rufusn.

Brit.

/ˈruːfəs/, U.S.

/ˈrufəs/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rūfus.

Etymology: Ultimately < classical Latin rūfus red, red-haired (see rufous adj.), a frequent Roman cognomen. Compare rufe n., an earlier borrowing of the same Latin word.Compare the use of Rufus as an epithet of William II (reigned 1087–1100), attested from at least a1124 in post-classical Latin and from at least the 15th cent. in English; compare:c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Kings of Eng. (Harl. 372) in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 713 William Rufus..Destroied cherchis..To make a forest plesant for huntyng.1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 317/1 William, surnamed Rufus, that is to say William the red,..began his reigne ouer Englande..in the yeare .1087.1613 J. Hayward Liues III. Normans 153 His [sc. King William's] face was red, his haire deepely yealow, by reason whereof he was called Rufus.1706 D. Defoe Jure Divino x. 13 (note) He [sc. William] was call'd Rufus from his Red Hair.Compare (as the name of the same king) Anglo-Norman Guillelme le Ros ; see discussion and examples at rouse adj. Compare also the use of Rufus as a male forename, attested in England from at least the early Middle English period. Rufus (and in more naturalized form rufe) also occurs as an adjective in sense ‘red, reddish, (perhaps) golden red’ in Middle English: see Middle Eng. Dict. at rūf(e adj.

Also with capital initial.

1. colloquial. (A nickname for) a red-haired person, esp. a man.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > rustic or peasant

tillman940

churla1000

ploughman1223

bondmanc1250

bondc1275

ploughswain1296

countrymanc1300

boundec1320

Hobc1325

charla1400

landmana1400

Jack (John) Upland1402

carlc1405

bowerc1430

peasanta1450

rurala1475

agrest1480

bergier1480

carlleina1500

rustical?1532

ploughboy1544

boor1548

rusticc1550

kern1556

tillsman1561

clown1563

Jocka1568

Jock upalanda1568

John Uponlanda1568

russet coat1568

rustican1570

hind?1577

swain1579

Corydon1581

mountain man1587

Phillis1589

sylvan1589

russeting1597

Joan1598

stubble boy1598

paysan1609

carlota1616

swainling1615

raiyat1625

contadino1630

under-swaina1644

high shoe1647

boorinn1649

Bonhomme1660

high-shoon-man1664

countrywoman1679

villan1685

russet gown1694

ruralist1739

paysanne1748

bauer1799

bonderman1804

bodach1830

contadina1835

agrestian1837

peasantess1841

country jake1845

rufus1846

bonder1848

hayseed1851

bucolic1862

agricole1882

country jay1888

child (son, etc.) of the soil1891

hillbilly1900

palouser1903

kisan1935

woop woop1936

swede-basher1943

the world > life > the body > hair > colour of hair > [noun] > red > person having

redhead1510

ginger1823

Titian1839

bricktop1841

rufus1846

sorrel-top1863

ginger nob1878

coppernob1880

bluey1892

ginge1911

ranga2003

1846 Hilpert's Englisch-Deutsches u. Deutsch-Englisches Wörterbuch II. 274/1 A rufus, a red-haired or sandy-haired man.

1857 W. H. Ainsworth Mervyn Clitheroe v. 39 He was..by no means a bad-looking fellow, though perhaps too much of a Rufus for some people's tastes.

1900 A. F. M. Ferryman Ann. Sandhurst vi. 42 To rid the community of a certain Rufus, or ‘Ginger-wig’, as the gentleman was named.

1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren ix. 170 Red heads attract a barrage of nicknames:..reddy, red kipper, red mop, red thatch, red paint brush, Rufus, and Rusty.

2010 Oxf. Dict. National Biogr. (Electronic ed.) 22 Jan. at Mackenzie, Sir Hugh Stirling Mackenzie..[was] nicknamed ‘Rufus’ Mackenzie, to distinguish him from another submarine commanding officer A. J. ‘Black’ Mackenzie.

2. U.S. slang. An unsophisticated person from the country, a yokel, a bumpkin. Cf. rube n. rare.

ΚΠ

1903 H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief iv. 82 The New York police are at least a little sensible at times, but when these Rufus's up the State get a Yorker or a wise guy, they'll strip him down to his socks.

1955 D. W. Maurer in Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. No. 24. 106 A farmer or yokel is called by old-timers a rufus (obsolescent) or a hoosier.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rufus
释义	rufusn. Brit. /ˈruːfəs/, U.S. /ˈrufəs/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rūfus. Etymology: Ultimately < classical Latin rūfus red, red-haired (see rufous adj.), a frequent Roman cognomen. Compare rufe n., an earlier borrowing of the same Latin word.Compare the use of Rufus as an epithet of William II (reigned 1087–1100), attested from at least a1124 in post-classical Latin and from at least the 15th cent. in English; compare:c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Kings of Eng. (Harl. 372) in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 713 William Rufus..Destroied cherchis..To make a forest plesant for huntyng.1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 317/1 William, surnamed Rufus, that is to say William the red,..began his reigne ouer Englande..in the yeare .1087.1613 J. Hayward Liues III. Normans 153 His [sc. King William's] face was red, his haire deepely yealow, by reason whereof he was called Rufus.1706 D. Defoe Jure Divino x. 13 (note) He [sc. William] was call'd Rufus from his Red Hair.Compare (as the name of the same king) Anglo-Norman Guillelme le Ros ; see discussion and examples at rouse adj. Compare also the use of Rufus as a male forename, attested in England from at least the early Middle English period. Rufus (and in more naturalized form rufe) also occurs as an adjective in sense ‘red, reddish, (perhaps) golden red’ in Middle English: see Middle Eng. Dict. at rūf(e adj. Also with capital initial. 1. colloquial. (A nickname for) a red-haired person, esp. a man. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > rustic or peasant tillman940 churla1000 ploughman1223 bondmanc1250 bondc1275 ploughswain1296 countrymanc1300 boundec1320 Hobc1325 charla1400 landmana1400 Jack (John) Upland1402 carlc1405 bowerc1430 peasanta1450 rurala1475 agrest1480 bergier1480 carlleina1500 rustical?1532 ploughboy1544 boor1548 rusticc1550 kern1556 tillsman1561 clown1563 Jocka1568 Jock upalanda1568 John Uponlanda1568 russet coat1568 rustican1570 hind?1577 swain1579 Corydon1581 mountain man1587 Phillis1589 sylvan1589 russeting1597 Joan1598 stubble boy1598 paysan1609 carlota1616 swainling1615 raiyat1625 contadino1630 under-swaina1644 high shoe1647 boorinn1649 Bonhomme1660 high-shoon-man1664 countrywoman1679 villan1685 russet gown1694 ruralist1739 paysanne1748 bauer1799 bonderman1804 bodach1830 contadina1835 agrestian1837 peasantess1841 country jake1845 rufus1846 bonder1848 hayseed1851 bucolic1862 agricole1882 country jay1888 child (son, etc.) of the soil1891 hillbilly1900 palouser1903 kisan1935 woop woop1936 swede-basher1943 the world > life > the body > hair > colour of hair > [noun] > red > person having redhead1510 ginger1823 Titian1839 bricktop1841 rufus1846 sorrel-top1863 ginger nob1878 coppernob1880 bluey1892 ginge1911 ranga2003 1846 Hilpert's Englisch-Deutsches u. Deutsch-Englisches Wörterbuch II. 274/1 A rufus, a red-haired or sandy-haired man. 1857 W. H. Ainsworth Mervyn Clitheroe v. 39 He was..by no means a bad-looking fellow, though perhaps too much of a Rufus for some people's tastes. 1900 A. F. M. Ferryman Ann. Sandhurst vi. 42 To rid the community of a certain Rufus, or ‘Ginger-wig’, as the gentleman was named. 1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren ix. 170 Red heads attract a barrage of nicknames:..reddy, red kipper, red mop, red thatch, red paint brush, Rufus, and Rusty. 2010 Oxf. Dict. National Biogr. (Electronic ed.) 22 Jan. at Mackenzie, Sir Hugh Stirling Mackenzie..[was] nicknamed ‘Rufus’ Mackenzie, to distinguish him from another submarine commanding officer A. J. ‘Black’ Mackenzie. 2. U.S. slang. An unsophisticated person from the country, a yokel, a bumpkin. Cf. rube n. rare. ΚΠ 1903 H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief iv. 82 The New York police are at least a little sensible at times, but when these Rufus's up the State get a Yorker or a wise guy, they'll strip him down to his socks. 1955 D. W. Maurer in Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. No. 24. 106 A farmer or yokel is called by old-timers a rufus (obsolescent) or a hoosier. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1846
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