saturnaln.adj.

Brit.

/səˈtəːnl/, U.S.

/səˈtərn(ə)l/

Forms: late Middle English saturnelles (plural), 1500s–1600s saturnall, 1500s– saturnal. Also with capital initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French saturnelles, saturnales; Latin Saturnalis.

Etymology: As noun < Middle French saturnelles, saturnales, plural noun (French saturnales ) ancient Roman festival of Saturn (late 15th cent. in the passage translated in quot. 1487 at sense A. 1a; 14th cent. as saturnelez ), (in extended use) bout of revelry, orgy (1582 in the passage translated in quot. 1605 at sense A. 1b; rare before early 19th cent.) < classical Latin Sāturnālia Saturnalia n. As adjective < post-classical Latin Saturnalis, of or relating to the god Saturn (5th cent.), of or relating to the planet Saturn (13th cent. in British sources; already in classical Latin in Sāturnālia Saturnalia n.) < classical Latin Sāturnus Saturn n. + -ālis -al suffix¹.Specific senses. In sense A. 2 after post-classical Latin Saturnalis celestial object subject to the influence of the planet Saturn (1604 in the passage translated in quot. 1605). With use as adjective compare earlier saturnine adj.

†A. n.

a. In plural. The ancient Roman festival of Saturn; = Saturnalia n. 1. Obsolete.In quot. 1487 with reference to a work by the 5th-century Roman author Macrobius, the Saturnalia, which is set at the time of the festival.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > festival-time > specific festivals

saturnals1487

Saturnalia1538

wake-day1538

Thanksgiving Day1674

Garland Day1833

wake-week1870

wakes week1886

Thump Sunday1916

thanksgiving1930

Garland Sunday1933

Garland Friday1960

society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > specific festivities > [noun] > midwinter festivities > specific Roman

saturnals1487

Saturnalia1538

1487 W. Caxton tr. J. Legrand Bk. Good Maners i. xv. sig. cvii^v As enseyneth macrobe in his book of saturnelles [Fr. saturnelles].

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 161 No man hungreth or fasteth during the Saturnals [Fr. festes de Saturne; Gk. Κρονίοις].

1647 A. Ross Mystagogvs Poeticvs xi. 163 At certaine Feasts of Minerva in March, the Maides were wont to be served by their Mistresses, as in the Saturnalls the Men-servants by their Masters.

?1775 A. Ross View All Religions iv. 91 In honour of him [sc. Saturn], they kept the feast called Saturnals.

b. A bout or period of unrestrained revelry, overindulgence, etc.; a feast, party, etc.; = Saturnalia n. 2. Usually in plural. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > [noun] > day or season of

high tideOE

high dayOE

feast dayc1300

ferie1377

festival day1389

feastful day1440

festivala1500

gaudy-day1567

carnival1598

utas1600

saturnal1605

Saturnalia1639

terminals1656

days of gala1716

fête dayc1759

mirth-day1778

season1791

festa1800

jour de fête1806

fiesta1844

fest1846

Winterval1982

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. vii. 245 To turne Gods Feasts to filthy Lupercales, To frantike Orgies, and fond Saturnales [Fr. des folles Saturnales].

1689 A. Behn tr. A. Cowley Of Plants vi, in A. Cowley 3rd Pt. Wks. 154 But yet these wild Saturnals [L. Saturnalia] shall not last.

1723 Pasquin 16 Jan. Being invited to an hospitable Seat in the Country, good Cheer and good Humour tempted me to stay, and merrily conclude the Saturnals.

1845 Douglas Jerrold's Shilling Mag. 2 44 The Mullins's ‘plumpers’, by old custom, were holding a Saturnal, prior to their turning the scale of a fiercely contested election.

1879 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 Jan. 9/2 [They] tolerated ‘check nights’, ‘oppidan dinner’, ‘leaving breakfasts’, and other kindred saturnals.

2. Astrology. A celestial object subject to the influence of the planet Saturn. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun] > saturnine quality > person

Saturnian1546

Saturnist1546

saturnine1558

saturnal1605

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. 47 There are starres which haue their most colde and moyst spirites, as the Saturnalls [L. saturnales] and Lunaries.

B. adj.

1. Astrology. Relating to or affected by the supposed influence of the planet Saturn; designating this influence. Cf. saturnine adj. 2. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > superior planet > [adjective] > Saturn > influence

Saturnian1557

saturnal1572

saturnial1591

1572 J. Jones Bathes of Bathes Ayde iv. f. 27^v The Saturnal yeare is moued from .iiii. to .iiii. But y^e leape yeares is [sic] moued from iiii. to .iiii. bicause euery fouerth yeare is leape yeare, ergo, the leape yeare is the yeare of Saturne.

1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xi. f. 174/1 They say that the cloth that hath bene at a buriall, doth gather thereby a certaine saturnall property of sadnesse.

1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 649 Are not the Saturnal and Martial Strings and Notes as material and useful as the Jovial and Venerial?

1698 tr. I. Hiebner Mysterium Sigillorum 190 If there be now a Lunar or Saturnal Influence..then Dig with good courage, and you will find a Treasure.

1750 tr. N. Lenglet Dufresnoy Geogr. for Children (ed. 5) xiii. 28 They are a mean between the Saturnal Genius of the German, and the Mercurial Temper of the French.

2005 L. Kassell Med. & Magic in Elizabethan London (2007) ii. v. 111 God had warned the English with..the plague of 1592–3, specifically a ‘Saturnal’ plague, beginning with pain in the head then ‘tokens’ on the body.

2. Of or relating to the god Saturn; esp. designating the ancient Roman Saturnalia. Cf. saturnial adj. 2. rare.

ΚΠ

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. iii. 397 The poore commonalty..because of their neglected Saturnall Feasts in Rome, made a grievous complaint and exclamation against the Richmen.

1823 J. Browning tr. L. Pignotti Hist. Tuscany II. Ess. ii. 167 The powerful..are accustomed to..listen to injuries with a smile, like the ancient Romans at their servants in the Saturnal festivals.

1994 D. W. Foster Lat. Amer. Writers Gay & Lesbian Themes 458 An epithalamium that imagines the public union of poet and beloved sanctified by Saturnal rites.

3. Of or relating to the planet Saturn; resembling that of the planet Saturn. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > superior planet > [adjective] > Saturn

Saturnian1675

saturnine1841

saturnal1875

saturnial1897

1875 J. M. Arnold Genesis & Sci. (ed. 2) vi. 263 If there be inhabitants in that planet they must leave their abodes each half of the Saturnal year, and travel to the antipodes to escape destruction from cold.

1970 Berkshire Eagle (Pittsfield, Mass.) 8 Aug. 10/1 Was there ever a myth to the effect that far up in the sky, in a sort of Milky Way or a Saturnal Ring, there is a great supply of infants waiting to be born?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	saturnal
释义	saturnaln.adj. Brit. /səˈtəːnl/, U.S. /səˈtərn(ə)l/ Forms: late Middle English saturnelles (plural), 1500s–1600s saturnall, 1500s– saturnal. Also with capital initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French saturnelles, saturnales; Latin Saturnalis. Etymology: As noun < Middle French saturnelles, saturnales, plural noun (French saturnales ) ancient Roman festival of Saturn (late 15th cent. in the passage translated in quot. 1487 at sense A. 1a; 14th cent. as saturnelez ), (in extended use) bout of revelry, orgy (1582 in the passage translated in quot. 1605 at sense A. 1b; rare before early 19th cent.) < classical Latin Sāturnālia Saturnalia n. As adjective < post-classical Latin Saturnalis, of or relating to the god Saturn (5th cent.), of or relating to the planet Saturn (13th cent. in British sources; already in classical Latin in Sāturnālia Saturnalia n.) < classical Latin Sāturnus Saturn n. + -ālis -al suffix¹.Specific senses. In sense A. 2 after post-classical Latin Saturnalis celestial object subject to the influence of the planet Saturn (1604 in the passage translated in quot. 1605). With use as adjective compare earlier saturnine adj. †A. n. 1. a. In plural. The ancient Roman festival of Saturn; = Saturnalia n. 1. Obsolete.In quot. 1487 with reference to a work by the 5th-century Roman author Macrobius, the Saturnalia, which is set at the time of the festival. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > festival-time > specific festivals saturnals1487 Saturnalia1538 wake-day1538 Thanksgiving Day1674 Garland Day1833 wake-week1870 wakes week1886 Thump Sunday1916 thanksgiving1930 Garland Sunday1933 Garland Friday1960 society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > specific festivities > [noun] > midwinter festivities > specific Roman saturnals1487 Saturnalia1538 1487 W. Caxton tr. J. Legrand Bk. Good Maners i. xv. sig. cvii^v As enseyneth macrobe in his book of saturnelles [Fr. saturnelles]. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 161 No man hungreth or fasteth during the Saturnals [Fr. festes de Saturne; Gk. Κρονίοις]. 1647 A. Ross Mystagogvs Poeticvs xi. 163 At certaine Feasts of Minerva in March, the Maides were wont to be served by their Mistresses, as in the Saturnalls the Men-servants by their Masters. ?1775 A. Ross View All Religions iv. 91 In honour of him [sc. Saturn], they kept the feast called Saturnals. b. A bout or period of unrestrained revelry, overindulgence, etc.; a feast, party, etc.; = Saturnalia n. 2. Usually in plural. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > [noun] > day or season of high tideOE high dayOE feast dayc1300 ferie1377 festival day1389 feastful day1440 festivala1500 gaudy-day1567 carnival1598 utas1600 saturnal1605 Saturnalia1639 terminals1656 days of gala1716 fête dayc1759 mirth-day1778 season1791 festa1800 jour de fête1806 fiesta1844 fest1846 Winterval1982 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. vii. 245 To turne Gods Feasts to filthy Lupercales, To frantike Orgies, and fond Saturnales [Fr. des folles Saturnales]. 1689 A. Behn tr. A. Cowley Of Plants vi, in A. Cowley 3rd Pt. Wks. 154 But yet these wild Saturnals [L. Saturnalia] shall not last. 1723 Pasquin 16 Jan. Being invited to an hospitable Seat in the Country, good Cheer and good Humour tempted me to stay, and merrily conclude the Saturnals. 1845 Douglas Jerrold's Shilling Mag. 2 44 The Mullins's ‘plumpers’, by old custom, were holding a Saturnal, prior to their turning the scale of a fiercely contested election. 1879 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 Jan. 9/2 [They] tolerated ‘check nights’, ‘oppidan dinner’, ‘leaving breakfasts’, and other kindred saturnals. 2. Astrology. A celestial object subject to the influence of the planet Saturn. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun] > saturnine quality > person Saturnian1546 Saturnist1546 saturnine1558 saturnal1605 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. 47 There are starres which haue their most colde and moyst spirites, as the Saturnalls [L. saturnales] and Lunaries. B. adj. 1. Astrology. Relating to or affected by the supposed influence of the planet Saturn; designating this influence. Cf. saturnine adj. 2. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > superior planet > [adjective] > Saturn > influence Saturnian1557 saturnal1572 saturnial1591 1572 J. Jones Bathes of Bathes Ayde iv. f. 27^v The Saturnal yeare is moued from .iiii. to .iiii. But y^e leape yeares is [sic] moued from iiii. to .iiii. bicause euery fouerth yeare is leape yeare, ergo, the leape yeare is the yeare of Saturne. 1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xi. f. 174/1 They say that the cloth that hath bene at a buriall, doth gather thereby a certaine saturnall property of sadnesse. 1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 649 Are not the Saturnal and Martial Strings and Notes as material and useful as the Jovial and Venerial? 1698 tr. I. Hiebner Mysterium Sigillorum 190 If there be now a Lunar or Saturnal Influence..then Dig with good courage, and you will find a Treasure. 1750 tr. N. Lenglet Dufresnoy Geogr. for Children (ed. 5) xiii. 28 They are a mean between the Saturnal Genius of the German, and the Mercurial Temper of the French. 2005 L. Kassell Med. & Magic in Elizabethan London (2007) ii. v. 111 God had warned the English with..the plague of 1592–3, specifically a ‘Saturnal’ plague, beginning with pain in the head then ‘tokens’ on the body. 2. Of or relating to the god Saturn; esp. designating the ancient Roman Saturnalia. Cf. saturnial adj. 2. rare. ΚΠ 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. iii. 397 The poore commonalty..because of their neglected Saturnall Feasts in Rome, made a grievous complaint and exclamation against the Richmen. 1823 J. Browning tr. L. Pignotti Hist. Tuscany II. Ess. ii. 167 The powerful..are accustomed to..listen to injuries with a smile, like the ancient Romans at their servants in the Saturnal festivals. 1994 D. W. Foster Lat. Amer. Writers Gay & Lesbian Themes 458 An epithalamium that imagines the public union of poet and beloved sanctified by Saturnal rites. 3. Of or relating to the planet Saturn; resembling that of the planet Saturn. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > superior planet > [adjective] > Saturn Saturnian1675 saturnine1841 saturnal1875 saturnial1897 1875 J. M. Arnold Genesis & Sci. (ed. 2) vi. 263 If there be inhabitants in that planet they must leave their abodes each half of the Saturnal year, and travel to the antipodes to escape destruction from cold. 1970 Berkshire Eagle (Pittsfield, Mass.) 8 Aug. 10/1 Was there ever a myth to the effect that far up in the sky, in a sort of Milky Way or a Saturnal Ring, there is a great supply of infants waiting to be born? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1487
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