rusticaladj.n.

Brit.

/ˈrʌstᵻkl/, U.S.

/ˈrəstᵻk(ə)l/

Forms: late Middle English rustycal, late Middle English–1500s rusticalle, 1500s– rustical, 1500s rustycall, 1500s–1600s 1800s rusticall.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rusticalis.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin rusticalis rural, rustic (11th cent.; c1362, 15th cent. in British sources), of or relating to a serf or villein (14th cent. in British and continental sources) < classical Latin rusticus rustic adj. + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare Middle French rustical (c1508). Compare earlier rustic adj.

A. adj.

1. Of a person: living in the countryside; = rustic adj. 2. Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting a type of place > [adjective] > inhabiting the country

upland14..

ruralc1425

rustical?a1475

ruric1488

upalands1535

uplands1570

rustic1582

rusticated1757

the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [adjective] > peasant or rustic

churlisha1000

upland14..

rustical?a1475

ruric1488

rusticate?a1505

rural1513

upalands1535

clownish1570

rustic1582

clownical1614

clown-likea1640

swainish1642

nut-brown1648

countrified1653

Corydonical1656

sylvatic1661

villatic1671

farmerly1689

peasant1702

soil-bound1814

farmerish1835

farmery1862

corn-pone1919

swede-bashing1936

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 345 (MED) He tauȝhte rude peple to edifye, to tylle feldes, and to sette vynes..wherefore he was trowede to haue bene a godde of the rusticalle [a1387 Trev. vplondische; L. rustica] peple.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxi. sig. fij^v The Lacedemones somtyme purposely caused their rusticall seruauntes to be made very dronke.

1577 T. Vautrollier tr. M. Luther Comm. Epist. to Galathians (new ed.) f. 170 Stirring vp the rusticall people to sedition.

1606 J. Carpenter Schelomonocham xxiv. f. 97 The ordinary matters..much ruminated among the very rusticall and Countrey people.

1649 F. Roberts Clavis Bibliorum (ed. 2) 549 God purposely raised up Amos of Judah, and a poor rusticall Herdman of Tekoa.

1714 J. Gay Shepherd's Week Proeme sig. A3^v The manners also meetly copied from the rustical folk therein.

1761 New & Gen. Biogr. Dict. V. 353 The death of two rustical lovers, unfortunately killed in the neighbouring fields by a stroke of lightning.

1821 Ld. Byron in Lett. & Jrnls. (1830) II. 327 The rustical founders are rather anxious to disclaim any connexion with their metropolitan followers.

1881 H. C. Lodge Short Hist. Eng. Colonies in Amer. (rev. ed.) xv. 273 A ‘rustical people’ they [sc. the Quakers] certainly were, for nearly the whole community was absorbed in farming.

1917 J. H. Holmes Life & Lett. R. Collyer I. iv. 85 They were rustical men who made their own living as artisans or small farmers.

2. Of a thing: characteristic of the countryside or country life; of a type or style appropriate to the country; esp. plain, simple; crude.With quot. 1665 cf. rustic adj. 3a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [adjective] > homely or rustic

homelya1387

uplandisha1387

hamald?a1400

rustical1483

agrestc1550

fustianc1550

homespun1590

russet1598

agrestic1617

raplocha1628

Adamitic1656

russet-coated1683

rustic1738

turnipy1792

countrified1875

corny1932

bakya1960

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. ccccxxviij/2 His breed was rustycal broun made of barleye or ootes.

1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca sig. G.vi Thanne goeth he to a church of our lady there by, where after that he hath harde masse, he putteth of the rusticall apparayle, and putteth on other apparayle of honour.

1610 A. Willet Hexapla in Danielem 96 Such rusticall oaten pipes.

1665 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng Restored 89 They [sc. the Romans] wrought only the Imposts of the Arches, Capitals, and Cornices, and left the rest rude or rustical.

1784 New & Gen. Biogr. Dict. (new ed.) VII. 459 His apparel, which was formerly gay, was then very rustical, little better than that of a day-labourer.

1864 C. Rossetti Poems (1904) 365/2 [She] sang a country ditty.., Pathetically rustical, Too pointless for the city.

1871 M. Collins Marquis & Merchant III. xiii. 301 A jolly rough honeymoon,..with everything simple and rustical.

1901 W. Besant Lady of Lynn xix. 203 It is a good name for you. Molly. There is something simple about it—something rustical, yet not uncouth, like Blousabella.

2001 M. Maurus Crete (Nelles Travel Pack) 66/2 I Lefkes, at the church square,..taverna with rustical cuisine, large portions.

a. Of speech, writing, behaviour, etc.: characteristic or typical of country people; esp. (depreciative) unrefined, vulgar; = rustic adj. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > peasant or rustic > [adjective]

churlisha1000

ruric1488

rural1513

rusticalc1525

peasant1550

peasantly1569

clownish1570

rustic1576

shepherdly1579

russet1598

clownical1614

clown-likea1640

nut-brown1648

countrified1653

high-shoon1654

Corydonical1656

high-shod1656

sylvatic1661

villatic1671

russet-coated1683

one-gallus1881

one-gallused1887

red-necked1896

rube1898

takhaar1899

backwoodsya1910

swede-bashing1936

backwoodish1946

c1525 T. Alsoppe Breuyate Fayre Custance Lenvoy Nothyng purueyed at all Of style Heroycall But full of speche rurall And verses rustycall.

?1527 T. Feylde Contraverse bytwene Louer & Jaye sig. C.iv Go lytell boke with rudenes replete..Praye them to correcte thy paynes rustycall.

1538 D. Lindsay Complaynte & Test. Popiniay sig. B.ii I intende without adulacyon In my barbarous rusticall indite Among others syr, somthynge for to write.

1542 T. Becon New Pollecye of Warre sig. G.iij Such blynde ignorancy, and rude Chaos of barbarous and rusticall manners reynge nowe in the world vniuersally.

1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Ded. Thinking them fittest for such rusticall rudenesse of shepheards,..for that theyr rough sounde would make his rymes more ragged and rustical.

a1607 T. Brightman Revelation of Revelation (1615) 790 Neither will we be inueigled any more with her rustical roundelayes.

1695 P. Motteux tr. F. Pidou de St. Olon Present State Morocco 37 Their native rustical Temper, and wilful Ignorance.

1789 tr. Marquis D'Argenson Essays xlvi. 413 These manners are so impolite, provincial, and rustical, that they are even banished from the genteel citizen's houses of Paris.

1850 L. Hunt Autobiogr. II. xi. 55 An extraordinary mixture..of rustical, mechanical tastes.., with the most exalted ideas of authority.

1874 M. Collins Transmigr. I. ix. 164 I..was awakened by sounds of rustical music.

1910 J. C. Snaith Fortune xxv. 260 They could not fail to detect the subtle and charming quality of the accent that lurked beneath his assumption of a rustical brogue.

1945 C. Bax Vintage Verse (1948) iv. 121 After the Restoration, nudity became improper, passion somewhat rustical, and flippancy was the only weal.

1993 Rev. Eng. Stud. 44 97 Spenser's choice of unfashionably archaic and rustical language allies him with a Protestant view of Chaucer and Langland as truth-tellers.

†b. Roughly approximate; unscientific, inexact. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > [adjective]

untruec1220

unrighta1393

amissa1398

unproperc1400

rudec1475

bada1522

haltinga1533

unjust1554

rustical1660

unaccurate1660

inaccurate1665

unprecise1742

unexact1758

imprecise1805

inexact1828

ungrammatical1843

bum1896

dot and carry one1900

seat-of-the-pants1935

1660 J. Harding tr. B. Valentine Triumphant Chariot Antimony 34 Although I have made use of Rusticall and Grosse Examples, yet are they of great concernment.

1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 108 Let us measure these things in a rusticall sense.

a. Of a person: boorish; unsophisticated; = rustic adj. 2a. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > cultural ignorance > [adjective]

rudea1382

roida1400

borel1513

rustical?1532

illiberal1535

waste?1541

rusticc1550

illiterate1556

ruggedc1565

profane1568

unskilful1572

raw?1573

clownish1581

home-born1589

rough-hewn1593

unpolished1594

artless1598

home-bred1602

unbevelled1602

incult1628

museless1644

uncultivated1646

incultivateda1657

uncultivate1659

incultivate1661

unpolite1674

uncult1675

repent1684

uncultivated1725

uncultured1777

unenlightened1792

cultureless1824

sloven1856

philistinic1869

undoctrined1869

Philistine1871

Philistinish1871

roughneck1906

lowbrow1907

low-level1916

no-brow1922

bohunk1957

bakya1960

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [adjective] > ill-mannered > unrefined

boistousc1300

untheweda1325

uplandisha1387

unaffiled1390

rudea1393

knavishc1405

peoplisha1425

clubbedc1440

blunt1477

lob?1507

robust1511

borel1513

carterly1519

clubbish1530

rough?1531

rustical?1532

incondite1539

agrestc1550

rusticc1550

brute1555

lobcocka1556

loutisha1556

carterlike1561

boorish1562

ruggedc1565

lobbish1567

loutlike1567

sowish1570

clownish1581

unrefined1582

impolished1583

homespun1590

transalpinea1592

swaddish1593

unpolished1594

untutored1595

swabberly1596

tartarous1602

porterly1603

lobcocked1606

lob-like1606

cluster-fisted1611

agrestic1617

inurbane1623

unelevated1627

incult1628

unbrushed1640

vulgar1643

unhewed1644

unsmooth1648

hirsute1658

loutardly1658

unhewn1659

roughsome?c1660

sordid1668

inhumanea1680

coarse1699

brutal1709

ramgunshoch1721

tramontane1740

uncouth1740

no-nationa1756

unurbane1760

turnipy1792

rudas1802

common1804

cubbish1819

clodhopping1828

vulgarian1833

cloddish1844

unkempt1846

bush1851

vulgarish1860

rodney1866

crude1876

ignorant1886

yobby1910

nekulturny1932

oikish1959

yobbish1966

ocker1972

down and dirty1977

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [adjective] > ill-mannered > unrefined > specifically of persons

uplandisha1387

rustyc1485

rustical?1532

gross?1533

rusticc1550

rough-hewn1591

unfashioned1606

unpolite1674

crude1722

uncouth1732

piggish1742

rough-spun1768

coarse-graineda1774

coarse-fibred1872

rough as guts1919

?1532 T. Paynell tr. Erasmus De Contemptu Mundi xi. sig. M.ij Very many worldly people of that rustical [L. agresti] and blounte sorte, haue taken suche a smacke in this swynishe fedynge, that nothinge saue their acornes can sauour vnto them.

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 167 Feloes of no fyne witte.., but alltogether grosse, clubbyshe, and rusticall.

1609 Bible (Douay) I. Gen. xxi. Annot. The spiritual neuer persecuteth the carnal: but spareth him as his rustical brother.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Oxf. 327 Whose inhabitants..were so rustical in their behaviour, that boarish and clownish people are said born at Hogs-Norton.

1706 tr. J. B. Morvan de Bellegarde Refl. upon Ridicule 38 Theodemus is..rustical and unpolite.

1755 E. F. Haywood Invisible Spy II. i. 11 There are some rustical clod-pated fellows who are capable, on the least encouragement from the press, to insult and throw dirt in our faces.

1820 W. Scott Monastery II. ii^*. 76 This rustical and mistaught juvenal.

1876 W. Besant & J. Rice Golden Butterfly I. vii. 135 Ladds thought..she must be some shy maiden from the country—a little ‘rustical’ perhaps.

1924 G. B. Shaw St. Joan Pref. p. vii She was too young and rustical and inexperienced to have any such arts.

1954 J. Huxley From Antique Land viii. 135 The bearded Arabs in their traditional clothes, the more rustical among them as openly delighted as children with his time-worn tricks.

b. Physically robust; = rustic adj. 2c. Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > [adjective] > of health: good > resistant to disease, etc.

strongeOE

stalworthc1175

starka1250

stiff1297

stalworthyc1300

vigorousc1330

stoura1350

lustyc1374

marrowya1382

sturdyc1386

crank1398

robust1490

vigorious1502

stalwart1508

hardy1548

robustious1548

of force1577

rustical1583

marrowed1612

rustic1620

robustic1652

solid1741

refractory1843

salted1864

resistant1876

saulteda1879

the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] > robust

strongeOE

hardOE

stalworthc1175

starka1250

stiff1297

steel to the (very) backa1300

stalworthyc1300

wightc1300

stable13..

valiant1303

stithc1325

toughc1330

wrast1338

stoura1350

sadc1384

wighty14..

derfc1440

substantialc1460

well-jointed1483

felon1487

robust1490

stalwart1508

stoutya1529

robustous?1531

rankc1540

hardy1548

robustious1548

stout1576

rustical1583

rustic1620

iron1638

robustic1652

swankinga1704

strapping1707

rugged1731

solid1741

vaudy1793

flaithulach1829

ironbark1833

swankie1838

tough as (old) boots or leather1843

skookum1847

hard (also tough, sharp) as nails1862

hard-assed1954

nails1974

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke v. xiii. 232 If the bodie be rusticall and hard by nature, it requireth verie vehement medicines: but if it be tender and soft, it requireth more gentle and milde medicines.

1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 76 They may in want of better meat, serue for Mariners, and rusticall bodies.

1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. vi. iii. 169 More tender and less able to resist the Frost..than the others which are more rustical and hardy.

1727 S. Switzer Pract. Kitchen Gardiner v. xlii. 221 All these legumes..are good rustical hardy plants, and may be sown in the open ground, without needing any other culture than being howed, weeded and earth'd, whilst they are young.

1922 tr. P. de B. de Brantôme Lives Fair & Gallant Ladies II. vii. i. 161 As a rule the best-looking and most dainty be not the most meet workers, but the most rustical and hardy.

5. Of or relating to the countryside or country life; rural; = rustic adj. 1a. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > country as opposed to town > [adjective]

fieldena1425

rustic?1440

citylessc1450

champestrea1492

rural?a1500

rustical1542

agrestc1550

predial1592

champestrial1612

agrestic1617

agrestical1623

agrested1650

upland1654

countrified1756

agrestian1812

country1827

mofussil1828

agrestial1840

landward1844

bucolic1846

out-country1939

land-bound1972

1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 142 These maner monstres the olde antiquitee beleued to bee the goddes of the forestes, of wildernesse, and of all rusticall places of housbandrie.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 34 In ald tymis pastoral and rustical ocupatione, vas of ane excellent reputatione.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 320 There is a kind of rusticall and wild Bee.

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iv. iv. 193 Such plaine and easie proverbs learned in his rusticall life.

1693 J. Dryden in tr. Persius Satires i. 18 (note) He makes a digression, to Romulus, the first King of Rome, who had a Rustical Education.

1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 121 Such as are capable of so rustical an Occupation.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 464 Maches or Masketts, are multiplied only by Seed,..they being a sort of little Sallet, which is termed wild or rustical.

1771 Monthly Rev. 44 App. 538 The uses to which the residuum may be applied, in rustical œconomy.

1857 A. Helps Friends in Council 1st Ser. II. ii. iv. 35 Let us leave rustics and rustical affairs for to-day.

1894 L. P. Johnson Art of T. Hardy iv. 139 I have a fellow feeling with Triptolemus Yellowley, whose taste was all for the rustical parts of Latin literature.

1907 Domest. Engin. 39 201/1 Billy is soon to throw off the yokes of a single career and settle down with his bride-to-be to a rustical life.

B. n.

A person who lives in the countryside (typically implying ignorance or lack of sophistication); a yokel; = rustic n. 1. Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > rustic or peasant

tillman940

churla1000

ploughman1223

bondmanc1250

bondc1275

ploughswain1296

countrymanc1300

boundec1320

Hobc1325

charla1400

landmana1400

Jack (John) Upland1402

carlc1405

bowerc1430

peasanta1450

rurala1475

agrest1480

bergier1480

carlleina1500

rustical?1532

ploughboy1544

boor1548

rusticc1550

kern1556

tillsman1561

clown1563

Jocka1568

Jock upalanda1568

John Uponlanda1568

russet coat1568

rustican1570

hind?1577

swain1579

Corydon1581

mountain man1587

Phillis1589

sylvan1589

russeting1597

Joan1598

stubble boy1598

paysan1609

carlota1616

swainling1615

raiyat1625

contadino1630

under-swaina1644

high shoe1647

boorinn1649

Bonhomme1660

high-shoon-man1664

countrywoman1679

villan1685

russet gown1694

ruralist1739

paysanne1748

bauer1799

bonderman1804

bodach1830

contadina1835

agrestian1837

peasantess1841

country jake1845

rufus1846

bonder1848

hayseed1851

bucolic1862

agricole1882

country jay1888

child (son, etc.) of the soil1891

hillbilly1900

palouser1903

kisan1935

woop woop1936

swede-basher1943

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > country dweller > [noun]

countrymanc1300

landmana1400

Jack (John) Upland1402

rurala1475

rustical?1532

rusticc1550

Jock upalanda1568

John Uponlanda1568

rustican1570

countrywoman1679

country cousin1692

ruralist1739

country mouse1750

backwoodsman1774

back-countryman1796

mountaineer1837

ruralite1841

mountain man1847

smock-frock1858

way back1890

woop woop1936

swamp Yankee1941

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > peasant or rustic > [noun]

churlc1275

Hobc1325

Hodgec1386

charla1400

carlc1405

peasanta1450

hoggler1465

agrest1480

hoggener1488

rustical?1532

boor1548

rusticc1550

kern1556

clown1563

Jocka1568

John Uponlanda1568

russet coat1568

rustican1570

hind?1577

Corydon1581

gaffer1589

gran1591

russeting1597

dunghill1608

hog rubber1611

carlota1616

high shoe1647

Bonhomme1660

high-shoon-man1664

cot1695

ruralist1739

Johnnya1774

Harry1796

bodach1830

bucolic1862

cafone1872

bogman1891

country bookie1904

desi1907

middle peasant1929

woodchuck1931

swede-basher1943

moegoe1953

shit-kicker1961

?1532 T. Paynell tr. Erasmus De Contemptu Mundi vii. sig. G.iij Whan the mynstrell dothe make a sygne to stynte, than if thou do nat kysse her, that thou leadyng by the hande dyddest daunce with, thou shalte be taken for a rustical [L. rusticus habeberis] or an vplandyshe vyllayne without any good maners or nurture.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. iv. f. 20^v The inhabitantes of these mountaynes, differ no lesse..then amonge vs, the rusticalles of the countrey from gentylmen of the courte.

?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 131 If thou doe not kiss hir..then thou shalt be taken for a rusticall.

1820 W. Scott Monastery II. v. 179 Let me pray you not to be wroth with this rustical.

1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth (1896) lv. 163 I to be rid of roaring rusticalls, and mindless jests,..drew on the table a great watery circle; whereat the rusticalls did look askant.

2009 R. Krueger Czech, German & Noble 37 Peasants residing on dominical land were not subject to the land tax, and therefore owed more obligations to their seignior than the rusticals.

Compounds

† Rustical war n. Obsolete historical = Rustic war n. at rustic adj. and n. Compounds 1; also in plural in same sense.

ΚΠ

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xciij^v Their preachers were a great occasion of the commotion & rusticall warre.

1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 329/2 An other [prescription for gunshot wounds] which in the Rusticalle warres hath oftentimes binne tryed.

1657 J. Tombes Anti-pædobaptism: 3rd Pt. lxxxvii. 754 The Emperour objected to the Protestants that their Preachers were a great occasion of the Rustical war, wherein an hundred thousand were slain.

Derivatives

rustiˈcality n. rare in 17th and 18th centuries rusticity, rusticness.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [noun] > homeliness or rusticity

churlhood1382

uplandishness1530

rusticity1531

rusticality1572

homeliness1576

rusticalnessa1603

rusticness1653

bucolicism1879

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour

villainyc1340

churlhood1382

rudenessc1405

boistousness1526

uplandishness1530

rusticity1531

coarseness1541

loutishnessa1556

grossness1563

boorishness1570

rusticality1572

clownishness1576

bouerie1577

roughness1581

clownery1589

swinishness1591

peasantryc1592

inurbanity1598

community1600

rusticalnessa1603

clownagea1637

wildness1639

vulgarness1642

unpolishedness1652

brutism1687

mismanners1697

unpoliteness1700

brutality1709

mechanicism1710

indelicacy1712

untameness1727

vulgarism1749

vulgaritya1774

shag1785

piggishness1796

cubbishness1828

sylvanity1832

rusticness1838

plebeianness1840

swainishness1854

baboonery1857

yahooism1862

slanginess1865

bucolicism1879

vulgarianism1920

outbackery1961

yobbishness1969

ockerism1974

blokeishness1989

1572 J. Higgins Huloets Dict. (rev. ed.) Rudenesse, or rusticalitie, rusticitas.

1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 372 Ignoraunce is suche an impediment in man,..it ingendreth in him rusticalitie or clownishnesse.

1845 H. Jennings My Marine Memorandum Bk. I. xiii. 238 A hill is before you, and from the top you surely expect that rusticality will break and dissolve away.

1918 A. C. Train Earthquake viii. 237 Presently we escaped the semirural regions of gas-tanks, road-houses, and motor-service depots, and achieved the dense rusticality of the estates of the Long Island gentry.

2003 F. Deford Amer. Summer iv. 27 My mother had shipped me off to..the Lieber State Recreation Area..which she had deemed, in its rusticality, a safer haven from polio.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rustical
释义	rusticaladj.n. Brit. /ˈrʌstᵻkl/, U.S. /ˈrəstᵻk(ə)l/ Forms: late Middle English rustycal, late Middle English–1500s rusticalle, 1500s– rustical, 1500s rustycall, 1500s–1600s 1800s rusticall. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rusticalis. Etymology: < post-classical Latin rusticalis rural, rustic (11th cent.; c1362, 15th cent. in British sources), of or relating to a serf or villein (14th cent. in British and continental sources) < classical Latin rusticus rustic adj. + -ālis -al suffix¹. Compare Middle French rustical (c1508). Compare earlier rustic adj. A. adj. 1. Of a person: living in the countryside; = rustic adj. 2. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting a type of place > [adjective] > inhabiting the country upland14.. ruralc1425 rustical?a1475 ruric1488 upalands1535 uplands1570 rustic1582 rusticated1757 the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [adjective] > peasant or rustic churlisha1000 upland14.. rustical?a1475 ruric1488 rusticate?a1505 rural1513 upalands1535 clownish1570 rustic1582 clownical1614 clown-likea1640 swainish1642 nut-brown1648 countrified1653 Corydonical1656 sylvatic1661 villatic1671 farmerly1689 peasant1702 soil-bound1814 farmerish1835 farmery1862 corn-pone1919 swede-bashing1936 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 345 (MED) He tauȝhte rude peple to edifye, to tylle feldes, and to sette vynes..wherefore he was trowede to haue bene a godde of the rusticalle [a1387 Trev. vplondische; L. rustica] peple. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xxi. sig. fij^v The Lacedemones somtyme purposely caused their rusticall seruauntes to be made very dronke. 1577 T. Vautrollier tr. M. Luther Comm. Epist. to Galathians (new ed.) f. 170 Stirring vp the rusticall people to sedition. 1606 J. Carpenter Schelomonocham xxiv. f. 97 The ordinary matters..much ruminated among the very rusticall and Countrey people. 1649 F. Roberts Clavis Bibliorum (ed. 2) 549 God purposely raised up Amos of Judah, and a poor rusticall Herdman of Tekoa. 1714 J. Gay Shepherd's Week Proeme sig. A3^v The manners also meetly copied from the rustical folk therein. 1761 New & Gen. Biogr. Dict. V. 353 The death of two rustical lovers, unfortunately killed in the neighbouring fields by a stroke of lightning. 1821 Ld. Byron in Lett. & Jrnls. (1830) II. 327 The rustical founders are rather anxious to disclaim any connexion with their metropolitan followers. 1881 H. C. Lodge Short Hist. Eng. Colonies in Amer. (rev. ed.) xv. 273 A ‘rustical people’ they [sc. the Quakers] certainly were, for nearly the whole community was absorbed in farming. 1917 J. H. Holmes Life & Lett. R. Collyer I. iv. 85 They were rustical men who made their own living as artisans or small farmers. 2. Of a thing: characteristic of the countryside or country life; of a type or style appropriate to the country; esp. plain, simple; crude.With quot. 1665 cf. rustic adj. 3a. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [adjective] > homely or rustic homelya1387 uplandisha1387 hamald?a1400 rustical1483 agrestc1550 fustianc1550 homespun1590 russet1598 agrestic1617 raplocha1628 Adamitic1656 russet-coated1683 rustic1738 turnipy1792 countrified1875 corny1932 bakya1960 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. ccccxxviij/2 His breed was rustycal broun made of barleye or ootes. 1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca sig. G.vi Thanne goeth he to a church of our lady there by, where after that he hath harde masse, he putteth of the rusticall apparayle, and putteth on other apparayle of honour. 1610 A. Willet Hexapla in Danielem 96 Such rusticall oaten pipes. 1665 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng Restored 89 They [sc. the Romans] wrought only the Imposts of the Arches, Capitals, and Cornices, and left the rest rude or rustical. 1784 New & Gen. Biogr. Dict. (new ed.) VII. 459 His apparel, which was formerly gay, was then very rustical, little better than that of a day-labourer. 1864 C. Rossetti Poems (1904) 365/2 [She] sang a country ditty.., Pathetically rustical, Too pointless for the city. 1871 M. Collins Marquis & Merchant III. xiii. 301 A jolly rough honeymoon,..with everything simple and rustical. 1901 W. Besant Lady of Lynn xix. 203 It is a good name for you. Molly. There is something simple about it—something rustical, yet not uncouth, like Blousabella. 2001 M. Maurus Crete (Nelles Travel Pack) 66/2 I Lefkes, at the church square,..taverna with rustical cuisine, large portions. 3. a. Of speech, writing, behaviour, etc.: characteristic or typical of country people; esp. (depreciative) unrefined, vulgar; = rustic adj. 4. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > peasant or rustic > [adjective] churlisha1000 ruric1488 rural1513 rusticalc1525 peasant1550 peasantly1569 clownish1570 rustic1576 shepherdly1579 russet1598 clownical1614 clown-likea1640 nut-brown1648 countrified1653 high-shoon1654 Corydonical1656 high-shod1656 sylvatic1661 villatic1671 russet-coated1683 one-gallus1881 one-gallused1887 red-necked1896 rube1898 takhaar1899 backwoodsya1910 swede-bashing1936 backwoodish1946 c1525 T. Alsoppe Breuyate Fayre Custance Lenvoy Nothyng purueyed at all Of style Heroycall But full of speche rurall And verses rustycall. ?1527 T. Feylde Contraverse bytwene Louer & Jaye sig. C.iv Go lytell boke with rudenes replete..Praye them to correcte thy paynes rustycall. 1538 D. Lindsay Complaynte & Test. Popiniay sig. B.ii I intende without adulacyon In my barbarous rusticall indite Among others syr, somthynge for to write. 1542 T. Becon New Pollecye of Warre sig. G.iij Such blynde ignorancy, and rude Chaos of barbarous and rusticall manners reynge nowe in the world vniuersally. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Ded. Thinking them fittest for such rusticall rudenesse of shepheards,..for that theyr rough sounde would make his rymes more ragged and rustical. a1607 T. Brightman Revelation of Revelation (1615) 790 Neither will we be inueigled any more with her rustical roundelayes. 1695 P. Motteux tr. F. Pidou de St. Olon Present State Morocco 37 Their native rustical Temper, and wilful Ignorance. 1789 tr. Marquis D'Argenson Essays xlvi. 413 These manners are so impolite, provincial, and rustical, that they are even banished from the genteel citizen's houses of Paris. 1850 L. Hunt Autobiogr. II. xi. 55 An extraordinary mixture..of rustical, mechanical tastes.., with the most exalted ideas of authority. 1874 M. Collins Transmigr. I. ix. 164 I..was awakened by sounds of rustical music. 1910 J. C. Snaith Fortune xxv. 260 They could not fail to detect the subtle and charming quality of the accent that lurked beneath his assumption of a rustical brogue. 1945 C. Bax Vintage Verse (1948) iv. 121 After the Restoration, nudity became improper, passion somewhat rustical, and flippancy was the only weal. 1993 Rev. Eng. Stud. 44 97 Spenser's choice of unfashionably archaic and rustical language allies him with a Protestant view of Chaucer and Langland as truth-tellers. †b. Roughly approximate; unscientific, inexact. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > [adjective] untruec1220 unrighta1393 amissa1398 unproperc1400 rudec1475 bada1522 haltinga1533 unjust1554 rustical1660 unaccurate1660 inaccurate1665 unprecise1742 unexact1758 imprecise1805 inexact1828 ungrammatical1843 bum1896 dot and carry one1900 seat-of-the-pants1935 1660 J. Harding tr. B. Valentine Triumphant Chariot Antimony 34 Although I have made use of Rusticall and Grosse Examples, yet are they of great concernment. 1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 108 Let us measure these things in a rusticall sense. 4. a. Of a person: boorish; unsophisticated; = rustic adj. 2a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > cultural ignorance > [adjective] rudea1382 roida1400 borel1513 rustical?1532 illiberal1535 waste?1541 rusticc1550 illiterate1556 ruggedc1565 profane1568 unskilful1572 raw?1573 clownish1581 home-born1589 rough-hewn1593 unpolished1594 artless1598 home-bred1602 unbevelled1602 incult1628 museless1644 uncultivated1646 incultivateda1657 uncultivate1659 incultivate1661 unpolite1674 uncult1675 repent1684 uncultivated1725 uncultured1777 unenlightened1792 cultureless1824 sloven1856 philistinic1869 undoctrined1869 Philistine1871 Philistinish1871 roughneck1906 lowbrow1907 low-level1916 no-brow1922 bohunk1957 bakya1960 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [adjective] > ill-mannered > unrefined boistousc1300 untheweda1325 uplandisha1387 unaffiled1390 rudea1393 knavishc1405 peoplisha1425 clubbedc1440 blunt1477 lob?1507 robust1511 borel1513 carterly1519 clubbish1530 rough?1531 rustical?1532 incondite1539 agrestc1550 rusticc1550 brute1555 lobcocka1556 loutisha1556 carterlike1561 boorish1562 ruggedc1565 lobbish1567 loutlike1567 sowish1570 clownish1581 unrefined1582 impolished1583 homespun1590 transalpinea1592 swaddish1593 unpolished1594 untutored1595 swabberly1596 tartarous1602 porterly1603 lobcocked1606 lob-like1606 cluster-fisted1611 agrestic1617 inurbane1623 unelevated1627 incult1628 unbrushed1640 vulgar1643 unhewed1644 unsmooth1648 hirsute1658 loutardly1658 unhewn1659 roughsome?c1660 sordid1668 inhumanea1680 coarse1699 brutal1709 ramgunshoch1721 tramontane1740 uncouth1740 no-nationa1756 unurbane1760 turnipy1792 rudas1802 common1804 cubbish1819 clodhopping1828 vulgarian1833 cloddish1844 unkempt1846 bush1851 vulgarish1860 rodney1866 crude1876 ignorant1886 yobby1910 nekulturny1932 oikish1959 yobbish1966 ocker1972 down and dirty1977 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [adjective] > ill-mannered > unrefined > specifically of persons uplandisha1387 rustyc1485 rustical?1532 gross?1533 rusticc1550 rough-hewn1591 unfashioned1606 unpolite1674 crude1722 uncouth1732 piggish1742 rough-spun1768 coarse-graineda1774 coarse-fibred1872 rough as guts1919 ?1532 T. Paynell tr. Erasmus De Contemptu Mundi xi. sig. M.ij Very many worldly people of that rustical [L. agresti] and blounte sorte, haue taken suche a smacke in this swynishe fedynge, that nothinge saue their acornes can sauour vnto them. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 167 Feloes of no fyne witte.., but alltogether grosse, clubbyshe, and rusticall. 1609 Bible (Douay) I. Gen. xxi. Annot. The spiritual neuer persecuteth the carnal: but spareth him as his rustical brother. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Oxf. 327 Whose inhabitants..were so rustical in their behaviour, that boarish and clownish people are said born at Hogs-Norton. 1706 tr. J. B. Morvan de Bellegarde Refl. upon Ridicule 38 Theodemus is..rustical and unpolite. 1755 E. F. Haywood Invisible Spy II. i. 11 There are some rustical clod-pated fellows who are capable, on the least encouragement from the press, to insult and throw dirt in our faces. 1820 W. Scott Monastery II. ii^. 76 This rustical and mistaught juvenal. 1876 W. Besant & J. Rice Golden Butterfly* I. vii. 135 Ladds thought..she must be some shy maiden from the country—a little ‘rustical’ perhaps. 1924 G. B. Shaw St. Joan Pref. p. vii She was too young and rustical and inexperienced to have any such arts. 1954 J. Huxley From Antique Land viii. 135 The bearded Arabs in their traditional clothes, the more rustical among them as openly delighted as children with his time-worn tricks. b. Physically robust; = rustic adj. 2c. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > [adjective] > of health: good > resistant to disease, etc. strongeOE stalworthc1175 starka1250 stiff1297 stalworthyc1300 vigorousc1330 stoura1350 lustyc1374 marrowya1382 sturdyc1386 crank1398 robust1490 vigorious1502 stalwart1508 hardy1548 robustious1548 of force1577 rustical1583 marrowed1612 rustic1620 robustic1652 solid1741 refractory1843 salted1864 resistant1876 saulteda1879 the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] > robust strongeOE hardOE stalworthc1175 starka1250 stiff1297 steel to the (very) backa1300 stalworthyc1300 wightc1300 stable13.. valiant1303 stithc1325 toughc1330 wrast1338 stoura1350 sadc1384 wighty14.. derfc1440 substantialc1460 well-jointed1483 felon1487 robust1490 stalwart1508 stoutya1529 robustous?1531 rankc1540 hardy1548 robustious1548 stout1576 rustical1583 rustic1620 iron1638 robustic1652 swankinga1704 strapping1707 rugged1731 solid1741 vaudy1793 flaithulach1829 ironbark1833 swankie1838 tough as (old) boots or leather1843 skookum1847 hard (also tough, sharp) as nails1862 hard-assed1954 nails1974 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke v. xiii. 232 If the bodie be rusticall and hard by nature, it requireth verie vehement medicines: but if it be tender and soft, it requireth more gentle and milde medicines. 1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 76 They may in want of better meat, serue for Mariners, and rusticall bodies. 1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. vi. iii. 169 More tender and less able to resist the Frost..than the others which are more rustical and hardy. 1727 S. Switzer Pract. Kitchen Gardiner v. xlii. 221 All these legumes..are good rustical hardy plants, and may be sown in the open ground, without needing any other culture than being howed, weeded and earth'd, whilst they are young. 1922 tr. P. de B. de Brantôme Lives Fair & Gallant Ladies II. vii. i. 161 As a rule the best-looking and most dainty be not the most meet workers, but the most rustical and hardy. 5. Of or relating to the countryside or country life; rural; = rustic adj. 1a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > country as opposed to town > [adjective] fieldena1425 rustic?1440 citylessc1450 champestrea1492 rural?a1500 rustical1542 agrestc1550 predial1592 champestrial1612 agrestic1617 agrestical1623 agrested1650 upland1654 countrified1756 agrestian1812 country1827 mofussil1828 agrestial1840 landward1844 bucolic1846 out-country1939 land-bound1972 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes i. f. 142 These maner monstres the olde antiquitee beleued to bee the goddes of the forestes, of wildernesse, and of all rusticall places of housbandrie. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 34 In ald tymis pastoral and rustical ocupatione, vas of ane excellent reputatione. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 320 There is a kind of rusticall and wild Bee. 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iv. iv. 193 Such plaine and easie proverbs learned in his rusticall life. 1693 J. Dryden in tr. Persius Satires i. 18 (note) He makes a digression, to Romulus, the first King of Rome, who had a Rustical Education. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 121 Such as are capable of so rustical an Occupation. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 464 Maches or Masketts, are multiplied only by Seed,..they being a sort of little Sallet, which is termed wild or rustical. 1771 Monthly Rev. 44 App. 538 The uses to which the residuum may be applied, in rustical œconomy. 1857 A. Helps Friends in Council 1st Ser. II. ii. iv. 35 Let us leave rustics and rustical affairs for to-day. 1894 L. P. Johnson Art of T. Hardy iv. 139 I have a fellow feeling with Triptolemus Yellowley, whose taste was all for the rustical parts of Latin literature. 1907 Domest. Engin. 39 201/1 Billy is soon to throw off the yokes of a single career and settle down with his bride-to-be to a rustical life. B. n. A person who lives in the countryside (typically implying ignorance or lack of sophistication); a yokel; = rustic n. 1. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > rustic or peasant tillman940 churla1000 ploughman1223 bondmanc1250 bondc1275 ploughswain1296 countrymanc1300 boundec1320 Hobc1325 charla1400 landmana1400 Jack (John) Upland1402 carlc1405 bowerc1430 peasanta1450 rurala1475 agrest1480 bergier1480 carlleina1500 rustical?1532 ploughboy1544 boor1548 rusticc1550 kern1556 tillsman1561 clown1563 Jocka1568 Jock upalanda1568 John Uponlanda1568 russet coat1568 rustican1570 hind?1577 swain1579 Corydon1581 mountain man1587 Phillis1589 sylvan1589 russeting1597 Joan1598 stubble boy1598 paysan1609 carlota1616 swainling1615 raiyat1625 contadino1630 under-swaina1644 high shoe1647 boorinn1649 Bonhomme1660 high-shoon-man1664 countrywoman1679 villan1685 russet gown1694 ruralist1739 paysanne1748 bauer1799 bonderman1804 bodach1830 contadina1835 agrestian1837 peasantess1841 country jake1845 rufus1846 bonder1848 hayseed1851 bucolic1862 agricole1882 country jay1888 child (son, etc.) of the soil1891 hillbilly1900 palouser1903 kisan1935 woop woop1936 swede-basher1943 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > country dweller > [noun] countrymanc1300 landmana1400 Jack (John) Upland1402 rurala1475 rustical?1532 rusticc1550 Jock upalanda1568 John Uponlanda1568 rustican1570 countrywoman1679 country cousin1692 ruralist1739 country mouse1750 backwoodsman1774 back-countryman1796 mountaineer1837 ruralite1841 mountain man1847 smock-frock1858 way back1890 woop woop1936 swamp Yankee1941 society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > peasant or rustic > [noun] churlc1275 Hobc1325 Hodgec1386 charla1400 carlc1405 peasanta1450 hoggler1465 agrest1480 hoggener1488 rustical?1532 boor1548 rusticc1550 kern1556 clown1563 Jocka1568 John Uponlanda1568 russet coat1568 rustican1570 hind?1577 Corydon1581 gaffer1589 gran1591 russeting1597 dunghill1608 hog rubber1611 carlota1616 high shoe1647 Bonhomme1660 high-shoon-man1664 cot1695 ruralist1739 Johnnya1774 Harry1796 bodach1830 bucolic1862 cafone1872 bogman1891 country bookie1904 desi1907 middle peasant1929 woodchuck1931 swede-basher1943 moegoe1953 shit-kicker1961 ?1532 T. Paynell tr. Erasmus De Contemptu Mundi vii. sig. G.iij Whan the mynstrell dothe make a sygne to stynte, than if thou do nat kysse her, that thou leadyng by the hande dyddest daunce with, thou shalte be taken for a rustical [L. rusticus habeberis] or an vplandyshe vyllayne without any good maners or nurture. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. iv. f. 20^v The inhabitantes of these mountaynes, differ no lesse..then amonge vs, the rusticalles of the countrey from gentylmen of the courte. ?1577 J. Northbrooke Spiritus est Vicarius Christi: Treat. Dicing 131 If thou doe not kiss hir..then thou shalt be taken for a rusticall. 1820 W. Scott Monastery II. v. 179 Let me pray you not to be wroth with this rustical. 1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth (1896) lv. 163 I to be rid of roaring rusticalls, and mindless jests,..drew on the table a great watery circle; whereat the rusticalls did look askant. 2009 R. Krueger Czech, German & Noble 37 Peasants residing on dominical land were not subject to the land tax, and therefore owed more obligations to their seignior than the rusticals. Compounds † Rustical war n. Obsolete historical = Rustic war n. at rustic adj. and n. Compounds 1; also in plural in same sense. ΚΠ 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xciij^v Their preachers were a great occasion of the commotion & rusticall warre. 1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 329/2 An other [prescription for gunshot wounds] which in the Rusticalle warres hath oftentimes binne tryed. 1657 J. Tombes Anti-pædobaptism: 3rd Pt. lxxxvii. 754 The Emperour objected to the Protestants that their Preachers were a great occasion of the Rustical war, wherein an hundred thousand were slain. Derivatives rustiˈcality n. rare in 17th and 18th centuries rusticity, rusticness. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [noun] > homeliness or rusticity churlhood1382 uplandishness1530 rusticity1531 rusticality1572 homeliness1576 rusticalnessa1603 rusticness1653 bucolicism1879 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour villainyc1340 churlhood1382 rudenessc1405 boistousness1526 uplandishness1530 rusticity1531 coarseness1541 loutishnessa1556 grossness1563 boorishness1570 rusticality1572 clownishness1576 bouerie1577 roughness1581 clownery1589 swinishness1591 peasantryc1592 inurbanity1598 community1600 rusticalnessa1603 clownagea1637 wildness1639 vulgarness1642 unpolishedness1652 brutism1687 mismanners1697 unpoliteness1700 brutality1709 mechanicism1710 indelicacy1712 untameness1727 vulgarism1749 vulgaritya1774 shag1785 piggishness1796 cubbishness1828 sylvanity1832 rusticness1838 plebeianness1840 swainishness1854 baboonery1857 yahooism1862 slanginess1865 bucolicism1879 vulgarianism1920 outbackery1961 yobbishness1969 ockerism1974 blokeishness1989 1572 J. Higgins Huloets Dict. (rev. ed.) Rudenesse, or rusticalitie, rusticitas. 1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 372 Ignoraunce is suche an impediment in man,..it ingendreth in him rusticalitie or clownishnesse. 1845 H. Jennings My Marine Memorandum Bk. I. xiii. 238 A hill is before you, and from the top you surely expect that rusticality will break and dissolve away. 1918 A. C. Train Earthquake viii. 237 Presently we escaped the semirural regions of gas-tanks, road-houses, and motor-service depots, and achieved the dense rusticality of the estates of the Long Island gentry. 2003 F. Deford Amer. Summer iv. 27 My mother had shipped me off to..the Lieber State Recreation Area..which she had deemed, in its rusticality, a safer haven from polio. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.?a1475
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