runklen.

Brit.

/ˈrʌŋk(ə)l/, U.S.

/ˈrəŋk(ə)l/, Scottish English

/ˈrʌŋk(ə)l/, Irish English

/ˈrʌŋk(ə)l/

Forms: Middle English roncle, Middle English ronkle, Middle English runcle, Middle English runcul, Middle English runkel, Middle English runkylle, Middle English rwnkyll, late Middle English ranclez (plural, transmission error); English regional (East Anglian) 1800s runcle; Scottish pre-1700 runkil, pre-1700 runkile, pre-1700 1700s runcle, pre-1700 1700s runkill, pre-1700 1700s– runkle, pre-1700 1800s ronkle, 1900s– runckle; Irish English (northern) 1900s– runkle.

Origin: Of uncertain origin.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < early Scandinavian (compare Norwegian regional rukla wrinkle, ridge: see ruckle n.³), perhaps showing a blend with wrinkle n.¹ Compare later ruckle n.³ Perhaps compare also Middle Dutch (rare) wronckelen to twist, to wind, and the related noun wronckel . Compare runkled adj., runkle v., runkle adj., runkly adj.

Now chiefly Scottish and Irish English (northern).

A wrinkle; a crease.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > [noun] > wrinkled condition > wrinkle or crease

rimpleeOE

frouncec1374

runklea1400

wrinklea1420

ruge?a1425

crimple1440

wreathc1440

wrimple1499

rumple?a1513

scrumple?a1513

wimple1513

crease1578

bag1587

crinkle1596

pucker1598

press1601

crumple1607

creasing1665

ruck1774

cramp1828

fold1840

ruckle1853

bumfle1867

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18840 (MED) His for-hed [fair], wemless to sight, Wit-vten ani runkel [Fairf. ronclis] slight.

c1425 tr. J. Arderne Treat. Fistula (Sloane 6) (1910) 70 Be þe bolnyngs anoynted with oile of rose..and putte in wele with þi fynger þe oile atuix þe runclez of þe skynne.

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 106 A Rwnkyll [1483 BL Add. 89074 Runkylle], ruga.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. viii. 26 Hir forryt scoryt wyth runclys and mony rat.

1581 J. Hamilton Catholik Traictise Concl. i. sig. Q Not haifing ony spot runkill or ony vthir sic blot.

?a1591 King James VI & I Poems (1955) I. 179 The longest skorie runkles on his face as furris appeare.

1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 201 'Till age and runkles shaw Their canker'd spirit's good for nought at a'.

1737 A. Ramsay Coll. Scots Prov. 71 We may ken your Eild by the Runkles of your Horn.

1840 C. Sinclair Shetland & Shetlanders 197 Canna' ye mak' the carpet straight! thae runkles might throw down ony body.

1893 G. MacDonald Heather & Snow 61 A' the time on the broo o' 'im sat never a runkle.

1971 J. Whitehead Joiner iv. 153 She's got runkles on her but she's pretty.

1987 ‘D. Kavanagh’ Going to Dogs vii. 191 Vic's [billiard] table..had more runkles than an unmade bed.

1993 in Sc. National Dict. New Suppl. (Electronic text) (at cited word) [Midlothian] Yer no gaun oot like that—yer T shirt's aw runkles and bumfles.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† runkleadj.

Forms: late Middle English runcle, late Middle English runcul.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: runkle n.

Etymology: Apparently < runkle n.

Obsolete. rare.

Wrinkled.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > [adjective] > wrinkled or creased

rivelledlOE

hirpleda1400

runkleda1400

rimpleda1425

wrimpledc1430

crimpled1440

frumpledc1440

runkle?1440

ruscledc1440

crumple1523

wrinkled?1523

creased1545

pursy1552

shrivelled1565

wrinkly1573

crumpled1577

ruffed1578

scrimpledc1590

wrizzled1590

wimpled1599

rucked1600

puckered1606

cappard1608

wrinkleful1608

plighty1615

yfrouncta1643

puggered1653

caperated1657

wreathed1657

pursed1676

crinkly1750

runkly1772

wrinkling1791

ruckya1825

puckery1830

creasy1858

seamy1874

crinkle1886

kinkled1890

bumfled1943

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. 699 (MED) Take oxon yonge..Compact, a runcul [v.r. runcle] nek, dewallaped side Vnto the kne.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

runklev.

Brit.

/ˈrʌŋkl/, U.S.

/ˈrəŋk(ə)l/

Forms: late Middle English rongle, late Middle English ronkle, late Middle English rouncle, late Middle English runkylle, late Middle English rwnkyll, 1800s runcle (English regional), 1900s– runkle; Scottish 1700s– runkle, 1800s runckle, 2000s– runcle.

Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: runkle n.

Etymology: Probably < runkle n. Compare runkled adj.

intransitive and transitive. To wrinkle, rumple; (in later use also, of fabric, clothing, etc.) to ruck up.Apparently largely restricted to Scottish use between the 18th and early 20th centuries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > become corrugated [verb (intransitive)] > become wrinkled

rivelOE

snurpc1300

runklea1425

crumple?c1450

wrinkle1528

purse1597

pucker1598

crinklea1600

crimple1600

rumple1622

ruckle1695

ruck1758

crunkle1825

pocket1873

crease1876

full1889

concertina1918

furrow1961

the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > corrugate [verb (transitive)] > wrinkle or crease

frounce1390

frumple1398

crunklec1400

plighta1425

crinklec1430

crimple1440

rimple1440

rivel1543

wrinkle1543

crease1588

shrivel1609

befrumple1611

frowze1611

wrimple1611

pucker1616

furl1689

ruck1706

runkle1720

crink1821

furrow1853

crumple1858

ruckle1866

bumfle1911

a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 773 Als a man waxes alde..Þan..his face rouncles ay mare and mare.

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 106 To Rwnkyll [1483 BL Add. 89074 Runkylle], rugare, irrugare.

1720 A. Ramsay Poems 280 He catch'd a crishy Webster Lown At runkling o' his Deary's Gown.

?1740 A. Ramsay in Caledonian Misc. 49 Contention and ill nature Had runkled ilka learn'd feature.

1827 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxxi, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 349 Ilka ane by itself, in far-awa spats, whare the grass runkled only to the shepherd's foot.

1872 W. Murdoch Poems & Songs (ed. 2) 137 While hurricanes runkle the face o' the ocean.

1929 E. Bowen Joining Charles 188 She..pulled down the sofa loose-cover where it had ‘runkled’ up.

1958 M. Allingham Hide my Eyes viii. 85 He looked so neglected with his green tights runkled round his ankles.

1990 S. Maitland Three Times Table (1991) ii. ii. 117 She runkled up her T-shirt and felt up her own warm soft skin for her left breast.

1998 R. Ray Certain Age 123 He shrugged, his shirt runkling up as he glanced away.

2006 S. Key Body in Action x. 227 Screw your forefoot in a clockwise direction... This will runkle the mat.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.a1400

adj.?1440

v.a1425

单词	runkle
释义	runklen. Brit. /ˈrʌŋk(ə)l/, U.S. /ˈrəŋk(ə)l/, Scottish English /ˈrʌŋk(ə)l/, Irish English /ˈrʌŋk(ə)l/ Forms: Middle English roncle, Middle English ronkle, Middle English runcle, Middle English runcul, Middle English runkel, Middle English runkylle, Middle English rwnkyll, late Middle English ranclez (plural, transmission error); English regional (East Anglian) 1800s runcle; Scottish pre-1700 runkil, pre-1700 runkile, pre-1700 1700s runcle, pre-1700 1700s runkill, pre-1700 1700s– runkle, pre-1700 1800s ronkle, 1900s– runckle; Irish English (northern) 1900s– runkle. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps < early Scandinavian (compare Norwegian regional rukla wrinkle, ridge: see ruckle n.³), perhaps showing a blend with wrinkle n.¹ Compare later ruckle n.³ Perhaps compare also Middle Dutch (rare) wronckelen to twist, to wind, and the related noun wronckel . Compare runkled adj., runkle v., runkle adj., runkly adj. Now chiefly Scottish and Irish English (northern). A wrinkle; a crease. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > [noun] > wrinkled condition > wrinkle or crease rimpleeOE frouncec1374 runklea1400 wrinklea1420 ruge?a1425 crimple1440 wreathc1440 wrimple1499 rumple?a1513 scrumple?a1513 wimple1513 crease1578 bag1587 crinkle1596 pucker1598 press1601 crumple1607 creasing1665 ruck1774 cramp1828 fold1840 ruckle1853 bumfle1867 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18840 (MED) His for-hed [fair], wemless to sight, Wit-vten ani runkel [Fairf. ronclis] slight. c1425 tr. J. Arderne Treat. Fistula (Sloane 6) (1910) 70 Be þe bolnyngs anoynted with oile of rose..and putte in wele with þi fynger þe oile atuix þe runclez of þe skynne. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 106 A Rwnkyll [1483 BL Add. 89074 Runkylle], ruga. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. viii. 26 Hir forryt scoryt wyth runclys and mony rat. 1581 J. Hamilton Catholik Traictise Concl. i. sig. Q Not haifing ony spot runkill or ony vthir sic blot. ?a1591 King James VI & I Poems (1955) I. 179 The longest skorie runkles on his face as furris appeare. 1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 201 'Till age and runkles shaw Their canker'd spirit's good for nought at a'. 1737 A. Ramsay Coll. Scots Prov. 71 We may ken your Eild by the Runkles of your Horn. 1840 C. Sinclair Shetland & Shetlanders 197 Canna' ye mak' the carpet straight! thae runkles might throw down ony body. 1893 G. MacDonald Heather & Snow 61 A' the time on the broo o' 'im sat never a runkle. 1971 J. Whitehead Joiner iv. 153 She's got runkles on her but she's pretty. 1987 ‘D. Kavanagh’ Going to Dogs vii. 191 Vic's [billiard] table..had more runkles than an unmade bed. 1993 in Sc. National Dict. New Suppl. (Electronic text) (at cited word) [Midlothian] Yer no gaun oot like that—yer T shirt's aw runkles and bumfles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † runkleadj. Forms: late Middle English runcle, late Middle English runcul. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: runkle n. Etymology: Apparently < runkle n. Obsolete. rare. Wrinkled. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > [adjective] > wrinkled or creased rivelledlOE hirpleda1400 runkleda1400 rimpleda1425 wrimpledc1430 crimpled1440 frumpledc1440 runkle?1440 ruscledc1440 crumple1523 wrinkled?1523 creased1545 pursy1552 shrivelled1565 wrinkly1573 crumpled1577 ruffed1578 scrimpledc1590 wrizzled1590 wimpled1599 rucked1600 puckered1606 cappard1608 wrinkleful1608 plighty1615 yfrouncta1643 puggered1653 caperated1657 wreathed1657 pursed1676 crinkly1750 runkly1772 wrinkling1791 ruckya1825 puckery1830 creasy1858 seamy1874 crinkle1886 kinkled1890 bumfled1943 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. 699 (MED) Take oxon yonge..Compact, a runcul [v.r. runcle] nek, dewallaped side Vnto the kne. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). runklev. Brit. /ˈrʌŋkl/, U.S. /ˈrəŋk(ə)l/ Forms: late Middle English rongle, late Middle English ronkle, late Middle English rouncle, late Middle English runkylle, late Middle English rwnkyll, 1800s runcle (English regional), 1900s– runkle; Scottish 1700s– runkle, 1800s runckle, 2000s– runcle. Origin: Probably formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: runkle n. Etymology: Probably < runkle n. Compare runkled adj. intransitive and transitive. To wrinkle, rumple; (in later use also, of fabric, clothing, etc.) to ruck up.Apparently largely restricted to Scottish use between the 18th and early 20th centuries. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > become corrugated [verb (intransitive)] > become wrinkled rivelOE snurpc1300 runklea1425 crumple?c1450 wrinkle1528 purse1597 pucker1598 crinklea1600 crimple1600 rumple1622 ruckle1695 ruck1758 crunkle1825 pocket1873 crease1876 full1889 concertina1918 furrow1961 the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > corrugate [verb (transitive)] > wrinkle or crease frounce1390 frumple1398 crunklec1400 plighta1425 crinklec1430 crimple1440 rimple1440 rivel1543 wrinkle1543 crease1588 shrivel1609 befrumple1611 frowze1611 wrimple1611 pucker1616 furl1689 ruck1706 runkle1720 crink1821 furrow1853 crumple1858 ruckle1866 bumfle1911 a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 773 Als a man waxes alde..Þan..his face rouncles ay mare and mare. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 106 To Rwnkyll [1483 BL Add. 89074 Runkylle], rugare, irrugare. 1720 A. Ramsay Poems 280 He catch'd a crishy Webster Lown At runkling o' his Deary's Gown. ?1740 A. Ramsay in Caledonian Misc. 49 Contention and ill nature Had runkled ilka learn'd feature. 1827 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxxi, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 349 Ilka ane by itself, in far-awa spats, whare the grass runkled only to the shepherd's foot. 1872 W. Murdoch Poems & Songs (ed. 2) 137 While hurricanes runkle the face o' the ocean. 1929 E. Bowen Joining Charles 188 She..pulled down the sofa loose-cover where it had ‘runkled’ up. 1958 M. Allingham Hide my Eyes viii. 85 He looked so neglected with his green tights runkled round his ankles. 1990 S. Maitland Three Times Table (1991) ii. ii. 117 She runkled up her T-shirt and felt up her own warm soft skin for her left breast. 1998 R. Ray Certain Age 123 He shrugged, his shirt runkling up as he glanced away. 2006 S. Key Body in Action x. 227 Screw your forefoot in a clockwise direction... This will runkle the mat. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1400adj.?1440v.a1425
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