† rukeln.

Forms: late Middle English kokyll (transmission error), late Middle English rokyll, late Middle English rucul, late Middle English rukel, late Middle English rukkill, late Middle English rukul, late Middle English rulkull (transmission error).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Perhaps also partly a borrowing from French. Or perhaps also partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: Latin ērūca; French hurucle; Italian rucola.

Etymology: Ultimately < classical Latin ērūca rocket, caterpillar (see eruca n.; compare eruke n.), perhaps via Middle French (Lorraine) hurucle rocket (end of the 14th cent.) or Italian rucola rucola n. Compare -el suffix².

Obsolete.

1. The plant rocket, Eruca sativa; = rocket n.⁴ 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > leaf vegetables > rocket

white pepperc1300

rukel?c1400

rocket1530

garden rocket1548

rocket gentle1578

rucola1937

arugula1960

?c1400 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 110 [Eruca minor] kokyll [corrected to rokyll].

a1425 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 110 [Eruca minor] rulkull.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ii. l. 201 (MED) Putte in seedis yonge, Basilicon, radish, & rucul [L. erucae] stronge.

a1500 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 110 [Eruca minor] rukkill.

2. A destructive caterpillar; a cankerworm. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > larva > defined by parasitism or feeding > that destroys or eats plants

canker1440

rukel?1440

cankerworm1530

canker-blossom1600

whirl-worm1643

whirl1658

bud-worm1850

stem borer1921

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. l. 859 (MED) He seith as to kille The rukul and fele other thyngis ille, A menstruate, vngird womman, vnshood, Vntressed, al aboute to goon is good.

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. l. 854 Thy seed with Iuce of..syngrene To wete vp sleeth the rukel.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	rukel
释义	† rukeln. Forms: late Middle English kokyll (transmission error), late Middle English rokyll, late Middle English rucul, late Middle English rukel, late Middle English rukkill, late Middle English rukul, late Middle English rulkull (transmission error). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Perhaps also partly a borrowing from French. Or perhaps also partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: Latin ērūca; French hurucle; Italian rucola. Etymology: Ultimately < classical Latin ērūca rocket, caterpillar (see eruca n.; compare eruke n.), perhaps via Middle French (Lorraine) hurucle rocket (end of the 14th cent.) or Italian rucola rucola n. Compare -el suffix². Obsolete. 1. The plant rocket, Eruca sativa; = rocket n.⁴ 1. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > leaf vegetables > rocket white pepperc1300 rukel?c1400 rocket1530 garden rocket1548 rocket gentle1578 rucola1937 arugula1960 ?c1400 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 110 [Eruca minor] kokyll [corrected to rokyll]. a1425 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 110 [Eruca minor] rulkull. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ii. l. 201 (MED) Putte in seedis yonge, Basilicon, radish, & rucul [L. erucae] stronge. a1500 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 110 [Eruca minor] rukkill. 2. A destructive caterpillar; a cankerworm. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > larva > defined by parasitism or feeding > that destroys or eats plants canker1440 rukel?1440 cankerworm1530 canker-blossom1600 whirl-worm1643 whirl1658 bud-worm1850 stem borer1921 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. l. 859 (MED) He seith as to kille The rukul and fele other thyngis ille, A menstruate, vngird womman, vnshood, Vntressed, al aboute to goon is good. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. l. 854 Thy seed with Iuce of..syngrene To wete vp sleeth the rukel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.?c1400
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