† rugen.¹

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rūga.

Etymology: < classical Latin rūga ruga n. Compare Spanish ruga (1250), Italian ruga (a1342), and also (with loss of the medial -g-) Old Occitan rua (12th cent.).

Obsolete (rare after 15th cent.).

A wrinkle or fold.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > [noun] > wrinkled condition > wrinkle or crease

rimpleeOE

frouncec1374

runklea1400

wrinklea1420

ruge?a1425

crimple1440

wreathc1440

wrimple1499

rumple?a1513

scrumple?a1513

wimple1513

crease1578

bag1587

crinkle1596

pucker1598

press1601

crumple1607

creasing1665

ruck1774

cramp1828

fold1840

ruckle1853

bumfle1867

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 150 Be þe stone brouȝt..to þe necke of þe vesic atuyx þe towel & þe testiculez, And þan after þe incesse, i. goyng, of þe rugez, i. runclez, in þe place of þe lefte side..Be it kut with a Rasour vnto þe stone.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. 724 His necke in many a ruge Yfretted grete.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) xii. 569 Olyues that me fyndeth lying crispe, With rugis [L. rugis] drawe.

1791 A. Graham in Publ. Hudson's Bay Rec. Soc. (1969) 27 iv. 117 [The tusk of the unicorn fish] is quite straight, and has a double spiral ruge on its surface.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† rugen.²

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rugīre.

Etymology: < classical Latin rugīre to roar (see rut n.¹).

Obsolete. rare.

The sound of roaring.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by noises > voice or sound made by animal > [noun] > roar or bellow > roaring

roaringeOE

lowingOE

i-gredea1250

romyinga1425

bellingc1440

blaringc1440

ruge?a1513

bellowing1552

mugiency1658

a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Passioun in Poems (1998) I. 34 As lyounis with awfull ruge [a1586 rage] In yre thay harlit him heir and thair.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

rugev.

Brit.

/ruːdʒ/, U.S.

/rudʒ/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rūgāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin rūgāre (of clothes) to become creased, in post-classical Latin also to wrinkle (the forehead) (4th or 5th cent. in Jerome) < rūga ruga n. Compare earlier ruge n.¹ Eng. Dial. Dict. (at cited word) records the word as still in use in the Isle of Wight in 1903.

Now English regional (chiefly Somerset) and rare.

transitive. To wrinkle (in passive in quots. 1615 and 1681). Also intransitive: to be wrinkled, to hang in folds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > textures or states of skin > [verb (transitive)] > wrinkle

frounce1390

shrinka1398

rivel1543

irrugate1566

wrinkle1566

plough1590

wrinklec1590

furrow1597

purse1598

ruge1615

trench1624

lirkc1686

seam1695

line1819

wrink1821

engrain1862

1615 W. Goddard Neaste of Waspes 2 Vnto hir skynn rug'd is the smoothest Iett The softest downe to it is counterfett.

1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis i. v. iii. 115 On his Forehead and Chaps before, where his Skin is only ruged as you draw your Finger downward.

1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Ruge, to wrinkle.

1873 W. P. Williams & W. A. Jones Gloss. Somersetshire Ruge, to hang in folds, to wrinkle.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹?a1425

n.²?a1513

v.1615

单词	ruge
释义	† rugen.¹ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rūga. Etymology: < classical Latin rūga ruga n. Compare Spanish ruga (1250), Italian ruga (a1342), and also (with loss of the medial -g-) Old Occitan rua (12th cent.). Obsolete (rare after 15th cent.). A wrinkle or fold. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > corrugation > [noun] > wrinkled condition > wrinkle or crease rimpleeOE frouncec1374 runklea1400 wrinklea1420 ruge?a1425 crimple1440 wreathc1440 wrimple1499 rumple?a1513 scrumple?a1513 wimple1513 crease1578 bag1587 crinkle1596 pucker1598 press1601 crumple1607 creasing1665 ruck1774 cramp1828 fold1840 ruckle1853 bumfle1867 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 150 Be þe stone brouȝt..to þe necke of þe vesic atuyx þe towel & þe testiculez, And þan after þe incesse, i. goyng, of þe rugez, i. runclez, in þe place of þe lefte side..Be it kut with a Rasour vnto þe stone. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. 724 His necke in many a ruge Yfretted grete. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) xii. 569 Olyues that me fyndeth lying crispe, With rugis [L. rugis] drawe. 1791 A. Graham in Publ. Hudson's Bay Rec. Soc. (1969) 27 iv. 117 [The tusk of the unicorn fish] is quite straight, and has a double spiral ruge on its surface. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † rugen.² Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rugīre. Etymology: < classical Latin rugīre to roar (see rut n.¹). Obsolete. rare. The sound of roaring. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by noises > voice or sound made by animal > [noun] > roar or bellow > roaring roaringeOE lowingOE i-gredea1250 romyinga1425 bellingc1440 blaringc1440 ruge?a1513 bellowing1552 mugiency1658 a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Passioun in Poems (1998) I. 34 As lyounis with awfull ruge [a1586 rage] In yre thay harlit him heir and thair. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2021). rugev. Brit. /ruːdʒ/, U.S. /rudʒ/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rūgāre. Etymology: < classical Latin rūgāre (of clothes) to become creased, in post-classical Latin also to wrinkle (the forehead) (4th or 5th cent. in Jerome) < rūga ruga n. Compare earlier ruge n.¹ Eng. Dial. Dict. (at cited word) records the word as still in use in the Isle of Wight in 1903. Now English regional (chiefly Somerset) and rare. transitive. To wrinkle (in passive in quots. 1615 and 1681). Also intransitive: to be wrinkled, to hang in folds. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > textures or states of skin > [verb (transitive)] > wrinkle frounce1390 shrinka1398 rivel1543 irrugate1566 wrinkle1566 plough1590 wrinklec1590 furrow1597 purse1598 ruge1615 trench1624 lirkc1686 seam1695 line1819 wrink1821 engrain1862 1615 W. Goddard Neaste of Waspes 2 Vnto hir skynn rug'd is the smoothest Iett The softest downe to it is counterfett. 1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis i. v. iii. 115 On his Forehead and Chaps before, where his Skin is only ruged as you draw your Finger downward. 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Ruge, to wrinkle. 1873 W. P. Williams & W. A. Jones Gloss. Somersetshire Ruge, to hang in folds, to wrinkle. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹?a1425n.²?a1513v.1615
随便看	unharbours unhard unharden unhardened unhardiness unhardle unhardy unharmed unharmful unharmfully unharming unharmonic unharmonious unharmoniously unharmonize unharmonized unharmonizing unharmony unharness unharnessed unharnesses unharnessing unharped unharried unharrowed

† rugen.1

† rugen.2

rugev.

† rugen.¹

† rugen.²