| 释义 |
savinn. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin. Or (ii) a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin sabina; French saveyne. Etymology: Originally < post-classical Latin sabina (see below); subsequently reinforced by (i) Anglo-Norman saveyne, Anglo-Norman and Old French savine (early 12th cent.), Middle French, French sabine (1550; 15th cent. in herbe sabine ) and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin sabina (from 11th cent. in British glossarial sources; also as savina), use as noun of classical Latin sabīna in herba sabīna (with herba plant), of uncertain origin; perhaps related to classical Latin sabūcus , sambūcus elder (see sambocade n.); the derivation of classical Latin herba sabīna from Sabīnus Sabine adj. probably represents a folk etymology. Compare post-classical Latin herba savina (4th cent.). Compare Franco-Provençal sabine (first half of the 14th cent.), Spanish sabina (c1325), Portuguese sabina (1661), Italian sabina (1544; c1350 as savina ). The Latin word was also borrowed into other Germanic languages. Compare Old High German sevina (Middle High German seven ), and with savin tree at Compounds 1 compare also Middle Dutch sevenboom , sevelboom (Dutch zevenboom ), Middle Low German sāvenbōm , sōvenbōm , sēvenbōm , sāvelbōm , Old High German sevinboum , sabinboum (Middle High German sevenboum , sebenboum , German Sebenbaum , Sadebaum (now the usual form), etc.), Swedish sävenbom , Old Danish sevenbom (Danish sevenbom ). With savin bush at Compounds 1 compare also Old Danish sabinbuske.In Old English usually a weak feminine (safene , safine ); in form sauina directly after Latin sabina, savina, occasionally indeclinable and occasionally with Latin case endings. Old English sabinam , early Middle English sauinam are after the Latin accusative singular. For the representation of post-classical Latin intervocalic b with Old English f or u see A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §546. The Scots forms sawing, saving in the compound savin tree at Compounds 1 probably show folk-etymological alteration by association with saving adj. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > junipers > [noun] OE Ælfric (St. John's Oxf.) 312 Nomina arborum... Sabina, sauene. a1200 ( 59 Sabina, .i. sauine. ?a1350 in T. Hunt (1989) 230 [Savina] gallice et anglice savine. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) vii. l. 1353 Ther is an herbe which men calleth Saveine. a1400 J. Mirfield (1882) 18 (MED) Ebel, i. savin. 1567 J. Maplet f. 61 Sauin, is one of those kindes which..beareth leafe all seasons of the yeare. 1590 E. Spenser iii. ii. sig. Dd5v But th'aged Nourse..Had gathered Rew, and Sauine. 1607 E. Topsell 240 Agolethros and Sabine are poyson to Goates. 1661 R. Lovell 115 They [sc. sheep] are hurt by aconite, nereon, prickwood, savin,..and scortching fennel. 1712 J. Mortimer xiii. ii. 109 Sabin or Savin will make fine Hedges, and may be brought into any sort of Form by clipping. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau xxix. 460 Savin has opposite, erect, decurrent leaves, with the oppositions boxed or running over each other along the branches. 1838 T. Thomson 464 Oil of sabine. It is obtained from the leaves of the juniperus sabina. Limpid. Has the odour and flavour of sabine. This plant furnishes a great deal of oil. 1861 H. B. Stowe i. 8 Only savins and mullens, with their dark pyramids or white spires of velvet leaves, diversified the sandy wayside. 1872 G. A. Dean xxv. 224 The savin juniper (Juniperus sabina) when young is a very pretty evergreen. 1920 S. Fallows 773/2 The dwarf juniper or savin (Juniperus sabina), which grows in the most sterile and desolate parts of the desert. 1964 A. C. Hilldreth 18 Savin juniper is a hardy shrub, tolerant of alkaline soils. 1996 R. Mabey 28/1 J. sabina, which is known as ‘savin’, and which yields oil of savarin, more potent—and toxic—than that from common juniper. 2003 T. Farino et al. Travellers' Nature Guides 240/2 The area north of Velilla del Río Carrón..is studded with Spanish junipers and creeping mats of savin and dwarf junipers. the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > general plant-derived medicines eOE (Royal) (1865) i. xxxix. 100 Wiþ þon ilcan genim safinan, gnid to duste & meng wiþ hunig & smire mid. OE (2001) I. lxxx. 70 Wyll in buteran þas wyrta..sauinan & curmeallan & feferfugean. ?a1200 (?OE) (1896) 11 Nim sauinam and ambrotena and cnuca hi. a1400 tr. Lanfranc (Ashm.) (1894) 276 Þou schalt make him a clisterie wiþ a decoccioun of herbis..mollificatif & duretik: as..sauine, ebuli, sambuci. a1500 in J. Evans & M. S. Serjeantson (1933) 89 Firigins is..gode if it be dronkyne with sauen for þe gowte. 1573 T. Tusser (new ed.) f. 41v Sauin, for the botts. 1583 P. Barrough iii. lvi. 151 Incessions made of the decoction of laurell beries, and leaues,..motherwort, horehound, saueine, althæa, cammomill [etc.]. 1614 G. Markham Bull in xxix. 58 There is nothing killeth wormes in the bodies of cattell sooner than Sauen chopt small and beaten with sweet Butter. 1693 J. Dryden tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal vi. 119 Help her to make Manslaughter; let her bleed, And never want for Savin at her need. 1736 N. Bailey 521 Savin, is of an incisive, penetrative and attenuating quality..; being powdered and mix'd with fresh butter, it is given to the quantity of a dram to persons troubled with the asthma. 1768 III. 72 Among the letters of the prisoner's found in the house, was one, directed to the deceased with savin in it. 1821 H. M. Williams tr. A. von Humboldt V. 32 The new abortives..might..occasion the same danger in our climates, as the use of savine, aloes, and the essential oils of cinnamon and cloves. 1843 R. J. Graves xxvi. 334 They were treated with lapis infernalis, Plenk's liniment, and powdered savine. 1901 C. M. Riley 115 The activity of savin depends on a yellow volatile oil which may be procured by distillation. 1991 Aug. 14 More recently, German women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries took savin, from Juniperus sabina L., as an abortifacient. 2006 39 589 Along the way we learn about other botanicals and abortifacients: quinine, cacao, cochineal and savin. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > other shrubs > [noun] 1697 (Royal Soc.) 19 511 Savin growing wild..in one of the Islands of Lough-Lane, in the County of Kerry. 1700 J. Petiver viii. 75 Juniperus minima... On the hills in Wales and Westmorland where this grows they call it Savin. 1884 C. S. Sargent 186 Torreya taxifolia... Stinking Cedar. Savin. 1908 3 Oct. 251/2 In Sussex, Artemisia maritima is called Savin, and used medicinally for like purposes as the true Savin. 1989 C. Erichsen-Brown 30 Creeping Cedar or Savin Juniperus horizontalis... Branches creep over the ground, the leaves mostly scale like. 2009 M. W. Turner 38/1 Other Common Names For Juniperus virginiana: red juniper, red cedar, Virginia juniper, Carolina cedar, red savin, Baton Rouge. Compounds1577 i. xxix. 71 Serpents greatly hate the fyre... They loue the Sauine tree, the Juie, and Fennel, as Todes do the Sauge. 1672 J. Josselyn 3 In these Gullies grow Saven Bushes. 1681 N. Grew ii. §ii. i. 219 Savine-Berrys. About as big as those of the common Juniper, and of a blackish blew. 1709 11 Sept. Elspeth Jamison..is suspect to be with child and indeavouring to put back the birth and for that end had been seeking the saving tree from the gardiners. 1739 xi. 127 Myrrh, two Drams; Savin Leaves, and Flowers of Red Roses, of each a handful. 1811 A. T. Thomson iii. 702 Savine Ointment. Take fresh leaves of savine freed from the stalks and bruised, half a pound. 1841 29 Aug. John Pattie applied to him to procure a sprig of Savingtree. 1917 H. V. Arny (ed. 2) 760 The natural order Coniferæ, to which the savine tree belongs, is commonly called the pine family. 2000 S. Donati (2001) 514 She paused to run her hand over a spreading savin bush. C2. 1798 Apr. 461 The following directions are given for making the savine cerate. 1807 S. Cooper I. ii. xxxii. 361 A discharge should be kept up from the blistered surface by the savine cerate. 1905 H. W. Felter & J. U. Lloyd (ed. 19) I. 481 Savin cerate is applied to blistered surfaces, to maintain a constant discharge. It is less irritating than the cerate of cantharides. 1804 J. E. Smith III. 1112 L. [sc. Lycopodium] Sabinæ facie... Savin-leaved Club-moss. 1853 (S.P.C.K.) No. 73 544 The savin-leaved species [of club-moss] sends out clusters of branches, each of which is tipped by a capsule. 1986 14 167 [Juniper,] Virginia savin leaved... J. virginiana. 1577 ii. 136 The Cucumber will yelde fruites without seedes, if..the seedes be stieped in oyle Sesaminium or Sauine oyle. 1837 11 161 To the first series belongs the oil of turpentine... the oil of the black pepper, the juniper oil, the savin oil. 1922 A. Thurson ix. 407 Turpentine has been found to be the principal adulterant of savin oil. 2004 I. Alford tr. D. Frohne & J. Pfänder 154 In contact with the skin, savin oil causes blisters and deep-seated necrosis. 1695 R. Blackmore vii. 204 Henbane, Wormwood, Hemlock, Savine Top. 1753 W. Lewis 381/2 Mugwort leaves, Feverfew flowers, Savin tops, each one ounce... French brandy, two gallons and a half. 1898 23 Apr. 1101/2 The omission [from the Pharmacopœia] of savin tops..will probably be regarded with satisfaction by most practitioners. 1915 P. W. Squire (ed. 2) 720 Tinctura Sabinæ.—1 of Savin Tops, dried and coarsely powdered, percolated with Alcohol (60p.c.), to yield 8. 2005 H. Phaneuf 422/2 Topically savin tops are used to treat warts, although the herb is severely irritating to skin. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.eOE |
