ine guod land. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. xxxi. 229 Soche postumes whanne þey ben irooted and ipiȝt in þe side. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac (Hunterian) f. 73 (MED) Þe bone þat is cleped os laude..is roted in þe wesaunte. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in f. 38v (MED) Manye miseraike veynes beþ rotid in him, þe whiche drawen awey fro him al foul filþe & corrupcioun. 1526 W. Bonde iii. sig. RRiiii The more it groweth & spredeth his braunches, the more surely it is roted and fastned in the grounde. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau iv. ii. f. 19/1 Some of these vlcerations, are rotede betweene anye vaynes, arteryes, synnues, & tendones. 1681 N. Grew i. vii. ii. 165 His Horns rooted between the Eyes and the Snout. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil 116 Hellebore, and Squills deep rooted in the Seas. View more context for this quotation 1782 W. Cowper 16 I envy that unfeeling shrub, Fast rooted against ev'ry rub. 1801 R. Southey II. xii. 301 The living flower, that, rooted to the rock,..Shrunk down within its purple stem to sleep. 1862 15 Nov. 306/2 Few properties can vie with an osier-bed, fast-rooted on the aits or banks of some friendly river. 1893 J. R. Howatt 63 So long as they [sc. seaweeds] were rooted they grew and grew and were beautiful. 1907 19 329 Very handsome, though none the less deadly, appeared Cicuta virosa, rooted in the muddy margin. 1982 36 279 Water pennywort..grows rooted in the mud along canal and pond margins and out onto the water as a floating mat. 1999 S. S. Rajan vii. 55 Here the plants are submerged in water, rooted to underwater soil. the world > movement > absence of movement > [adjective] > stable > firmly fixed the world > plants > part of plant > root > plant defined by roots > [adjective] > having taken root the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > [adjective] > founding or instituting > settled or established the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > specific areas or structures > [adjective] > root or base a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) i. l. 1319 Ther was nevere rooted tre, That stod so faste in his degre. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll.) 640 Sir Malagryne was an olde rooted knyght, and he was called one of the daungerous knyghtes of the worlde. 1568 (a1500) Colkelbie Sow iii. 25 in W. T. Ritchie (1930) IV. 305 As herbis stone or tre frome thair orising stok cuttit quhill thay be And frome thair ferm first rutit grund dewydit [etc.]. 1654 J. Owen sig. E.iiv The Wheat abides, and the rooted Tree is not cast down. 1718 A. Pope tr. Homer IV. xiv. 578 Full in his Eye the Weapon chanc'd to fall, And from the Fibres scoop'd the rooted Ball. 1785 W. Cowper ii. 100 The fixt and rooted earth, Tormented into billows, heaves and swells. 1859 ‘G. Eliot’ II. vi. xlix. 207 There's no more moving you than the rooted tree. 1885 F. W. Burbidge (ed. 2) v. 29 Plant out the rooted cuttings in April or May, on open sunny borders in rows 5 feet apart. 1932 D. C. Scott in (1935) 8 Calling to the rooted mountains ‘Why are you at rest so long, Shake your snowy pinions, Why not fly and sing a song?’ 1991 117 558/1 Grulke..showed that rooted sapling cuttings had reduced photosynthetic rates when exposed to 1·5 ambient ozone concentrations. 2006 Mar. 101/1 The atmospheric nitrogen being completely unavailable to most of the higher green plants, the only source of nitrogen for the rooted plants must be the soil. c1425 (1923) 34 (MED) Sothly they florysch now with lesse fruite..as it were a plante, whan yt is wele y-rotyd, the ofte wateryng of hym cesith. c1475 (?c1400) (1842) 92 We watteren plantis til þey han ben rotid, and þan we cesser to watter. 1617 S. Collins x. 445 For euen we, when we set trees, we water them no longer, then till they haue taken roote. And when once they are rooted, our watring of them is at an end. 1664 S. Blake 114 After it is rooted it runneth upon the ground like Penny-royal, and taketh root with its branches. 1716 J. Mortimer (ed. 4) II. xiii. i. 132 They [sc. cabbage plants] delight most in a warm and light Soil, and require daily watering till they are rooted. 1787 J. Abercrombie (ed. 11) 267 Place some hoops across the beds, and let mats be drawn over them occasionally, to shade the plants from the midday sun, till they are rooted. 1829 XI. 405/1 Cauliflowers sown last month must be pricked out, watered and shaded until they are rooted. 5. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > [adjective] > rooted the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [adjective] > prime > having a root the world > plants > part of plant > root > plant defined by roots > [adjective] > having or not having roots the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > substance or parts of teeth > [adjective] > root and parts 1557 R. Record sig. Giiiv Now will we..intreate more of rooted nombers. 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville 160 The best way of planting Woods, is to do it with rooted Plants. 1786 J. Abercrombie 78 Plant either in full plants, or rooted slips. 1839 XV. 509/2 Grinders simple or compound, rooted. 1870 G. Rolleston 4 The Squirrels..live on seeds and have, like most Muridae, rooted molars. 1885 17 Sept. 248/1 If the plants are left in the heat after they are rooted they frequently start into growth. 1914 C. E. Bessey & E. A. Bessey 329 Sporophytes globose to cylindrical or stalked, neither expanded nor rooted. 1969 P. Thrower viii. 196/2 Give the rooted cuttings as much light as possible to prevent them from becoming drawn. 1970 K. N. Sanecki 6 Lavender bushes that have become leggy and bare need to be grubbed out and rooted cuttings can be planted out to replace them. the world > plants > part of plant > root > plant defined by roots > [adjective] > having or not having roots > of a specified type society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > chord > [adjective] > root of chord 1611 R. Cotgrave at Fendu Radis fendu, the..many-rooted Raddish. 1649 W. Blith 127 To be sure they be thriving smooth Rooted, or smooth Barked sets, or what sort soever they be, and as a straight as possible thou canst procure. 1699 J. Petiver in (Royal Soc.) 21 293 The Radishes, both Garden and Spanish, (which is the large Black-rooted;)..and the round and long Rooted Turnep. 1731 P. Miller I. at Adonis Adonis, The Hellebore-rooted Pheasant's-eye. a1822 P. B. Shelley (1886) 58 The bare boughs of the marble-rooted fig-tree. 1879 C. W. Shaw 151 Turnips for autumn use, and also the winter ones, however, consist chiefly of the White Stone, which is a beautiful white-rooted sort. 1883 G. Grove III. 158/2 To decide whether G or F or D is the root, or whether indeed it is even a double-rooted chord. 1917 Nov. 373/1 Such thick-rooted flowers as the Bloodroot are especially desirable. 1995 (Royal Hort. Soc.) Nov. 690/2 (caption) Bayonet-rooted parsnips such as ‘Lancer’ are now popular for pulling throughout the year. 2004 D. F. Austin 202/1 Several of the names make specific reference to the roots..black-rooted quinine [etc.]. 1634 W. Lathum 38 The silly shrub that there beside was growne, I likewise saw quite rooted up and rancht. 1797 XVI. 252/2 These would have represented the river-gods as seated on ruins, brandishing rooted-up trees. 1887 J. Popper in 23 397 The ground was covered with the rooted up and fallen trunks of trees. 1921 L. E. Roy x. 220 Ef we-all git up earlier than us'al to-morrer mornin' we kin git all dem rooted-up plants back in the groun' afore sun-up. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  adj.a1200 |
