abolitionn.

Brit.

/ˌabəˈlɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌæbəˈlɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: 1500s abolicion, 1500s abolitioun (Scottish), 1500s abolycion, 1500s abolytion, 1600s– abolition.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French abolition; Latin abolitiōn-, abolitiō.

Etymology: < Middle French, French abolition action of pronouncing an offence invalid, amnesty (1405; 1316 in Old French as abolucion in this sense), act of destroying completely (1538) and its etymon classical Latin abolitiōn-, abolitiō destruction, obliteration, cancellation, annulment, withdrawal (of a charge), amnesty < abolit- , past participial stem of abolēre (see abolish v.) + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan abolitio (1424; Occitan abolicion), Catalan abolició (1415), Spanish abolición (a1255), Portuguese abolição (a1649), Italian abolizione (a1540).

a. The action or process of abolishing something; the fact of being abolished or done away with; suppression, destruction, annihilation; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > subjecting or subjugation > [noun] > suppression or repression

suppressingc1400

repression?a1425

oppressionc1430

repressing1431

suppression1487

nithering1489

repressa1500

abolition1529

abolishment1538

abolishing?1540

repressal1593

suppressal1612

compressure1644

repressment1837

crackdown1935

1529 T. More Supplyc. Soulys i. f. xx^v They by the dystruccyon of the clergy, meane the clere abolycyon of Chrystys fayth.

1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 55 It signifieth a short abolicion or dissolution of nature.

1585 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) III. 383/1 Abolitioun..of processis of foirfaltour.

a1638 J. Mede Paraphr. 2 Peter iii. in Wks. (1672) iii. 617 We look for a New heaven and a New earth to precede this abolition.

1651 Bp. J. Taylor XXVIII Serm. xxii. 286 Requiring onely contrition, even at the last for the abolition of eternal guilt.

1763 Ld. Barrington in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. IV. 474 He recommended Union and Abolition of party Distinctions.

1792 G. Morris in J. Sparks Life G. Morris (1832) III. 29 The abolition of the slave trade is disagreeable to them.

1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. v. §29. 103 The abolition of an imaginable agency, and the substitution of an unimaginable one.

1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 375 The paralysis or quietness must have been due to an abolition of sensation.

1949 B. Russell Authority & Individual 72 No one would advocate the abolition of competition in games.

1992 Economist 4 Jan. 6/3 The anti-kulak campaign, wholly conceived, directed and urged on by Stalin, was a massacre, not an abolition.

b. Without of-complement. Frequently in form Abolition. The ending of the traffic in African slaves and (esp. U.S. History) the ending of the holding of African slaves. See also abolitionism n.The traffic in, and holding of, African slaves was in operation in European colonies and the United States from the 16th to the 19th centuries. Organized opposition to the slave trade began in the second half of the 18th cent. In 1807 a British movement led by William Wilberforce and Thomas Clarkson secured the abolition of the trade to the British colonies; in the same year the United States officially stopped the importation of new slaves. The holding of slaves was prohibited in the British West Indies in 1838 and in French colonies a few years later. Strong opposition to slave emancipation in the Southern states of America combined with the election as president in 1860 of Abraham Lincoln (who was opposed to the introduction of slavery into the western territories) led to the American Civil War (1861–5). Slaves in areas of rebellion were freed by Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of 1863; all slaves in the United States were finally liberated by the 13th Amendment to the Constitution in 1865.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > [noun] > from slavery > abolition of slavery

abolition1785

1773 Pennsylvania Gaz. 13 Jan. 4/1 Some Regulations that have taken Place in the Spanish Colonies, which..are certainly worthy our Imitation, in case we should not be so happy as to obtain an entire Abolition of Slavery.]

1785 G. Gregory Ess. Hist. & Moral 320 The general arguments concerning the good policy of slavery and the slave trade... If it can be proved that good policy..condemns the measure under our consideration,..we may reasonably hope for its final abolition.

1788 T. Clarkson (title) Essay on the comparative Efficiency of Regulation or Abolition as applied to the Slave-trade.

1790 G. Washington Diaries IV. 104 He used arguments to show the..impolicy of keeping these people in a state of Slavery; with declarations, however, that he did not wish for more than a gradual abolition.

1808 T. Clarkson Hist. Abolition II. ii. 118 The author travels to Paris to promote the abolition in France.

1845 F. Douglass Narr. Life F. Douglass vii. 41 If a slave..did any thing very wrong in the mind of a slaveholder, it was spoken of as the fruit of abolition.

1860 R. W. Emerson Culture in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 119 The ‘causes’ to which we have sacrificed, Tariff or Democracy, Whigism or Abolition, Temperance or Socialism, would show like roots of bitterness.

1910 O. G. Villard John Brown 586 When Brown assailed slavery in Virginia, the outlook for Abolition was never so hopeful.

1997 London Rev. Bks. 22 May 18/1 The story begins with chaos in the belly of a slave ship..and goes on to trace the faltering attempt, after Abolition, to create a separate society in the hills.

†2. The final overlooking or condonation of an offence, an amnesty; (Law) permission from the Crown or the court to abandon or withdraw from a criminal prosecution. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > deliberate forgetting, condoning > [noun]

oblivion1563

amnesty1605

abolition1606

unremembrance1725

1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 89 After that Cæsar was slaine..all men for feare of troubles and uprores decreed a finall abolition and oblivion of that fact.

1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 77 Lord Ravenstein, a principall person about Maximilian, and one that had taken the oath of Abolition with his Master.

1691 Blount's Νομο-λεξικον (ed. 2) Abolition, A destroying or putting out of memory; the leave given by the King or Judges to a criminal accuser to desist from further prosecution.

1809 T. E. Tomlins Jacob's Law-dict. Abolition, a destroying or effacing or putting out of memory.

Compounds

General attributive (in sense 1b).

ΚΠ

1790 W. Maclay Deb. Senate 169 Our President produced the petitions and memorials of the Abolition Society.

1833 in Cent. Mag. (1885) Sept. 785 The enemies of the abolition cause had formed a conspiracy.

1835 P. Hone Diary I. 156 The abolition question continues to agitate the public mind.

1863 F. A. Kemble Jrnl. Resid. Georgian Plantation 57 Until the late abolition movement.

1863 W. Phillips Speeches vi. 132 Dr. Channing has thanked the Abolition party.

1881–5 G. B. McClellan Own Story 152 During the autumn of 1861 Secretary Cameron made quite an abolition speech.

1907 W. Du Bois in B. T. Washington Negro in South (Electronic text) iv. 137 Such condition stirred the more radical-minded toward abolition sentiments.

1963 A. Baraka Blues People vii. 84 The idea that somehow the slavery of the black man in America was a tragic situation did not occur to white Americans until the growth of the Abolition movement.

2004 Amer. Jrnl. Polit. Sci. 48 717/1 Mott urged her to pursue her study of women's rights alongside her work for the abolition movement.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	abolition
释义	abolitionn. Brit. /ˌabəˈlɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌæbəˈlɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: 1500s abolicion, 1500s abolitioun (Scottish), 1500s abolycion, 1500s abolytion, 1600s– abolition. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French abolition; Latin abolitiōn-, abolitiō. Etymology: < Middle French, French abolition action of pronouncing an offence invalid, amnesty (1405; 1316 in Old French as abolucion in this sense), act of destroying completely (1538) and its etymon classical Latin abolitiōn-, abolitiō destruction, obliteration, cancellation, annulment, withdrawal (of a charge), amnesty < abolit- , past participial stem of abolēre (see abolish v.) + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan abolitio (1424; Occitan abolicion), Catalan abolició (1415), Spanish abolición (a1255), Portuguese abolição (a1649), Italian abolizione (a1540). 1. a. The action or process of abolishing something; the fact of being abolished or done away with; suppression, destruction, annihilation; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > subjecting or subjugation > [noun] > suppression or repression suppressingc1400 repression?a1425 oppressionc1430 repressing1431 suppression1487 nithering1489 repressa1500 abolition1529 abolishment1538 abolishing?1540 repressal1593 suppressal1612 compressure1644 repressment1837 crackdown1935 1529 T. More Supplyc. Soulys i. f. xx^v They by the dystruccyon of the clergy, meane the clere abolycyon of Chrystys fayth. 1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 55 It signifieth a short abolicion or dissolution of nature. 1585 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) III. 383/1 Abolitioun..of processis of foirfaltour. a1638 J. Mede Paraphr. 2 Peter iii. in Wks. (1672) iii. 617 We look for a New heaven and a New earth to precede this abolition. 1651 Bp. J. Taylor XXVIII Serm. xxii. 286 Requiring onely contrition, even at the last for the abolition of eternal guilt. 1763 Ld. Barrington in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. IV. 474 He recommended Union and Abolition of party Distinctions. 1792 G. Morris in J. Sparks Life G. Morris (1832) III. 29 The abolition of the slave trade is disagreeable to them. 1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. v. §29. 103 The abolition of an imaginable agency, and the substitution of an unimaginable one. 1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 375 The paralysis or quietness must have been due to an abolition of sensation. 1949 B. Russell Authority & Individual 72 No one would advocate the abolition of competition in games. 1992 Economist 4 Jan. 6/3 The anti-kulak campaign, wholly conceived, directed and urged on by Stalin, was a massacre, not an abolition. b. Without of-complement. Frequently in form Abolition. The ending of the traffic in African slaves and (esp. U.S. History) the ending of the holding of African slaves. See also abolitionism n.The traffic in, and holding of, African slaves was in operation in European colonies and the United States from the 16th to the 19th centuries. Organized opposition to the slave trade began in the second half of the 18th cent. In 1807 a British movement led by William Wilberforce and Thomas Clarkson secured the abolition of the trade to the British colonies; in the same year the United States officially stopped the importation of new slaves. The holding of slaves was prohibited in the British West Indies in 1838 and in French colonies a few years later. Strong opposition to slave emancipation in the Southern states of America combined with the election as president in 1860 of Abraham Lincoln (who was opposed to the introduction of slavery into the western territories) led to the American Civil War (1861–5). Slaves in areas of rebellion were freed by Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of 1863; all slaves in the United States were finally liberated by the 13th Amendment to the Constitution in 1865. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > [noun] > from slavery > abolition of slavery abolition1785 1773 Pennsylvania Gaz. 13 Jan. 4/1 Some Regulations that have taken Place in the Spanish Colonies, which..are certainly worthy our Imitation, in case we should not be so happy as to obtain an entire Abolition of Slavery.] 1785 G. Gregory Ess. Hist. & Moral 320 The general arguments concerning the good policy of slavery and the slave trade... If it can be proved that good policy..condemns the measure under our consideration,..we may reasonably hope for its final abolition. 1788 T. Clarkson (title) Essay on the comparative Efficiency of Regulation or Abolition as applied to the Slave-trade. 1790 G. Washington Diaries IV. 104 He used arguments to show the..impolicy of keeping these people in a state of Slavery; with declarations, however, that he did not wish for more than a gradual abolition. 1808 T. Clarkson Hist. Abolition II. ii. 118 The author travels to Paris to promote the abolition in France. 1845 F. Douglass Narr. Life F. Douglass vii. 41 If a slave..did any thing very wrong in the mind of a slaveholder, it was spoken of as the fruit of abolition. 1860 R. W. Emerson Culture in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 119 The ‘causes’ to which we have sacrificed, Tariff or Democracy, Whigism or Abolition, Temperance or Socialism, would show like roots of bitterness. 1910 O. G. Villard John Brown 586 When Brown assailed slavery in Virginia, the outlook for Abolition was never so hopeful. 1997 London Rev. Bks. 22 May 18/1 The story begins with chaos in the belly of a slave ship..and goes on to trace the faltering attempt, after Abolition, to create a separate society in the hills. †2. The final overlooking or condonation of an offence, an amnesty; (Law) permission from the Crown or the court to abandon or withdraw from a criminal prosecution. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > faulty recollection > deliberate forgetting, condoning > [noun] oblivion1563 amnesty1605 abolition1606 unremembrance1725 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 89 After that Cæsar was slaine..all men for feare of troubles and uprores decreed a finall abolition and oblivion of that fact. 1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 77 Lord Ravenstein, a principall person about Maximilian, and one that had taken the oath of Abolition with his Master. 1691 Blount's Νομο-λεξικον (ed. 2) Abolition, A destroying or putting out of memory; the leave given by the King or Judges to a criminal accuser to desist from further prosecution. 1809 T. E. Tomlins Jacob's Law-dict. Abolition, a destroying or effacing or putting out of memory. Compounds General attributive (in sense 1b). ΚΠ 1790 W. Maclay Deb. Senate 169 Our President produced the petitions and memorials of the Abolition Society. 1833 in Cent. Mag. (1885) Sept. 785 The enemies of the abolition cause had formed a conspiracy. 1835 P. Hone Diary I. 156 The abolition question continues to agitate the public mind. 1863 F. A. Kemble Jrnl. Resid. Georgian Plantation 57 Until the late abolition movement. 1863 W. Phillips Speeches vi. 132 Dr. Channing has thanked the Abolition party. 1881–5 G. B. McClellan Own Story 152 During the autumn of 1861 Secretary Cameron made quite an abolition speech. 1907 W. Du Bois in B. T. Washington Negro in South (Electronic text) iv. 137 Such condition stirred the more radical-minded toward abolition sentiments. 1963 A. Baraka Blues People vii. 84 The idea that somehow the slavery of the black man in America was a tragic situation did not occur to white Americans until the growth of the Abolition movement. 2004 Amer. Jrnl. Polit. Sci. 48 717/1 Mott urged her to pursue her study of women's rights alongside her work for the abolition movement. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1529
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