rugn.¹

Brit.

/rʌɡ/, U.S.

/rəɡ/, Scottish English

/rʌɡ/, Irish English

/rʌɡ/

Forms: Scottish pre-1700 ruge, pre-1700 1700s– rug, 1700s– rugg, 1800s roug, 1900s– roag, 1900s– rogg (Shetland); also Irish English (northern) 1900s– rug.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rug v.¹

Etymology: < rug v.¹

Scottish.

1. A pull, a tug; spec. a tug on a fishing line when a fish has been hooked. Also Irish English (northern) in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [noun] > pulling > pulling forcibly > an act of

ruga1500

tug?a1513

lug1897

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) iii. l. 367 Wiþe a ruge þe rapis al He crakkyt in to pecis smalle.

a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Passioun in Poems (1998) I. 36 The clayth that claif to his cleir hyd Thay raif away with ruggis rude.

1719 A. Ramsay Epist. to J. Arbuckle 23 I ga'e the muse a rug, Then bate my nails and claw'd my lug.

1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxviii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 633 The least rug 'ill bring down the squash.

1861 G. H. Kingsley in F. Galton Vacation Tourists iv. 146 When one caught the ither by the pow, and gied him a rug.

1894 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 67 An unexpected..‘rug’ by a brace of pounders.

1934 D. Scott Humorous Braid 74 I winna gi'e ye a rug at it; ye micht ca' 'er oot o' gear.

1950 Scots Mag. May 145 Never a rug dae they get, no' even frae an auld spent kelt.

1988 Eng. World-wide 9 116/2 He rives to bits wi rug and yark At Auntie's fancy needlewark.

1990 L. Todd Words Apart 139 Rug, pull, tug, yank.

a. A portion, a share, a torn-off piece (of something). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > torn off

cloutc1325

rug?a1505

avulsion1678

scrid1815

rending1859

tearing1891

a1505 R. Henryson Sum Pract. Med. 40 in Poems (1981) 180 Recipe thre ruggis of the reid ruke.

a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 797 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 120 Raike hir a rug of ye rost or scho sall ryme [read ryiue] the.

1597 in J. Stuart Misc. Spalding Club (1841) I. 191 He suld..thrie rugges off ane dog hillack [and] fesch heime to hir.

1756 in A. Pennecuik et al. Coll. Scots Poems 136 Gae to my house, we'll drink a mug, May be I'll let you take a rug Of caller quean.

1805 J. Nicol Poems I. 117 Gif Fortune did me ever hug, Or gie me o' her joys a rug.

1876 D. Gilmour Paisley Weavers 28 She possessed not only a roug of common sense but a keenness of perception that few women were equal to.

1882 J. Walker Descr. Jaunt to Auld Reekie 45 To get o' gear the largest rug.

b. A bargain, an acquisition on advantageous terms. Also: a good match, a ‘catch’. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > buying > [noun] > a purchase > a bargain

good cheapc1375

great cheapc1375

Robin Hood bargain1709

rug1746

bargain1766

best buy1879

snip1926

steal1942

bargoon1964

sacrifice1976

1746 Countess of Buchan Let. Oct. in M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) p. liii He once thought he had the therty thousand rugg as he tells it.

1793 ‘T. Thrum’ Look before ye Loup 23 This warld, Harry, is nae great rug at best; we have a' our portion of care an' sorrow.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) When one purchases any thing under its common price, it is said that he has got a rug of it.

1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. xi. 234 Sir John..voted for the Union, having gotten, it was thought, a rug of the compensations.

1875 W. Alexander Sketches Life among Ain Folk iii They agreed that the farrow cow was a great ‘rug’.

1931 J. Leask Peculiar People 131 Na, 'e waas no great rug, bit hid's no fair tae cast canteelins at onyane 'at's gaen in 'is accoont.

1950 Buchan Observer 19 Sept. For a thresh of some 80 to 120 qrs. oats likely to bring around 15/- a qr. it was something of a ‘rug’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rugn.²

Brit.

/rʌɡ/, U.S.

/rəɡ/, Scottish English

/rʌɡ/

Forms: Middle English (in a late copy) 1600s rug, 1500s rugge; Scottish 1700s– rug, 1700s– rugg, 1800s– rogg, 1900s– ruk (Orkney).

Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: Probably the reflex of a borrowing < early Scandinavian (compare Swedish regional (Skåne) rugg, early modern Danish rug (Danish regional rog, rogg), all in the same sense), of uncertain origin. In Orkney and Shetland use probably < the unattested Norn cognate of the Scandinavian words listed above.Compare also Scots (Orkney and Shetland) rag, ragg, raag wet mist, drizzle (early 20th cent.), and English regional (northern and north midland) rag hoar frost, rime, fog, mist (19th cent.), probably also ultimately borrowings < Scandinavian (compare Swedish regional raggja sea-mist, Danish regional (Jutland) rag sea-mist, hoar frost, rime, frost-mist, of uncertain origin; perhaps < the same Scandinavian base as (with suffixation) Icelandic hragla to drizzle, to sleet (18th cent.)).

In later use Scottish (chiefly Orkney).

Drizzling rain; wet mist; (also) wet weather; an instance of this.In quots. 1596 and 1622 with punning allusion to rug n.³

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [noun] > light or fine rain

roke1292

mull-rain1440

mizzle1490

rugc1540

drizzlea1612

dag1808

smur1808

sprinkle1829

skew1839

fret1982

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 9652 Thurgh the rug & the rayn þat raiked aboue.

1596 M. Drayton Mortimeriados sig. F^v The sullen night in mistie rugge is wrapp'd.

1622 M. Drayton 2nd Pt. Poly-olbion xxvi. 124 Thicke Vapours, that like Rugs still hang the troubled ayre.

1705 in H. Marwick Merchant Lairds (1936) I. 21 The wind is just now come up westardly with rug weet.

1786 T. Hurtley Acct. Nat. Curiosities Environ Malham 35 From the Apex of the Cove, after what is in this part of the country [sc. Yorkshire] called a Rugg, or a succession of rainy and tempestuous weather,..there falls..a more grand and magnificent Cascade than imagination can form an idea of.

1845 New Statist. Acct. Scotl. XV. 96 Ruist, Rug, or Mur, synonymes for small rain [in Orkney].

1866 T. Edmondston Etymol. Gloss. Shetland & Orkney Dial. 94 Rug, small rain.

1929 H. Marwick Orkney Norn 147/2 It's a filty rugg o' weet the day.

1969 G. M. Brown Orkney Tapestry 29 The old Orkneymen had a range of words for every kind and intensity of rain—a driv, a rug, a murr..a hellyiefer.

1996 M. Flaws & G. Lamb Orkney Dict. 56 Rug, wet mist.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rugn.³

Brit.

/rʌɡ/, U.S.

/rəɡ/

Forms: 1500s rogg, 1500s–1600s rugge, 1500s–1700s rugg, 1500s– rug, 1600s rog, 1600s rogge (North American), 1600s roog (North American); also Scottish pre-1700 rooge, pre-1700 roug, pre-1700 ruge, pre-1700 rwg, pre-1700 1700s rugg.

Origin: Of uncertain origin.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Compare earlier rugged adj.¹ and ruggy adj., which are probably ultimately related. The word has frequently been viewed as the reflex of an unattested Middle English borrowing < early Scandinavian, and indeed, several close formal and semantic parallels are attested in Scandinavian languages (e.g. Norwegian regional rugga , rogga coarse coverlet (also in the compounds skinnrugga skin-rug, ruggefeld shaggy cloak), Swedish rugg ruffled or coarse hair, (now rare) coarse cloth); these probably all derive < an ablaut variant of the Germanic base of the nouns cited at rag n.² However, the English noun does not show the regional distribution characteristic of Scandinavian loans, nor is there any evidence that it shows a historical geminated consonant (which was taken by some scholars as one of the chief arguments in support of a Scandinavian etymology). Compare slightly later roudge n.Some Older Scots forms may rather belong at roudge n.

I. Any of various kinds of textile.

†a. A kind of coarse woollen cloth, frequently of Irish manufacture, and in common use in the 16th and 17th centuries. Cf. frieze n.¹ 1. Obsolete (historical and rare after 18th cent.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > coarse or rough > frieze > types of

frizado1542

rug1547

kelt?a1600

1547 W. Salesbury Dict. Eng. & Welshe Brethyn werddonic, Irysshe rugge.

1550 T. Becon Fortresse of Faythfull Prol. sig. A.viii^v How many now in so greate a multitude do cloth y^e poore naked creatures of God wyth canuis and rugge?

1558 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 114 Unto the poore people xij peces of gray rugge.

?1593 H. Chettle Kind-harts Dreame sig. F3 In a gown of rugge rent on the left shoulder.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xv. 640/2 A man bare-headed, and bare legged attired in a Coat of white rugge.

1612 H. Peacham Gentlemans Exercise ii. 136 December must bee..cladde in Irish rugge, or course freeze.

1711 J. Anderson Countrey-man's Let. to Curat 95 He goes Generally in Winter in good thick Rug, and in Summer most part in a Highland Plaid.

1767 G. Colman Eng. Merchant Prol. sig. A3 Be it Drab, Drugget, Flannel, Doyley, Friese, Rug, or whatever Winter-wear you please.

1914 W. W. Skeat & A. L. Mayhew Gloss. Tudor & Stuart Words 842 Rug-gown, a gown made of rug or coarse frieze.

b. A particular variety or make of coarse woollen cloth; a piece of this. Also: a cloak, mantle, etc., made of rug. Now historical and rare.

ΚΠ

1551–2 Act 5 & 6 Edw. VI c. 6 §1 All Clothes called Manchester Rugges, otherwise named Frices.

1577 R. Willes & R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Hist. Trauayle W. & E. Indies f. 260 The townes buylte of stone, the people rude in conditions, apparelled in diuersly coloured rugges.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 94 So becomming a thrummed rugge to keepe warme the Membranous and vnbloody guts and stomacke vnder it.

1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 109 Forty pound I think fit to bestow on Irish Ruggs such as are made at Killkennie, and Irish stockings.

1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 50 A Sage Leaf looks like a white Rugge, or Shagge, full of knots, tassel'd all with white silver Thrums.

1711 G. Miège Present State Great Brit. & Irel. (ed. 2) iii. ii. 9 The Principal Riches and Commodities of Ireland are..great quantities of Wooll, of which they make Cloth and Freezes, with those coarse Rugs, or Shag Mantles, which are vented into Foreign Countries.

1836 Family Mag. Jan. 26/2 This month is characterized by an old man, with an austere and fearful aspect, clad in an Irish rug, or coarse frieze.

1972 N. Lowe Lancs. Textile Industry in 16th Cent. iii. 32 There were thirty-seven friezes each worth 27s, twenty-two rugs at 21s. each, and one white rug worth 30s.

a. A thick woollen blanket or wrap, esp. used as bedding or worn when travelling. Also figurative.bed-, pram, railway, travelling rug, etc.: see first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > a covering > cloth or textile > for the person

rug1591

wrappers1853

wrap1861

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > household linen > bedclothes > [noun] > blanket

whittlec900

langel1324

blanket1346

caddow1579

cad1581

rug1591

cambal1599

cumbly1696

bed-blanket1701

kombaars1812

mackinaw blanket1822

blankie1921

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > made of specific material

pallOE

rug1591

matchcoat1612

abolla1700

kaross1731

buffalo-robe1804

posteen1815

korowai1820

izar1836

buffalo1840

thatch-cloak1844

parawai1847

kaitaka1882

muzhik1897

burka1898

suba1911

1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Alcatifa A rug for a bed.

1609 in J. S. Moore Clifton & Westbury Probate Inventories (1981) 1 In His bedchamber..three yearne Coverlettes, two Rugges, one mantle of a Rugg, one truckle Bedsteede [etc.].

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1954) VII. 258 In that green-bed, whose covering is but a yard and a halfe of Turfe, and a Rugge of grasse.

1667 S. Pepys Diary 13 July (1974) VIII. 333 Mighty hot weather and I lying this night..with only a rugg and a sheet upon me.

1711 A. Bradstreet Will in Hist. Coll. Essex Inst. (1862) IV. 186 I give to m^rs Margarit Corwine, My bed & Bolster, Two pillows, green Rugg, Green Curtains [etc.].

1734 J. Swift Cassinus & Peter in Beautiful Nymph 26 A Rug was o'er his Shoulders thrown; A Rug; for Night-gown he had none.

1751 S. Whatley England's Gazetteer at Wigan Famous for the mf. of coverlets, rugs, blankets, and other sorts of bedding.

1823 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 296/1 Heard a Cockney compare it [sc. Dover Castle] to an old woman wrapped up in a rug.

1862 Macmillan's Mag. June 125 The child can scarcely be too soon accustomed to be laid on its back on a mattress or rug on the floor.

a1871 T. Carlyle in J. W. Carlyle Lett. & Memorials (1883) III. 247 We had to wrap our invalid in quite a heap of rugs and shawls.

1932 G. Greene Stamboul Train i. i. 8 Middle-aged ladies clutching shawls and rugs and sketch-books.

2007 South Wales Evening Post (Nexis) 15 Mar. 32 You'd see her sitting outside St Mary's Church with a rug over her knees and a collecting box.

b. Any of various types of blanket or wrap used to cover a horse; spec. a shaped one worn for warmth or protection.horse-, New Zealand, sweat rug, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > other cloths

poitrel1490

bard1520

fore-cloth1526

bardingc1540

barb1566

pectoral1602

water-deck1721

rug1790

barbing1799

sweaters1828

quarter blanket1872

quarter cloth1894

peto1957

sweat rug1971

1790 J. Clark Treat. Prevention Dis. Horses (ed. 2) 45 A single sheet or rug will be sufficient, unless the stable he [sc. the horse] stands in is very cold.

1866 J. H. Walsh Horse, in Stable & Field (new ed.) xiv. 216 Horse-clothing varies in make, quality, and price, from the small rug, costing about 6s.

1936 Times 13 Nov. 5/5 Half an hour before starting for the meet he takes off the rug (which keeps the horse tolerably clean).

1997 Your Horse Nov. 72/2 (advt.) Most horses need rugging up in winter and this book helps guide you through the maze of the many different rugs available.

2007 Horse & Rider Oct. 97/2 Oil or saddle soap any leather fittings on your rug to help prevent cracking.

3. A small carpet or mat, often one woven or knotted in a pattern of colours and having a deep pile, used chiefly as a floor covering and for decoration.In early use often difficult to distinguish from sense 2.area, hearth-, Persian, prayer rug, etc.: see first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > rug

rug1624

namad1753

rigg1769

Meshed1904

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia vi. 233 He came ouer the brooke to our Plantation, where we set him vpon a rug, and then brought our Gouernour to him with Drums and Trumpets.

1632 P. Holland tr. Xenophon Cyrupædia v. ix. 127 Himselfe taking Cyaxares by the right hand,..gave commaundement, to lay Median carpets and ruggs for him on the ground.

1794 L. Peacock Visit for Week 48 We sleep much easier upon the rug than we should on the mattress, if we knew you wanted one.

1808 J. Austen Let. 1 Oct. (1995) 141 She does not doubt your making out the Star pattern very well, as you have the Breakfast-room-rug to look at.

1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. iv. 90 I stood on the rug and warmed my hands.

1888 Good Housek. 27 Oct. 298/2 I needed a new rug for the spare room.

1902 J. Buchan Watcher by Threshold v. 287 The fire-lit hall, with its rugs and little tables.

1962 ‘C. Marchant’ Heritage of Folly i. 43 She sat down on the rug before the fire.

2001 Art Room Catal. Autumn 49/1 The rich colours of this generously sized rug would be the making of a hall or landing.

II. Extended senses.

4. See water-rug n.

†5. Apparently: a person who wears a cloak made of rug. Cf. rug gown n. 2. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > [noun] > one who watches or keeps guard > municipal watchman

wait1418

watchmanc1440

rattle manc1596

rug gowna1625

ruga1627

billman1630

Charley1819

a1627 H. Shirley Martyr'd Souldier (1638) ii. iii I am..Lord over these Larroones, Regent of these Rugs, Viceroy over these Vagabonds.

†6. U.S. A tangled mass of vegetation which forms a dense layer and prevents the growth of crop plants. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 129 There is a natural tough sward commonly called a rug, which must either rot or be burned before any cultivation can be made.

a. slang. The pubic hair, esp. of a woman; (hence) the female external genitals. Cf. carpet n. Additions.Frequently in the context of cunnilingus, esp. in compounds; cf. rug muncher n.Recorded earliest in twat-rug (cf. twat n. 1a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > hair > pubic hair > [noun]

pubes1569

garden1732

fud1771

pubic hair1836

moss1847

rug1893

maidenhair1908

pussy hairc1910

bush1922

man-hair1928

thatch1933

chuff1967

pube1967

the world > life > the body > sex organs > female sex organs > [noun]

cuntc1230

quivera1382

chosec1386

privy chosea1387

quoniamc1405

naturec1470

shell1497

box1541

water gate1541

mouth1568

quiver case1568

water gap1586

cunnya1593

medlar1597

mark1598

buggle-boo1600

malkin1602

lap1607

skin coat1611

quim1613

nest1614

watermilla1626

bum1655

merkin1656

twat1656

notch1659

commodity1660

modicum1660

crinkum-crankum1670

honeypot1673

honour1688

muff1699

pussy1699

puss1707

fud1771

jock1790

cock?1833

fanny?1835

vaginac1890

rug1893

money-maker1896

Berkeley1899

Berkeley Hunt1899

twitchet1899

mingea1903

snatch1904

beaver1927

coozie1934

Sir Berkeley1937

pocketbook1942

pranny1949

zatch1950

cooch1955

bearded clam1962

noonie1966

chuff1967

coozea1968

carpet1981

pum-pum1983

front bum1985

coochie1986

punani1987

front bottom1991

va-jay-jay2000

1893 J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang III. at Fleece The female pubic hair... English synonyms..twat-rug.

1964 R. Blake Amer. Dict. Sexual Terms Rug, the Pubes, particularly in the female.

1998 Dr. Laura shaves her Rug in alt. radio.talk.dr-laura (Usenet newsgroup) 13 June Why does dr. laura [sic] shave her rug? A friend saw her in a health club and she's as bald as a baby.

2001 Max Power Dec. 43/2 A woman jumps on the bed, but just picks up the cuddly toy. Rug-munching tart.

2003 Seattle Weekly (Nexis) 29 Oct. Men go on about how much they love munching the rug because they think it's what you want to hear.

b. slang (originally U.S.). A hairpiece worn by a man; a toupee.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > wig

periwig1529

peruke?a1549

periwinkle1580

flash1699

scandalous1699

strum1699

noddle-casea1704

rug1940

1940 J. O'Hara Pal Joey 190 I even wear a little rug up front.

1966 J. Susann Valley of Dolls 72 Terry King is bald without his rug.

1978 Telegraph (Brisbane) 18 Feb. 8/2 ‘Now, in fact, I do wear a hairpiece in the film I'm making.’.. The film for which he has donned a ‘rug’ as they are called, is Meteor.

2009 Kansas City (Missouri) Star (Nexis) 15 Sept. a1 We agents would have discussions about whether that was really Mark's hair or a rug.

c. colloquial. A (thick) growth of chest hair.

ΚΠ

1954 K. Amis Lett. (2000) 406 James Bartley had removed his shirt,..actually I think to display the grey rug on his chest to the young ladies.

1979 Washington Post (Nexis) 6 Dec. c1 Gold chains and medallions nested in rugs of chest hair.

1997 J. Brook in S. Champion Disco Biscuits 124 I can see drops of sweat in the rug on his chest.

2003 Heat 4 Jan. 25/1 The follicles on his chest have gone into overdrive, producing a rug any 18-year-old boy would be proud of.

Phrases

P1. snug as a bug in a rug: see snug adj.¹ 2b.

P2. to pull the rug (out) from under: see pull v. Phrases 14.

P3. chiefly North American. to cut a (also the) rug: to dance, esp. to jazz or swing music. [in allusion to the vigorous motion across the dance floor, which is taken as damaging the carpet (compare quot. 1937 for rug-cutter n. at Compounds 2b); compare slightly earlier rug-cutter n., rug-cutting n.]

ΚΠ

1938 Afro-American 23 July 11/3 (caption) Cutting the Rug. Roderick Gordon and Miss Bobbie Burrus give demonstration at Little Comedy Club in Baltimore.

1940 C. Porter Compl. Lyrics (1983) 207/3 America's palsy-walsy, England's a trifle smug, While England does the stately waltz, America cuts a rug.

1943 N.Y. Times 9 May ii. 5/4 Why, brother, all the cats cut a mean rug to that music.

1978 Jet 2 Feb. 57 (caption) Sen. Humphrey, the ‘second best dancer in Washington’, cuts the rug..at a New York party in his honor.

2008 Tampa Tribune (Florida) (Nexis) 14 May Expect to see..a few dozen couples cutting a rug in the middle of the wooden dance floor.

P4. to sweep (also brush, kick, etc.) (something) under the rug: = to sweep (or push) (something) under the carpet at carpet n. 2e.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep quiet about [phrase]

to keep or hold (a matter) counsel (later in counsela1400

to keep secret1399

to keep (something) dark1532

to draw a veil over1582

not to tell one's shirt1586

to keep one's (own) counsel1604

to put (also keep) in one's pocketa1616

to name no names1692

to make a secret of1738

to keep (‥) snug1778

to clap, put, or keep the thumb on1825

to wash one's dirty linen at home, in public1867

to hold back1956

to sweep (also brush, kick, etc.) (something) under the rug1956

to get it off one's chest1961

to sweep (or push) (something) under the carpet1963

1956 Accounting Rev. 31 358 Apparently the whole subject is regarded as something which can be quickly swept under the rug.

1961 D. M. Disney Mrs. Meeker's Money vii. 77 The whole thing..was so far outside the normal routine..that it practically demanded being swept under the rug.

1978 M. Puzo Fools Die xvi. 174 Unless the government covers the whole thing up, you know, kicks it under the rug.

1982 Billboard 4 Dec. 51/2 That attitude..just brushes the issue under the rug without dealing with the emotions involved.

2002 New Republic 6 May 25/1 The careerist ambitions of some bishops inclined them to sweep scandals under the rug.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, with the sense ‘made of rug’ (sense 1), as rug cloak, rug doublet, etc. See also rug gown n. Now historical and rare.

ΚΠ

1590 J. Eliot tr. J. de L'Espine Sicke-mans Comfort i. 146 To cloath himselfe with a rugge coate made of Cammelles haire.

1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. C2 Dame Niggardize his wife, in a sedge rugge kirtle.

1612 J. Speed Theatre of Empire of Great Brit. iv. i. 138/2 Ouer their side-garments the shagge rugge mantels.

a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 156 Much more comely than the rug short cloaks used by the women.

1686 London Gaz. No. 2152/4 An Apprentice,..in a gray Coat, and white rug Doublet.

1786 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1862) 2nd Ser. III. 339 I who only go out..when the sun shines, in a rugg great coat and boot-stockings.

1796 F. Jacson Plain Sense (ed. 2) III. 190 A rug-cloak..covered her warmly over at night.

1800 S. T. Coleridge Let. to Wedgwood Jan. I am sitting by a fire in a rug greatcoat.

1825 ‘M. O'Tara’ Thomas Fitz-Gerald I. xii. 209 With the assistance of a plentiful fire and some large rug-mantle, the patient was more willing to abide here.

1872 Mrs. J. Cooke Philippe vi. 77 A large blue rug-cloak, with a hood that covered his head, completed his toilet.

C2.

a. In senses 2, 3.

rug chest n.

ΚΠ

1894 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 16 May 6/1 The prizes were—A Chippendale rug chest, Sheraton bureau, [etc.].

1976 Leicester Trader 24 Nov. 19/2 (advt.) Rug chests... £25.

2002 Irish Times (Nexis) 19 Oct. 18 €4,000 for an 18th century mahogany rug chest.

rug cleaner n.

ΚΠ

1862 Solicitors' Jrnl. & Reporter 28 June 642/2 Powell, Philip,..Rug cleaner.

1965 Times 17 May 12/5 [The beagle] has contributed to the national economy by giving steady employment to rug cleaners.

2005 C. Harris Feather your Nest v. 154 Take large rugs to the dry cleaner or do it yourself with a commercial rug cleaner.

rug fringe n.

ΚΠ

1825 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 11 Nov. (advt.) 500 yards Rug Fringe.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. xvii. [Ithaca] 659 The upturned rugfringe.

2008 Lowell Sun (Mass.) (Nexis) 10 Apr. Run fingers through rug fringe to neaten.

rug loom n.

ΚΠ

1899 Lowell (Mass.) Sun 22 Feb. 6/1 Several rug looms will soon be added to the company's stock.

1969 Art Educ. 22 ix. 32/2 There is comprehensive writing on types of looms, and basic requirements of a rug loom.

2005 J. F. Weber Will Chicken be with Grandma? 21 We had a rug loom in one room upstairs.

rug maker n.

ΚΠ

1761 J. Wright Amer. Negotiator 13 Stephen Marman, rug-maker.

1835 Times 17 Oct. 4/1 Mr. Jacob Canton, a rug-maker, stated that the prisoner applied to him for two rugs.

1918 Fine Arts Jrnl. 36 44/2 Permanency is the best asset of the rug maker's colorings.

2010 Irish Times (Nexis) 17 Apr. 5 The trail invites visitors to take the roads less travelled and visit the studios of rug-makers, weavers, [etc.].

rug-making n.

ΚΠ

1749 Proc. King’s Comm. Peace 8 Mrs. Sarah Green..gain'd her Livelihood by working for Mr. Winn, in the Parish of St. Saviour's Southwark, at the Trade of Rug-making.

1822 M. Edgeworth in Life & Lett. (1894) II. 70 We went through the female wards.., and saw the women at various works,—knitting, rug-making, &c.

1976 N. Roberts Face of France iii. 39 Shops with displays of equipment for tapestry work and rug-making.

2009 Times Jrnl. (St. Thomas, Ontario) (Nexis) 27 Oct. (Entertainment) 13 There is no disputing the fact that everyone possesses an absolute love of rug-making.

rug peddler n.

ΚΠ

1889 St. Paul (Minnesota) Daily News 1 May 4/3 The ex-policeman and rug peddler, arrested..for obtaining money under false pretenses.

1916 J. London Let. 12 Oct. (1966) 473 ‘Uncle Charley’..then proceeded to shake you down in proper money-lender,..rug-peddler fashion.

1993 Crain's Chicago Business (Nexis) 18 Oct. 10 Last month, on the streets of Istanbul, I was assaulted by a rug peddler who asked me where I was from.

rug weaver n.

ΚΠ

1767 London Evening Post 3 Jan. 3/1 Mrs. Jones, wife of a Rug weaver in this town.

1845 J. Adshead Prisons & Prisoners 233 (list) Rug Weavers and Mat Makers.

1920 Bull. Cleveland Museum Art 7 64 The individuality of the rug weaver is lost in a close adherence to type.

2009 Sudbury Star (Ont.) (Nexis) 14 Aug. a9 Raili was an extraordinary human being—an accomplished seamstress and rug weaver.

rug weaving n.

ΚΠ

1833 N. Amer. Rev. July 47 There is..the coarse rug-weaving.

1962 C. W. Jacobsen Oriental Rugs 273 Rug weaving began in Qum some 20 years ago.

2010 Sun (Nexis) 26 June 54 Basket-making and rug weaving..are dying arts because tourists are buying mass-produced items from resort supermarkets.

rug wool n.

ΚΠ

1879 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 12 Feb. 6/3 Rug wool, 68 bales.

1926 S. T. Warner Lolly Willowes ii. 114 She bought an extensive parcel..of variously coloured rug-wools.

2009 Derby Evening Tel. (Nexis) 5 Nov. 10 My mother made me a royal blue dressing gown knitted on big needles with Big Ben wool. It was like rug wool.

rug work n.

ΚΠ

1807 Hull Packet 14 July (advt.) Worsted and Canvass for Carpets and Rug Work.

1843 Penny Cycl. XXVII. 180/1 Another kind of weaving..is that which relates to rug-work and tapestry.

2009 Falmouth Packet (Nexis) 25 Aug. Paintings, drawing and calligraphy, cross stitch, beadwork, quilting, knitting, cardmaking and rug work were just some items visitors were able to see.

rug yarn n.

ΚΠ

1684 I. Mather Ess. for Recording Illustrious Providences v. 153 In the Morning he swooned, and coming to himself, he roared terribly, and did eat Ashes, Sticks, Rug-yarn.

1741 Proc. Assizes Peace Surrey 22–25 July 14 I have been robb'd very often of great Quantities of Rug Yarn, and could never find out who was the Thief.

1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 124/3 Colored Rug Yarn... ingrain carpet yarn, assorted colors, 4 skeins to pound.

1932 D. C. Minter Mod. Needlecraft 224/2 The thinner qualities of rug yarn—such as Persian, Straight, Shetland and various Thrums yarns.

2008 St. Paul Pioneer Press (Minnesota) (Nexis) 6 Jan. I'm sure my mom must have knitted something extra-special with the skein of royal-blue rug yarn that I picked out for her many years ago.

rug beater n. an implement resembling a bat, used for dislodging dirt and dust from a suspended rug by beating.

ΚΠ

1892 Boston Daily Globe 1 Oct. 2/7 (advt.) Medium size rattan rug beater.

1965 N. Amer. Rev. Nov. 5/2 The faithful can opener is fated to join in oblivion such nobles as the rug beater.

2009 A. Sinclair Dirt Roads & High Topped Shoes 31 The rug was rolled up, taken outside, and hung over the clothesline. Mother used a rug beater to clean it.

rug brick n. a rough-surfaced brick.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > brick > [noun] > brick made in specific way

semi-brick1601

place brick1621

clinker1659

rubbed brick1663

rubber1744

marl1812

bat1816

burr1823

wire-cut brick1839

place1843

wire-cut1910

rug brick1914

texture brick1940

1914 House Beautiful Oct. (verso rear cover) Greendale ‘rug’ brick.

1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 3 Feb. 43/1 (advt.) 3 bedroom rug brick home.

2007 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator (Nexis) 19 Mar. a10 The New York-style structure was built of fireproof reinforced concrete dressed in rug brick with white, glazed terracotta trim.

rug burn n. an abrasion on the body caused by the friction of a rug or similar surface against the skin.

ΚΠ

1927 Charleston (W. Va.) Daily Mail 8 Nov. 15/2 Mr. Scott..left the ring with a severe case of rug burn on his shoulder blades.

1973 Sewanee Rev. 81 819 I considered the rug-burn on my elbow.

2007 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) Jan. 72 Players said it [sc. Astroturf] felt hard underfoot and complained of rug burns when they hit the deck.

rug-cutter n. slang (chiefly North American) a dancer, esp. one who dances to jazz or swing music; (also) a good time; cf. to cut a (also the) rug at Phrases 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > dancing > dancer generally > [noun]

leapera1000

sailour?a1366

tripperc1380

dancerc1440

sallierc1440

hopperc1480

flinger?a1513

foot clapper1620

pranker1628

saltatorya1640

prancer1653

apache dancer1912

hoofer1923

rug-cutter1934

1934 F. Henderson (title of song) Rug cutter's swing.

1937 Flash! 9 Aug. 12/2 Rug-cut? Well, that's a new name for the Lindy hop. Too many flyers passed the Atlantic bounding main under themselves since the Lindbergh hop—so, it's now simply Rug-cut. The name explains itself. The dance is what (Rug-cutting); who (Rug-cutters); damaged (Rug).

1959 N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 107 He seemed full of strength and merriment. He would clap two geishas to him, and call across..to another soldier. ‘Hey, Brown,’ he would shout, ‘ain't this a rug-cutter?’

2009 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 15 Feb. f3 Ironically, the death of disco came at the same time, but that didn't stop rug-cutters from dancing as an escape.

rug-cutting n. slang (chiefly North American) the action of dancing, esp. to jazz or swing music; cf. to cut a (also the) rug at Phrases 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > dancing > [noun]

hoppingc1290

dancec1300

dancinga1340

sallyingc1440

footinga1450

balla1571

tracing1577

orchestra1596

measuring1598

dancery?1615

saltation1623

tripudiation1623

poetry of motion (also the foot)1654

light fantastic1832

rug-cutting1937

terping1942

1937 Flash! 9 Aug. 12/2 The dance is what (Rug-cutting); who (Rug-cutters); damaged (Rug).

1942 Chatelaine Apr. 54/2 The rug-cutting addicts discovered an older form of swing.

1997 Courier-Jrnl. (Louisville, Kentucky) 22 Aug. (Weekend Extra section) 20/3 It [sc. the film Shall We Dance] is much more than a lot of dazzling rug-cutting.

rug hook n. a metal hook, typically fitted into a wooden handle, and used to pull strips of cloth or wool through a woven base in order to produce a rug.

ΚΠ

1859 J. B. Lyman & L. E. Lyman Philos. Housek. xviii. 311 Any blacksmith will make you a rug-hook in the shape of a crochet needle, only much larger.

1966 Olney Amsden & Sons Ltd. Price List 35 Latchet Rug Hooks... 16/- Dozen.

2002 W. Woodruff Road to Nab End (2003) 13 The women made them at night, pulling strips of cloth with a rughook through a stiff piece of fabric.

rug hooking n. the process of producing a rug by pulling strips of cloth or wool through a base of woven material.

ΚΠ

1899 G. W. Edwards Mole or Not in Break o'Day 33 They were always either winding wool or cutting rags for rug-hooking.

1963 B. Friedan Feminine Mystique i. 18 They..took the rug-hooking class in adult education.

2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 Oct. b34/6 This London artist is..delightfully inventive in using the domestic arts of knitting, needlepoint, rug hooking and sewing to produce colorful, optically absorbing essays in patternmaking.

rug ranking n. originally and chiefly Canadian the system of determining the salary of a secretary in federal employment by the status of the person for whom he or she works, the level of the salary thus corresponding to the quality of the rug in the manager's office (see quot. 1973).

ΚΠ

1970 Ottawa Citizen 2 July 42/6 Rug-ranking takes over about ST5 and up—where a secretary's status and salary depends on the status of the boss, not on the demands of the job.

1973 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 21 July 1/1 Rug-ranking..refers to the Government's method of establishing the pay-level of secretaries in the same way the quality of the manager's rug is determined.

1993 Gazette (Montreal) 10 May c20 No more rug ranking... Wages are no longer solely dependent on the rank.

rug-rank v. Canadian rare transitive to make (one's way) up an employment scale through the system of rug ranking.

ΚΠ

1977 Whig-Standard (Kingston, Ont.) 9 Feb. 7/2 Her abilities caught the eye of some of the rising lights of her time, and the story has it that she ‘rug-ranked’ her way up out of the secretarial classifications.

rug rat n. slang (originally U.S.) a small child, esp. one who still crawls rather than walks.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > child > [noun]

wenchelc890

childeOE

littleOE

littlingOE

hired-childc1275

smalla1300

brolla1325

innocentc1325

chickc1330

congeonc1330

impc1380

faunt1382

young onec1384

scionc1390

weea1400

birdc1405

chickenc1440

enfaunta1475

small boyc1475

whelp1483

burden1490

little one1509

brat?a1513

younkerkin1528

kitling1541

urchin1556

loneling1579

breed1586

budling1587

pledge?1587

ragazzo1591

simplicity1592

bantling1593

tadpole1594

two-year-old1594

bratcheta1600

lambkin1600

younker1601

dandling1611

buda1616

eyas-musketa1616

dovelinga1618

whelplinga1618

puppet1623

butter printa1625

chit1625

piggy1625

ninnyc1626

youngster1633

fairya1635

lap-child1655

chitterling1675

squeaker1676

cherub1680

kid1690

wean1692

kinchin1699

getlingc1700

totum17..

charity-child1723

small girl1734

poult1739

elfin1748

piggy-wiggy1766

piccaninny1774

suck-thumb18..

teeny1802

olive1803

sprout1813

stumpie1820

sexennarian1821

totty1822

toddle1825

toddles1828

poppet1830

brancher1833

toad1836

toddler1837

ankle-biter1840

yarkera1842

twopenny1844

weeny1844

tottykins1849

toddlekins1852

brattock1858

nipper1859

sprat1860

ninepins1862

angelet1868

tenas man1870

tad1877

tacker1885

chavvy1886

joey1887

toddleskin1890

thumb-sucker1891

littlie1893

peewee1894

tyke1894

che-ild1896

kiddo1896

mother's bairn1896

childling1903

kipper1905

pick1905

small1907

God forbid1909

preadolescent1909

subadolescent1914

toto1914

snookums1919

tweenie1919

problem child1920

squirt1924

trottie1924

tiddler1927

subteen1929

perisher1935

poopsie1937

pre-schooler1937

pre-teen1938

pre-teener1940

juvie1941

sprog1944

pikkie1945

subteenager1947

pre-teenager1948

pint-size1954

saucepan lid1960

rug rat1964

smallie1984

bosom-child-

1964 Columbus (Nebraska) Daily Telegram 19 Sept. 6/4 Our fishing had to stop whilst we repaired tackle for the rug rats.

1970 Current Slang (Univ. S. Dakota) 4 iii–iv. 23 Rug rat, a small child.

1976 Daily Tel. 16 July (Colour Suppl.) 10/1 He is without children; he has rug-rats instead.

1988 S. E. McKay New Child Safety Handbk. i. 1/2 Get down on your hands and knees and survey the surroundings. See what your rug rat sees.

2004 Food & Trav. May 97/1 Children's package..for two connecting double rooms with free cartoons and dressing gowns for the rug rats.

rug strap n. a strap used to secure a rug or blanket; spec. a strap used to secure a horse rug to a horse.

ΚΠ

1859 Trewman's Exeter Flying Post 10 Mar. 4/5 (advt.) Portmanteaus, carpet bags, collar boxes, rug straps, and every article of outfitting for gentlemen's wear.

1891 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 159 The only unattached part being the rug strap for camera.

2003 I. Coleman Happy Horse v. 61 If you get hit in the face with a flying rug strap, or surcingle, it hurts.

Derivatives

rug-like adj.

ΚΠ

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 108 Colchester Bays, a coarse Rug-like Manufacture.

1850 Morning Chron. 14 Jan. 5/5 The bed clothes [were] of that rug-like texture and that dingy brownish hue which always make their material a matter of some doubt.

1889 Pop. Sci. Monthly Mar. 714/2 ‘Leidy’ [sc. a spider] kept a rug-like web spread on the ground.

1902 H. Thompson in A. C. Harmsworth et al. Motors & Motor-driving (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 81 A rug-like wrapping around the body.

1943 Pop. Mech. Mar. 7 (caption) Twisted cord like that shown gives a ruglike appearance.

2009 Sunday Mail (S. Austral.) (Nexis) 5 July (TV Guide) 4 Smirky Nigel Lythgoe, of the rug-like 'do.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† rugn.⁴

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown.

Obsolete. rare.

A kind of strong liquor.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > other alcoholic drinks > [noun] > others

stitch-broth1635

Cherellya1640

rug1653

steel-nose1654

pope's-milka1661

Northdown1670

purl royal1675

sweetsa1679

forty-ninea1713

huggle-my-buff1756

slug1756

gunpowder1765

guarapo1772

peachy1781

all nations1785

anti-fogmatic1789

soma1827

ava1831

native1832

tap1832

stone fence1844

slap-bang1845

Angostura1856

jake1910

tepache1926

pruno1936

muratina1968

makkoli1970

alcopop1996

1653 J. Taylor Certain Trav. Uncertain Journey 16 Of all the drinks potable Rug is most puisant, potent, notable. Rug was the Capitall Commander there.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

Rugn.⁵

Brit.

/rʌɡ/, U.S.

/rəɡ/

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: Rugbeian n.

Etymology: Shortened < Rugbeian n.

slang. Now rare.

A former or present pupil of Rugby School. Frequently in Old Rug. Cf. Rugbeian n.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > pupil at specific school > at other specific schools

substance1811

Grecian1813

gown-boy1853

Rug1856

1856 Bell's Life in London 19 Oct. 7/6 Mr Wills (an old Rug) made a good run in.

1885 E. C. G. Murray Under Lens I. 263 Harrovians are less languid than Etonians, less rough, ready and well-taught than ‘Rugs’.

1906 G. W. E. Russell Social Silhouettes i. 3 Harrovians must put up with the doubtful praise of comparative cleverness, and ‘Old Rugs’ with the undoubted reproach of superior rowdiness.

1936 C. E. Thomas European Universities v. 83 One writer..was probably not popular with ‘Old Rugs’, as boys from Rugby School are termed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† rugadj.adv.

Forms: 1600s– rug, 1700s–1800s rugg.

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Apparently originally a cant word.

Obsolete.

A. adj.

1. In gambling: safe, secure.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > [adjective] > safe

rug1699

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew (at cited word) It's all Rug, the Game is secured. [Also in later dictionaries.]

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 39. ⁋36 If one has it all Rug, as the Gamesters say, when they have a Trick to make the Game secure.

1714 T. Lucas Mem. Most Famous Gamesters & Sharpers 104 His great Dexterity of making all Rugg at Dice, as the Cant is for securing a Die between two Fingers.

1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 130/1 Rugg, all right and safe.

2. In extended use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > [adjective] > safe or secure

sickerc897

safec1325

surec1330

safea1393

sover1396

traistya1400

exempta1420

undangeredc1460

surec1475

cocksurea1529

sound1535

jeopardless1549

dangerless?1555

secure1572

secure1576

defensible1581

unobnoxious?1609

unendangereda1658

rug1705

anchored1878

1705 N. Rowe Biter i. i Fear nothing, Sir; Rug's the Word, all's safe.

1721 C. Cibber Refusal i. 18 Granger: And does this Contract secure the Lady's Fortune to you too? Witling: O! Pox! I knew that was all Rug before.

1733 A. Pope Impertinent 10 Who got his Pension Rug, Or quicken'd a Reversion by a Drug?

1770 T. Bridges Burlesque Transl. Homer (ed. 3) II. x. 162 We'll here lie snug, Let him but pass, we have him rug.

B. adv.

Safely, securely.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > [adverb] > safely or securely

fasteOE

sickerc1275

sickerlyc1290

surelyc1330

surea1400

surefully1495

soverly1513

sover1575

secure1578

securely1587

snug1674

rug1714

1714 P. Wentworth Let. 29 June in Wentworth Papers (1883) 394 The changes at Court does not go so rug as some people expected.

1728 J. Smedley Metamorph. 4 Stocks were a rising, Trade was Snug, and that at Court all Things went rug.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

rugv.¹

Brit.

/rʌɡ/, U.S.

/rəɡ/, Scottish English

/rʌɡ/, Irish English

/rʌɡ/

Forms: Middle English rog, Middle English rogg, Middle English rogge, Middle English–1700s rugge, Middle English– rug, 1900s– rugg; English regional 1800s– rugg; Scottish pre-1700 rowg, pre-1700 ruge, pre-1700 rugge, pre-1700 ruig, pre-1700 ruk, pre-1700 rwg, pre-1700 rwgg, pre-1700 1700s– rug, pre-1700 1700s– rugg, 1900s– roog; N.E.D. (1909) also records a form late Middle English ruge.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: Probably < early Scandinavian (compare Icelandic rugga , Faroese rugga to rock, Norwegian rugge to move, budge, rock, wag, Swedish rugga , (regional) rogga to rock, to sway, to move, to totter, Danish †rugge to rock (in an isolated attestation)), perhaps related to the Germanic verbs cited at rock v.¹ It has been suggested that the original sense of these Scandinavian verbs may have been ‘to pull’, which would strengthen the suggested etymology; however, there is no evidence to support this conjecture.

Now chiefly Scottish, Irish English (northern), and English regional (northern).

a. transitive. To pull, tug, or tear (a person or thing), esp. violently or forcibly.With quot. 1722 compare to rug and rive at sense 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > forcibly

halec1275

hurlc1305

ruga1325

windc1400

lugc1540

haul1581

pully-haul1839

snake1856

a1325 (c1300) Chron. P. de Langtoft (Cambr.) (1839) 296 (MED) The roglre raggi sculke rug ham in helle.

c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 501 (MED) Wiþ his teeþ he gon hit togge, And so radli he gon hit Rogge Þat al þe Rolle gon race.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15825 Þai his maister drogh And rugged [Trin. Cambr. lugged] him vn-rekenli bath ouer hill and ogh.

a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 1230 (MED) Wild bestes..wald worow men..And rogg þam in sonder and ryve.

a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Passioun in Poems (1998) I. 37 Than rudlie come Remembrance, Ay rugging me withouttin rest.

a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 822 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 120 In come twa flyrand fulis..Ruschit baith to ye bard and ruggit his haire.

1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxii. 51 God nor ye gleddis ȝe get, Or Rauinnis the rug with bludie beik in bittis.

1572 R. Sempill Lament. Commounis Scotl. (single sheet) We commounis all..now allace ar rugit, reuin and rent.

1619 in W. K. Tweedie Select Biogr. (1845) I. 101 We have a vigilant enemy who would draw and rugg us backward.

1655 in E. Henderson Kirk-session Rec. Dumfermline (1865) 45 [She] deponit that John Kellek ruggit and puggit hir beneath the spittell-brig.

1722 in W. Hector Judicial Rec. Renfrewshire (1876) I. 104 He, when the complainer [sc. a woman] getting up and getting hold of ane post, did there rugg and rive her.

1787 A. Shirrefs Jamie & Bess i. 50 But dinna rug our hair!

1795 H. Macneill Scotland's Skaith lvi Jean..Flyt's, and storms, and rug's Will's hair.

1835 J. Hogg in Fraser's Mag. 11 358 The Hunter he rugged his old grey hair.

1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb iii. 23 I'se rug yer lugs t'ye gin ye dinna gae this minit.

1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Rug, he wis ruggin her hair.

1930 R. Kipling Limits & Renewals (1932) 234 Old dry bites—when they get good hold and rugg you. That showed he must have dealt with the Beasts.

1987 S. Blackhall in Chapman 49 57 Ane's trottin trig, the tither rugs the load Heid-doon.

1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 281/1 Rug, pull, tug (especially hair); pull about roughly.

b. transitive. With about, away, down, forth, off, out (of), up.

ΚΠ

?a1425 (?c1350) Northern Passion (Rawl.) l. 1731 (MED) Þe purpure clath þat he in stode..cleued on ilk a syde ffull fast both vn-to flesch and hyde; þai ruged [a1425 Harl. rugged] it of with-outen rest When it so to þe flessh was fest.

c1429 Mirour Mans Saluacioune (1986) l. 2519 His fete thai ruggid out semblably, And thirlid thaym to the Crosse.

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 152 The euill herbis may nocht be gudely ruggit vp, be the rutis, bot..gude herbis yat ar nere thaim..be ruggit vp with thame.

a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Abbot of Tungland in Poems (1998) I. 58 The pyot furth his pennis did rug.

1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) i. 125 Ruging and raifand vp kirk rentis lyke ruikis.

1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 12 In taking away bells, and rugging doun..ornaments.

1665 in D. Robertson S. Leith Rec. (1911) 121 If he knew quhare Mr. James Sharp's corps were laid he should rug his dead bones out of the grave.

1671 in W. Fraser Sutherland Bk. (1892) II. 188 The people..did rugge and stealle away greate burdines of our peas.

1692 ‘J. Curate’ Sc. Presbyterian Eloquence ii. 41 The Devil rugg their Hearts out of their sides.

a1774 R. Fergusson Poems (1785) 175 Owr me the muckle horses gallop, Eneugh to rug my very saul up.

1816 W. Scott Old Mortality ix, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. IV. 182 Like Punch and the Deevil rugging about the Baker at the fair.

1860 Baily's Monthly Mag. July 280 Johnnie nodded, and gave a sort of caper and fling, rugging up his breeks simultaneously.

1895 J. T. Clegg Sketches 235 They'll come an' rugg thee eaut o' bed.

1912 D. Crawford Thinking Black xii. 219 Rug up a man from the roots of his being—home, kinsmen, liberty—then transplant him as captive chattel.

1995 D. McLean Bunker Man 124 Behind his back he felt her rugging out his shirt-tails and sliding her hands down to cup his arse.

2. intransitive. To pull, tear, or tug (at something); to struggle, wrestle. Also figurative. Frequently in to rug and rive (cf. rive v.¹). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > exert pulling force on or pull at

pullOE

beteec1275

tug13..

tucka1400

ruga1425

pug1575

haul1743

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)]

winc888

fightc900

flitec900

wraxlec1000

wrestlea1200

cockc1225

conteckc1290

strivec1290

struta1300

topc1305

to have, hold, make, take strifec1374

stightlea1375

debatec1386

batea1400

strugglec1412

hurlc1440

ruffle1440

warc1460

warslea1500

pingle?a1513

contend1529

repugn1529

scruggle1530

sturtc1535

tuga1550

broilc1567

threap1572

yoke1581

bustle1585

bandy1594

tilt1595

combat1597

to go (also shake, try, wrestle) a fall1597

mutiny1597

militate1598

combatizec1600

scuffle1601

to run (or ride) a-tilt1608

wage1608

contesta1618

stickle1625

conflict1628

stickle1647

dispute1656

fence1665

contrast1672

scramble1696

to battle it1715

rug1832

grabble1835

buffet1839

tussle1862

pickeer1892

passage1895

tangle1928

a1425 (?c1375) N. Homily Legendary (Harl.) in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 7 Þan turmenturs..Went to him als þai war wode; Þai rugget at him with ful grete bir.

a1475 (a1450) Tournam. of Tottenham (Harl.) (1930) l. 199 (MED) Þus þay tugged and rugged tyl yt was nere nyȝt.

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) iii. l. 472 Abowt twa pillaris..He kest his armys hastely, And ruggit at þaim doggitly.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. ix. 140 Ane hydduus grype with bustuus bowland beyk..sparis nocht to rug, ryfe,and gnaw.

1559 D. Lindsay Test. Papyngo l. 1148 in Wks. (1931) I The Rauin began rudely to ruge and ryue.

a1585 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart (Tullibardine) in Poems (2000) I. 145 The wirdsisteris..Saw revinis ruge at þis rat.

1644 in J. I. Smith Sel. Justiciary Cases (1974) III. 642 Yow the said Agnes Fynnie with yor dochter..bothe sitting one his bedsyde fearcelie ruging at his breist.

a1665 W. Guthrie Heads of Serm. preached at Finnick (1680) ii. i. 44 Hells terror shall seize upon him,..the worm of an ill conscience rugging at his heart, and intrals of him, like a canker-worm drawing at his leaver.

1722 A. Ramsay Tale Three Bonnets iii. 20 Jouk three Times rugged at his [brother's] Shouder.

1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1871) II. 129 Hunger rugg'd at Watty's breast.

1832 Chambers' Edinb. Jrnl. 18 Aug. 225/1 The gilly,..who comes into the town,..rugging and riving for a place in some writer's office.

1872 C. Gibbon For King xvii You'll wring my arm out o' the socket if you keep rugging at it that way.

1880 W. T. Dennison Orcadian Sketch-bk. 40 They lifted an they pu'd, they rugged an dey rave.

1901 R. Anderson Hist. Kilsyth xiii. 111 That night the razor was bad. It rugged and he had to stop.

1951 R. Rendall Orkney Variants 24 Their lowan e'en are taakan tent O'chiels like Mansie o' the Bu Whose days upon the land are spent Ruggan wi' Taurus and the Pleugh.

1964 Southern Reporter 26 Mar. 9 Auld Scotland rugs at our hearts.

2002 S. Blackhall Fower Quarters i. 17 There's the derk an mirkie tunes, anes tae rugg at the hairt-strings.

†3. intransitive. to rug and reave: to commit robbery, to plunder and pillage. Cf. to rug and rive at sense 2. Also transitive: to attack, assault (a person). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > commit depredation [verb (intransitive)]

reaveOE

preyc1325

pillc1390

spoilc1400

spreathc1425

rive1489

poinda1500

to rug and reavea1500

to pill and poll1528

pilfer1548

fleece1575

plunder1642

spulyie1835

a1500 Anc. Sc. Prophecy in J. R. Lumby Bernadus de Cura (1870) 20 Then sall vakne vp a were,..When the bernys of the rawme ruggis & revys..And the pure pepill salbe spoyled full nere.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ix. x. 53 Best likis ws all tyme to rug and reyf, To drive away the spreith, and tharon leyf.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 323 Thay began to rug and reiue, stryk and stick ilk vther.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† rugv.²

Origin: Of uncertain origin.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Compare rugnet n., and see discussion at that entry. Perhaps compare earlier rug v.¹, although this shows a different geographical distribution.

Obsolete. rare.

intransitive. To fish with a rugnet.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [verb (intransitive)] > fish with net > with other nets

fleet1630

rug1630

drive1635

pouse1689

scringe1793

splash1855

1630 in R. Griffiths Descr. Thames (1758) 65 No Fisherman or other shall be suffered to rug for Flounders..between London Bridge..and Westminster.

1630 in R. Binnell Descr. Thames (1758) 79 That no Peter-man do rug from London Bridge to Blackwall.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

rugv.³

Brit.

/rʌɡ/, U.S.

/rəɡ/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rug n.³

Etymology: < rug n.³

1. transitive. To provide or cover with a rug; spec. to place a rug on (a horse). Also with up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > with cloth or textile > specific

mat1549

down1602

blanket1608

rug1818

quilt1840

towel1865

felt1883

tarpaulin1891

velvet1959

tarp1979

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [verb (transitive)] > cover with rug

rug1818

1818 M. Edgeworth Let. 15 Oct. (1971) 126 He hopes to have the rooms carpetted and rugged by tuesday.

1898 Lancet 17 Sept. 744/2 I sat in the corridor by an open window, well rugged up, throughout the journey.

1936 F. Clune Roaming round Darling iii. 26 Many sharp turns and wattle-trees. The latter, droopy after being out all night, should be rugged up this weather.

1968 E. R. Buckler Ox Bells & Fireflies vi. 93 You rugged the oxen and took the double-bitted ax from its leather fastener.

1975 D. Francis High Stakes i. 18 He was a great horse..he would soon be rugged up nice and quiet in a stable.

2005 J. Myers Managing Horses on Small Properties ii. 29 There are pros and cons associated with rugging horses.

2. intransitive. colloquial (chiefly Australian). With up. To put on warm clothing.

ΚΠ

1962 D. Forrest Hollow Woodheap vi. 37 ‘When you have a firm figure,’ she advised Miss Harrigan, ‘there's no need to rug up in winter.’

1986 T. Keneally Family Madness xiv. 96 Even on still days in winter it was possible for us to rug up and go out with our three easels.

1992 Times 8 Aug. 1/5 Promptly at 9am it is time to rug up for the hill. Rugging up entails layer upon layer of very old tweeds and sweaters.

2008 Hobart Mercury (Nexis) 14 July 24 The Fifth Annual Chocolate Winterfest at Latrobe yesterday drew crowds happy to rug up against the wintry rain.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹a1500

n.²c1540

n.³1547

n.⁴1653

n.⁵1856

adj.adv.1699

v.¹a1325

v.²1630

v.³1818

单词	rug
释义	rugn.¹ Brit. /rʌɡ/, U.S. /rəɡ/, Scottish English /rʌɡ/, Irish English /rʌɡ/ Forms: Scottish pre-1700 ruge, pre-1700 1700s– rug, 1700s– rugg, 1800s roug, 1900s– roag, 1900s– rogg (Shetland); also Irish English (northern) 1900s– rug. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rug v.¹ Etymology: < rug v.¹ Scottish. 1. A pull, a tug; spec. a tug on a fishing line when a fish has been hooked. Also Irish English (northern) in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [noun] > pulling > pulling forcibly > an act of ruga1500 tug?a1513 lug1897 a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) iii. l. 367 Wiþe a ruge þe rapis al He crakkyt in to pecis smalle. a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Passioun in Poems (1998) I. 36 The clayth that claif to his cleir hyd Thay raif away with ruggis rude. 1719 A. Ramsay Epist. to J. Arbuckle 23 I ga'e the muse a rug, Then bate my nails and claw'd my lug. 1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxviii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 633 The least rug 'ill bring down the squash. 1861 G. H. Kingsley in F. Galton Vacation Tourists iv. 146 When one caught the ither by the pow, and gied him a rug. 1894 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 67 An unexpected..‘rug’ by a brace of pounders. 1934 D. Scott Humorous Braid 74 I winna gi'e ye a rug at it; ye micht ca' 'er oot o' gear. 1950 Scots Mag. May 145 Never a rug dae they get, no' even frae an auld spent kelt. 1988 Eng. World-wide 9 116/2 He rives to bits wi rug and yark At Auntie's fancy needlewark. 1990 L. Todd Words Apart 139 Rug, pull, tug, yank. 2. a. A portion, a share, a torn-off piece (of something). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > torn off cloutc1325 rug?a1505 avulsion1678 scrid1815 rending1859 tearing1891 a1505 R. Henryson Sum Pract. Med. 40 in Poems (1981) 180 Recipe thre ruggis of the reid ruke. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 797 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 120 Raike hir a rug of ye rost or scho sall ryme [read ryiue] the. 1597 in J. Stuart Misc. Spalding Club (1841) I. 191 He suld..thrie rugges off ane dog hillack [and] fesch heime to hir. 1756 in A. Pennecuik et al. Coll. Scots Poems 136 Gae to my house, we'll drink a mug, May be I'll let you take a rug Of caller quean. 1805 J. Nicol Poems I. 117 Gif Fortune did me ever hug, Or gie me o' her joys a rug. 1876 D. Gilmour Paisley Weavers 28 She possessed not only a roug of common sense but a keenness of perception that few women were equal to. 1882 J. Walker Descr. Jaunt to Auld Reekie 45 To get o' gear the largest rug. b. A bargain, an acquisition on advantageous terms. Also: a good match, a ‘catch’. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > buying > [noun] > a purchase > a bargain good cheapc1375 great cheapc1375 Robin Hood bargain1709 rug1746 bargain1766 best buy1879 snip1926 steal1942 bargoon1964 sacrifice1976 1746 Countess of Buchan Let. Oct. in M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) p. liii He once thought he had the therty thousand rugg as he tells it. 1793 ‘T. Thrum’ Look before ye Loup 23 This warld, Harry, is nae great rug at best; we have a' our portion of care an' sorrow. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) When one purchases any thing under its common price, it is said that he has got a rug of it. 1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. xi. 234 Sir John..voted for the Union, having gotten, it was thought, a rug of the compensations. 1875 W. Alexander Sketches Life among Ain Folk iii They agreed that the farrow cow was a great ‘rug’. 1931 J. Leask Peculiar People 131 Na, 'e waas no great rug, bit hid's no fair tae cast canteelins at onyane 'at's gaen in 'is accoont. 1950 Buchan Observer 19 Sept. For a thresh of some 80 to 120 qrs. oats likely to bring around 15/- a qr. it was something of a ‘rug’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rugn.² Brit. /rʌɡ/, U.S. /rəɡ/, Scottish English /rʌɡ/ Forms: Middle English (in a late copy) 1600s rug, 1500s rugge; Scottish 1700s– rug, 1700s– rugg, 1800s– rogg, 1900s– ruk (Orkney). Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: Probably the reflex of a borrowing < early Scandinavian (compare Swedish regional (Skåne) rugg, early modern Danish rug (Danish regional rog, rogg), all in the same sense), of uncertain origin. In Orkney and Shetland use probably < the unattested Norn cognate of the Scandinavian words listed above.Compare also Scots (Orkney and Shetland) rag, ragg, raag wet mist, drizzle (early 20th cent.), and English regional (northern and north midland) rag hoar frost, rime, fog, mist (19th cent.), probably also ultimately borrowings < Scandinavian (compare Swedish regional raggja sea-mist, Danish regional (Jutland) rag sea-mist, hoar frost, rime, frost-mist, of uncertain origin; perhaps < the same Scandinavian base as (with suffixation) Icelandic hragla to drizzle, to sleet (18th cent.)). In later use Scottish (chiefly Orkney). Drizzling rain; wet mist; (also) wet weather; an instance of this.In quots. 1596 and 1622 with punning allusion to rug n.³ ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [noun] > light or fine rain roke1292 mull-rain1440 mizzle1490 rugc1540 drizzlea1612 dag1808 smur1808 sprinkle1829 skew1839 fret1982 c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 9652 Thurgh the rug & the rayn þat raiked aboue. 1596 M. Drayton Mortimeriados sig. F^v The sullen night in mistie rugge is wrapp'd. 1622 M. Drayton 2nd Pt. Poly-olbion xxvi. 124 Thicke Vapours, that like Rugs still hang the troubled ayre. 1705 in H. Marwick Merchant Lairds (1936) I. 21 The wind is just now come up westardly with rug weet. 1786 T. Hurtley Acct. Nat. Curiosities Environ Malham 35 From the Apex of the Cove, after what is in this part of the country [sc. Yorkshire] called a Rugg, or a succession of rainy and tempestuous weather,..there falls..a more grand and magnificent Cascade than imagination can form an idea of. 1845 New Statist. Acct. Scotl. XV. 96 Ruist, Rug, or Mur, synonymes for small rain [in Orkney]. 1866 T. Edmondston Etymol. Gloss. Shetland & Orkney Dial. 94 Rug, small rain. 1929 H. Marwick Orkney Norn 147/2 It's a filty rugg o' weet the day. 1969 G. M. Brown Orkney Tapestry 29 The old Orkneymen had a range of words for every kind and intensity of rain—a driv, a rug, a murr..a hellyiefer. 1996 M. Flaws & G. Lamb Orkney Dict. 56 Rug, wet mist. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rugn.³ Brit. /rʌɡ/, U.S. /rəɡ/ Forms: 1500s rogg, 1500s–1600s rugge, 1500s–1700s rugg, 1500s– rug, 1600s rog, 1600s rogge (North American), 1600s roog (North American); also Scottish pre-1700 rooge, pre-1700 roug, pre-1700 ruge, pre-1700 rwg, pre-1700 1700s rugg. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Compare earlier rugged adj.¹ and ruggy adj., which are probably ultimately related. The word has frequently been viewed as the reflex of an unattested Middle English borrowing < early Scandinavian, and indeed, several close formal and semantic parallels are attested in Scandinavian languages (e.g. Norwegian regional rugga , rogga coarse coverlet (also in the compounds skinnrugga skin-rug, ruggefeld shaggy cloak), Swedish rugg ruffled or coarse hair, (now rare) coarse cloth); these probably all derive < an ablaut variant of the Germanic base of the nouns cited at rag n.² However, the English noun does not show the regional distribution characteristic of Scandinavian loans, nor is there any evidence that it shows a historical geminated consonant (which was taken by some scholars as one of the chief arguments in support of a Scandinavian etymology). Compare slightly later roudge n.Some Older Scots forms may rather belong at roudge n. I. Any of various kinds of textile. 1. †a. A kind of coarse woollen cloth, frequently of Irish manufacture, and in common use in the 16th and 17th centuries. Cf. frieze n.¹ 1. Obsolete (historical and rare after 18th cent.). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > coarse or rough > frieze > types of frizado1542 rug1547 kelt?a1600 1547 W. Salesbury Dict. Eng. & Welshe Brethyn werddonic, Irysshe rugge. 1550 T. Becon Fortresse of Faythfull Prol. sig. A.viii^v How many now in so greate a multitude do cloth y^e poore naked creatures of God wyth canuis and rugge? 1558 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 114 Unto the poore people xij peces of gray rugge. ?1593 H. Chettle Kind-harts Dreame sig. F3 In a gown of rugge rent on the left shoulder. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xv. 640/2 A man bare-headed, and bare legged attired in a Coat of white rugge. 1612 H. Peacham Gentlemans Exercise ii. 136 December must bee..cladde in Irish rugge, or course freeze. 1711 J. Anderson Countrey-man's Let. to Curat 95 He goes Generally in Winter in good thick Rug, and in Summer most part in a Highland Plaid. 1767 G. Colman Eng. Merchant Prol. sig. A3 Be it Drab, Drugget, Flannel, Doyley, Friese, Rug, or whatever Winter-wear you please. 1914 W. W. Skeat & A. L. Mayhew Gloss. Tudor & Stuart Words 842 Rug-gown, a gown made of rug or coarse frieze. b. A particular variety or make of coarse woollen cloth; a piece of this. Also: a cloak, mantle, etc., made of rug. Now historical and rare. ΚΠ 1551–2 Act 5 & 6 Edw. VI c. 6 §1 All Clothes called Manchester Rugges, otherwise named Frices. 1577 R. Willes & R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Hist. Trauayle W. & E. Indies f. 260 The townes buylte of stone, the people rude in conditions, apparelled in diuersly coloured rugges. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 94 So becomming a thrummed rugge to keepe warme the Membranous and vnbloody guts and stomacke vnder it. 1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 109 Forty pound I think fit to bestow on Irish Ruggs such as are made at Killkennie, and Irish stockings. 1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 50 A Sage Leaf looks like a white Rugge, or Shagge, full of knots, tassel'd all with white silver Thrums. 1711 G. Miège Present State Great Brit. & Irel. (ed. 2) iii. ii. 9 The Principal Riches and Commodities of Ireland are..great quantities of Wooll, of which they make Cloth and Freezes, with those coarse Rugs, or Shag Mantles, which are vented into Foreign Countries. 1836 Family Mag. Jan. 26/2 This month is characterized by an old man, with an austere and fearful aspect, clad in an Irish rug, or coarse frieze. 1972 N. Lowe Lancs. Textile Industry in 16th Cent. iii. 32 There were thirty-seven friezes each worth 27s, twenty-two rugs at 21s. each, and one white rug worth 30s. 2. a. A thick woollen blanket or wrap, esp. used as bedding or worn when travelling. Also figurative.bed-, pram, railway, travelling rug, etc.: see first element. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > a covering > cloth or textile > for the person rug1591 wrappers1853 wrap1861 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > household linen > bedclothes > [noun] > blanket whittlec900 langel1324 blanket1346 caddow1579 cad1581 rug1591 cambal1599 cumbly1696 bed-blanket1701 kombaars1812 mackinaw blanket1822 blankie1921 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > made of specific material pallOE rug1591 matchcoat1612 abolla1700 kaross1731 buffalo-robe1804 posteen1815 korowai1820 izar1836 buffalo1840 thatch-cloak1844 parawai1847 kaitaka1882 muzhik1897 burka1898 suba1911 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Alcatifa A rug for a bed. 1609 in J. S. Moore Clifton & Westbury Probate Inventories (1981) 1 In His bedchamber..three yearne Coverlettes, two Rugges, one mantle of a Rugg, one truckle Bedsteede [etc.]. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1954) VII. 258 In that green-bed, whose covering is but a yard and a halfe of Turfe, and a Rugge of grasse. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 13 July (1974) VIII. 333 Mighty hot weather and I lying this night..with only a rugg and a sheet upon me. 1711 A. Bradstreet Will in Hist. Coll. Essex Inst. (1862) IV. 186 I give to m^rs Margarit Corwine, My bed & Bolster, Two pillows, green Rugg, Green Curtains [etc.]. 1734 J. Swift Cassinus & Peter in Beautiful Nymph 26 A Rug was o'er his Shoulders thrown; A Rug; for Night-gown he had none. 1751 S. Whatley England's Gazetteer at Wigan Famous for the mf. of coverlets, rugs, blankets, and other sorts of bedding. 1823 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 296/1 Heard a Cockney compare it [sc. Dover Castle] to an old woman wrapped up in a rug. 1862 Macmillan's Mag. June 125 The child can scarcely be too soon accustomed to be laid on its back on a mattress or rug on the floor. a1871 T. Carlyle in J. W. Carlyle Lett. & Memorials (1883) III. 247 We had to wrap our invalid in quite a heap of rugs and shawls. 1932 G. Greene Stamboul Train i. i. 8 Middle-aged ladies clutching shawls and rugs and sketch-books. 2007 South Wales Evening Post (Nexis) 15 Mar. 32 You'd see her sitting outside St Mary's Church with a rug over her knees and a collecting box. b. Any of various types of blanket or wrap used to cover a horse; spec. a shaped one worn for warmth or protection.horse-, New Zealand, sweat rug, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > other cloths poitrel1490 bard1520 fore-cloth1526 bardingc1540 barb1566 pectoral1602 water-deck1721 rug1790 barbing1799 sweaters1828 quarter blanket1872 quarter cloth1894 peto1957 sweat rug1971 1790 J. Clark Treat. Prevention Dis. Horses (ed. 2) 45 A single sheet or rug will be sufficient, unless the stable he [sc. the horse] stands in is very cold. 1866 J. H. Walsh Horse, in Stable & Field (new ed.) xiv. 216 Horse-clothing varies in make, quality, and price, from the small rug, costing about 6s. 1936 Times 13 Nov. 5/5 Half an hour before starting for the meet he takes off the rug (which keeps the horse tolerably clean). 1997 Your Horse Nov. 72/2 (advt.) Most horses need rugging up in winter and this book helps guide you through the maze of the many different rugs available. 2007 Horse & Rider Oct. 97/2 Oil or saddle soap any leather fittings on your rug to help prevent cracking. 3. A small carpet or mat, often one woven or knotted in a pattern of colours and having a deep pile, used chiefly as a floor covering and for decoration.In early use often difficult to distinguish from sense 2.area, hearth-, Persian, prayer rug, etc.: see first element. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > rug rug1624 namad1753 rigg1769 Meshed1904 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia vi. 233 He came ouer the brooke to our Plantation, where we set him vpon a rug, and then brought our Gouernour to him with Drums and Trumpets. 1632 P. Holland tr. Xenophon Cyrupædia v. ix. 127 Himselfe taking Cyaxares by the right hand,..gave commaundement, to lay Median carpets and ruggs for him on the ground. 1794 L. Peacock Visit for Week 48 We sleep much easier upon the rug than we should on the mattress, if we knew you wanted one. 1808 J. Austen Let. 1 Oct. (1995) 141 She does not doubt your making out the Star pattern very well, as you have the Breakfast-room-rug to look at. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. iv. 90 I stood on the rug and warmed my hands. 1888 Good Housek. 27 Oct. 298/2 I needed a new rug for the spare room. 1902 J. Buchan Watcher by Threshold v. 287 The fire-lit hall, with its rugs and little tables. 1962 ‘C. Marchant’ Heritage of Folly i. 43 She sat down on the rug before the fire. 2001 Art Room Catal. Autumn 49/1 The rich colours of this generously sized rug would be the making of a hall or landing. II. Extended senses. 4. See water-rug n. †5. Apparently: a person who wears a cloak made of rug. Cf. rug gown n. 2. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > [noun] > one who watches or keeps guard > municipal watchman wait1418 watchmanc1440 rattle manc1596 rug gowna1625 ruga1627 billman1630 Charley1819 a1627 H. Shirley Martyr'd Souldier (1638) ii. iii I am..Lord over these Larroones, Regent of these Rugs, Viceroy over these Vagabonds. †6. U.S. A tangled mass of vegetation which forms a dense layer and prevents the growth of crop plants. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 129 There is a natural tough sward commonly called a rug, which must either rot or be burned before any cultivation can be made. 7. a. slang. The pubic hair, esp. of a woman; (hence) the female external genitals. Cf. carpet n. Additions.Frequently in the context of cunnilingus, esp. in compounds; cf. rug muncher n.Recorded earliest in twat-rug (cf. twat n. 1a). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > hair > pubic hair > [noun] pubes1569 garden1732 fud1771 pubic hair1836 moss1847 rug1893 maidenhair1908 pussy hairc1910 bush1922 man-hair1928 thatch1933 chuff1967 pube1967 the world > life > the body > sex organs > female sex organs > [noun] cuntc1230 quivera1382 chosec1386 privy chosea1387 quoniamc1405 naturec1470 shell1497 box1541 water gate1541 mouth1568 quiver case1568 water gap1586 cunnya1593 medlar1597 mark1598 buggle-boo1600 malkin1602 lap1607 skin coat1611 quim1613 nest1614 watermilla1626 bum1655 merkin1656 twat1656 notch1659 commodity1660 modicum1660 crinkum-crankum1670 honeypot1673 honour1688 muff1699 pussy1699 puss1707 fud1771 jock1790 cock?1833 fanny?1835 vaginac1890 rug1893 money-maker1896 Berkeley1899 Berkeley Hunt1899 twitchet1899 mingea1903 snatch1904 beaver1927 coozie1934 Sir Berkeley1937 pocketbook1942 pranny1949 zatch1950 cooch1955 bearded clam1962 noonie1966 chuff1967 coozea1968 carpet1981 pum-pum1983 front bum1985 coochie1986 punani1987 front bottom1991 va-jay-jay2000 1893 J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang III. at Fleece The female pubic hair... English synonyms..twat-rug. 1964 R. Blake Amer. Dict. Sexual Terms Rug, the Pubes, particularly in the female. 1998 Dr. Laura shaves her Rug in alt. radio.talk.dr-laura (Usenet newsgroup) 13 June Why does dr. laura [sic] shave her rug? A friend saw her in a health club and she's as bald as a baby. 2001 Max Power Dec. 43/2 A woman jumps on the bed, but just picks up the cuddly toy. Rug-munching tart. 2003 Seattle Weekly (Nexis) 29 Oct. Men go on about how much they love munching the rug because they think it's what you want to hear. b. slang (originally U.S.). A hairpiece worn by a man; a toupee. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > wig periwig1529 peruke?a1549 periwinkle1580 flash1699 scandalous1699 strum1699 noddle-casea1704 rug1940 1940 J. O'Hara Pal Joey 190 I even wear a little rug up front. 1966 J. Susann Valley of Dolls 72 Terry King is bald without his rug. 1978 Telegraph (Brisbane) 18 Feb. 8/2 ‘Now, in fact, I do wear a hairpiece in the film I'm making.’.. The film for which he has donned a ‘rug’ as they are called, is Meteor. 2009 Kansas City (Missouri) Star (Nexis) 15 Sept. a1 We agents would have discussions about whether that was really Mark's hair or a rug. c. colloquial. A (thick) growth of chest hair. ΚΠ 1954 K. Amis Lett. (2000) 406 James Bartley had removed his shirt,..actually I think to display the grey rug on his chest to the young ladies. 1979 Washington Post (Nexis) 6 Dec. c1 Gold chains and medallions nested in rugs of chest hair. 1997 J. Brook in S. Champion Disco Biscuits 124 I can see drops of sweat in the rug on his chest. 2003 Heat 4 Jan. 25/1 The follicles on his chest have gone into overdrive, producing a rug any 18-year-old boy would be proud of. Phrases P1. snug as a bug in a rug: see snug adj.¹ 2b. P2. to pull the rug (out) from under: see pull v. Phrases 14. P3. chiefly North American. to cut a (also the) rug: to dance, esp. to jazz or swing music. [in allusion to the vigorous motion across the dance floor, which is taken as damaging the carpet (compare quot. 1937 for rug-cutter n. at Compounds 2b); compare slightly earlier rug-cutter n., rug-cutting n.] ΚΠ 1938 Afro-American 23 July 11/3 (caption) Cutting the Rug. Roderick Gordon and Miss Bobbie Burrus give demonstration at Little Comedy Club in Baltimore. 1940 C. Porter Compl. Lyrics (1983) 207/3 America's palsy-walsy, England's a trifle smug, While England does the stately waltz, America cuts a rug. 1943 N.Y. Times 9 May ii. 5/4 Why, brother, all the cats cut a mean rug to that music. 1978 Jet 2 Feb. 57 (caption) Sen. Humphrey, the ‘second best dancer in Washington’, cuts the rug..at a New York party in his honor. 2008 Tampa Tribune (Florida) (Nexis) 14 May Expect to see..a few dozen couples cutting a rug in the middle of the wooden dance floor. P4. to sweep (also brush, kick, etc.) (something) under the rug: = to sweep (or push) (something) under the carpet at carpet n. 2e. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep quiet about [phrase] to keep or hold (a matter) counsel (later in counsela1400 to keep secret1399 to keep (something) dark1532 to draw a veil over1582 not to tell one's shirt1586 to keep one's (own) counsel1604 to put (also keep) in one's pocketa1616 to name no names1692 to make a secret of1738 to keep (‥) snug1778 to clap, put, or keep the thumb on1825 to wash one's dirty linen at home, in public1867 to hold back1956 to sweep (also brush, kick, etc.) (something) under the rug1956 to get it off one's chest1961 to sweep (or push) (something) under the carpet1963 1956 Accounting Rev. 31 358 Apparently the whole subject is regarded as something which can be quickly swept under the rug. 1961 D. M. Disney Mrs. Meeker's Money vii. 77 The whole thing..was so far outside the normal routine..that it practically demanded being swept under the rug. 1978 M. Puzo Fools Die xvi. 174 Unless the government covers the whole thing up, you know, kicks it under the rug. 1982 Billboard 4 Dec. 51/2 That attitude..just brushes the issue under the rug without dealing with the emotions involved. 2002 New Republic 6 May 25/1 The careerist ambitions of some bishops inclined them to sweep scandals under the rug. Compounds C1. General attributive, with the sense ‘made of rug’ (sense 1), as rug cloak, rug doublet, etc. See also rug gown n. Now historical and rare. ΚΠ 1590 J. Eliot tr. J. de L'Espine Sicke-mans Comfort i. 146 To cloath himselfe with a rugge coate made of Cammelles haire. 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. C2 Dame Niggardize his wife, in a sedge rugge kirtle. 1612 J. Speed Theatre of Empire of Great Brit. iv. i. 138/2 Ouer their side-garments the shagge rugge mantels. a1661 W. Brereton Trav. (1844) 156 Much more comely than the rug short cloaks used by the women. 1686 London Gaz. No. 2152/4 An Apprentice,..in a gray Coat, and white rug Doublet. 1786 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1862) 2nd Ser. III. 339 I who only go out..when the sun shines, in a rugg great coat and boot-stockings. 1796 F. Jacson Plain Sense (ed. 2) III. 190 A rug-cloak..covered her warmly over at night. 1800 S. T. Coleridge Let. to Wedgwood Jan. I am sitting by a fire in a rug greatcoat. 1825 ‘M. O'Tara’ Thomas Fitz-Gerald I. xii. 209 With the assistance of a plentiful fire and some large rug-mantle, the patient was more willing to abide here. 1872 Mrs. J. Cooke Philippe vi. 77 A large blue rug-cloak, with a hood that covered his head, completed his toilet. C2. a. In senses 2, 3. rug chest n. ΚΠ 1894 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 16 May 6/1 The prizes were—A Chippendale rug chest, Sheraton bureau, [etc.]. 1976 Leicester Trader 24 Nov. 19/2 (advt.) Rug chests... £25. 2002 Irish Times (Nexis) 19 Oct. 18 €4,000 for an 18th century mahogany rug chest. rug cleaner n. ΚΠ 1862 Solicitors' Jrnl. & Reporter 28 June 642/2 Powell, Philip,..Rug cleaner. 1965 Times 17 May 12/5 [The beagle] has contributed to the national economy by giving steady employment to rug cleaners. 2005 C. Harris Feather your Nest v. 154 Take large rugs to the dry cleaner or do it yourself with a commercial rug cleaner. rug fringe n. ΚΠ 1825 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 11 Nov. (advt.) 500 yards Rug Fringe. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. xvii. [Ithaca] 659 The upturned rugfringe. 2008 Lowell Sun (Mass.) (Nexis) 10 Apr. Run fingers through rug fringe to neaten. rug loom n. ΚΠ 1899 Lowell (Mass.) Sun 22 Feb. 6/1 Several rug looms will soon be added to the company's stock. 1969 Art Educ. 22 ix. 32/2 There is comprehensive writing on types of looms, and basic requirements of a rug loom. 2005 J. F. Weber Will Chicken be with Grandma? 21 We had a rug loom in one room upstairs. rug maker n. ΚΠ 1761 J. Wright Amer. Negotiator 13 Stephen Marman, rug-maker. 1835 Times 17 Oct. 4/1 Mr. Jacob Canton, a rug-maker, stated that the prisoner applied to him for two rugs. 1918 Fine Arts Jrnl. 36 44/2 Permanency is the best asset of the rug maker's colorings. 2010 Irish Times (Nexis) 17 Apr. 5 The trail invites visitors to take the roads less travelled and visit the studios of rug-makers, weavers, [etc.]. rug-making n. ΚΠ 1749 Proc. King’s Comm. Peace 8 Mrs. Sarah Green..gain'd her Livelihood by working for Mr. Winn, in the Parish of St. Saviour's Southwark, at the Trade of Rug-making. 1822 M. Edgeworth in Life & Lett. (1894) II. 70 We went through the female wards.., and saw the women at various works,—knitting, rug-making, &c. 1976 N. Roberts Face of France iii. 39 Shops with displays of equipment for tapestry work and rug-making. 2009 Times Jrnl. (St. Thomas, Ontario) (Nexis) 27 Oct. (Entertainment) 13 There is no disputing the fact that everyone possesses an absolute love of rug-making. rug peddler n. ΚΠ 1889 St. Paul (Minnesota) Daily News 1 May 4/3 The ex-policeman and rug peddler, arrested..for obtaining money under false pretenses. 1916 J. London Let. 12 Oct. (1966) 473 ‘Uncle Charley’..then proceeded to shake you down in proper money-lender,..rug-peddler fashion. 1993 Crain's Chicago Business (Nexis) 18 Oct. 10 Last month, on the streets of Istanbul, I was assaulted by a rug peddler who asked me where I was from. rug weaver n. ΚΠ 1767 London Evening Post 3 Jan. 3/1 Mrs. Jones, wife of a Rug weaver in this town. 1845 J. Adshead Prisons & Prisoners 233 (list) Rug Weavers and Mat Makers. 1920 Bull. Cleveland Museum Art 7 64 The individuality of the rug weaver is lost in a close adherence to type. 2009 Sudbury Star (Ont.) (Nexis) 14 Aug. a9 Raili was an extraordinary human being—an accomplished seamstress and rug weaver. rug weaving n. ΚΠ 1833 N. Amer. Rev. July 47 There is..the coarse rug-weaving. 1962 C. W. Jacobsen Oriental Rugs 273 Rug weaving began in Qum some 20 years ago. 2010 Sun (Nexis) 26 June 54 Basket-making and rug weaving..are dying arts because tourists are buying mass-produced items from resort supermarkets. rug wool n. ΚΠ 1879 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 12 Feb. 6/3 Rug wool, 68 bales. 1926 S. T. Warner Lolly Willowes ii. 114 She bought an extensive parcel..of variously coloured rug-wools. 2009 Derby Evening Tel. (Nexis) 5 Nov. 10 My mother made me a royal blue dressing gown knitted on big needles with Big Ben wool. It was like rug wool. rug work n. ΚΠ 1807 Hull Packet 14 July (advt.) Worsted and Canvass for Carpets and Rug Work. 1843 Penny Cycl. XXVII. 180/1 Another kind of weaving..is that which relates to rug-work and tapestry. 2009 Falmouth Packet (Nexis) 25 Aug. Paintings, drawing and calligraphy, cross stitch, beadwork, quilting, knitting, cardmaking and rug work were just some items visitors were able to see. rug yarn n. ΚΠ 1684 I. Mather Ess. for Recording Illustrious Providences v. 153 In the Morning he swooned, and coming to himself, he roared terribly, and did eat Ashes, Sticks, Rug-yarn. 1741 Proc. Assizes Peace Surrey 22–25 July 14 I have been robb'd very often of great Quantities of Rug Yarn, and could never find out who was the Thief. 1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 124/3 Colored Rug Yarn... ingrain carpet yarn, assorted colors, 4 skeins to pound. 1932 D. C. Minter Mod. Needlecraft 224/2 The thinner qualities of rug yarn—such as Persian, Straight, Shetland and various Thrums yarns. 2008 St. Paul Pioneer Press (Minnesota) (Nexis) 6 Jan. I'm sure my mom must have knitted something extra-special with the skein of royal-blue rug yarn that I picked out for her many years ago. b. rug beater n. an implement resembling a bat, used for dislodging dirt and dust from a suspended rug by beating. ΚΠ 1892 Boston Daily Globe 1 Oct. 2/7 (advt.) Medium size rattan rug beater. 1965 N. Amer. Rev. Nov. 5/2 The faithful can opener is fated to join in oblivion such nobles as the rug beater. 2009 A. Sinclair Dirt Roads & High Topped Shoes 31 The rug was rolled up, taken outside, and hung over the clothesline. Mother used a rug beater to clean it. rug brick n. a rough-surfaced brick. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > brick > [noun] > brick made in specific way semi-brick1601 place brick1621 clinker1659 rubbed brick1663 rubber1744 marl1812 bat1816 burr1823 wire-cut brick1839 place1843 wire-cut1910 rug brick1914 texture brick1940 1914 House Beautiful Oct. (verso rear cover) Greendale ‘rug’ brick. 1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 3 Feb. 43/1 (advt.) 3 bedroom rug brick home. 2007 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator (Nexis) 19 Mar. a10 The New York-style structure was built of fireproof reinforced concrete dressed in rug brick with white, glazed terracotta trim. rug burn n. an abrasion on the body caused by the friction of a rug or similar surface against the skin. ΚΠ 1927 Charleston (W. Va.) Daily Mail 8 Nov. 15/2 Mr. Scott..left the ring with a severe case of rug burn on his shoulder blades. 1973 Sewanee Rev. 81 819 I considered the rug-burn on my elbow. 2007 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) Jan. 72 Players said it [sc. Astroturf] felt hard underfoot and complained of rug burns when they hit the deck. rug-cutter n. slang (chiefly North American) a dancer, esp. one who dances to jazz or swing music; (also) a good time; cf. to cut a (also the) rug at Phrases 3. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > dancer generally > [noun] leapera1000 sailour?a1366 tripperc1380 dancerc1440 sallierc1440 hopperc1480 flinger?a1513 foot clapper1620 pranker1628 saltatorya1640 prancer1653 apache dancer1912 hoofer1923 rug-cutter1934 1934 F. Henderson (title of song) Rug cutter's swing. 1937 Flash! 9 Aug. 12/2 Rug-cut? Well, that's a new name for the Lindy hop. Too many flyers passed the Atlantic bounding main under themselves since the Lindbergh hop—so, it's now simply Rug-cut. The name explains itself. The dance is what (Rug-cutting); who (Rug-cutters); damaged (Rug). 1959 N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 107 He seemed full of strength and merriment. He would clap two geishas to him, and call across..to another soldier. ‘Hey, Brown,’ he would shout, ‘ain't this a rug-cutter?’ 2009 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 15 Feb. f3 Ironically, the death of disco came at the same time, but that didn't stop rug-cutters from dancing as an escape. rug-cutting n. slang (chiefly North American) the action of dancing, esp. to jazz or swing music; cf. to cut a (also the) rug at Phrases 3. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > [noun] hoppingc1290 dancec1300 dancinga1340 sallyingc1440 footinga1450 balla1571 tracing1577 orchestra1596 measuring1598 dancery?1615 saltation1623 tripudiation1623 poetry of motion (also the foot)1654 light fantastic1832 rug-cutting1937 terping1942 1937 Flash! 9 Aug. 12/2 The dance is what (Rug-cutting); who (Rug-cutters); damaged (Rug). 1942 Chatelaine Apr. 54/2 The rug-cutting addicts discovered an older form of swing. 1997 Courier-Jrnl. (Louisville, Kentucky) 22 Aug. (Weekend Extra section) 20/3 It [sc. the film Shall We Dance] is much more than a lot of dazzling rug-cutting. rug hook n. a metal hook, typically fitted into a wooden handle, and used to pull strips of cloth or wool through a woven base in order to produce a rug. ΚΠ 1859 J. B. Lyman & L. E. Lyman Philos. Housek. xviii. 311 Any blacksmith will make you a rug-hook in the shape of a crochet needle, only much larger. 1966 Olney Amsden & Sons Ltd. Price List 35 Latchet Rug Hooks... 16/- Dozen. 2002 W. Woodruff Road to Nab End (2003) 13 The women made them at night, pulling strips of cloth with a rughook through a stiff piece of fabric. rug hooking n. the process of producing a rug by pulling strips of cloth or wool through a base of woven material. ΚΠ 1899 G. W. Edwards Mole or Not in Break o'Day 33 They were always either winding wool or cutting rags for rug-hooking. 1963 B. Friedan Feminine Mystique i. 18 They..took the rug-hooking class in adult education. 2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 Oct. b34/6 This London artist is..delightfully inventive in using the domestic arts of knitting, needlepoint, rug hooking and sewing to produce colorful, optically absorbing essays in patternmaking. rug ranking n. originally and chiefly Canadian the system of determining the salary of a secretary in federal employment by the status of the person for whom he or she works, the level of the salary thus corresponding to the quality of the rug in the manager's office (see quot. 1973). ΚΠ 1970 Ottawa Citizen 2 July 42/6 Rug-ranking takes over about ST5 and up—where a secretary's status and salary depends on the status of the boss, not on the demands of the job. 1973 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 21 July 1/1 Rug-ranking..refers to the Government's method of establishing the pay-level of secretaries in the same way the quality of the manager's rug is determined. 1993 Gazette (Montreal) 10 May c20 No more rug ranking... Wages are no longer solely dependent on the rank. rug-rank v. Canadian rare transitive to make (one's way) up an employment scale through the system of rug ranking. ΚΠ 1977 Whig-Standard (Kingston, Ont.) 9 Feb. 7/2 Her abilities caught the eye of some of the rising lights of her time, and the story has it that she ‘rug-ranked’ her way up out of the secretarial classifications. rug rat n. slang (originally U.S.) a small child, esp. one who still crawls rather than walks. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > child > [noun] wenchelc890 childeOE littleOE littlingOE hired-childc1275 smalla1300 brolla1325 innocentc1325 chickc1330 congeonc1330 impc1380 faunt1382 young onec1384 scionc1390 weea1400 birdc1405 chickenc1440 enfaunta1475 small boyc1475 whelp1483 burden1490 little one1509 brat?a1513 younkerkin1528 kitling1541 urchin1556 loneling1579 breed1586 budling1587 pledge?1587 ragazzo1591 simplicity1592 bantling1593 tadpole1594 two-year-old1594 bratcheta1600 lambkin1600 younker1601 dandling1611 buda1616 eyas-musketa1616 dovelinga1618 whelplinga1618 puppet1623 butter printa1625 chit1625 piggy1625 ninnyc1626 youngster1633 fairya1635 lap-child1655 chitterling1675 squeaker1676 cherub1680 kid1690 wean1692 kinchin1699 getlingc1700 totum17.. charity-child1723 small girl1734 poult1739 elfin1748 piggy-wiggy1766 piccaninny1774 suck-thumb18.. teeny1802 olive1803 sprout1813 stumpie1820 sexennarian1821 totty1822 toddle1825 toddles1828 poppet1830 brancher1833 toad1836 toddler1837 ankle-biter1840 yarkera1842 twopenny1844 weeny1844 tottykins1849 toddlekins1852 brattock1858 nipper1859 sprat1860 ninepins1862 angelet1868 tenas man1870 tad1877 tacker1885 chavvy1886 joey1887 toddleskin1890 thumb-sucker1891 littlie1893 peewee1894 tyke1894 che-ild1896 kiddo1896 mother's bairn1896 childling1903 kipper1905 pick1905 small1907 God forbid1909 preadolescent1909 subadolescent1914 toto1914 snookums1919 tweenie1919 problem child1920 squirt1924 trottie1924 tiddler1927 subteen1929 perisher1935 poopsie1937 pre-schooler1937 pre-teen1938 pre-teener1940 juvie1941 sprog1944 pikkie1945 subteenager1947 pre-teenager1948 pint-size1954 saucepan lid1960 rug rat1964 smallie1984 bosom-child- 1964 Columbus (Nebraska) Daily Telegram 19 Sept. 6/4 Our fishing had to stop whilst we repaired tackle for the rug rats. 1970 Current Slang (Univ. S. Dakota) 4 iii–iv. 23 Rug rat, a small child. 1976 Daily Tel. 16 July (Colour Suppl.) 10/1 He is without children; he has rug-rats instead. 1988 S. E. McKay New Child Safety Handbk. i. 1/2 Get down on your hands and knees and survey the surroundings. See what your rug rat sees. 2004 Food & Trav. May 97/1 Children's package..for two connecting double rooms with free cartoons and dressing gowns for the rug rats. rug strap n. a strap used to secure a rug or blanket; spec. a strap used to secure a horse rug to a horse. ΚΠ 1859 Trewman's Exeter Flying Post 10 Mar. 4/5 (advt.) Portmanteaus, carpet bags, collar boxes, rug straps, and every article of outfitting for gentlemen's wear. 1891 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 159 The only unattached part being the rug strap for camera. 2003 I. Coleman Happy Horse v. 61 If you get hit in the face with a flying rug strap, or surcingle, it hurts. Derivatives rug-like adj. ΚΠ 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 108 Colchester Bays, a coarse Rug-like Manufacture. 1850 Morning Chron. 14 Jan. 5/5 The bed clothes [were] of that rug-like texture and that dingy brownish hue which always make their material a matter of some doubt. 1889 Pop. Sci. Monthly Mar. 714/2 ‘Leidy’ [sc. a spider] kept a rug-like web spread on the ground. 1902 H. Thompson in A. C. Harmsworth et al. Motors & Motor-driving (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 81 A rug-like wrapping around the body. 1943 Pop. Mech. Mar. 7 (caption) Twisted cord like that shown gives a ruglike appearance. 2009 Sunday Mail (S. Austral.) (Nexis) 5 July (TV Guide) 4 Smirky Nigel Lythgoe, of the rug-like 'do. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † rugn.⁴ Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Obsolete. rare. A kind of strong liquor. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > other alcoholic drinks > [noun] > others stitch-broth1635 Cherellya1640 rug1653 steel-nose1654 pope's-milka1661 Northdown1670 purl royal1675 sweetsa1679 forty-ninea1713 huggle-my-buff1756 slug1756 gunpowder1765 guarapo1772 peachy1781 all nations1785 anti-fogmatic1789 soma1827 ava1831 native1832 tap1832 stone fence1844 slap-bang1845 Angostura1856 jake1910 tepache1926 pruno1936 muratina1968 makkoli1970 alcopop1996 1653 J. Taylor Certain Trav. Uncertain Journey 16 Of all the drinks potable Rug is most puisant, potent, notable. Rug was the Capitall Commander there. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2021). Rugn.⁵ Brit. /rʌɡ/, U.S. /rəɡ/ Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: Rugbeian n. Etymology: Shortened < Rugbeian n. slang. Now rare. A former or present pupil of Rugby School. Frequently in Old Rug. Cf. Rugbeian n. ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > pupil at specific school > at other specific schools substance1811 Grecian1813 gown-boy1853 Rug1856 1856 Bell's Life in London 19 Oct. 7/6 Mr Wills (an old Rug) made a good run in. 1885 E. C. G. Murray Under Lens I. 263 Harrovians are less languid than Etonians, less rough, ready and well-taught than ‘Rugs’. 1906 G. W. E. Russell Social Silhouettes i. 3 Harrovians must put up with the doubtful praise of comparative cleverness, and ‘Old Rugs’ with the undoubted reproach of superior rowdiness. 1936 C. E. Thomas European Universities v. 83 One writer..was probably not popular with ‘Old Rugs’, as boys from Rugby School are termed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † rugadj.adv. Forms: 1600s– rug, 1700s–1800s rugg. Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Apparently originally a cant word. Obsolete. A. adj. 1. In gambling: safe, secure. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > [adjective] > safe rug1699 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew (at cited word) It's all Rug, the Game is secured. [Also in later dictionaries.] 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 39. ⁋36 If one has it all Rug, as the Gamesters say, when they have a Trick to make the Game secure. 1714 T. Lucas Mem. Most Famous Gamesters & Sharpers 104 His great Dexterity of making all Rugg at Dice, as the Cant is for securing a Die between two Fingers. 1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 130/1 Rugg, all right and safe. 2. In extended use. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > [adjective] > safe or secure sickerc897 safec1325 surec1330 safea1393 sover1396 traistya1400 exempta1420 undangeredc1460 surec1475 cocksurea1529 sound1535 jeopardless1549 dangerless?1555 secure1572 secure1576 defensible1581 unobnoxious?1609 unendangereda1658 rug1705 anchored1878 1705 N. Rowe Biter i. i Fear nothing, Sir; Rug's the Word, all's safe. 1721 C. Cibber Refusal i. 18 Granger: And does this Contract secure the Lady's Fortune to you too? Witling: O! Pox! I knew that was all Rug before. 1733 A. Pope Impertinent 10 Who got his Pension Rug, Or quicken'd a Reversion by a Drug? 1770 T. Bridges Burlesque Transl. Homer (ed. 3) II. x. 162 We'll here lie snug, Let him but pass, we have him rug. B. adv. Safely, securely. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > [adverb] > safely or securely fasteOE sickerc1275 sickerlyc1290 surelyc1330 surea1400 surefully1495 soverly1513 sover1575 secure1578 securely1587 snug1674 rug1714 1714 P. Wentworth Let. 29 June in Wentworth Papers (1883) 394 The changes at Court does not go so rug as some people expected. 1728 J. Smedley Metamorph. 4 Stocks were a rising, Trade was Snug, and that at Court all Things went rug. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020). rugv.¹ Brit. /rʌɡ/, U.S. /rəɡ/, Scottish English /rʌɡ/, Irish English /rʌɡ/ Forms: Middle English rog, Middle English rogg, Middle English rogge, Middle English–1700s rugge, Middle English– rug, 1900s– rugg; English regional 1800s– rugg; Scottish pre-1700 rowg, pre-1700 ruge, pre-1700 rugge, pre-1700 ruig, pre-1700 ruk, pre-1700 rwg, pre-1700 rwgg, pre-1700 1700s– rug, pre-1700 1700s– rugg, 1900s– roog; N.E.D. (1909) also records a form late Middle English ruge. Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: Probably < early Scandinavian (compare Icelandic rugga , Faroese rugga to rock, Norwegian rugge to move, budge, rock, wag, Swedish rugga , (regional) rogga to rock, to sway, to move, to totter, Danish †rugge to rock (in an isolated attestation)), perhaps related to the Germanic verbs cited at rock v.¹ It has been suggested that the original sense of these Scandinavian verbs may have been ‘to pull’, which would strengthen the suggested etymology; however, there is no evidence to support this conjecture. Now chiefly Scottish, Irish English (northern), and English regional (northern). 1. a. transitive. To pull, tug, or tear (a person or thing), esp. violently or forcibly.With quot. 1722 compare to rug and rive at sense 2. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > forcibly halec1275 hurlc1305 ruga1325 windc1400 lugc1540 haul1581 pully-haul1839 snake1856 a1325 (c1300) Chron. P. de Langtoft (Cambr.) (1839) 296 (MED) The roglre raggi sculke rug ham in helle. c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 501 (MED) Wiþ his teeþ he gon hit togge, And so radli he gon hit Rogge Þat al þe Rolle gon race. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15825 Þai his maister drogh And rugged [Trin. Cambr. lugged] him vn-rekenli bath ouer hill and ogh. a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 1230 (MED) Wild bestes..wald worow men..And rogg þam in sonder and ryve. a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Passioun in Poems (1998) I. 37 Than rudlie come Remembrance, Ay rugging me withouttin rest. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 822 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 120 In come twa flyrand fulis..Ruschit baith to ye bard and ruggit his haire. 1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxii. 51 God nor ye gleddis ȝe get, Or Rauinnis the rug with bludie beik in bittis. 1572 R. Sempill Lament. Commounis Scotl. (single sheet) We commounis all..now allace ar rugit, reuin and rent. 1619 in W. K. Tweedie Select Biogr. (1845) I. 101 We have a vigilant enemy who would draw and rugg us backward. 1655 in E. Henderson Kirk-session Rec. Dumfermline (1865) 45 [She] deponit that John Kellek ruggit and puggit hir beneath the spittell-brig. 1722 in W. Hector Judicial Rec. Renfrewshire (1876) I. 104 He, when the complainer [sc. a woman] getting up and getting hold of ane post, did there rugg and rive her. 1787 A. Shirrefs Jamie & Bess i. 50 But dinna rug our hair! 1795 H. Macneill Scotland's Skaith lvi Jean..Flyt's, and storms, and rug's Will's hair. 1835 J. Hogg in Fraser's Mag. 11 358 The Hunter he rugged his old grey hair. 1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb iii. 23 I'se rug yer lugs t'ye gin ye dinna gae this minit. 1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Rug, he wis ruggin her hair. 1930 R. Kipling Limits & Renewals (1932) 234 Old dry bites—when they get good hold and rugg you. That showed he must have dealt with the Beasts. 1987 S. Blackhall in Chapman 49 57 Ane's trottin trig, the tither rugs the load Heid-doon. 1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 281/1 Rug, pull, tug (especially hair); pull about roughly. b. transitive. With about, away, down, forth, off, out (of), up. ΚΠ ?a1425 (?c1350) Northern Passion (Rawl.) l. 1731 (MED) Þe purpure clath þat he in stode..cleued on ilk a syde ffull fast both vn-to flesch and hyde; þai ruged [a1425 Harl. rugged] it of with-outen rest When it so to þe flessh was fest. c1429 Mirour Mans Saluacioune (1986) l. 2519 His fete thai ruggid out semblably, And thirlid thaym to the Crosse. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 152 The euill herbis may nocht be gudely ruggit vp, be the rutis, bot..gude herbis yat ar nere thaim..be ruggit vp with thame. a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Abbot of Tungland in Poems (1998) I. 58 The pyot furth his pennis did rug. 1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) i. 125 Ruging and raifand vp kirk rentis lyke ruikis. 1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 12 In taking away bells, and rugging doun..ornaments. 1665 in D. Robertson S. Leith Rec. (1911) 121 If he knew quhare Mr. James Sharp's corps were laid he should rug his dead bones out of the grave. 1671 in W. Fraser Sutherland Bk. (1892) II. 188 The people..did rugge and stealle away greate burdines of our peas. 1692 ‘J. Curate’ Sc. Presbyterian Eloquence ii. 41 The Devil rugg their Hearts out of their sides. a1774 R. Fergusson Poems (1785) 175 Owr me the muckle horses gallop, Eneugh to rug my very saul up. 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality ix, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. IV. 182 Like Punch and the Deevil rugging about the Baker at the fair. 1860 Baily's Monthly Mag. July 280 Johnnie nodded, and gave a sort of caper and fling, rugging up his breeks simultaneously. 1895 J. T. Clegg Sketches 235 They'll come an' rugg thee eaut o' bed. 1912 D. Crawford Thinking Black xii. 219 Rug up a man from the roots of his being—home, kinsmen, liberty—then transplant him as captive chattel. 1995 D. McLean Bunker Man 124 Behind his back he felt her rugging out his shirt-tails and sliding her hands down to cup his arse. 2. intransitive. To pull, tear, or tug (at something); to struggle, wrestle. Also figurative. Frequently in to rug and rive (cf. rive v.¹). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > exert pulling force on or pull at pullOE beteec1275 tug13.. tucka1400 ruga1425 pug1575 haul1743 society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)] winc888 fightc900 flitec900 wraxlec1000 wrestlea1200 cockc1225 conteckc1290 strivec1290 struta1300 topc1305 to have, hold, make, take strifec1374 stightlea1375 debatec1386 batea1400 strugglec1412 hurlc1440 ruffle1440 warc1460 warslea1500 pingle?a1513 contend1529 repugn1529 scruggle1530 sturtc1535 tuga1550 broilc1567 threap1572 yoke1581 bustle1585 bandy1594 tilt1595 combat1597 to go (also shake, try, wrestle) a fall1597 mutiny1597 militate1598 combatizec1600 scuffle1601 to run (or ride) a-tilt1608 wage1608 contesta1618 stickle1625 conflict1628 stickle1647 dispute1656 fence1665 contrast1672 scramble1696 to battle it1715 rug1832 grabble1835 buffet1839 tussle1862 pickeer1892 passage1895 tangle1928 a1425 (?c1375) N. Homily Legendary (Harl.) in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 7 Þan turmenturs..Went to him als þai war wode; Þai rugget at him with ful grete bir. a1475 (a1450) Tournam. of Tottenham (Harl.) (1930) l. 199 (MED) Þus þay tugged and rugged tyl yt was nere nyȝt. a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) iii. l. 472 Abowt twa pillaris..He kest his armys hastely, And ruggit at þaim doggitly. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vi. ix. 140 Ane hydduus grype with bustuus bowland beyk..sparis nocht to rug, ryfe,and gnaw. 1559 D. Lindsay Test. Papyngo l. 1148 in Wks. (1931) I The Rauin began rudely to ruge and ryue. a1585 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart (Tullibardine) in Poems (2000) I. 145 The wirdsisteris..Saw revinis ruge at þis rat. 1644 in J. I. Smith Sel. Justiciary Cases (1974) III. 642 Yow the said Agnes Fynnie with yor dochter..bothe sitting one his bedsyde fearcelie ruging at his breist. a1665 W. Guthrie Heads of Serm. preached at Finnick (1680) ii. i. 44 Hells terror shall seize upon him,..the worm of an ill conscience rugging at his heart, and intrals of him, like a canker-worm drawing at his leaver. 1722 A. Ramsay Tale Three Bonnets iii. 20 Jouk three Times rugged at his [brother's] Shouder. 1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1871) II. 129 Hunger rugg'd at Watty's breast. 1832 Chambers' Edinb. Jrnl. 18 Aug. 225/1 The gilly,..who comes into the town,..rugging and riving for a place in some writer's office. 1872 C. Gibbon For King xvii You'll wring my arm out o' the socket if you keep rugging at it that way. 1880 W. T. Dennison Orcadian Sketch-bk. 40 They lifted an they pu'd, they rugged an dey rave. 1901 R. Anderson Hist. Kilsyth xiii. 111 That night the razor was bad. It rugged and he had to stop. 1951 R. Rendall Orkney Variants 24 Their lowan e'en are taakan tent O'chiels like Mansie o' the Bu Whose days upon the land are spent Ruggan wi' Taurus and the Pleugh. 1964 Southern Reporter 26 Mar. 9 Auld Scotland rugs at our hearts. 2002 S. Blackhall Fower Quarters i. 17 There's the derk an mirkie tunes, anes tae rugg at the hairt-strings. †3. intransitive. to rug and reave: to commit robbery, to plunder and pillage. Cf. to rug and rive at sense 2. Also transitive: to attack, assault (a person). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > commit depredation [verb (intransitive)] reaveOE preyc1325 pillc1390 spoilc1400 spreathc1425 rive1489 poinda1500 to rug and reavea1500 to pill and poll1528 pilfer1548 fleece1575 plunder1642 spulyie1835 a1500 Anc. Sc. Prophecy in J. R. Lumby Bernadus de Cura (1870) 20 Then sall vakne vp a were,..When the bernys of the rawme ruggis & revys..And the pure pepill salbe spoyled full nere. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ix. x. 53 Best likis ws all tyme to rug and reyf, To drive away the spreith, and tharon leyf. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 323 Thay began to rug and reiue, stryk and stick ilk vther. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † rugv.² Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Compare rugnet n., and see discussion at that entry. Perhaps compare earlier rug v.¹, although this shows a different geographical distribution. Obsolete. rare. intransitive. To fish with a rugnet. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [verb (intransitive)] > fish with net > with other nets fleet1630 rug1630 drive1635 pouse1689 scringe1793 splash1855 1630 in R. Griffiths Descr. Thames (1758) 65 No Fisherman or other shall be suffered to rug for Flounders..between London Bridge..and Westminster. 1630 in R. Binnell Descr. Thames (1758) 79 That no Peter-man do rug from London Bridge to Blackwall. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online September 2018). rugv.³ Brit. /rʌɡ/, U.S. /rəɡ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rug n.³ Etymology: < rug n.³ 1. transitive. To provide or cover with a rug; spec. to place a rug on (a horse). Also with up. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > with cloth or textile > specific mat1549 down1602 blanket1608 rug1818 quilt1840 towel1865 felt1883 tarpaulin1891 velvet1959 tarp1979 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [verb (transitive)] > cover with rug rug1818 1818 M. Edgeworth Let. 15 Oct. (1971) 126 He hopes to have the rooms carpetted and rugged by tuesday. 1898 Lancet 17 Sept. 744/2 I sat in the corridor by an open window, well rugged up, throughout the journey. 1936 F. Clune Roaming round Darling iii. 26 Many sharp turns and wattle-trees. The latter, droopy after being out all night, should be rugged up this weather. 1968 E. R. Buckler Ox Bells & Fireflies vi. 93 You rugged the oxen and took the double-bitted ax from its leather fastener. 1975 D. Francis High Stakes i. 18 He was a great horse..he would soon be rugged up nice and quiet in a stable. 2005 J. Myers Managing Horses on Small Properties ii. 29 There are pros and cons associated with rugging horses. 2. intransitive. colloquial (chiefly Australian). With up. To put on warm clothing. ΚΠ 1962 D. Forrest Hollow Woodheap vi. 37 ‘When you have a firm figure,’ she advised Miss Harrigan, ‘there's no need to rug up in winter.’ 1986 T. Keneally Family Madness xiv. 96 Even on still days in winter it was possible for us to rug up and go out with our three easels. 1992 Times 8 Aug. 1/5 Promptly at 9am it is time to rug up for the hill. Rugging up entails layer upon layer of very old tweeds and sweaters. 2008 Hobart Mercury (Nexis) 14 July 24 The Fifth Annual Chocolate Winterfest at Latrobe yesterday drew crowds happy to rug up against the wintry rain. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1500n.²c1540n.³1547n.⁴1653n.⁵1856adj.adv.1699v.¹a1325v.²1630v.³1818
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rugn.1

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rugn.3

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Derivatives

† rugn.4

Rugn.5

† rugadj.adv.

rugv.1

† rugv.2

rugv.3

rugn.¹

rugn.²

rugn.³

† rugn.⁴

Rugn.⁵

rugv.¹

† rugv.²

rugv.³