Sabiann.adj.

Brit.

/ˈseɪbɪən/, U.S.

/ˈseɪbiən/

Forms: Also 1600s–1700s Zabian, 1600s–1700s Sabean, 1700s Zabæan, Tsabæan, 1700s–1800s Sabæan, Tsabian.

Etymology: < Arabic çābi' + -an suffix. According to Nöldeke, the word represents the present participle of the Aramaic ç'baʿ to baptize (the ע being changed into א as is usual in the Mandæan and cognate dialects). In the actual form in which the word occurs in Arabic, it has the appearance of being derived from the same root as the Hebrew çābā host (see Sabaoth n.); hence, as certain sects claiming the name of Sabians were alleged to be worshippers of the stars, the name was (already by Maimonides in the 12th cent.) interpreted as referring to ‘the host of heaven’.

A. n.

a. An adherent of a religious sect mentioned in three passages of the Qur'an (ii. 40, v. 73, xxii. 17), and by later Arabian writers. In the Qur'an the Sabians are classed with Muslims, Jews, and Christians, as believers in the true God. On account of the toleration extended by Muslims to them, the name of Sabians was, some centuries after Muhammad, assumed not only by the Gnostic half-Christian Mandæans (whose religion is perhaps akin to that of the true Sabians), but also by certain actual polytheists. The statement of some Arabic writers is that the Sabians were professedly Christian, but secretly worshippers of the stars. (Cf. Sabaism n.)

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Sabian > [noun]

Sabian1614

1614 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (ed. 2) i. xii. 63 These Zabians thought whatsoeuer went from their bodies was vncleane.

1661 R. Boyle Some Consider. Style of Script. (1675) 35 For want of knowing the Religion of the antient Zabians... Of those Zabiists..I find a deep and general silence in Classick Authors.

1797 Encycl. Brit. X. 462/1 The fourth [sc. apartment of hell] named al Sair, [Mohammedans assign] to the Sabians.

1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 295/2 That the unity of the Deity was however still acknowledged in the religious system of the Tsabians is manifest from the way in which this religion is spoken of in the Korán.

b. Used for Mandaean adj. and n. (see quot. 1883).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > major early Christian sects > Gnosticism > [noun] > person > mandaean

Mandaean1765

Sabian1797

Mandaitea1837

1797 Encycl. Brit. X. 458/2 The Sabians have several books which they attribute to some of the antediluvian prophets.

1883 K. Kessler in Encycl. Brit. XV. 467/2 (note) In their dealings with members of other communions the designation they [sc. the Mandaeans] take is Sabians.

2. In erroneous use: A worshipper of ‘the host of heaven’; a star-worshipper.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > kinds of worship > [noun] > of heavenly bodies > practitioner of

star worshipper1570

Sabaist1662

Sabian1716

1716 H. Prideaux Old & New Test. Connected I. iii. 140 The remainder of this sect still subsists in the east under the same name of Sabians... That which hath given them the greatest credit among the people of the east is, that the best of their astronomers have been of this sect... For the stars being the gods they worshipped, they made them the chief subject of their studies.

1864 Col. Greenwood in Athenæum 23 July 115/3 Bishop Cumberland and Bishop Warburton..agree that Cain..and his descendants were Sabæans. Abraham and Moses were Sabæans till Jehovah revealed himself to them.

B. adj.

Pertaining to the Sabians (in the various applications of the name: see A.).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > kinds of worship > [adjective] > of heavenly bodies

Sabian1748

solar1774

heliolithic1915

society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Sabian > [adjective]

Sabian1748

society > faith > sect > Christianity > major early Christian sects > Gnosticism > [adjective] > Mandaean

Mandaean1698

Sabian1859

1748 T. Blackwell Lett. conc. Mythol. 369 This Zabian Principle of the Worship of one God by Prayer and Incense.

1787 W. Jones in Asiatick Researches (1791) 2 8 It is generally asserted, that the old religion of the Arabs was entirely Sabian; but I can offer so little accurate information concerning the Sabian faith, or even the meaning of the word, that I dare not yet speak on the subject with confidence.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 571 The Sabean Christians have, in their religion, a mixture of Judaism and Mahometanism.

1859 J. M. Arnold Ishmael 35 In a Sabian Almanac..it is stated: ‘They fast in it seven days..in honour of the great Lord, the Sun, the Lord of all Good.’

1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 128/1 It is quite inappropriate to call star-worshippers in general Sabians or Zabians or to speak of a distinct Sabian religion, as older writers do.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sabian
释义	Sabiann.adj. Brit. /ˈseɪbɪən/, U.S. /ˈseɪbiən/ Forms: Also 1600s–1700s Zabian, 1600s–1700s Sabean, 1700s Zabæan, Tsabæan, 1700s–1800s Sabæan, Tsabian. Etymology: < Arabic çābi' + -an suffix. According to Nöldeke, the word represents the present participle of the Aramaic ç'baʿ to baptize (the ע being changed into א as is usual in the Mandæan and cognate dialects). In the actual form in which the word occurs in Arabic, it has the appearance of being derived from the same root as the Hebrew çābā host (see Sabaoth n.); hence, as certain sects claiming the name of Sabians were alleged to be worshippers of the stars, the name was (already by Maimonides in the 12th cent.) interpreted as referring to ‘the host of heaven’. A. n. 1. a. An adherent of a religious sect mentioned in three passages of the Qur'an (ii. 40, v. 73, xxii. 17), and by later Arabian writers. In the Qur'an the Sabians are classed with Muslims, Jews, and Christians, as believers in the true God. On account of the toleration extended by Muslims to them, the name of Sabians was, some centuries after Muhammad, assumed not only by the Gnostic half-Christian Mandæans (whose religion is perhaps akin to that of the true Sabians), but also by certain actual polytheists. The statement of some Arabic writers is that the Sabians were professedly Christian, but secretly worshippers of the stars. (Cf. Sabaism n.) ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Sabian > [noun] Sabian1614 1614 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (ed. 2) i. xii. 63 These Zabians thought whatsoeuer went from their bodies was vncleane. 1661 R. Boyle Some Consider. Style of Script. (1675) 35 For want of knowing the Religion of the antient Zabians... Of those Zabiists..I find a deep and general silence in Classick Authors. 1797 Encycl. Brit. X. 462/1 The fourth [sc. apartment of hell] named al Sair, [Mohammedans assign] to the Sabians. 1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 295/2 That the unity of the Deity was however still acknowledged in the religious system of the Tsabians is manifest from the way in which this religion is spoken of in the Korán. b. Used for Mandaean adj. and n. (see quot. 1883). ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > major early Christian sects > Gnosticism > [noun] > person > mandaean Mandaean1765 Sabian1797 Mandaitea1837 1797 Encycl. Brit. X. 458/2 The Sabians have several books which they attribute to some of the antediluvian prophets. 1883 K. Kessler in Encycl. Brit. XV. 467/2 (note) In their dealings with members of other communions the designation they [sc. the Mandaeans] take is Sabians. 2. In erroneous use: A worshipper of ‘the host of heaven’; a star-worshipper. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > kinds of worship > [noun] > of heavenly bodies > practitioner of star worshipper1570 Sabaist1662 Sabian1716 1716 H. Prideaux Old & New Test. Connected I. iii. 140 The remainder of this sect still subsists in the east under the same name of Sabians... That which hath given them the greatest credit among the people of the east is, that the best of their astronomers have been of this sect... For the stars being the gods they worshipped, they made them the chief subject of their studies. 1864 Col. Greenwood in Athenæum 23 July 115/3 Bishop Cumberland and Bishop Warburton..agree that Cain..and his descendants were Sabæans. Abraham and Moses were Sabæans till Jehovah revealed himself to them. B. adj. Pertaining to the Sabians (in the various applications of the name: see A.). ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > kinds of worship > [adjective] > of heavenly bodies Sabian1748 solar1774 heliolithic1915 society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Sabian > [adjective] Sabian1748 society > faith > sect > Christianity > major early Christian sects > Gnosticism > [adjective] > Mandaean Mandaean1698 Sabian1859 1748 T. Blackwell Lett. conc. Mythol. 369 This Zabian Principle of the Worship of one God by Prayer and Incense. 1787 W. Jones in Asiatick Researches (1791) 2 8 It is generally asserted, that the old religion of the Arabs was entirely Sabian; but I can offer so little accurate information concerning the Sabian faith, or even the meaning of the word, that I dare not yet speak on the subject with confidence. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 571 The Sabean Christians have, in their religion, a mixture of Judaism and Mahometanism. 1859 J. M. Arnold Ishmael 35 In a Sabian Almanac..it is stated: ‘They fast in it seven days..in honour of the great Lord, the Sun, the Lord of all Good.’ 1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 128/1 It is quite inappropriate to call star-worshippers in general Sabians or Zabians or to speak of a distinct Sabian religion, as older writers do. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1614
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