biospheren.

Brit.

/ˈbʌɪəsfɪə/, U.S.

/ˈbaɪəˌsfɪ(ə)r/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: bio- comb. form, sphere n.

Etymology: < bio- comb. form + sphere n., after German Biosphäre ( E. Suess Die Entstehung der Alpen (1875) 159). Compare French biosphère (1900 in sense 1; 1838 in sense ‘hypothetical basic unit of organized living organisms’).

1. The region of the earth which is occupied by living organisms, comprising parts of the crust, the oceans, and the atmosphere; (also) living organisms collectively. Also (esp. Science Fiction): such a region present on another planet.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > environment or habitat > [noun]

station1718

habitat1796

metropolis1826

range1830

reach1849

biosphere1899

1899 H. R. Mill Internat. Geogr. 4 Some geographers even bring in the layer of living matter to complete four parts of the physical globe—the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.

1909 H. B. C. Sollas & W. J. Sollas tr. E. Suess Face of Earth IV. 637 It brings with it the idea of a biosphere, which assigns to life a place above the lithosphere.

1931 J. A. Thomson in W. Rose Outl. Mod. Knowl. vi. 204 The Biosphere of living organisms, both plants and animals.

1949 W. C. Allee et al. Princ. Animal Ecol. xxxv. 729 Life and habitat are integrated into an evolving ecosystem, ultimately incorporating the entire biosphere of the earth.

1968 Guardian 16 Sept. 1/8 The biosphere, i.e. living things and the milieu in which they exist.

1988 A. C. Clarke 2061: Odyssey Three 245 When Jupiter was converted into a sun, so that this world could realize its potential, another biosphere was destroyed.

2006 Nature 13 Apr. 869/3 There can be no goal for the biosphere, which, however extraordinary, is an understandable chemical mixture of air, water, soil and organisms.

2. An artificial structure enclosing a self-contained ecosystem or ecosystems, esp. one isolated from the external environment.

ΚΠ

1968 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 7 Apr. a23/1 The 20-story plastic globe of the United States has been renamed ‘The Biosphere’ and will become a botanical garden and aviary.]

1977 Jrnl. Brit. Interplanetary Soc. 30 207/1 Colonists may be able to build artificial biospheres on otherwise uninhabitable worlds.

1986 Toronto Star (Nexis) 11 May a16 A critical component of space colonization as the report will note, will be biospheres—greenhouse-like, self-sustaining ecological systems independent of Earth.

1993 BioScience 43 235/2 Human-made biospheres such as Biosphere 2 differ in significant ways from the global system.

2007 Lincs. Echo (Nexis) 5 June 9 It [sc. the Eden Project] has a self-regulated environment in each of its biospheres, where it also cultivates rare and endangered plants.

Compounds

biosphere reserve n. a protected area set aside for conservation purposes and to act as a site for ecological and environmental monitoring and research.The designation of biosphere reserve is awarded by UNESCO as part of its ‘Man and the Biosphere’ programme.

ΚΠ

1974 Science 19 July 240/1 Both sides have now agreed to designate certain areas as ‘biosphere reserves’ where baseline data on ecosystems will be collected and shared.

1989 New Scientist 16 Sept. 25/3 The project will destroy large areas of the Rila and Pirin mountains which include land that Unesco has designated as ‘biosphere reserves’.

2003 B. McKibben Enough (U.K. ed.) v. 224 Now ‘biosphere reserves’ with large wildernesses at their core have sprouted in countries around the world.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	biosphere
释义	biospheren. Brit. /ˈbʌɪəsfɪə/, U.S. /ˈbaɪəˌsfɪ(ə)r/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: bio- comb. form, sphere n. Etymology: < bio- comb. form + sphere n., after German Biosphäre ( E. Suess Die Entstehung der Alpen (1875) 159). Compare French biosphère (1900 in sense 1; 1838 in sense ‘hypothetical basic unit of organized living organisms’). 1. The region of the earth which is occupied by living organisms, comprising parts of the crust, the oceans, and the atmosphere; (also) living organisms collectively. Also (esp. Science Fiction): such a region present on another planet. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > environment or habitat > [noun] station1718 habitat1796 metropolis1826 range1830 reach1849 biosphere1899 1899 H. R. Mill Internat. Geogr. 4 Some geographers even bring in the layer of living matter to complete four parts of the physical globe—the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. 1909 H. B. C. Sollas & W. J. Sollas tr. E. Suess Face of Earth IV. 637 It brings with it the idea of a biosphere, which assigns to life a place above the lithosphere. 1931 J. A. Thomson in W. Rose Outl. Mod. Knowl. vi. 204 The Biosphere of living organisms, both plants and animals. 1949 W. C. Allee et al. Princ. Animal Ecol. xxxv. 729 Life and habitat are integrated into an evolving ecosystem, ultimately incorporating the entire biosphere of the earth. 1968 Guardian 16 Sept. 1/8 The biosphere, i.e. living things and the milieu in which they exist. 1988 A. C. Clarke 2061: Odyssey Three 245 When Jupiter was converted into a sun, so that this world could realize its potential, another biosphere was destroyed. 2006 Nature 13 Apr. 869/3 There can be no goal for the biosphere, which, however extraordinary, is an understandable chemical mixture of air, water, soil and organisms. 2. An artificial structure enclosing a self-contained ecosystem or ecosystems, esp. one isolated from the external environment. ΚΠ 1968 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 7 Apr. a23/1 The 20-story plastic globe of the United States has been renamed ‘The Biosphere’ and will become a botanical garden and aviary.] 1977 Jrnl. Brit. Interplanetary Soc. 30 207/1 Colonists may be able to build artificial biospheres on otherwise uninhabitable worlds. 1986 Toronto Star (Nexis) 11 May a16 A critical component of space colonization as the report will note, will be biospheres—greenhouse-like, self-sustaining ecological systems independent of Earth. 1993 BioScience 43 235/2 Human-made biospheres such as Biosphere 2 differ in significant ways from the global system. 2007 Lincs. Echo (Nexis) 5 June 9 It [sc. the Eden Project] has a self-regulated environment in each of its biospheres, where it also cultivates rare and endangered plants. Compounds biosphere reserve n. a protected area set aside for conservation purposes and to act as a site for ecological and environmental monitoring and research.The designation of biosphere reserve is awarded by UNESCO as part of its ‘Man and the Biosphere’ programme. ΚΠ 1974 Science 19 July 240/1 Both sides have now agreed to designate certain areas as ‘biosphere reserves’ where baseline data on ecosystems will be collected and shared. 1989 New Scientist 16 Sept. 25/3 The project will destroy large areas of the Rila and Pirin mountains which include land that Unesco has designated as ‘biosphere reserves’. 2003 B. McKibben Enough (U.K. ed.) v. 224 Now ‘biosphere reserves’ with large wildernesses at their core have sprouted in countries around the world. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1899
随便看	darkleaved darkled darkles darkless darklier darkliest darkling darkling beetle darklings darklins darklong darklooking darkly darkmans darkminded darkness darknesses darknet darkorbed darkroom darkrooms darks darkshining darkship darkshut