run-outadj.1
/rʌnˈaʊt/, U.S. /ˌrənˈaʊt/, New Zealand English /rʌnˈæut/ Agriculture. Now chiefly New Zealand.
No longer useful or worthwhile; spec. (of land) no longer fertile, exhausted through use (cf. to run out 12a at run v. Phrasal verbs 1); (of a crop) providing a poor yield.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > using up, expending, or consuming > [adjective] > using up completely > used up completely
spentc1440
spent1620
exhaust1621
exhausted1656
tired1766
run-out1795
used up1837
played-out1856
1795 J. Holt Gen. View Agric. Lancaster vii. 55 This was a poor run-out field.
1826 Amer. Farmer 12 May 60/1 Here my scheme for the improvement of run-out potatoes was for a moment frustrated.
1853 H. D. Thoreau Jrnl. 21 Mar. (2000) VI. 20 What shall I name those run-out pastures—those arid downs, where the rein-deer lichen fairly covers the whole surface?
1878 Trans. Dept. Agric. State Illinois 1876 14 144 The long, lank hog of the old, run-out breed has given place to the improved Poland China.
1912 Nature 22 Feb. 541 The system of management..consisted in ploughing up the run-out pasture land and planting maize.
1921 Res. Bull. (Univ. Nebraska Agric. Exper. Station) No. 24 49 The close proximity of the run-out stock did not seem to have an adverse influence upon the yield of tubers in 1921.
1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Feb. 165/2 Chou moellier can be grown from lea soil if the run-out grass paddock is shimmed very lightly in late autumn.
2002 Daily News (New Plymouth, N.Z.) (Nexis) 22 Aug. 18 The first thing to consider when re-grassing is, why am I doing this? Is it due to damage caused through pugging, past damage, a nutrient imbalance, or genuinely just a run out pasture?
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
run-outadj.2n.
/ˈrʌnaʊt/, U.S. /ˈrənˌaʊt/ A. adj.2 (attributive).
1.
a. Founding. (a) Designating iron refined in a run-out furnace; (b) designating a furnace heated by coke and open at the top in which pig iron is further refined by melting it in a blast of air (chiefly in run-out fire, run-out furnace). Now historical.So called because when ready the molten iron is run out at the bottom.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [adjective] > separating or refining processes > of specific metals
run-out1812
Orford1895
overpoled1910
society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > [noun] > furnaces for melting or refining metals > for roasting or calcining ores > for iron ore
run-out furnace1812
Catalan forge1839
run-out fire1854
osmund furnace1864
sinter plant1938
1812 J. Cockshut Let. 23 Apr. in Jrnl. Soc. Arts (1855) 3 620/2 It is only in the puddling furnace that run out, or finers' metal, is of any advantage.
1813 Emporium Arts & Sci. Aug. 225 The first step..is to expose the iron in a furnace, called by some a refinery, but by others..a run-out furnace.
1842 Rep. Tariff of Duties (27th U.S. Congr. 2nd Sess. Senate Doc. No. 340) 21 Finers', or run-out iron, being iron in advance of pig iron, [shall be valued] at forty dollars per ton.
1854 F. Overman Manuf. Iron (ed. 3) viii. 303 The chief purpose of the run-out fire is the manufacture of a more uniform metal than is produced by the blast furnace.
1919 A. O. Backert ABC Iron & Steel (ed. 3) 97/1 The use of run-out metal made higher silicon iron available.
1996 R. B. Gordon Amer. Iron 1607–1900 v. 126 Finers who had access to coke could save charcoal by first burning silicon out of their pig in a refinery (also known as a run-out fire) before fining.
b. run-out table n. Engineering a flat surface for receiving rolled or extruded products as they emerge from a mill.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > rolling equipment > receiving area for rolled metal
hotbed1868
run-out table1903
1903 Papers & Trans. Connecticut Soc. Civil Engineers 1902–3 6 The runout table is..raising the shear end enough to permit the billets to drop directly upon the billet cars.
1973 J. G. Tweeddale Materials Technol. II. 99 A hot semicontinuous extrusion press..is placed horizontally so that the extruded product can be discharged straight on to a ‘run-out’ table and never has to carry its own weight in tension.
2000 V. B. Ginzburg & R. Ballas Flat Rolling Fund. 368 Oxide growth is slowed during water cooling on the runout table.
2. U.S. to take a run-out powder (colloquial): to leave; to flee, abscond; cf. powder n.1 Phrases 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)]
to come awayeOE
wendeOE
i-wite971
ashakec975
shakeOE
to go awayOE
witea1000
afareOE
agoOE
awayOE
dealc1000
goOE
awendOE
rimeOE
to go one's wayOE
flitc1175
depart?c1225
partc1230
to-partc1275
atwitea1325
withdrawa1325
to turn one's (also the) backc1330
lenda1350
begonec1370
remuea1375
removec1380
to long awaya1382
twinc1386
to pass one's wayc1390
trussc1390
to turn awaya1400
returnc1405
to be gonea1425
recede1450
roomc1450
to come offc1475
to take one's licence1475
issue1484
walka1500
to go adieua1522
pikea1529
avaunt1549
trudge1562
vade?1570
discoast1571
leave1593
wag1594
to go off1600
troop1600
hence1614
to set on one's foota1616
to pull up one's stumps1647
quit1811
to clear out1816
slope1830
to walk one's chalks1835
shove1844
to roll out1850
to pull out1855
to light out1859
to take a run-out powder1909
to push off (also along)1923
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > go away suddenly or hastily
fleec825
runOE
swervea1225
biwevec1275
skip1338
streekc1380
warpa1400
yerna1400
smoltc1400
stepc1460
to flee (one's) touch?1515
skirr1548
rubc1550
to make awaya1566
lope1575
scuddle1577
scoura1592
to take the start1600
to walk off1604
to break awaya1616
to make off1652
to fly off1667
scuttle1681
whew1684
scamper1687
whistle off1689
brush1699
to buy a brush1699
to take (its, etc.) wing1704
decamp1751
to take (a) French leave1751
morris1765
to rush off1794
to hop the twig1797
to run along1803
scoot1805
to take off1815
speela1818
to cut (also make, take) one's lucky1821
to make (take) tracks (for)1824
absquatulize1829
mosey1829
absquatulate1830
put1834
streak1834
vamoose1834
to put out1835
cut1836
stump it1841
scratch1843
scarper1846
to vamoose the ranch1847
hook1851
shoo1851
slide1859
to cut and run1861
get1861
skedaddle1862
bolt1864
cheese it1866
to do a bunkc1870
to wake snakes1872
bunk1877
nit1882
to pull one's freight1884
fooster1892
to get the (also to) hell out (of)1892
smoke1893
mooch1899
to fly the coop1901
skyhoot1901
shemozzle1902
to light a shuck1905
to beat it1906
pooter1907
to take a run-out powder1909
blow1912
to buzz off1914
to hop it1914
skate1915
beetle1919
scram1928
amscray1931
boogie1940
skidoo1949
bug1950
do a flit1952
to do a scarper1958
to hit, split or take the breeze1959
to do a runner1980
to be (also get, go) ghost1986
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > go away suddenly or hastily > secretly or abscond
to run awayOE
elope1596
to step aside1620
abscond1652
shirk1681
decamp1751
levant1797
absconce1823
skip1865
skin1871
to shoot the crow1887
sneak1896
to go through1933
to take a run-out powder1933
1909 San Francisco Chron. 4 Feb. 9/2 Senator Cockey O'Brien of Bernal Heights..made Senator McGluke take a run-out powder.
1933 D. Runyon in Collier's 28 Jan. 7/4 Well, The Sky says he sees no way of meeting these obligations and he is figuring the only thing he can do is to take a run-out powder.
2006 Unless Threat of Death is Behind Them 104 Ed decides to take a run-out powder for Honolulu.
3. British slang. Of or relating to the fraudulent practice of the ‘run-out’ (see sense B. 5).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > [adjective]
fakenOE
fraudulent1412
fraudfulc1475
impostorous?1549
imposterous1562
cavillinga1576
impostural1588
cogged1589
defraudfulc1592
imposturious?a1600
imposturizing1603
imposturous1608
impostured1619
circumventive1630
impostrate1632
imposterious1633
impostrous1635
charlatanical1663
quackish1670
charlatan1671
stellionated1672
shammisha1734
shim-sham1797
humbug1811
charlatanic1843
Peter Funk1845
charlatanish1846
jazzy1934
run-out1938
jivey1972
1938 F. D. Sharpe Sharpe of Flying Squad xxvii. 280 Run Out Shops have given me a good deal of work. Many of the methods of the Run Out Mob and their premises on which they hold their mock auctions of worthless junk range from small and cheap set-ups on the race-courses..to elaborate dens of swindle in the West End.
1939 J. B. Priestley Let People Sing x. 258 He told me his old partner, Charlie, had left him to join the run-out boys from Brum—that is, the gang from Birmingham running a fake auction—and, by the way, if anybody wants to see me lose my temper just let 'em talk as if I was on the run-out game.
1959 News Chron. 16 Nov. 5 The run-out men..are mock auctioneers who draw large crowds with their showman's patter... As well as in Petticoat Lane, they operate in many of the seaside towns during the summer.
4. run-out groove n. (on a gramophone record) the blank groove crossing the area between the label and the grooves carrying the recording; the area occupied by such a groove.
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society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > run-out
run-out groove1946
run-out1962
1946 Pop. Sci. Monthly Dec. 193/1 The run-out groove has not been carried far enough over the disk.
1975 Gramophone May 2048/3 A new TD 145 turntable..has an automatic lift and shut-off device relying on electronic sensing of the run-out groove.
2006 D. Spiotta Eat the Document 73 Did it have a cryptic message carved in the run-out groove?
B. n.
1. Cricket and (rare) Baseball. An instance of a batter being run out. Cf. to run out 14a at run v. Phrasal verbs 1.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > dismissal of batsman > [noun] > manner of dismissal
hit-wicket1773
stumping1844
run-out1851
stump-out1859
catch and bowl1868
obstructing the field (also the ball)1868
1851 Bell's Life in London 21 Sept. 6/5 (heading) Who..has not, in reading the account of a great match, felt with disappointment the meagreness of the information conveyed by eight or nine ‘run outs’, as in the late match at Kennington Oval of North v South.
1867 G. H. Selkirk Guide to Cricket Ground vii. 122 Never run past the wicket, unless to save a run out, when you cannot stop yourself.
1877 Constit. Nat. League Baseball 40 An assist should be given to each player who handles the ball in a run-out or other play of this kind.
1910 N.Y. Times 28 Feb. 7/2 A player will get an assist when he handles the ball in aiding in a run-out.
1930 Morning Post 16 July 11/6 Only once..during their many long partnerships has a run-out been recorded.
1976 Milton Keynes Express 2 July 41/6 If it had not been for three run-outs they might have got nearer their mammoth target.
2002 G. Armstrong Legends of Cricket 195 There was a run out, and the Australians got home by three runs.
2. Founding.† a. A run-out furnace (see sense A. 1a(b)). Obsolete. rare.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > [noun] > types of furnace by method of operation
lamp-furnace1651
wind-furnace1651
reverbatory1656
blast furnace1706
revolver1879
run-out1881
flame-furnace1888
producer1890
resistance furnace1897
induction furnace1907
suction plant1909
high-frequency induction furnace1918
solar furnace1924
roller hearth furnace1927
1881 Appletons' Cycl. Appl. Mech. II. 181 In the South Wales process, the apparatus consists of a ‘melting finery’, commonly termed a ‘refinery’ or ‘run-out’,..and two charcoal fineries.
b. Leakage of molten metal from joints in a furnace, mould, crucible, etc.; a casting defect resulting from this.
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society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > founding or casting > leakage of molten metal from mould
run-out1882
1882 T. D. West Amer. Foundry Pract. 46 The joint all around the flask can be rammed so as to prevent any run-outs.
1928 Proc. Inst. Brit. Foundrymen 20 366 In Fig. 1—an ordinary scullery copper—it is quite obvious that if there be a runout there is little chance of saving the casting.
1960 R. Lister Decorative Cast Ironwork ii. 56 Possible defects in castings are manifold, and may be in the form of blow holes, unfused chaplets, wrong grain-structure, fractures, distortions, runouts, [etc.].
2002 B. G. Thomas in K.-O. Yu Modeling Casting & Solidification Processing xv. 553 Many defects such as run-out and cracking occurred.
3. Mountaineering. The length of rope required to climb a single pitch; a pitch (pitch n.2 28) climbed by means of a single length of rope. Also in later use: the distance climbed past one's last running belay.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > mountaineering or climbing > [noun] > artificial aid > types of
runner1688
runner ring1791
ice axec1800
alpenstock1829
rope1838
climbing-iron1857
piolet1868
snap-link1875
prickera1890
middleman('s) knot (also loop, noose, etc.)1892
chock1894
glacier-rope1897
piton1898
run-out1901
belaying-pin1903
snap-ring1903
ironmongery1904
line1907
Tricouni1914
ice claw1920
peg1920
sling1920
ice piton1926
ice hammer1932
karabiner1932
rock piton1934
thread belay1935
mugger1941
running belay1941
piton hammer1943
sky-hook1951
etrier1955
pied d'éléphant1956
rope sling1957
piton runner1959
bong1960
krab1963
rurp1963
ice screw1965
nut1965
traverse line1965
jumar1966
knife-blade1968
tie-off1968
rock peg1971
whammer1971
Whillans whammer1971
Whillans harness1974
1901 Sc. Mountaineering Club Jrnl. 6 165 We had only a 60 foot rope..This in several places rather hampered the leader, who could have got much more comfortable stopping places with a little longer run out.
1920 G. W. Young Mountain Craft v. 220 A direct belaying-point which only leaves a short run-out.
1965 A. Blackshaw Mountaineering vii. 195 There are exceptions such as the routes on the Idwal Slabs in North Wales where many pitches involve run-outs of eighty feet or more.
1971 D. Haston in C. Bonington Annapurna South Face xvii. 206 It was a long and tortuous pitch done in one run-out on one of our big ropes.
1971 D. Haston in C. Bonington Annapurna South Face xvii. 214 My immediate prospect was a three hundred foot run-out to the top of the gully.
2009 M. Wagstaff & A. Attarian Techn. Skills Adventure Programming 694 Find a gradual slope with varying steepness and a flat run-out.
4. U.S. An act of running out, fleeing, or escaping. Cf. sense A. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > [noun] > flight or running away
flemeOE
flightc1175
fuge1436
fuite1499
fleec1560
fugacyc1600
tergiversationa1652
runaway1720
run1799
fugitation1823
skedaddling1863
skedaddle1870
lam1897
run-out1928
1928 Amer. Mercury May 80/1 The fair charmer has taken ‘a run-out with the bank roll’.
1943 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 23 Aug. 2/1 (heading) Kiska forces disappointed by run-out.
1952 F. Pohl & C. M. Kornbluth in Galaxy Sci. Fiction July 147/2 You crossed us up with that cowardly run-out.
1968 ‘E. Peters’ Grass Widow's Tale viii. 114 They came back for their money, just when she had everything planned for her run-out.
2000 S. King On Writing 17 Perhaps she was only chasing our father, who piled up all sorts of bills and then did a runout when I was two.
5. British slang. A fraudulent auction in which worthless goods are sold to genuine bidders.
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society > trade and finance > selling > a public sale > [noun] > auction > Dutch auction
mock auction1770
rig1825
Dutch auction1859
run-out1934
1934 P. Allingham Cheapjack vii. 72 The London Mob were working the R.O. This is short for the ‘Run Out’.
1987 Observer 15 May 9/7 It is a highly specialised confidence trick despised by most market traders and known in market slang as ‘the run-out’, possibly because the mock auctioneer or ‘top man’ and his accomplices the ‘floor men’ may need to make a quick getaway.
6. Engineering. Deviation of a wheel, drill, etc., from its proper course, esp. wobble of a wheel as it turns; the extent of such deviation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > change of direction of movement > [noun] > (a) deviation from straight course > deviation of tool or machinery from course
run-out1941
1941 Pop. Sci. Monthly Apr. 237/2 (advt.) Headstock spindle... Held to very strict run-out tolerances.
1946 W. H. Crouse Automotive Mech. xxiv. 512 Wobble or ‘run-out’ of the wheels can be checked by spinning the front wheels and holding a piece of chalk against the rim or side wall of the tire.
1975 G. Bram & C. Downs Manuf. Technol. vii. 194 An important point of design is to reduce end thrust, to prevent bowing and flexing, producing as a consequence hole run-out and short drill-life.
1997 Metalworking Production Jan. 34/3 The aim of workholding for turning is to clamp the work as near as possible to the spindle bearings to minimise run out.
2001 Tractor & Machinery Jan. 33/2 I checked the rim of the wheel for truth by slowly turning it on its taper, while watching it for wobble, or runout.
7. In skiing and snowboarding: a level stretch at the foot of a ski slope; = outrun n. 4.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skiing > [noun] > ski slope or run > specific part
fall line1938
run-out1943
bump1953
mogul1953
1943 Esquire Jan. 169/1 This type of turn works on a gentle hill or flat run-out, but is useless on steep slopes.
1956 Ski-ing (‘Know the Game’ Series) 13/2 These [nursery slopes] should be of average steepness at the top, have a gentle gradient in the middle and a long flat run out so that the ski will come to a stop naturally if the skier is unable to control them.
1974 Rules of Game 239/1 There must be a wide, gently sloping, and unobstructed run-out at the finish [of a ski-slope].
2005 D. Martin & M. Diehl No-fall Snowboarding 126 Make sure this area has a flat run-out at the bottom that will allow you to gradually come to a stop.
8. A short session of play or participation in a sporting fixture by a player, esp. after a period of absence due to injury. Also: a sporting fixture intended as a practice session.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > types of
all comersc1450
after-gamea1500
fore-game1594
revenge1616
plate1639
set-to1743
return match1753
bye1754
scrub-race1791
anybody's game (also race, match)1826
return1834
barney1843
bonspiel1858
handicap1861
pennant1865
home-and-home1868
benefit match1871
run-off1873
international1877
American tournament1878
Grand Prix1879
single1884
friendly1885
all-comers1889
pair1890
championship1893
round robin1894
replay1895
Olympiad1896
junior varsity1902
lightning tournament1903
rematch1903
road trip1903
pickup1905
freestyle1906
marathon1908
test1908
Derby1909
scrimmage1910
eliminator1911
twosome1911
triala1914
quadrangular1916
slug-fest1916
varsity match1921
needle contest1922
curtain jerker1923
needle match1923
open1926
needle fight1927
knock-out1928
shirt1930
masters1933
pro-amateur1934
tune-up1934
World Cup1934
pro-am1937
state1941
sizzler1942
runathon1943
mismatch1954
run-out1955
match-up1959
squeaker1961
triple-header1961
Super Bowl1967
invitational1968
needle game1970
major1976
slobberknocker1986
1955 Times 22 Sept. 4/2 Morgan had his first run out yesterday since he injured his ankle.
1979 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 12 May Fifty people braved the rain and wind..to watch Trevor Francis, Forest's $2-million signing from Birmingham City, have a 45-minute runout in new colors.
1999 H. Redknapp & D. McGovern 'Arry (new ed.) v. 72 He gave me a run-out on my first Monday there in the reserves to sharpen me up for a first-team appearance the following Saturday.
2006 Express (Nexis) 13 Nov. 59 There is one more runout, against Canada on Friday, before the big test arrives in the shape of New Zealand.
9. Short for run-out groove n. at sense A. 4.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > run-out
run-out groove1946
run-out1962
1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio viii. 150 If the surface noise on the run in and run out of the two records is not sufficient..a ‘blank’..record can be used to lend continuity of background.
1976 Gramophone Nov. 768/2 What puzzles me is that both these discs do in fact bear the re-make matrix numbers on both label and needle run-out.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.11795
adj.2n.1812- supernaturalise
- supernaturalised
- supernaturalises
- supernaturalising
- supernaturalism
- supernaturalisms
- supernaturalist
- supernaturalistic
- supernaturalists
- supernaturality
- supernaturalization
- supernaturalize
- supernaturalized
- supernaturalizes
- supernaturalizing
- supernaturally
- supernaturalness
- supernaturalnesses
- supernaturals
- supernature
- supernatures
- superneutralize
- supernity
- supernodical
- supernodity