salineadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈseɪlʌɪn/,

/ˈseɪliːn/,

/səˈlʌɪn/, U.S.

/ˈseɪˌlin/

Etymology: < Latin *salīnus, < sal salt: see -ine suffix¹. Compare French salin, feminine -ine (17th cent.), Spanish salino, Portuguese salino, Italian salino.

A. adj.

a. † Composed of salt (obsolete); of the nature of salt; having salt as a preponderating constituent.

ΚΠ

c1450 Mirour Saluacioun 3377 Loths wif loking bakwards was turnyd til a stone Salyne.

1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall xxii. 167 Some saline Corpuscles dispers'd through the Air.

1693 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. I. iv. 136 Lot's Wife turn'd into a Saline Pillar.

?1734 P. Shaw Chem. Lect. iv. sig. F2 Under the general Head of Saline Earths may be reckoned all those that are calcined or burnt in the Fire.

1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 364 The water would gain admission to the saline strata.

1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. i. 21 The saline contents of sea-water.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 124 The river contains less saline matter.

b. Of natural waters, springs, lakes, etc.: Impregnated with salt or salts.

ΚΠ

1789 in J. M. Brown Polit. Beginnings Kentucky (1889) 255 Kentucky in general appears to be a limestone soil..abounding in..saline springs, which by simple evaporation plentifully supply the country with salt.

1805 W. Saunders Treat. Mineral Waters (ed. 2) 230 A valuable property which this water possesses in common with the other bitter saline waters.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlix. 499 Brackish waters and saline marshes.

1840 in Trans. Michigan State Agric. Soc. (1855) VI. 289 Several saline springs and deer-licks were examined in the valley and vicinity of Maskego river.

1862 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire VII. liii. 240 (note) 2 Mehadia, long celebrated for its saline baths.

1872 H. I. Jenkinson Guide Eng. Lake District 242 Medicinal springs, saline and sulphurous.

c. loosely used for salt adj.¹ 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [adjective] > preserved with salt

salt909

powdered1389

salteda1400

corned1621

marinated1658

well-corned?1746

saline1812

kerned1847

in salt1853

1812 G. Crabbe Tales vii. 128 With bacon, mass saline, where never lean Beneath the brown and bristly rind was seen.

2. Like that of salt; like salt; salty.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > additive > salt > [adjective]

saltish1477

salted1526

saline1651

salsamentarious1656

muriatic1675

1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋144 The acid saline vitriolated qualities of wine, vineger or juice of Limons.

1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 270 By this saline Quality, the Juices of Shell-Fish..are diuretick.

1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (new ed.) I. 33 The fountain at Selinus in Sicily was of bitter saline taste.

1857 E. L. Birkett Bird's Urinary Deposits (ed. 5) 78 The..saline taste of nitre.

1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants viii. 178 The solution was sufficiently strong to taste saline.

3. Of or pertaining to chemical salts; of the nature of a salt.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [adjective] > of the nature of

salty1605

saline1771

1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 70/1 The chemists have not yet been able to produce a saline substance by combining earth and water together.

1789 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. 167 There is reason to believe that many of these supposable saline combinations [viz. neutral salts] are not capable of being formed.

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1085 A few have rashly offered to cut the knot, by excluding from the saline family, chloride of sodium, the patriarch of the whole.

1844 G. Fownes Man. Elem. Chem. 221 The great resemblance in properties between the two classes of saline compounds, the haloid and oxy-salts.

1881 A. W. Williamson in Nature No. 618. 414 When a constitution, similar to that attributed to salts, was imagined for other compounds not saline in their character.

a. Of medicines: Consisting of or based upon salts of the alkaline metals or magnesium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adjective] > purgative > mineral-based

saline1774

1774 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 3) App. 721 Saline Mixture. Dissolve a dram of the salt of tartar in four ounces of boiling water.

1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 32 The use of saline purgatives.

1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. i. 241 Saline effervescents may both relieve sickness and at the same time promote urine.

1887 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 26 Mar. 678/2 Saline aperients were..useful in children of full habit.

b. saline solution n. physiological saline (see physiological adj. 2b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > solution > [noun] > specific solutions

blue water1596

saline solution1833

Lugol's iodine1880

Tyrode1923

saline1926

1833 J. Forbes et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. II. 213/2 In extreme cases, or when the practitioner is not called in till the very last stage of fever, Dr. Stevens thinks life may be occasionally saved by injecting a saline solution into the veins. We have lately adopted this saline treatment in some cases of typhous fever.

1890 F. Taylor Man. Pract. Med. 105 The intravenous injection of saline solutions has appeared to do good in some cases of profound collapse.

1932 L. N. Katz in Practitioners Libr. Med. & Surg. I. xxv. 1170 Isotonic saline solution injected subcutaneously or intravenously is valuable.

1971 A. C. Guyton Basic Human Physiol. xx. 223/2 The arterial pressure remained normal until the animals were required to drink 0·9 per cent saline solution.

5. Of plants, †animals: Growing in or inhabiting salt plains or marshes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by habitat > [adjective] > aquatic > marine > found on salt marshes

salt marshc1682

saline1802

the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > found on salt marshes or near sea

seafaring1670

salt marsh1861

saline1866

1802 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. III. 119 Saline Frog. Rana Salsa... It is an inhabitant of salt marshes in some parts of Germany.

1866 Chambers's Encycl. VIII. 441/1 Saline Plants are those which require for their healthy and vigorous growth a considerable supply of chloride of sodium..and other salts.

B. n.

1. = salina n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > salt or soda lake

salinec1450

salt-pan1494

pan1573

salt-wich1610

salina1697

salt-pond1697

salt lake1763

natron lake1821

soda lake1839

bitter lake1843

shott1878

soda pan1976

the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] > salt-marsh

salt marshc1000

salinec1450

salt1621

salina1697

salt-pan1785

maremma1819

shott1878

pré salé1903

the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hollow or depression > [noun] > saline depression

salinec1450

pan1494

salt-pan1494

salt-wich1610

salina1697

salt-pond1697

playa1854

sabkha1878

shor1888

c1450 Godstow Reg. 669 One salyne that is called a salte pitte.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. i. xiv. 79 He biggit als In þe mouth of tyber þe ciete callit hostia, And mony Salynis war edifyt about þe samyn.

1589 M. Philips in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 568 We came to the North side of the riuer of Panuco, where the Spanyards haue certaine Salines.

1748 W. Brownrigg Art of making Common Salt 15 The learned Doctor Shaw hath given us the most accurate description of several of these salines in the kingdom of Algiers.

1808 T. Ashe Trav. Amer. 1806 III. 3 It [sc. Salt River] received its name from the number of salines on its banks which impregnate its waters.

1888 Harper's Mag. Apr. 739 Its highest ridges do not rise more than the height of a man above the salines on either side.

2. (See quots.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > potassium > [noun] > compounds > potash > before it is calcined

saline1850

1662 C. Merrett tr. A. Neri Art of Glass cxvii. 173 Saline of the Levant.

1674 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 4) Saline of the Levant, is a salt extracted from the froth of the Sea, coagulated through the extreme heat of the Countrey.

1850 J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. Saline,..potash before it is calcined.

1860 J. E. Worcester Dict. Eng. Lang. (citing Loudon) Saline, a dry saline, reddish substance, obtained from the ashes of potato leaves, etc.

1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. Salin, the residue obtained from the evaporation or calcination of vinasse.

a. A saline purge (see A. 4a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative > mineral-based

Rochelle salt1593

white magnesia1650

magnesia1755

magnesia alba1756

Seidlitz water1784

Seidlitz powder1815

Rochelle powder1820

saline1875

liquid paraffin1884

Eno1889

parolein1892

liver salt1895

liquid petrolatum1905

Kruschen salts1925

1875 B. Meadows Clin. Observ. 71 Acids and alkalies, quinine and colchicum, rhubarb and salines, all kinds of remedies were useless.

1883 Thomson & Steele Dict. Domestic Med. & Surg. (ed. 17) 520/1 Pyretic saline.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 656 Free purgation with salines will often, as in eczema, alleviate the itching.

b. Physiological saline (see physiological adj. 2b). Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > solution > [noun] > specific solutions

blue water1596

saline solution1833

Lugol's iodine1880

Tyrode1923

saline1926

1926 S. Wright Appl. Physiol. vi. 245 If saline is injected intravenously into a normal animal, a condition of hydræmic plethora results.

1951 L. E. H. Whitby & M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 5) vi. 73 The optimum salt concentration is usually near the range of isotonicity to body cells; markedly hypertonic saline diminishes the reaction.

1952 E. F. Davies Illyrian Venture ix. 160 Saline injections followed, bottles hung above me, needles feeding into my arm.

1956 A. C. Guyton Textbk. Med. Physiol. xxvi. 304/2 If the sodium chloride solution is isotonic with the body fluids (that is, the injected saline has exactly the same crystalloidal osmotic activity as do both the extracellular and intracellular fluids), it does not increase or decrease the crystalloidal osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid.

1971 Nature 11 June 344/2 Cholera can be treated by killing the bacteria with antibiotics such as tetracycline and replacing the body fluid lost through diarrhoea with saline.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	saline
释义	salineadj.n. Brit. /ˈseɪlʌɪn/, /ˈseɪliːn/, /səˈlʌɪn/, U.S. /ˈseɪˌlin/ Etymology: < Latin salīnus, < sal* salt: see -ine suffix¹. Compare French salin, feminine -ine (17th cent.), Spanish salino, Portuguese salino, Italian salino. A. adj. 1. a. † Composed of salt (obsolete); of the nature of salt; having salt as a preponderating constituent. ΚΠ c1450 Mirour Saluacioun 3377 Loths wif loking bakwards was turnyd til a stone Salyne. 1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall xxii. 167 Some saline Corpuscles dispers'd through the Air. 1693 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. I. iv. 136 Lot's Wife turn'd into a Saline Pillar. ?1734 P. Shaw Chem. Lect. iv. sig. F2 Under the general Head of Saline Earths may be reckoned all those that are calcined or burnt in the Fire. 1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 364 The water would gain admission to the saline strata. 1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. i. 21 The saline contents of sea-water. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 124 The river contains less saline matter. b. Of natural waters, springs, lakes, etc.: Impregnated with salt or salts. ΚΠ 1789 in J. M. Brown Polit. Beginnings Kentucky (1889) 255 Kentucky in general appears to be a limestone soil..abounding in..saline springs, which by simple evaporation plentifully supply the country with salt. 1805 W. Saunders Treat. Mineral Waters (ed. 2) 230 A valuable property which this water possesses in common with the other bitter saline waters. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlix. 499 Brackish waters and saline marshes. 1840 in Trans. Michigan State Agric. Soc. (1855) VI. 289 Several saline springs and deer-licks were examined in the valley and vicinity of Maskego river. 1862 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire VII. liii. 240 (note) 2 Mehadia, long celebrated for its saline baths. 1872 H. I. Jenkinson Guide Eng. Lake District 242 Medicinal springs, saline and sulphurous. c. loosely used for salt adj.¹ 2. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [adjective] > preserved with salt salt909 powdered1389 salteda1400 corned1621 marinated1658 well-corned?1746 saline1812 kerned1847 in salt1853 1812 G. Crabbe Tales vii. 128 With bacon, mass saline, where never lean Beneath the brown and bristly rind was seen. 2. Like that of salt; like salt; salty. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > salt > [adjective] saltish1477 salted1526 saline1651 salsamentarious1656 muriatic1675 1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋144 The acid saline vitriolated qualities of wine, vineger or juice of Limons. 1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 270 By this saline Quality, the Juices of Shell-Fish..are diuretick. 1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (new ed.) I. 33 The fountain at Selinus in Sicily was of bitter saline taste. 1857 E. L. Birkett Bird's Urinary Deposits (ed. 5) 78 The..saline taste of nitre. 1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants viii. 178 The solution was sufficiently strong to taste saline. 3. Of or pertaining to chemical salts; of the nature of a salt. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [adjective] > of the nature of salty1605 saline1771 1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 70/1 The chemists have not yet been able to produce a saline substance by combining earth and water together. 1789 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. 167 There is reason to believe that many of these supposable saline combinations [viz. neutral salts] are not capable of being formed. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1085 A few have rashly offered to cut the knot, by excluding from the saline family, chloride of sodium, the patriarch of the whole. 1844 G. Fownes Man. Elem. Chem. 221 The great resemblance in properties between the two classes of saline compounds, the haloid and oxy-salts. 1881 A. W. Williamson in Nature No. 618. 414 When a constitution, similar to that attributed to salts, was imagined for other compounds not saline in their character. 4. a. Of medicines: Consisting of or based upon salts of the alkaline metals or magnesium. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adjective] > purgative > mineral-based saline1774 1774 W. Buchan Domest. Med. (ed. 3) App. 721 Saline Mixture. Dissolve a dram of the salt of tartar in four ounces of boiling water. 1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 32 The use of saline purgatives. 1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. i. 241 Saline effervescents may both relieve sickness and at the same time promote urine. 1887 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 26 Mar. 678/2 Saline aperients were..useful in children of full habit. b. saline solution n. physiological saline (see physiological adj. 2b). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > solution > [noun] > specific solutions blue water1596 saline solution1833 Lugol's iodine1880 Tyrode1923 saline1926 1833 J. Forbes et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. II. 213/2 In extreme cases, or when the practitioner is not called in till the very last stage of fever, Dr. Stevens thinks life may be occasionally saved by injecting a saline solution into the veins. We have lately adopted this saline treatment in some cases of typhous fever. 1890 F. Taylor Man. Pract. Med. 105 The intravenous injection of saline solutions has appeared to do good in some cases of profound collapse. 1932 L. N. Katz in Practitioners Libr. Med. & Surg. I. xxv. 1170 Isotonic saline solution injected subcutaneously or intravenously is valuable. 1971 A. C. Guyton Basic Human Physiol. xx. 223/2 The arterial pressure remained normal until the animals were required to drink 0·9 per cent saline solution. 5. Of plants, †animals: Growing in or inhabiting salt plains or marshes. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by habitat > [adjective] > aquatic > marine > found on salt marshes salt marshc1682 saline1802 the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > found on salt marshes or near sea seafaring1670 salt marsh1861 saline1866 1802 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. III. 119 Saline Frog. Rana Salsa... It is an inhabitant of salt marshes in some parts of Germany. 1866 Chambers's Encycl. VIII. 441/1 Saline Plants are those which require for their healthy and vigorous growth a considerable supply of chloride of sodium..and other salts. B. n. 1. = salina n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > salt or soda lake salinec1450 salt-pan1494 pan1573 salt-wich1610 salina1697 salt-pond1697 salt lake1763 natron lake1821 soda lake1839 bitter lake1843 shott1878 soda pan1976 the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] > salt-marsh salt marshc1000 salinec1450 salt1621 salina1697 salt-pan1785 maremma1819 shott1878 pré salé1903 the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hollow or depression > [noun] > saline depression salinec1450 pan1494 salt-pan1494 salt-wich1610 salina1697 salt-pond1697 playa1854 sabkha1878 shor1888 c1450 Godstow Reg. 669 One salyne that is called a salte pitte. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. i. xiv. 79 He biggit als In þe mouth of tyber þe ciete callit hostia, And mony Salynis war edifyt about þe samyn. 1589 M. Philips in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 568 We came to the North side of the riuer of Panuco, where the Spanyards haue certaine Salines. 1748 W. Brownrigg Art of making Common Salt 15 The learned Doctor Shaw hath given us the most accurate description of several of these salines in the kingdom of Algiers. 1808 T. Ashe Trav. Amer. 1806 III. 3 It [sc. Salt River] received its name from the number of salines on its banks which impregnate its waters. 1888 Harper's Mag. Apr. 739 Its highest ridges do not rise more than the height of a man above the salines on either side. 2. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > potassium > [noun] > compounds > potash > before it is calcined saline1850 1662 C. Merrett tr. A. Neri Art of Glass cxvii. 173 Saline of the Levant. 1674 T. Blount Glossographia (ed. 4) Saline of the Levant, is a salt extracted from the froth of the Sea, coagulated through the extreme heat of the Countrey. 1850 J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. Saline,..potash before it is calcined. 1860 J. E. Worcester Dict. Eng. Lang. (citing Loudon) Saline, a dry saline, reddish substance, obtained from the ashes of potato leaves, etc. 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. Salin, the residue obtained from the evaporation or calcination of vinasse. 3. a. A saline purge (see A. 4a). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative > mineral-based Rochelle salt1593 white magnesia1650 magnesia1755 magnesia alba1756 Seidlitz water1784 Seidlitz powder1815 Rochelle powder1820 saline1875 liquid paraffin1884 Eno1889 parolein1892 liver salt1895 liquid petrolatum1905 Kruschen salts1925 1875 B. Meadows Clin. Observ. 71 Acids and alkalies, quinine and colchicum, rhubarb and salines, all kinds of remedies were useless. 1883 Thomson & Steele Dict. Domestic Med. & Surg. (ed. 17) 520/1 Pyretic saline. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 656 Free purgation with salines will often, as in eczema, alleviate the itching. b. Physiological saline (see physiological adj. 2b). Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > solution > [noun] > specific solutions blue water1596 saline solution1833 Lugol's iodine1880 Tyrode1923 saline1926 1926 S. Wright Appl. Physiol. vi. 245 If saline is injected intravenously into a normal animal, a condition of hydræmic plethora results. 1951 L. E. H. Whitby & M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 5) vi. 73 The optimum salt concentration is usually near the range of isotonicity to body cells; markedly hypertonic saline diminishes the reaction. 1952 E. F. Davies Illyrian Venture ix. 160 Saline injections followed, bottles hung above me, needles feeding into my arm. 1956 A. C. Guyton Textbk. Med. Physiol. xxvi. 304/2 If the sodium chloride solution is isotonic with the body fluids (that is, the injected saline has exactly the same crystalloidal osmotic activity as do both the extracellular and intracellular fluids), it does not increase or decrease the crystalloidal osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid. 1971 Nature 11 June 344/2 Cholera can be treated by killing the bacteria with antibiotics such as tetracycline and replacing the body fluid lost through diarrhoea with saline. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.c1450
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