| 释义 |
runnern.1 Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: run v., -er suffix1. Etymology: < run v. + -er suffix1. Compare (chiefly in various specialized meanings) West Frisian rinner , rinder , Middle Dutch renner , runner , renre (Dutch renner ), Middle Low German renner , renre , rönner , Middle High German renner (German Renner ), Old Icelandic rennari , Middle Swedish rännare (Swedish rännare ). Compare forerunner n.With α. forms compare metathesized forms of run v. and see discussion at that entry. Earlier currency of the β. forms (probably in sense 2a) is implied by surnames, e.g. John le Renner (1340), etc.; compare also earlier instances without the definite article, e.g. Ric. Renner (1319), etc., although it is possible that some of these may represent variants of the unconnected (originally Anglo-Norman) surname Rayner. I. A person who or thing which runs, and related senses. * A person, animal, or boat or other conveyance that moves. 1. α. OE Aldhelm Glosses (Brussels 1650) in L. Goossens (1974) 202 Felethi : eorodmen, yrneres, feþeheres. ?1316 Short Metrical Chron. (Royal) l. 900 in J. Ritson (1802) II. 307 (MED) He wes cleped Harefot, For he wes urnare god. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) Prol. l. 19 A somnour is a rennere [v.rr. renner, remner] vp and doun With mandementz for fornicacioun. a1556 N. Udall (?1566) ii. iv. sig. D.jv Still be a runnner [sic vp & downe.] 1647 H. Hexham A runner after, een na-looper. 1736 R. Ainsworth A runner forth, excursor. 1849 26 488 The citizens were consequently much annoyed by the continual runners up and down. 1969 Mar. 81 Besides, teachers were supposed to be runners-about. Everyone knew that. the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > going swiftly on foot > [noun] > running > a runner society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > racing on foot > [noun] > runner in race (Harl. 221) 297 Lepare, or rennare, cursor. ?1573 L. Lloyd f. 117 Wrastlers, leapers, runners and such like games were appointed. 1595 W. Shakespeare ii. iii. 1 Sore spent with toile as runners with the race. 1624 Abp. G. Abbot sig. A3v It was the manner of the Heathen Race-runners, after they had finished their course, to deliuer a Lamp or Taper to the next Runner. 1671 J. Milton 1324 Have they not..ev'ry sort Of Gymnic Artists, Wrestlers, Riders, Runners ..? View more context for this quotation 1724 T. Cibber (ed. 2) iii. i. 28 Ev'n spent with Toil, as Runners with a Race, I lay me down a little while to breathe. 1736 24 June A Race was run from Hyde-Park to Richmond, between one Lawton a Yorkshireman, and the famous Irish runner. 1807 J. Sinclair I. v. 685 The legs of a runner, the lungs of a singer, and the arms of a waterman, are generally stronger than others. 1868 W. Morris i. 110 And there two runners did the sign abide Foot set to foot. 1897 8 Feb. 8/6 Blake, B.A.A.'s Marathon runner, started behind an unwieldy field in the 1000-yd. handicap. 1929 G. M. Butler v. 74 Speed..should be the middle-distance runner's main objective. 1979 Apr. 13 (advt.) No matter whether you're a weekend runner, or a serious sports enthusiast, Saks' Active Sportswear Shop has the sporting looks that are sure to suit your style. 2001 27 Jan. (Weekend Suppl.) p. ix/6 Jimmy Carter was an avid runner but during a six-mile run near Camp David in 1979, he collapsed. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > [noun] > flight or running away > one who runs away (Harl. 221) 429 Rennare, or vnstable a-bydare, fugitivus, fugitiva, profugus..currax. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. viii. 11 Let vs score their backes,..'Tis sport to maul a Runner . View more context for this quotation 1624 J. Smith iii. xi. 86 If I finde any more runners for Newfoundland with the Pinnace, let him assuredly looke to arriue at the Gallows. 1905 J. P. Wisser & H. C. Gauss 132 Run, the nautical name for desertion, a deserter being called a runner. 1996 A. Devlin 101/1 Runner, escaper. 2003 P. Bowen xvii. 99 We got a runner... We had better get after her. They'll be after her the moment that they know she's gone. society > travel > aspects of travel > travel from place to place > [noun] > without fixed aim or wandering > vagrancy or vagabondage > vagabond or tramp 1567 T. Harman (new ed.) To Rdr. f. 9 I thought it necessary..to acquaynt ye with a great faulte, as some takethe it..callinge these Uagabonds Cursetors in the intytelynge of my booke as runneres or rangers aboute the countrey. 1574 G. Baker tr. f. 44 Such is the covetouse desire of these Runners whiche make the parents beleeue that it cannot bee helped without their butcherly cutting. 1575–6 in J. Raine (1845) 270 As for Lawson he is but a runner, of no honestie or credit, being a maker of strawe hatts, seves, and riddles, goinge frome town to town. 1695 in (1953) 33 4 That non of the tread shall..buy skins from aney Roupers or Runners of the Country. the world > food and drink > hunting > hunter > hunter of specific animal > [noun] > of buffalo 1832 Mar. 211 St. Maurice..is the fellest buffalo-runner in the country. 1837 W. Irving II. xi. 173 The ‘runners’, then, as they are called, mounted on fleet horses, and armed with bows and arrows, moved slowly and cautiously toward the buffalo. 1862 11 Sept. 2/5 The ‘runners’—ie. a select band of the best equipped, best-mounted, most experienced and most daring horsemen. 1895 8 250 When the council had agreed upon a day for the ceremony, the runners were sent out to search for a herd of buffalo. 1910 T. Roosevelt vi. 152 He..shot her [sc. a warthog sow] from the saddle as he galloped nearly alongside, holding his rifle as the old buffalo-runners used to hold theirs. 2007 S. De Capua i. 14 Hunters called ‘runners’ or ‘chasers’ herded buffalo toward a cliff, where other hunters waited behind rocks and trees. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > baseball > baseball player > [noun] > runner 1845 Rule 19 A runner cannot be put out..when a balk is made by the pitcher. 1857 7 Feb. 372/3 Mr. Thos. Leavy..mans the first base, and rare it is, that a runner reaches the first base, if the ball is passed up quickly. 1896 R. G. Knowles & M. Morton iv. 38 Neale hit a ball which the pitcher snapped up and sent to first base before the runner reached there. 1913 J. J. McGraw (1914) ii. 21 When there are no runners on the bases, a pitcher wants to use his swing and windup to the best advantage. 1948 4 July 12/2 If the pitcher doesn't keep the runners close to base, the best catcher in baseball can't throw them out. 1998 G. F. Will Introd. 15 The shortstop breaks toward third, racing the runner on second and arriving at third..in time to force the lead runner. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > cricketer > [noun] > batsman > runner on batsman's behalf 1862 J. Pycroft 4 Having the luck to be lamed by a sprain, I was allowed a runner. 1893 18 July 7/4 Off one of his deliveries Finney received a bad knock on a knee, which caused him to limp so much as to require a runner. 1908 W. E. W. Collins xiii. 219 Once, then, only in my life have I acted as runner for another batsman. 1971 16 Feb. 7/6 His knee is stiff..and unless it improves he may need the help of a runner. 2004 (Nexis) 28 Mar. (Sport section) 19 He received some treatment on the field but eventually needed a runner in the shape of fellow opener Matthew Hayden. society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > [noun] > one who guides or leads 1867 309 The man was a famous runner, and despite the disadvantage of small tripping snow-shoes..he would have reached the houses before them had not the line that confined the snow-shoe on his foot broken. 1921 June 27/2 The ‘runner's’ duty is to travel in front of the dogs picking out and breaking the trail. It is also his duty to clear away with an axe any trees which may have been blown across the road. 1930 L. Munday iv. 60 [We] were making a trip..without a runner (that is, an Indian guide who goes ahead of the dogs to break trail). 1971 T. Boulanger 62 From Norway House..the runner was Old John Clark... In Berens River..the runner was Donald Bittern. the world > food and drink > hunting > hunter > [noun] > one using setter, beagles, etc. 1874 31 Jan. 87/3 A ‘holloa’ from our runner with the terriers brought the pack like lightning to him. 1905 E. Hussey xxvii. 209 An individual belonging to that race of intelligent and remarkable persons to be found among the retinue of most hunts, entitled ‘runners’, or ‘the man with the terriers’. 1948 F. Pitt x. 125 In former days they were nearly always consigned to the care of a runner, usually a seedy-looking individual in someone's cast-off scarlet coat. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > American football > [noun] > types of player 1880 26 Nov. 2/4 Two or three players tried to run with the leather, but the ground was so slippery with snow that even without opposition the runner invariably lost his feet. 1893 A. A. Stagg & H. L. Williams 43 The end-rusher has to meet the runner under most trying circumstances. 1922 May 65/2 Hunt counted the yards by fives..till the runner hurled himself across the line. 1957 IX. 473/2 Massed defenders could be either crushed down or split asunder to give the runner free passage toward the enemy goal. 2007 B. Wingate iii. 25 Your first play is a running play to the left side. Your offensive linemen block the defenders on the left side to create an opening for the runner. 2. society > communication > information > message > [noun] > messenger society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > guide, scout, etc. society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > messenger society > authority > subjection > service > servant > types of servant > [noun] > who runs errands a1382 (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. li. 31 The rennere [L. currens] to meete with the rennere shal come, and the messager to meete with the tellere, that he telle out to the king of Babiloyne, for taken is his cite. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 7679 Son to þe king tald was it sua, And his reners [Gött. messagers] he þeder send For to rauis dauid he wend. a1425 (c1384) (Corpus Oxf.) (1850) Ezek. vii. 22 Foule men, or renners [L. emissarii], shulen entre in to it, and shulen defoule it. 1511–12 in J. B. Paul (1902) IV. 262 To Finlay, rynnar, to by him sarkis..xiiij s. 1517 N. Love tr. (W. de W.) x The space of xiiij or xv dayes iourney of a comyn renner. 1611 1 Kings xiv. 27 Rehoboam..committed them vnto the hands of the chiefe of the guard [margin runners] . View more context for this quotation 1686 tr. J. Chardin 258 They generally send a Runner along with 'em to bring the Horses back. 1727 J. Swift Let. to Pope 30 Oct. in (1741) 67 It would have been wiser to direct it to Tonson or Lintot, to whom I believe his lodgings are better known than to the runners of the Post-office. 1751 T. Smollett IV. cvii. 253 He sent one of the runners of the Fleet, who attended him, to bespeak and pay for a couple of pullets..for dinner. 1800 Duke of Wellington (1837) I. 105 I have..ordered Colonel Torfrey, fourthly, to post runners from his camp to Oustara. 1849 W. M. Thackeray (1850) I. xxxii. 319 The same little runner who had brought Shandon's note. 1877 A. B. Edwards viii. 214 The Egyptian and Nubian mails are carried by runners stationed at distances of four miles all along the route. 1917 G. S. Gordon 13 Feb. (1943) 69 I was searching for the Hqs. of a Battn. and there wasn't a living soul above ground to ask except myself and my runner. 1950 11 Jan. 22/7 He went from the lowliest job in the financial district—a runner carrying messages—to one of the highest. 1976 F. Warner i. i. 6 I'd sooner be in the assembly trench waiting to go over the top than a runner. 2009 (Nexis) 5 July (Business section) 1 Busque has built a website and assembled a network of runners around the Boston area. society > communication > information > informing on or against > [noun] > informer society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > book-making > book-maker > intelligencer 1724 N. Bailey (ed. 2) Runner, [of a Gaming House] one who is to get Intelligence of the Meetings of the Justices, and when the Constables are out. 1733 July 349/2 These Officers have a Number of Satellites called Runners, who live in the Atmosphere of these Harpies, and are employed to feel the Pulses of the Prisoners. 1764 S. Foote i. i. 4 Runner to a gaming-table, and bully to a bawdy-house. 1785 G. Crabbe 18 For this their runners ramble day and night, To drag each lurking deed to open light. 1826 29 Jan. 72/2 The moment any of its runners or spies discover the fact of a bill dishonoured at a banker's, a paragraph is inserted [in the Times] to announce..that the acceptors had ‘stopped payment’. 1862 J. P. Kay-Shuttleworth i. 92 The ‘runners’ of a sagacious and rough chief constable, spies and informers, and the soldiers, were the instruments by which the peace was preserved. 1902 21 Jan. 8/3 Stiles..was in the employment of..a bookmaker…Stiles acted as his ‘runner’. That was to say, he went about to find out what the betting was. 1935 Aug. 65/2 A bookie has..outside men or runners, who move around in the paddock or wherever the tips are at whitest heat, check on competitors, and keep the book in line with other books. 1975 N. Luard v. 123 The Special Branch officers left... Many had their personal ‘runners’—informants..whose identities were known only to a single officer. society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman 1735 II. 384 The Day they hear'd that Sentence was pass'd, Jenny went to one of the runners at Newgate, and..asked what was become of such a Person. 1771 41 230 Peter Murphy and Silas Goddard were tried for the wilful murder of John Atwood, one of the Runners of Clerkenwell Bridewell. 1814 Apr. 251 The officers and runners of the different police establishments should..be employed in parading and watching the most frequented streets. 1838 C. Dickens II. xxix. 176 ‘It's the runners!’..‘The what!’..‘The Bow-street officers.’ 1882 W. Ballantine xxv. 259 An old Bow Street officer—or runner, as these officials used to be designated—of the name of Vickery was the governor. 1915 R. Bridges xxxix. 273 Cayley had cursed and protested; but condescending finally to answer the inquiries of his uncle and the runners, had at last [etc.]. 1991 P. O'Brian (1993) vi. 157 She was being transported for pistolling the runners that came to arrest her. 1992 P. Begg & K. Skinner i. 8 The Runners were not uniformed..but identified themselves by showing a small brass tipstaff. society > communication > journalism > journalist > [noun] > gatherer of information society > trade and finance > financial dealings > banking > [noun] > one conducting banking business > bank-clerk > specific types 1744 11 A Runner to a Coal-Owner to distribute Bills, and collect straggling Debts. 1826 14 Jan. Wanted—By a Young Man of respectable connections, a situation in a..grocery store..; would have no objections to leave the city, or engage as a collector or runner. 1841 R. Jebb 85 The prisoner's duty or authority to receive money on account of Gibbons and Williams did not begin till he commenced his rounds as their runner, to collect payment for bills. 1884 17 June 5/1 Bill-brokers complain that their runners are unable to obtain bills from the merchants as freely as usual. 1898 11 Jan. 9/1 The ‘runners’ engaged by some of the bookmakers who do business in the paddock at Randwick. 1942 51 602 As soon as the charges are entered, the runner takes the checks to his bank for examination. 1960 J. Grant xxvii. 180 The theatre runner opened the doors and said quietly: ‘Mr. Spindells has arrived, sir.’ 1997 D. DeLillo (2003) 200 Soon the bookie makes Jimmy his runner... He made payoffs to winners, he collected money from losers. 2008 (Nexis) 17 Aug. (Review section) 3 I think I'd do anything on a film set, even if it was just being a runner. I just love meeting people. society > authority > rule or government > politics > politician > [noun] > political collector, agent, or intelligencer 1777 W. Baker Let. 25 Dec. in E. Burke (1844) II. 205 One of the runners of government in the city,—a tool of Harley. 1797 17 Annesly Thomas, runner of the bank of Pennsylvania, Catharine street. 1824 S. Smith in July 442 The pitiful propensity which exists among Government runners to vent their small spite. 1834 46 The following salaries shall be paid to the officers in the bank of the State of Alabama and its several branches, to wit:..to the runner of the branch at Mobile, six hundred dollars per annum. 1876 29 Feb. 335/2 Jobbers who have ‘runners’ throughout Canada and the United States, do much to demoralize prices and terms. 1920 S. Greenbie viii. 139 He had been for fifteen years or more the runner for this endogenous firm. 1991 R. C. Harris & J. Warkentin vi. 252 Each company employed runners to urge the Indians on in their work and to ensure that the furs were delivered to the right post. the mind > language > speech > request > one who requests > [noun] > one who canvasses or lobbies 1824 21 Feb. 183/3 Our wholesale property-speculators and their gentry in livery, called runners. 1836 C. R. Gilman I. 31 [At Oswego] a struggle began between the runners of the two boats. 1859 11 June The streets were flanked with hacks and boarding-house runners. 1894 29 Oct. 7/7 A ‘runner’ was a person who, not being himself upon the Stock Exchange, introduced business into the office of a member of that body for the sake of himself getting a share in the commission earned. 1899 F. T. Bullen 337 The enterprising boatman was the runner for a Falmouth tailor. 1933 H. Allen I. xx. 261 There a hired runner announced the merits of his master in several languages. 1953 P. H. Abrahams iv. ii. 129 He was soon picked up outside the Pass Office by one of the touts or ‘runners’ who look out for unemployed Africans. 1996 K. Dornstein (1998) iii. 141 As hearings played out in Milwaukee, nine lawyers pled guilty to employing runners to solicit cases. society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prisoner > [noun] > privileged or having responsibilities 1830 7 [At the Charlestown prison] there is, however, a class of men, consisting of ten or twelve, called runners and lumpers, whose duty consists in moving about the yard. 1896 S. W. Brooks 109 For the last ten years of his term, he had been a ‘runner’ in the prison, the right-hand man of the warden. 1933 17 Apr. 14/4 Clifton had been assigned to the odd-jobs duties of a ‘runner’ on the first floor of the south wing, where both his and Kellam's cells were located. 1974 (N.Y. State Dept. Correctional Services) 43 Runner, inmate whose job is to deliver things around the prison. 1985 J. E. Wideman 46 Except for the car jockey and a runner outside the guards' kiosk, all the trustees in the yard are black, black men like me, like you. 1940 (Hearings before U.S. House Appropriations Comm., 76th Congr., 3rd Sess.) 442 Hill was considered an important dealer in Chicago... George Booker, a runner for Hill, received a prison term of 2 years. 1951 11 June 119 (caption) ‘Kingpin’ Jones a big Chicago peddler recently jailed, employed 15 runners to give schoolchildren free samples of heroin. 1964 K. Hanson ix. 154 Luis is working as a runner for Maria's pusher. 1995 Jan. 54/1 He gave instructions to his dealers and runners in the basement of a Stockport pub. society > trade and finance > trader > traders or dealers in specific articles > [noun] > in antiques 1969 R. Quest xxviii. 153 He was a free-lance—the trade term is ‘runner’—picking up antiquities here and there and selling them at a profit. 1976 G. Sims xii. 86 Klein is a sort of runner..buys things in the country and sells them to West End dealers. 1995 30 Apr. 10/7 It is not unusual for a runner to drive 2,500 miles a week attending small provincial auctions, car boot sales, and markets. 3. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > racehorse the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by speed or gait > [noun] > swift horse a1500 in (1972) 41 238 (MED) The best horses of all cuntrees: Ther is no courser vn to poile..Nor no renner vnto Calaber. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda i. lxiii. 129 b Alonso de Alburquerque, and Antonio del Campo,..presented him with..two horses out of Persia, the which were great runners. 1655 L. Thetford 24 Every horse for the wars may be train'd for a Runner or Hunter at pleasure. 1697 J. Vanbrugh iv. ii Your worship has six coach-horses (cut and long tail), two runners, half-a-dozen hunters. 1759 T. Wallis at Light A horse is said to be light that is a swift, nimble, runner. 1779 11 Nov. Paris, a son of Eclipse, was a good runner, but was lamed, and will not be trained any more. 1796 J. Lawrence I. v. 233 The runner is distinguished by a rolling motion, and does not bend his knees so much, or step out, so far as the fair trotter. 1815 46 118 I knew in their day, runners of fair repute, and as well bred as any horses upon earth. 1863 7 Sept. 288/1 He is powerful..but a bad runner in his trot. 1902 XXVI. 236/1 [In post betting] wagering does not begin until the numbers of the runners are hoisted on the board. 1952 29 Mar. 4/3 There are plenty of runners at Kempton Park today to inaugurate flat racing in the south. 2000 8 Sept. 28/2 There was..a Kerry-owned runner in the final, Golfing Lad. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > used in hunting > for hunting particular type animal 1810 A. Henry 14 Aug. (1992) II. 463 I purchased a horse, a Runner, from him for 20 Pints of Liquor. 1839 Let. 7 Apr. in (1841) June 166 I had a good buffalo runner, which cost me upwards of seventy dollars. 1858 J. Palliser 31 July (1863) 90 Breakfast finished, our ‘runners’ saddled and mounted, the whole party moved slowly on... Having ascended the slightly elevated ridge we then beheld our game, four or five thousand buffalo. 1924 J. H. E. Secretan vii. 92 I rode that Buffalo runner hard all that year and she died within a few hundred yards of where I bought her. 1955 D. McCowan 15 With the passing of the buffalo, the days of the runner were also numbered. 2007 J. M. Marshall iv. 40 Horses with breakaway speed were chosen as ‘buffalo runners’. 1835 W. Swainson ii. iii. 256 Wading birds, although not saltatorial, are the swiftest runners of the feathered creation. 1862 29 Aug. 631/1 The reed buck..is a slow runner, and squats until the hunter is near. 1909 219 The bear makes nothing of climbing; he is a good swimmer, and a quick runner too. 1932 Feb. 199/1 From that point, the lion soon finds himself classified..: He becomes a leaper, a bouncer, a growler, a wrestler or a runner, for these wild animals develop specialties. 1972 T. A. Vaughan vii. 127/1 The patas monkey has a slim greyhound-like build and is the fastest runner of all primates. 2001 D. Burnie 166/3 Stegoceras would have been a fast runner, and like other bone-heads, it lived in herds. the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > [noun] > wounded birds 1841 Feb. 92 It is always better, if the bird you fired at be wounded and a runner, to go quietly after him, or even to lose him altogether, then to suffer your dogs to range wildly. 1898 Earl of Suffolk et al. II. 75 There should be under-men with retrievers in attendance, whose business it is to collect runners and birds that are not immediately recovered. 1966 R. Jeffries viii. 93 Toby, Miss Harmsworth's dog, flashed past him with a runner in his mouth. 1999 Nov. 89/1 When we congregated at the wagon one of the guns asked if the dogs would enter the cover again as he'd had a runner... Eventually the bird was found and despatched. society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > [noun] > motor vehicle > roadworthy 1932 24 May 8/7 (advt.) Talbot 14 H.P. Tourer. Fully equipped. An excellent runner. £75. 1948 E. Partridge et al. 159 Runner, a vehicle that was in running order, as opposed to one that was off the road. 1972 3 Nov. 23/7 (advt.) '67 Chrysler Newport, stick shift, winterized, a good runner. $750. 1995 20 May 12/7 (advt.) Always wanted for cash, cars, vans and wagons, runners and none runners, all MOT failures. 1998 Oct. 119/2 (advt.) 1971 BSA A65, new motor, carbs & tires, strong runner, all orig., $1995. society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > other building or constructing equipment the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > shoe > [noun] > types of > made from specific material > canvas 1970 J. S. Gunn in W. S. Ramson iv. 64 We should investigate the areas of use of such duplications as..sandshoes/sneakers/tennis shoes/runners. 1989 (Nexis) 4 June (Late ed.) 31 People should seek advice from the experts in shoe stores, who will be able to tell them which runners suit their feet. 1998 D. Coupland iii. 18 She climbed into my Datsun to put a new lace in her runners. 2010 (Nexis) 10 Apr. 2 All you need is a good pair of runners and once people get involved in running, they are hooked. the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > member of (fowl) > free range 1531 in (1775) 3 xxi. 157 Among fowl for the tables are crocards, winders, runners, grows, and peions. c1540 in (1790) 221 Prices of all kindes of Poultry-stuff—Ronners, the piece, 2d. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny I. 297 That no man should haue his table serued with any foule, vnlesse it were one hen, and no more, and the same a runner only, and not fed vp and crammed fat. 5. A bird or other animal that runs or moves quickly. the world > animals > birds > order Gruiformes > [noun] > family Rallidae (rail) > genus Rallus > rallus aquaticus (water rail) 1668 W. Charleton 97 Trochilus,..the Trochilus, or fin-footed Runner. 1668 W. Charleton 107 Erythropus, Ralla Aquatica, the Runner. 1720 (new ed.) Gallinula Erythropus, the Runner. Gallinula Serica, the Velvet-runner. 1774 O. Goldsmith II. 375 To this bird of the crane kind so little known, I will add another still less known—the Corrira, or Runner of Aldrovandus. 1862 C. A. Johns Index Runner, the Water Rail. 1893 in H. T. Cozens-Hardy (Eastern Daily Press) 46 Runners, Land and Water Rails. 1906 A. Collett 254 Water-rail. (Rallus aquaticus.) Brook-runner, Bilcock, Skiddycock. the world > animals > fish > [noun] > migratory fish 1700 C. Leigh 140 [In its first year the salmon] is stiled a Salmon-Smelt, the second Year a Sprod, the third a Mort, the fourth a Forktail, the fifth a Runner, and the sixth a Salmon. 1766 R. Brookes (new ed.) 155 Runners.., also a fine Sort of an Eel, by some called the Silver-Eel. 1894 13 339 The earliest [sturgeons] are uniformly ‘caviar fish’ (i.e., of immature ovaries); later are taken ‘runners’ (i.e., ripe fish); and at the close of the spawning season none but ‘slunkers’ (i.e., those having spawned). 1903 T. Gill (new ed.) 527 The spawning fishes, distinguished as ‘runners’, are usually most abundant about the middle or end of a ‘run’ or school. the world > animals > birds > superorder Ratitae (flightless) > [noun] > member of 1709 J. Lawson 151 The Sand-Birds are about the Bigness of a Lark... These are called Runners; because if you run after them, they will run along the Sands and not offer to get up. 1820 June 142 The Cursores, or Runners, of the present arrangement, comprize, besides the Bustards and Thick-knees, several genera belonging to the Grallæ, or Waders, of Latham. 1870 H. A. Nicholson II. lxviii. 451 The third order of Birds is that of the Cursores, or Runners. a1933 J. A. Thomson (1934) I. ii. 23 It used to be the custom to classify birds according to their habit, as climbers (Scansores), runners (Cursores), swimmers (Natatores), scratchers (Rasores), and so on. the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Ophidia (snakes) > types of snake > [noun] > family Colubridae > genus or member of genus Coluber > coluber constrictor (racer) 1795 T. Todd Let. Feb. in S. Williams (1809) I. 485 I approached with caution within twenty feet of a black snake, about seven feet long, having a white throat, and of the kind which the people there call runners. 1835 C. J. Latroube II. iii. 46 He would tell us..of the powers of the black-runner in destroying the rattle-snake. 1855 W. G. Simms xxxix. 456 Push forward, quick as a runner (black snake). 1985 in F. L. Buss 212 We didn't pay most snakes much attention. We kids used to chase some of them like crazy, 'specially black runners. 2005 J. W. Gibbons & M. E. Dorcas 122 Racers are often called black runners or blue runners in the rural South. the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Scombroidei (mackerel) > [noun] > elagatis pinnulatis (runner) the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Scombroidei (mackerel) > [noun] > family Carangidae (scads) > member of Trachurus or Caranx (horse mackerel) the world > animals > fish > miscellaneous types > [noun] > leather-jacket or oligoplites saurus 1815 1 399 Black-Fish of New-York. Tautog of the Mohegans. Tide black-fish, or runners. 1888 G. B. Goode 234 The Runner, Elagatis pinnulatus, known at Key West as ‘Skipjack’ or ‘Runner’, and at Pensacola as ‘Yellow-tail’ or ‘Shoemaker’. 1905 D. S. Jordan II. xvii. 272 Most like the true mackerel are the ‘leather-jackets’, or ‘runners’, forming the genera Scomberoides and Oligoplites. 1952 L. L. Mowbray in J. O. La Gorce (rev. ed.) 210 The runner and other jacks are the terror of small fishes. 1966 A. H. Leim & W. B. Scott 248 It is believed that the blue runner occurs sparingly along the Nova Scotian coast in the late summer months. 1989 May 72/1 The sharks' attraction to the buoy seems to be the ample supply of food in the form of schooling jacks and rainbow runners. 2003 A. Davidson (rev. ed.) 61 (heading) The carangid fish, the runner and the moonfish. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Dictyoptera > member of 1831 H. McMurtrie tr. P. A. Latreille in G. Cuvier IV. 4 In those which compose the first, all the legs are similar, and only adapted for running,—they are the Cursoria or runners. 1840 XVII. 43/2 Latreille divides the order Orthoptera into two sections, to which he applies the names Cursoria and Saltatoria, or runners and jumpers. 1882 VI. 121 These true Orthoptera may be readily divided into three tribes.., namely, the Leapers, or Saltatoria; the Runners, or Cursoria; and the Earwigs, or Euplexoptera. 1955 63 84 Blatchley (1920)..divides the Orthoptera into four suborders: Dermaptoria..; Cursoria (runners) including the family Blattidæ; Gressoria (walkers)..; and Saltatoria (jumpers). the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Merginae (duck) > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types of 1878 103/2 Several letters have lately appeared concerning what are generally known as Indian runner ducks. 1886 1 86 List of Water-Fowl on The Haining Loch... Brent Geese. American Runner Ducks. Pekin Ducks. Cayuga Ducks. [Etc.] 1900 Apr. 207/2 The Runners are particularly adapted to the market poultry man's needs. 1937 F. B. Young v. 102 By the time he had finished stocking it with..runner ducks and Rhode Island Red poultry,..he had made another big hole in his dwindling capital. 1986 T. Bartlett iii. 24 Runner ducks need less water than most varieties. 2002 Apr. 47/1 We watch Hiawatha the runner duck—true to his name—scouting around the farmyard pond like an Indian. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel propelled by sail > [noun] > types of fast sailing vessel 1699 B. E. Runner,..a Galley, or nimble Vessel, to make quick Voyages, as also to escape Privateers, Pirates, &c. 1705 No. 4164/3 By the Opportunity of a Runner, called the Neptune Galley,..we have..received Letters from the..Fleet. a1773 S. M. Leake (1895) (Navy Rec. Soc.) 129 About eleven they passed by a small English runner that lay by under her bare poles. 1799 Ld. Nelson 20 Aug. in (1845) III. 454 The St. Vincent Cutter shall be a runner between us, as she sails very fast. 1804 Ld. Nelson Let. 17 Apr. in (1845) V. 501 Three French Privateers..have taken their Station off Tunis for the purpose of intercepting stragglers from Convoys or Runners. 7. society > trade and finance > trader > [noun] > smuggler > of certain goods society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > trading vessel > [noun] > smuggling 1719 III. xii. 18 There are Those whose Business it is to inform of Hawkers, Pedlers, Runners of Goods, and the like Offenders against the Laws of the Land. 1731 1 78 Lately a small runner put into Marazion in Cornwal, which had on board about 3 or 4 score anchors of brandy, some tobacco and soap. 1742 R. North & M. North 254 The unfair Traders, and Runners, and such as come in before the Duties are recharged, will undersell us. 1819 C. Pope (ed. 5) i. v. §26 All persons who..shall be found..with..brandy, or other spirits exceeding the quantity of five gallons,..not having a permit..shall be deemed to be runners of foreign goods. 1870 E. Peacock II. 148 Tha've ta'en five and twenty hogsheads of gin and shot three o' th' runners. 1876 9 Feb. A bill will be presented in the Legislature to-morrow increasing the penalties imposed on liquor runners who visit this state. 1922 S. Lewis vii. 97 A cocaine-runner and a prostitute were drinking cocktails in Healey Hanson's saloon. 1943 J. C. Miller xiv. 340 Although Englishmen supposed that Boston was a nest of smugglers, its citizens had long since lost their pre-eminence as runners of contraband. 1965 T. Wolfe in Mar. 71 (heading) He is a coon hunter, a rich man, an ex-whiskey runner, a good old boy who hard-charges stock cars at 175 m.p.h. 1999 7 Jan. 6/4 A customs officer was made a Commander of the British Empire..for his contribution in the war against bootleg booze-runners and drug smugglers. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > fishing vessel > [noun] > vessels which store, freeze, or transport fish 1881 E. Ingersoll (10th Census U.S.: Bureau of Fisheries) 164 Another branch of the trade conducted by vessels, generally known as runners... The runner will anchor near some tonging-ground, and an empty basket or a small flag will be hoisted to the masthead as a signal that she is ready to receive oysters. 1887 G. B. Goode II. 552 As soon as a tonger has caught as many as his small boat will carry he sells out to the runner and returns to work. 1904 23 Mar. 8/4 The captain of an oyster ‘runner’ who brings the catch of the tongers to market [in Baltimore]. 1919 Nov. 722/2 The engines of the ‘runners’ are all gasoline-burning, and of lighter-duty type than those of the larger, slower boats. 2003 L. S. Chowning Introd. 3/1 If a boat was owned by a seafood dealer and was used to collect oysters, crabs, and fish from watermen, the boats were referred to as run boats or runners. society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > types of sailor > [noun] > sailor engaged for single voyage 1798 E. Arthy ii. iii. 96 A ship of the fleet I came last from Jamaica with..lost one of her men, a runner,..by the Yellow Fever. 1878 26 Sept. 2/3 One of the two men at the wheel on Tuesday was an A.B.,..and the other was a ‘runner’ engaged to take the ship down to Newcastle. 1882 9 Mar. 3/9 The defendants refused to obey the..captain, the consequence being that he had to ship runners in order that the steamer might be taken out to the Roads. 1906 G. Guthrie 559 Held that a runner helping to take a ship from a dock and down a river on her trial trip was a seaman, not a workman. 1970 M. J. Mjelde xvii. 217 Poindexter shipped a crew of runners to take her back to Puget Sound in ballast. 1995 D. H. Grover v. 50 It was eventually necessary to employ a shipping master..and a crew of runners to round up the requisite crewmen. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > trading vessel > [noun] > blockade-runner 1814 Let. 13 Jan. in Mar. 384/1 Santona..is merely observed by a kind of loose blockade. The enemy's garrison contrives to get supplies from the sea, partly by successful runners from the French coast opposite. 1864 H. Brown Let. 21 Oct. in (U.S. Naval War Rec. Office) (1900) 1st Ser. X. 577 The forward pivot gun was immediately fired at her..; the runner immediately, on becoming aware of our presence, turned head S. S. W. 1867 31 Aug. 8/6 There are already in Greek waters three blockade runners engaged in trading.., and in a few days two more quick runners will leave the Mersey for a Greek port. 1918 S. D. Fess in M. Flowers 71 If a blockade is run the runner runs the risk of total loss because if his vessel is seized, his cargo can be confiscated; so can the vessel. 1943 31 Dec. 6/2 (caption) A German runner that failed to break the blockade. 2007 D. McCaig xvii. 167 Bringing a runner through the Charleston blockade was more dangerous after the Federals took Battery Wagner. 10. society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on wheels > [noun] > platform on wheels 1847 B. Gibbons 6 When every Skip arrives at the top of the Shaft, a Carriage (boarded over) called the runner is wheeled over the mouth of the pit whilst the coal is landed... The air..is thus constantly in conflicting currents..and whenever the Mouth of the Pit is impeded by the Runner in a state of partial Stagnation. 1848 June 463 Runner, Landing wagon for the skip at surface. 1894 Gloss. Terms Evid. Royal Comm. Labour 69/1 in (C. 7063–VC) XXXVIII. 411 Runner, a small iron trolley used in the printing industry for shifting stones about. 1898 C. Pamely (ed. 4) iv. 74 The ‘runner’ is pushed out with the full kibble on it, leaving the opening clear for the descent of the empty kibble. 1898 20 Oct. 4/3 The timber in each load came within the compass of the three waggons, and..no ‘runner’ was necessary. The ‘runner’..was an extra waggon coupled on to cover the projecting ends of the timber. 1906 Railway Accidents 29 in (Cd. 2969) CV. The seventh vehicle was a crane having a runner waggon at each end. 1966 H. Sheppard (ed. 2) 10 Runner, wagon used for spacing when a load overhangs. 1989 P. B. Whitehouse iii. 54/2 A short-wheelbase runner wagon, one end of which could be lowered to form a ramp. ** A device that rotates or enables rotation. 11. the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > corn-mill > millstone 1533 J. Heywood sig. Ciiiv Fere not the lydger be ware your ronner. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas i. ii. 53 Some-times whirling..The round-flat Runner in a roaring Mill. 1686 R. Plot ix. 337 Two wheels, whereof one was fastened to the runner of the first Mill, and the second to the runner of the grinding-Mill. 1758 W. Emerson (ed. 2) xiii. 221 The lower stone N is the lyer, being fixt immoveable upon beams of wood; and the upper stone is the runner. 1781 (1785) 7 20 The stones which composed these primitive..mills..were two; an upper stone or runner, and a nether, called in Derbyshire a ligger. 1805 R. W. Dickson I. Pl. 24 An iron pin or pivot, which runs through the centre of the bed-stone, into a socket in the bridge of the upper stone or runner. 1875 E. H. Knight III. 2003/1 Sometimes both stones..are driven, and thus become the upper and lower runner, respectively. 1917 M. Falkner & T. Fjelstrup tr. P. A. Kozmin iv. 157 The upper rotating stone B, the runner, is set on a vertical shaft i1i by means of a cross-head g, the driving iron. 1997 Spring 94 An ancient skill which involves reshaping the surface of both the ‘bedstone’, the fixed, lower stone, and the ‘runner’, the rotating, upper stone. 1667 T. Sprat 281 A piece of heavy wood made like a Trencher,..called a Runner, which when the Sieve is moved, by its weight and motion forces the Powder thorow the upper Sieve. 1844 5 22 He puts in a piece of lignum-vitae, called a runner, circular, and with convex surfaces, and so constructed as to granulate the press-cake. 1875 E. H. Knight III. 2004/1 Runner-ball, (Gunpowder) a wooden disk which crushes the mill-cake through the meshes of the sieves in granulating gunpowder. 2000 W. Cocroft ii. 35/1 The broken millcake was placed on the top sieve and a circular ‘runner’ of lignum vitae or other hard and heavy wood placed on top of it. the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > milling or grinding > [noun] > corn-mill > millstone > vertical 1707 J. Mortimer 307 A Mill may probably be so contriv'd, that the Grinding-stone or Runner may be vertical. 1760 (Royal Soc.) 51 168 In a mill..applied to the crushing of rape seed, by means of two runners upon the edge. a1824 (1845) XVI. 672/1 The Cider-mill consists of a stone wheel, provincially a ‘runner’, somewhat in the shape of a corn-mill-stone, running on its edge in a circular stone trough. 1875 46 Each mill consists of a pair of runners coupled together by a strong axle. 1911 R. K. Meade (ed. 2) vi. 129 Both the pan and runners are usually made of cast iron. 1995 4 Runners 10 and 11 are rotatably mounted via pins 14 and 15 on respective cranks 9 and 8. society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > smoothing or polishing society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > other general shaping equipment 1769 G. Cockings 21 The Runner, or Polisher, which glides over the Plate, is thrust forward, and retracted, by a Crank, in a Sort of circular Motion. 1837 11 412 A man takes hold of the pole, and commences a parallel motion, by alternately pushing and pulling the upper stone or runner to and fro. 1850 C. Holtzapffel III. 1196 The size of the grinder or, as it is called, the runner, depends upon the size and condition of the work to be ground. 1922 6 844 The polishing is done by runners of felt charged with rouge (crocus). 1960 1 The finishing of the surface of materials such as glass and stone has involved a number of stages of which the first is usually called grinding, which is frequently carried out by iron runners. 2003 M. Jalie (ed. 2) xvi. 223/2 The lenses..are about to be lowered on to the polishing runners seen in the bowl of the machine. 1831 48 368 This tilting is totally prevented by polishing several lenses together in what is called a block. For this purpose they are cemented on a curved tool called a runner. 1850 C. Holtzapffel III. 1263 For common glasses, that are ground several together, a convex tool of cast iron, called a runner, of about half an inch less radius than the templates, is also required. 1922 2/1 In operation the runner is rotated and the grinding tool brought into contact with the glass blanks to slide thereon. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > control(s) > [noun] > valve > others 1754 W. Emerson 307 Runner, a flat circular ring, between the nave and the limpin of a wheel. 1788 W. Marshall I. 269 A simple improvement of the Wheel-washer—provincially ‘Runner’—which frequently sticking in the end of the nave, wears off the ends of the linch-pin. 1826 T. Reid iii. 41 The runners.., that is, the wheels in the repeating parts of watch and clock repeaters. 1839 A. Ure 348 [In a cotton-card] h′ is the small runner or urchin, and i′ the large runner. 1877 VI. 32/2 at Clocks The points of the driven wheel or runner (as it may be called, more appropriately than the usual term follower). 1884 F. J. Britten (new ed.) 230 An idle wheel is also sometimes called a runner. the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > rubbing with towel > towel > roller-towel 1865 T. Garland List Words Common Use W. Cornwall in Apr. 52 Runner, jack-towel. 1885 4 Mar. 5/4 The body of a boy..who was found dead yesterday morning..with his head entangled in a runner towel, behind the door. 1891 J. H. Pearce i. v The stalwart great miller..was busily drying his hands on the runner that hung against the wall. 1913 E. Phillpotts xlvii. 386 He'd gone to the scullery and rigged a rope to one of they hitches for the runner-towel. 1961 V. Smith xix. 232 He reached for the runner towel behind the door. 1993 K. C. Phillipps (1998) 48 Runner, a roller towel behind the door. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > turbine > [noun] > parts of > other parts 1878 53 362 The turbine is so suspended that, with the maximum head of water of 8 feet, it revolves clear of the tail-water; when the head is small, the runner works under water. 1908 S. F. Walker v. 317 The moving wheels or runners consist of wrought-steel discs. 1947 G. F. Wislicenus i. 1 The most essential part of all types of turbomachinery is a vane-carrying rotating element, the ‘runner’, operating inside a stream of fluid or under its influence. 2006 D. Chiras ix. 236/2 Water flowing through the turbine causes a wheel, or runner as professionals call it, inside the device to turn. *** Something that slides or slips or enables such movement. 16. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > tackle or purchase > [noun] > ropes of 1618 in (1912) 2 274 The stay with Crowfeete Falls and Runners. 1644 H. Mainwaring 87 Over-hale the Runner, that is, pull down that end which hath the hook in it, to hitch it into the slings, or the like. 1688 R. Holme (1905) iii. xv. 50/1 The Runner is generally taken for any rope, running through a block which is called a running rope. 1728 E. Chambers at Ship [Plate i. 39] Runners & Tackles. 1769 W. Falconer Runner, a thick rope used to increase the mechanical powers of a tackle. 1788 G. Keate xix. 231 They..carried an anchor and hawser a-head, and got a runner and tackle purchase upon it. 1805 Log Victory 21 Oct. in Ld. Nelson (1846) VII. 153 Got up runners and tackles to secure lower masts. 1841 R. H. Dana 29 Rack the runner to the topmast backstay or after shroud. 1875 F. G. D. Bedford (ed. 2) vi. 214 Haul the runners hand taut before hoisting. 1921 A. M. Knight (ed. 8) ix. 189 As soon as it is waterborne, slacking the slings, the ring of the slings is run clear of the hook by a pull on the runner. 1933 June 926/2 You can use fore-shroud line for the garnet guy, main-shroud line for its pendant, and the other thread sizes for runner and tackle. 2003 K. H. Marquardt 177/1 The runner had its standing part spliced round the boom end. society > occupation and work > equipment > lifting or hoisting equipment > [noun] > tackle > pulley(s) mounted in case > types of a1738 R. Helsham (1739) vii. 104 If to any of the forementioned machines be added a runner, that is, a single moveable pulley, which has its own rope distinct from that which is common to the other pulleys,..the force of the former machines will be doubled. 1829 (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. Mechanics viii. 33 The single moveable pulley, sometimes called a runner. 1893 C. H. Haswell (ed. 58) 632 A single movable pulley is termed a runner. 17. the world > matter > light > firework > [noun] > types of 1647 G. Browne (single sheet) Runners on a line, intimating [i.e. symbolizing] the Papists sending to all parts of the world, for subtill, cunning, and malitious Plotters of mischiefe against Englands King and Parliament. 1688 No. 2362/3 Rockets, Runers on the Line, Wheels, Reporters, Hercules Club, and great Guns, with all manner of other Fire-works were discharged. 1738 3 Aug. The Fireworks begun with a Discharge of small Brass Cannon, and was succeeded by Line-Rockets or Runners, Wheel-Rockets or Girandolas [printed Givandolas], two at a Time. society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hoop or ring > sliding society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > mountaineering or climbing > [noun] > artificial aid > types of 1688 R. Holme iii. 325/2 Two other Kinds of Barnacles..hath a Runner or Ring to make it wider or closer together, as the Runner is drawn up it. 1688 R. Holme (1905) iii. 126/1 Parts and appurtenances belonging to a sword and belt... The Buckle. The Runner. 1727 58 To this belongs a Belt or Girdle..lined with a White Watred Tabby, with a Gold Buckle, Runner and Tab, to which Hangers of the same are affixed. 1875 E. H. Knight II. 934/2 Gag-rein, a rein which passes over runners attached to the throat-latch, so as to draw the bit up into the corners of the horse's mouth when pulled upon. 1875 E. H. Knight III. 2004/1 Runner,..the slider of an umbrella to which the spreaders are pivoted. 1898 T. B. Drybrough v. 103 Swivel runners attached to bits are good for passing running reins through. 1956 C. Evans xii. 127 Two moves brought him to a chockstone to which he fastened a second runner. 1971 D. Haston in C. Bonington xvii. 206 The rope ran out so I tied all my aid slings and runners together. 2003 M. Hunter iv. 61 I..tried to slide the runner back down the rod [of the umbrella], but the damage was irreversible. society > occupation and work > equipment > piercing or boring tools > [noun] > boring tool > for boring in the ground > equipment for use with 1839 A. Ure 966 The runner, for taking hold of the topit. 1869 G. C. Greenwell (ed. 2) 137 A runner attached to the rope from the jack-roll is passed over the top of the rods. 1908 R. A. S. Redmayne I. iv. 87 When it is desired to draw the rods..a ‘runner’ is attached to the rope and passed over the rods to the top of which the ‘topit’ has been screwed. 18. society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on runners > [noun] > runner of 1747 22 Dec. A pair of handsome slay runners. 1765 22 July 4/1 To be sold, a light fashionable four wheeler Carriage, with Runners to the same. 1789 T. Anburey I. 142 Those [carrioles] of their superiors are raised upon what are called runners, which elevate them about two feet. 1837 G. G. Macdougall tr. W. A. Graah 118 Its very bones serve to tip his darts, and shoe the runners of his sledge. 1859 F. A. Griffiths (1862) 63 The recoil may be..lessened by placing a small chain round each of the runners. 1881 22 535/2 [The ice-yacht] is then backed farther, till the runners are also raised on the farther edge of the ice. 1937 12 Apr. 25/2 (caption) Professor Childe..told the symposium of finding the runners of a 5,000-year-old sledge deep in a peat bog in Finland. 1954 R. Martin xiii. 91 The ‘skeleton bob’ is a steel chassis with two steel runners, about 3 feet long and about 13 inches apart. 1969 L. G. Sorden 100 Rutter, a form of plow for cutting ruts in an iced logging road for the runners of a sleigh. 2005 (Nexis) 29 Jan. i. 1 Feel the pull of sled dogs and hear the swish of runners as a dogsled glides through the snow on Lac Laberge. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skating > [noun] > skate > parts of 1833 Feb. 285 The runners are brought up in front till they turn over and touch the top of the foot, and being rounded on the edges and highly burnished, the appearance is light and handsome. 1893 5 Jan. 7/1 The beautifully-made modern runner, the narrow blade of which is prolonged a prodigious distance beyond the toe and finished with a curious up-turned boss. 1902 No. 112. 753/3 The runner of this skate is made of cold rolled steel. 1959 22 Dec. c3/2 (advt.) Men's Hi-Speed full tubular Racer Skates. Diamond tested tool steel runners. 1999 (Nexis) Sept. 27 The runner for each skate size is ¼ in. longer than the respective holder. 19. Angling. the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > other fishing equipment > [noun] > other fishing devices 1766 R. Brookes (new ed.) 155 Runners, bits of Quills to fasten your Line to your Float. 1820 T. F. Salter xi. 95 If the lines were fastened to bank runners instead of peg sticks, the angler would sustain much less loss of lines, hooks and Eels, as the line gives way gradually from the runner. 1834 J. Baddeley 79 Unwind as much line from your hand runner as will reach the spot you intend to cast your bait to. 1882 D. Foster ix. 98 In some parts a small quill float is used, being attached with a wire loop at each extremity, in lieu of the ordinary runner. 1937 P. Gosse vi. 161 To catch pike..he recommends the use of such miserable and cruel contraptions as bank-runners and trimmers. 1956 A. Savory xix. 161 At last we came to where one of the bank-runners was set. There was an eel of about 1 lb. on the hook. 1998 (Nexis) 21 Mar. 35 A hook and a live bait was attached to the line and cast into the water; the runner was stuck into the bank and you came back and collected your pike the next day. the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fishing-line > [noun] > other types of line 1835 28 Mar. 202/1 A Perch of eight pounds taken..by a runner, or night-line, baited with a roach. 20. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > members of 1772 29 Gable end of the curing house, and part of the roof down, which broke the stauncheons and runner beam. 1838 D. Stevenson ix. 246 [The railroad] consists of two lines of longitudinal wooden runners..from three to four inches in thickness, bedded on broken stone or gravel. On these runners, transverse sleepers..are placed. 1848 15 Feb. A very extensive scaffolding, consisting of uprights or standards, which support massive wooden runners at the top, on which is placed a line of temporary rails. 1891 (rev. ed.) II. x. 216 The capsills or ‘runners’ [of the gantry]..are supported by struts. 1923 July 22/3 We use ropes for girders, where other builders use steel or wooden runners. 1960 O. Skilbeck 112 Runners, overhead girders with their depending tackle, from which, on modern stages, lamps and even complete prefabricated sets are hung. 1996 R. L. Peurifoy & G. D. Oberlender (ed. 3) xi. 308 The center runner must sustain the pressure from its center to the midpoint between the adjacent runners on each side. the world > movement > progressive motion > specific manner of progressive motion > [noun] > that on which anything moves easily 1778 6 12/1 The party covering the wood-cutters have a brass field-piece, fixed on runners. 1815 9 201/2 [We] moved the one-half of the arch off sideways, forty-six feet, on to the runners one hundred and eighty-five feet long. 1833 J. C. Loudon §1585 Proper framed legs, rails, and runners (pieces of wood for the drawers to slide on, and to guide them). 1878 Nov. 46 The barn or house was pried up and great runners, cut in the woods, placed under it, and under the runners were placed skids. To these runners it was securely chained and pinned. 1891 C. Roberts 57 Taking a fish-plate he uses it as a lever to shift the door [of the train car] from its runners, and crawls in. 1939–40 1077/2 Curtain fittings... ‘Huntband’ Glide... 4 Runners to the foot. 1960 36 328/2 1 nylon ball-bearing curtain runner. 1995 Autumn–Winter 768/1 Storage version features upholstered drawer fronts and touch sensitive ultra glide metal runners on drawers. 1864 3 365 Properly timber and protect the sides of the trench, with cross struts, walls, poling boards and runners. 1891 (rev. ed.) II. x. 209 Sometimes in very bad soil long planks called ‘runners’, having sharp ends shod with iron, are substituted for the poling boards. 1928 W. Simpson vii. 176 When test pits are of considerable depth, say, 40 ft., it is necessary to ‘double set’ the timbers, in which case two, or more sets of runners are used to reach the bottom. 1963 M. J. Tomlinson ix. 538 In water-bearing sands and silts continuous support will have to be given to the face by means of timber runners. 2008 §8b. 16/2 Where the ground conditions are less stable, the use of runners can ensure virtual continuous support to the shaft as the excavation proceeds. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > manufactured in specific way > knitted > tear in the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and feet > [noun] > stocking > parts of > tear in 1916 C. S. Burne in Mar. 173/2 She was engaged in crocheting a runner in a silk stocking when there was a knock at the door. 1931 M. de la Roche xvii. 257 Alayne noticed a long ‘runner’ on the shoulder of her knitted jumper. 1942 in H. Wentworth (1944) 525/1 She wears my finest evening gowns, gets runners in my hose. 1988 L. Hogan in 9 i. 191 She wore nylons and she was barefoot and likely to get a runner. 2000 L. A. Williams (2001) i. 11 She said that she would have gladly got up and danced too, if she hadn't had a runner in her panty hose. **** A plant that extends itself. 22. the world > plants > part of plant > shoot, sprout, or branch > [noun] > runner, creeping, or trailing shoot 1652 W. Blith iii. xxxvi. 234 In the taking up of every root there will be one runner which hath little buds upon it. 1691 J. Evelyn (ed. 8) 33 Dress up..your Strawberry beds, clipping away all their runners. 1763 J. Mills IV. 180 Their runners cannot supply the fruit with due nourishment, if they themselves have not proper strength. 1786 J. Abercrombie Arrangem. Plants 84 in Propagate by runner young plants produced in summer. 1837 (1842) 2 176 The runners..having taken root, the old plants must be destroyed. 1882 25 Mar. 205/1 The single sorts..are best grown from runners every year. 1946 A. Nelson xxiv. 466 Potato tubers, sugar-cane sets, strawberry runners, or raspberry off-sets are all highly dangerous if derived from diseased crops. 1975 22 Nov. 10/5 The elegant climber Philodendron scandens..produces small plantlets on thread-like runners. 2005 J. A. Gardner & K. Bussolini iv. 103 Over the winter, the older plants die out, but the next season, young plant develop and send out more runners. the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > [noun] > creeping, climbing, or spiring > creeping or climbing plant 1731 P. Miller I. at Acetosa It is a great Runner at the Root, by which Means it is easily propagated. 1906 June 35 The strawberry plant is a runner. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > bean > scarlet runner bean or plant 1772 R. Weston III. 555 White-flowering Indian Kidney-Bean. There are also the following Varieties of this sort. Negro Runner. Large Dutch Runner. Battersea Runner. 1786 J. Abercrombie 203 Runner kidney beans—may also be sowed now. 1850 5 281 The plants are runners, and consequently require sticks, or to be topped, if sticks cannot be afforded. 1870 30 257 The plant is a runner, or climbing herb of large size, ascending upon the neighbouring trees and bushes. 1882 11 Mar. 164/3 Early Peas..might be cleared off in time for a crop of dwarf French or Runner Beans. 1933 Mar. 76/2 The runner bean..of Mexican parentage or origin is here grown as a tender annual. 1968 4 May 25/4 I have been growing my runners in recent years up single stout poles set about 4ft. apart. 2005 Apr. 118/2 It is enlivened by a succession of tall metal ‘teepees’ which support not only runner beans and sweet peas but also pumpkins and squashes. 1889 E. Peacock (ed. 2) 630 Runner, a turnip or mangel-wurzel which, in autumn, instead of forming a fleshy root shoots up a flowering stalk. ***** A device or implement that is run through or along some material. the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > baker's equipment > pastry cutter 1688 R. Holme (1905) iii. xxii. 274/2 Instruments belonging to the Cook. The first is termed a Runner with Twichers... The second is called a Runner with an Halfe Round... These are to cut through past, or make veriaty [sic] of marks and indents. 1723 J. Nott sig. Kk Turn the Paste over the Spinage,..close them well up,..and cut them round with a Runner or Jag. 1795 Mrs. Frazer (ed. 2) iii. 183 Double the paste,..and mark it neatly with a paste runner, or plait it round the edges. 1804 Mrs. Hudson & Mrs. Donat iv. 133 Cut the paste with a runner like straws, and ornament the tops with them in any figure you please. 1891 R. Wells iii. 53 Jigger the top nicely into a diamond shape with the paste runner. 1976 L. C. Franklin iii. 130/2 Other names for a jagger are: jag, jagging iron,..pie trimmer, runner, rimmer. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > winding on spool or bobbin > spool or bobbin 1784 349 How many splits are on a web of 75 runners and 15 bouts? 1831 J. Murphy (ed. 3) xiii. 485 If six numbers of the yarn be wound on the bobbin, as is generally the case, the number of bobbins, or runners, in this example will be 97. 1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward 428/2 Runners, the name by which the Bobbins that work across a pattern in Pillow Lace making are known. 1953 A. Jobson xi. 124 The winder worked in conjunction with a wrap wheel, or an adjustable wool winder, which was a stand to which were attached rices or runners. 1982 P. Earnshaw 98 Leader, worker, weaver, runner,..the bobbins which are actively moved during the lacemaking and carry the threads in and out of the passives or downrights. 1992 July 24/1 These bobbins are called the weavers or runners, as they are the only pairs that get woven through. society > communication > book > manufacture or production of books > book-binding > bookbinding equipment > [noun] > other equipment 1818 H. Parry 2 Runner, a smooth-faced board placed on the right hand of the book when cutting. 1823 G. Martin 15 Two cutting boards are now applied, one before and the other behind, bringing the front one, or runner, up so near to the mark..as to leave the boards a sufficient..projection beyond the leaves of the book. 1880 J. W. Zaehnsdorf xv. 60 The book being lowered into the press, the runner is put flush with the cheek of the press. 1885 W. J. E. Crane viii. 73 The boards..are placed in the press between two cutting-boards, one behind the board called a ‘cut-against’, because against this the plough-knife cuts, and one in front, to guide the knife, termed the ‘runner’. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > decoration of china > [noun] > tools 1840 12 Dec. 267/2 A row of beads or other figures is sometimes made round the pots by an instrument resembling a scolloper, called a runner. 1877 1 172/2 A medal [will be given] for the best piece of turned or shaved pottery ornamented by the runner or other hand tool. 1951 J. H. Marshall II. xxiii. 436 The roulette or ‘runner’ is a toothed wheel which can be run over the surface of the clay so as to produce a line of tooth or other patterns. 1974 G. Savage & H. Newman 250 Runner, a pointed tool used to decorate the body of a piece of pottery while it is cheese-hard and revolving on the potter's wheel. II. A thing or person that enables liquid to flow, or a thing that flows. the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > straining > [noun] > strainer a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in (2002) i. 126 To iij. basouns ye must haue iij bagges renners, so clepe ham we. 1508 (de Worde) sig. A.iiv Loke ye haue fyue or syxe bagges for your Ipocras to renne in & a perche that your renners may hange on. 1516 in (1872) 418/2 A irne brander, twa rynnars, a irne chimney. 28. the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > rivulet or runnel 1578 in J. M. Thomson (1886) IV. 783/1 Ascending the gait quhilk ledis to Montrois our the rynner. 1595 in J. H. Ramsay (1915) 141 As the said strype and rinner of watter rinis to the Dokkand wall. 1707 in J. Anderson (1899) 701 The runner from the milndamhead to the milnhole miln. 1767 in R. S. Craig & A. Laing (1898) 220 On the other side of the runner of the bog along the march. 1825 J. T. Brockett Gill, a narrow glen with steep and rocky banks on each side, and with a runner of water between these banks. 1851 J. F. W. Johnston I. i. 29 A little runner flowing down the centre of the notch. 1893 J. Watson 91 A sea-salmon is in the domain of the whole world one day; in a trickling runner among the hills the next. 1903 G. B. Hodgson iii. 120 His body was discovered by a country lad in a runner of water at Boldon. 1928 A. E. Pease Runnel, a small stream or runner of water. 1761 27 July 2 By keeping open the Runner of Water, it drained the Grounds on both Hands. 1789 J. Brand II. 684 A little runner or feeder to supply the reservoir with water, is necessary. 1805 23 59 To prevent a runner of water overflowing several acres of flat land. 1830 W. Bennet II. 85 A wee bit runner that a herd had cut to keep the grun' dry about it. 1877 G. Fraser 81 The scavengers are particularly to keep..the syvors sunk, runners and iron hecks thereon always clear and clean. 1880 W. H. Patterson at Runners I made runners across the pad to keep it dry. 1988 G. Lamb Rinner,..a small water channel or drain, especially in the byre. 1996 C. I. Macafee 282/1 Runner, a small channel for water. the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > [noun] > serving liquor > tapster or barmaid 1601 in D. Masson (1884) 1st Ser. VI. 227 Ventaris and rynnaris of wynis. 1605 in W. M. Metcalfe (1902) 280 The taverners and rynners of wyne..sall sell the wyne na derar..nor sax schillingis viij d. the pynt. 1612 (1899) IX. 508 The ventennar and rynnar of the said beir micht accordinglie sell the same. society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > channel for conveying molten metal 1799 5 128 The metal..is then..conveyed by a channel, made in sand, to its proper destination; the principal channel, or runner, is called the sow. 1843 C. Holtzapffel I. 295 In casting large masses of gun-metal, it frequently happens that little hard lumps..work up to the surface of the runners or pouring places. 1873 E. Spon 1st Ser. 361/2 Holding the ladle at least 1 ft. above the runner so as to give weight and force to the burning metal. 1886 25 Sept. 197/1 A trough or runner leads from each furnace to a pool or basin placed at the mouth of the pit, and from which a short runner conveys the molten iron to the mould. 1920 A. H. Fay 704/1 Troughman, one who takes care of the runner at pig-casting machine, while iron is being poured from ladle cars. 1941 E. W. Howard in G. W. Barnwell xiv. 435 The whole stack is poured through a single runner, gates being provided for each mold. 1973 12 Feb. (Anchor Project Suppl.) p. ii/6 A separate bay which is well designed for mould cooling and equipped for..preparation of trumpets and runners for up-run teeming. 2005 N. Gershenfeld 96 Molten plastic is forced in through the external opening in the mold... It then spreads through a channel called the runner and into the cavity through gates. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [noun] > cast metal > piece of metal on casting 1843 C. Holtzapffel I. 324 The breaks, or the runners, of the types are first broken off [etc.]. 1886 23 July 469/2 Buy of the typefounders what are known as ‘breaks’, the runners broken off in casting large letters or quads in hand moulds. 1891 18 Dec. 361/3 Pour in enough to leave a runner projecting outside. 1951 294 The casting then had projections of metal known as ‘runners’ or ‘gates’ where the metal had been poured in. 1980 18 6 The runners have to be cut off, the sculpture ground and polished. III. Something extended in space, or a person who carries out the extending of something. 32. the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > beef > [noun] > other cuts or parts 1688 in M. Wood & H. Armet (1954) XI. 275 Boutcher flesh..the lyar peeces and rinners, 1 s. 8 d. 1723 9 May His back-sayes, his fore-sayes, breasts, runners, flanks, hook-bones, narrow-bones, collop-pieces, and rump-pieces all at 4s. Scots per pound. 1755 E. Cleland iii. 50 Take a broad runner of Beef, bone it, rub it with white Salt and Salt-petre. 1844 H. Stephens II. xxxv. 169 The two runners, and..the nineholes, making salting and boiling pieces. 1856 J. Aiton (ed. 2) ii. 98 For boiling-pieces of beef, the runner, the nineholes, and the breast are the best. 1911 C. Watson v. 52 The usual Scotch mode of cutting-up an ox:..First runner. This is cut close by the shoulder-bone, and is used for boiling or stewing. 2003 (Nexis) 26 Jan. 32 You are unlikely to find classic Scotch broth, bulging with barley, marrowfat peas, vegetables and an entire runner of beef, rammed into a tin [of soup]. 1790 A. Stewart 119/2 Otter, kips and runners, per ct..5 l. 1847 10 Dec. Hides and Skins—..kip, 25s to 28s per cwt; runners, 15s. 1872 9 Oct. Green-salted Hides and Skins..if thin and poor, they are called runners, or murrains, and are sold at the price of Hides. 1893 H. E. Brook 55 In shipping hides the stock could be culled, and the ‘runners’, or lean hides, worked up into ‘lace leather’. 1911 8 Apr. 33/2 Country present receipt kips are dull, including long-haired runners. 33. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > carpet > strip of carpet 1846 6 Feb. (advt.) The hall, stair-case, &c... Matting, Mats, and Carpet Runners. 1875 20 Jan. 2/1 (advt.) This week we shall offer the second portion for Sale, consisting of 18-inch Canvas-back Stair and Lobby Runners, in remnants of 1 and 4 yards, at 2½d a yard. 1900 J. K. Mumford Introd. 5 I have heard two Hamadanlis disputing for half an hour as to whether a certain pair of runners came from Kara Geuz or Kengawar. 1940 7 Aug. 7/5 You said you saw a stair runner exactly the same shade of red as your hair. That was in my house. 1972 ‘H. Carmichael’ i. 8 The entrance hall had a runner of royal-blue carpet down the centre with parquet flooring on either side. 2003 S. Hawkins 26 It makes a striking stair carpet but would also be lovely as a runner along a hallway or landing. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > household linen > table linen > [noun] > tablecloth > long ornamental strip 1884 11 July 8/9 (advt.) Traced Antimacassars 31/ 2d. Table Cloths 111/ 2d. Table Runners 1s 11d. 1904 2 June 6 Two long linen runners, one each way of the table, are now used in preference to the whole cloth or doilies. 1916 Jan. 686/2 Miss Leveridge rose and straightened the runner on the dresser beside which she had been sitting. 1974 M. Ingate ii. 11 On the lace runner on the dressing table was a photograph. 2004 14 72/1 (caption) A homemade runner made from matelassé fabric gives the table a dash of style. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > [noun] > processes involved in > other > one who 1853 26 Mar. 78/1 Not that one man wholly makes a pair of boots and shoes; far otherwise. There is the shoe-closer, who works the upper leather; the shoe-man, who attaches the unders to the uppers;..the blocker, the runner, the clicker, and the cleaner-up. 1876 G. Dodd 32/2 The making up of the pieces into boots and shoes is the work of persons who are rather minutely classified into boot-closers, shoe-closers, shoe-men, boot-men, clickers, runners, blockers, welt-men, heel-men, binders, &c. society > communication > printing > printers' symbols and directions > [noun] > reference marks 1888 C. T. Jacobi 117 Runners, figures or letters placed down the length of a page to indicate the particular number or position of any given line. 1926 W. H. Slater iii. 16 Runners are generally used in translations, and then only when the author has written a running commentary on the peculiarities of the original. 2000 A. Campbell 181 Runners, the numbers placed in the margin of a text to form references for identifying particular lines of that text. IV. A person who operates or manages something. 36. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > [noun] > one who operates machine society > travel > rail travel > railway worker > [noun] > train-staff > engine-driver 1848 J. J. Oswandel Jrnl. 15 May in (1885) x. 549 [He] is one of the working lights and runners of the Hibernia Engine Co.,..and expects to run with the machine soon again. 1855 J. S. G. Richardson 8 194 The runner of a locomotive..perils his own life, and all who are dependant upon his care, when he runs over a cow or other animal. 1859 44 Hunt Mrs. J. W. sewing machine runner, w[est] s[outh] State b[etween] Berry and Michigan. 1890 68 349 There are two classes of runners, and a second-class man must run an engine two years before he can be promoted to first-class. 1910 (Albany Dept. Labor) i. iii. 94 If a runner employed in either mill is requested to go to the opposite mill..he shall cheerfully acquiesce. 1916 2 Oct. 12/4 (advt.) Help wanted... One hoisting Engineer and derrick runner. 1945 F. H. Hubbard ii. 9 Dispatchers regarded him as a ‘fast roller’, a runner who could be depended upon to get his train over the road ‘on the card’. 1999 C. McElroy ii. 50 Years of work as a pousse-pousse [= push-push] runner had toughened his body. society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > manager or administrator 1893 M. Holley i. 4 His parents..[were] good respectable..people..and runners of a cheese factory. 1949 20 Feb. (Mag.) 49/2 The runners of businesses a generation hence. 2009 P. Newton et al. (Viva) (ed. 5) 208 The owner and shop runner Yolanda will take care of you with a smile. society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > disorder or riot > [noun] > action or behaviour of gangs of hooligans > member of gang of hooligans > leader 1972 C. H. Fuller in W. King 142 ‘He coulda' done you in,’ Rosalee enjoined... ‘He's the runner of Tenth and Montgomery—Reuben is 'Little Blood', girl!’ 1973 14 Oct. (Today Suppl.) 29/1 Often nobody even knows who the runner (gang leader) is. 2005 W. Henderson i. 10 Thin Man years ago was the runner of the Logan Nation street gang. The guy who testified on him was from Logan Nation, a guy Thin Man knew almost all his life. Phrases1710 69 I am now inform'd who was (if not the Country Quack, yet) the Country Quack's pretended Friend, and Runner of Errands to Mr Seignior &c. 1826 28 July 93 An odd red-headed runner of errands was by them promised protection and a reward to break the windows and take the papers. 1922 E. Wharton xv. 176 She would more and more be used as a convenience, a stop-gap, writer of notes, runner of errands, nursery governess or companion. 2007 (Nexis) 15 Nov. d8 To many, he was the raker of leaves, shoveler of snow, mower of lawns and runner of errands. 1885 21 Mar. 148/1 It is a most difficult task to select probable runners and riders at this, the eleventh hour. 1906 16 Oct. 109/2 At last the bell is ringing, and by that sign alone you know that the horses are running... Now you can discern the runners and riders, though they are yet too far away to distinguish colours. 1955 18 May 4/1 Probable runners and riders for the Irish 2,000 Guineas. 1972 22 Jan. 46/3 This weekend sees the first of the World Championship F1 races and most of the runners and riders will be there. 2000 J. J. Connolly (2004) 47 Like he can look into my nut and read my mind like it is the runners and riders page. 2010 (Nexis) 16 July 25 The runners and riders for this year's Mercury Prize will be announced in London next Tuesday. 1957 2 Aug. 6/6 Mr. Macmillan roundly denounced this [sc. a proposed inquiry] as ‘a compromise by malice out of innuendo’. As far as he was concerned it was ‘not a runner’. 1980 (Nexis) 22 Nov. 80 A cabinet committee..this week admitted that neither of its new constitutional proposals was a runner. 1996 M. Clapp & E. Southby-Tailyour vii. 217 Goose Green, as a suggested additional FOB [= Forward Operating Base], was not a runner, as the provision of fuel would have been impossible from a ship. 2005 W. Wall 157 I'm thinking of starting a racing club down the clinic. Formula One Cripples. How's that for a title? Foc for short. It's a runner, all right, I say. Compounds C1. General attributive. 1791 J. Smeaton 198 The runner block K will only rise..through half that space. 1822 T. Arnold 326 Some put on a runner purchase, inside of the hawse-hole; but this is a very bad purchase, as the friction and the short nip in the hawse act very much against it. 1841 R. H. Dana 46 A Runner-Tackle is a luff applied to a runner. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher 586 Runner-purchase, the addition of a tackle to a single rope, then termed a pendant, passing through a block applied to the object to be moved. 1882 D. Kemp (ed. 3) iv. 32 The double blocks on the bowsprit shrouds and runner tackle are fiddles. 1984 J. Harland (1985) vii. 121/2 A runner block was lashed to the mast about two-thirds, or three-quarters of the way up. 2008 M. Drayton tr. D. Fabbroni i. 32 It is common practice to splice a smaller line to the end of the runner tail. 1866 17 Mar. 412/4 The Minnehaha [ice boat] also met with an accident by the breaking of her runner-plank. 1897 29 341/1 The runner-board of a careening, unruly ice-boat. 1949 24 Sept. 1/5 School children in Mentor dug out their skiis and sharpened the runner blades on their sleds today in anticipation of an early winter. 1962 19 Jan. 56 Skeeters average 22 feet in length, with a 16- to 20-foot runner plank, and are limited to 75 square feet of sail. 2003 W. Lindstrom xxviii. 257 ‘We've got a runner board coming off on this side!’.. Jeb and the crew crouched on the left side of the sled. C2. With adverbs. See also runner-up n.c1390 (a1376) W. Langland (Vernon) (1867) A. x. 107 (MED) Men þat Cunne mony Craftes..Þruft or þeodam with hem selden is I-seye..Poul þe Apostel In his pistel wrot In ensaumple of suche Rennars a-boute. ?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 109v, in at Renner(e Renners aboute fro house to hous..& fro towne to towne..seme þat þei kunne hele of alle maner sekenesse of þe yȝen. 1449 (1814) II. 36/1 Gif thar be ony that makis thaim fulis that ar nocht bardis or sic lik vtheris rynnaris aboute. 1574 G. Baker tr. f. 43 Among the common Runners about (which use to cut for the stone and Ruptures) is used a great abuse. 1609 J. Skene tr. ii. f. 135v Feinȝied fooles, bairdis, r[y]nners about,..may be hanged. (Harl. 221) 297 Lepare, or rennar a-wey, fugax, fugitivus. 1548 f. clxvv The Frenchmen knowyng by these good runners away of ye erles approchyng. 1607 A. Willet xi. 167 The departure of the flier or runner away. 1847 C. Dickens (1848) xxxii. 332 You conspirators, and hiders, and runners-away, should know better than that. 1921 L. Golding ii. vii. 128 At this moment..the idea of running away occurred to him. He had lately been reading the triumphant career of a runner-away. 1949 ‘J. Tey’ vii. 53 He certainly wasn't a runner-away by nature. He was a sensitive child but very brave. 2006 C. Bateson (2007) 115 Oh, come on, Harley, tell me. As a fellow runner-away. 1883 W. S. Gresley 208 Runner on [the person who loads the cages at the pit bottom, and gives the signals to bank]. C3. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > mountaineering or climbing > [noun] > artificial aid > types of 1791 J. Smeaton §243 They had secured the sweep rope by letting drop a Runner-Ring. 1877 1 The sloped shoulder S..rotates the runner-ring R, to which is attached the stretchers t. 1905 J. W. Thurso i. v. 122 The material for the guide- and runner-rings should be a hard quality of cast iron. 1990 L. Mueller ii. x. 162 When he [sc. the dog] races towards the bowl, yell whoa just before the runner ring hits the stake. 1844 H. Stephens III. 1176 It consists of the runner-staple, b, which is from 8 to 10 inches in length. C4. With runner's. 1975 15 May 9/3 The first 20 or 30 minutes you feel rotten... Almost as consistent is the ‘runner's high’ that occurs 30 to 40 minutes after starting. 2003 G. Kolata viii. 175 Vigorous exercise..is supposed to flood the brain with morphine-like chemicals, endorphins, that elicit feelings of euphoria, giving you a so-called runner's high. 1972 W. Clancy in G. Sheehan ii. 48 (title) ‘Runner's knee’ symptoms... The most common problem for track athletes in our athletic clinic..is chondromalacia of the patella. 1977 8 Aug. 375/2 Sports Injuries taught me that runner's knee is the iliotibial tract syndrome. 1981 J. Fonda (1982) 59 I paid for this mistake with a painful ‘runner's knee’. 2004 Oct. 61/1 Sports medicine specialists have long assumed that the resulting torque on your shinbone would pull the kneecap off-centre, setting you up for runner's knee. Derivatives society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on runners > [adjective] > having runners 1843 July 14 We encountered brooks and ditches, which had broken their confinement... In one place Mr. Guérout's little low runnered cariole, called a Verlina, was floating. 1887 Mar. 270 The small, runnered sleigh is used. 1914 15 Apr. 8/5 She has all the best gear for reaching land,..with skin boats fitted with ivory-runnered sleds to take them over ice obstructions. 1966 ‘A. Burgess’ (2004) iii. i. 136 Hillier drew the runnered curtain across his view of Yarylyuk. 2007 L. Samson iv. 55 A voice calls from the stairway, and Leslie's slender feet in bone-colored Grasshoppers descend the runnered steps. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). runnern.2 Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: run v., run n.2, -er suffix1, runner n.1 Etymology: Either < run v. or run n.2 + -er suffix1, or a specific use of runner n.1; compare do v. 19a. Perhaps compare to do a scarper at scarper v. Derivatives, to do a swelter at swelter n. 1, in which -er is part of the stem. colloquial (originally and chiefly British). the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > go away suddenly or hastily the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [verb (intransitive)] > as thieves or criminals 1980 ‘Athletico Spizz 80’ (title of album) Do a runner. 1981 B. Ashley viii. 162 Kids disappeared on their own, parents frantic or couldn't care less, grown-ups done a runner. 1986 21 June 3/8 He had been put into police cells and given a kicking after he ‘tried to do a runner’. 1994 (Nexis) 4 May 65 Katie and Sophie have been on their own since the father did a runner. 1997 H. Kureishi 174 The bastard's doing a runner. With my money! 2010 (Nexis) 5 Apr. 13 The system..prevents tenants from doing a runner without paying the power bill. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1OE n.21980 |
