sam-prefix

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element.

Etymology: Old English sam- , representing (with vowel-shortening usual in compounds) prehistoric *sǽm- < West Germanic *sâmi- (e.g. in Old Saxon sâmquik , Old High German sâmiqueck = Old English samcucu ‘half-quick’, semianimis ) < Germanic *sǣmi- < Indogermanic *sēmi- : see semi- prefix.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

1. = half- comb. form.

sam-crisp adj.

Brit.

/ˌsamˈkrɪsp/

U.S.

/ˌsæmˈkrɪsp/

ΚΠ

c1425 Eng. Conq. Irel. xxxix. 98 Yolowe her & sam-crysp.

sam-dead adj.

Brit.

/ˌsamˈdɛd/

U.S.

/ˌsæmˈdɛd/

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > dead person or the dead > [adjective] > half-dead

half-deadc1000

sam-dead1297

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 3416 Ȝut ichabbe leuere samded hom ouercome Þan hol & sound be ouercome.

sam-red adj.

Brit.

/ˌsamˈrɛd/

U.S.

/ˌsæmˈrɛd/

ΚΠ

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. ix. 311 Chiboles and chiruylles and chiries sam-rede [MS. M. sam-ripe].

c1425 Eng. Conq. Irel. (Dublin) xxi. 54 He was samroed, with grey eghen.

c1440 Eng. Conq. Irel. xxxvi. 89 (Rawl. MS.) The kynge henry the othyr, was a man same rede [Dubl. MS. saunrede].

Categories »

sam-ripe adj.

Brit.

/ˌsamˈrʌɪp/

U.S.

/ˌsæmˈraɪp/

sam-hale adj.

Brit.

/ˌsamˈheɪl/

U.S.

/ˌsæmˈheɪl/

‘half-whole’, in poor health.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased

untrumc825

sickc888

unwholec888

slackc897

unstronga900

sicklea1000

sam-halea1023

worseOE

attaint1303

languishinga1325

heallessc1374

sicklyc1374

sicklewa1387

bada1393

mishalea1400

languoring?c1425

distempered1440

unwell?c1450

detent?a1475

poora1475

languorousc1475

maladif1481

illa1500

maladiousc1500

wanthriven1508

attainted1509

unsound1513

acrazed1521

cracked1527

unsoundya1529

visited1537

infirmed1552

crazed1555

healthless1568

ill-liking1572

afflicted1574

crazy1576

unhealthful1580

sickish1581

valetudinary1581

not well1587

fainty1590

ill-disposed1596

unhealthsome1598

tainted1600

ill-affected1604

peaking1611

unhealthy1611

infirmited1616

disaffected1626

physical1633

illish1637

pimping1640

invalid1642

misaffected1645

valetudinarious1648

unhale1653

badly1654

unwholesome1655

valetudinous1655

morbulent1656

off the hooksa1658

mawkish1668

morbid1668

unthriven1680

unsane1690

ailing1716

not wellish1737

underlya1742

poorly1750

indifferent1753

comical1755

maladized1790

sober1808

sickened1815

broken-down1816

peaky1821

poorlyish1827

souffrante1827

run-down1831

sicklied1835

addle1844

shaky1844

mean1845

dauncy1846

stricken1846

peakyish1853

po'ly1860

pindling1861

rough1882

rocky1883

suffering1885

wabbit1895

icky-boo1920

like death warmed up1924

icky1938

ropy1945

crappy1956

hanging1971

sick as a parrot1982

shite1987

a1023 Wulfstan Homilies l. 273 Nu ne beoþ naht fela manna ætsamne, ðæt heora sum ne si seoc and samhal.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13262 Þe sam-hale fast til him þai soght.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5153 I mai noght rise, i am sam-hale.

sam-sodden n.

Brit.

/ˌsamˈsɒdn/

U.S.

/ˌsæmˈsɑd(ə)n/

half cooked, half done; also figurative ‘half baked’, stupid.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > [adjective] > cooked > half-cooked

sam-soddena1000

half-bakena1500

half-baked1562

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective]

sloweOE

stuntc960

dullOE

hardOE

stuntlyc1000

sotc1050

dillc1175

dulta1225

simplea1325

heavy1340

astonedc1374

sheepishc1380

dull-witteda1387

lourd1390

steerishc1411

ass-likea1425

brainless?a1439

deafc1440

sluggishc1450

short-witted1477

obtuse1509

peakish1519

wearish1519

deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520

doileda1522

gross1526

headlessa1530

stulty1532

ass-headed1533

pot-headed1533

stupid?1541

sheep's head1542

doltish1543

dumpish1545

assish1548

blockish1548

slow-witted1548

blockheaded1549

surd1551

dull-headed1552

hammer-headed1552

skit-brained?1553

buzzardly1561

witless1562

log-headeda1566

assy1566

sottish1566

dastardly1567

stupidious1567

beetle-headed1570

calvish1570

bluntish1578

cod's-headed1578

grout-headed1578

bedaft1579

dull-pated1580

blate1581

buzzard-like1581

long-eared1582

dullard1583

woodena1586

duncical1588

leaden-headed1589

buzzard1592

dorbellical1592

dunstical1592

heavy-headeda1593

shallow-brained1592

blunt-witted1594

mossy1597

Bœotian1598

clay-brained1598

fat1598

fat-witted1598

knotty-pated1598

stupidous1598

wit-lost1599

barren1600

duncifiedc1600

lourdish1600

stockish1600

thick1600

booby1603

leaden-pated1603

partless1603

thin-headed1603

leaden-skulledc1604

blockhead1606

frost-brained1606

ram-headed1608

beef-witted1609

insulse1609

leaden-spirited1609

asininec1610

clumse1611

blockheadly1612

wattle-headed1613

flata1616

logger-headeda1616

puppy-headeda1616

shallow-patedc1616

thick-brained1619

half-headed1621

buzzard-blinda1625

beef-brained1628

toom-headed1629

thick-witted1634

woollen-witted1635

squirrel-headed1637

clod-pated1639

lean-souled1639

muddy-headed1642

leaden-witteda1645

as sad as any mallet1645

under-headed1646

fat-headed1647

half-witted1647

insipid1651

insulsate1652

soft-headed1653

thick-skulleda1657

muddish1658

non-intelligent1659

whey-brained1660

sap-headed1665

timber-headed1666

leather-headeda1668

out of (one's) tree1669

boobily1673

thoughtless1673

lourdly1674

logger1675

unintelligenta1676

Bœotic1678

chicken-brained1678

under-witted1683

loggerhead1684

dunderheaded1692

unintelligible1694

buffle-headed1697

crassicc1700

numbskulled1707

crassous1708

doddy-polled1708

haggis-headed1715

niddy-noddy1722

muzzy1723

pudding-headed1726

sumphish1728

pitcher-souleda1739

duncey1743

hebete1743

chuckheaded1756

dumb1756

duncely1757

imbecile1766

mutton-headed1768

chuckle-headed1770

jobbernowl1770

dowfarta1774

boobyish1778

wittol1780

staumrel1787

opaquec1789

stoopid1791

mud-headed1793

borné1795

muzzy-headed1798

nog-headed1800

thick-headed1801

gypit1804

duncish1805

lightweight1809

numbskull1814

tup-headed1816

chuckle-pate1820

unintellectuala1821

dense1822

ninnyish1822

dunch1825

fozy1825

potato-headed1826

beef-headed1828

donkeyish1831

blockheadish1833

pinheaded1837

squirrel-minded1837

pumpkin-headed1838

tomfoolish1838

dundering1840

chicken-headed1842

like a bump on a log1842

ninny-minded1849

numbheadeda1852

nincompoopish1852

suet-brained1852

dolly1853

mullet-headed1853

sodden1853

fiddle-headed1854

numb1854

bovine1855

logy1859

crass1861

unsmart1861

off his chump1864

wooden-headed1865

stupe1866

lean-minded1867

duffing1869

cretinous1871

doddering1871

thick-head1873

doddling1874

stupido1879

boneheaded1883

woolly-headed1883

leaden-natured1889

suet-headed1890

sam-sodden1891

dopey1896

turnip-headed1898

bonehead1903

wool-witted1905

peanut-headed1906

peanut-brained1907

dilly1909

torpid-minded1909

retardate1912

nitwitted1917

meat-headed1918

mug1922

cloth-headed1925

loopy1925

nitwit1928

lame-brained1929

dead from the neck up1930

simpy1932

nail-headed1936

square-headed1936

dingbats1937

pinhead1939

dim-witted1940

pea-brained1942

clueless1943

lobotomized1943

retarded1949

pointy-headed1950

clottish1952

like a stunned mullet1953

silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954

out to lunch1955

pin-brained1958

dozy1959

eejity1964

out of one's tiny mind1965

doofus1967

twitty1967

twittish1969

twatty1975

twattish1976

blur1977

dof1979

goofus1981

dickheaded1991

dickish1991

numpty1992

cockish1996

a1000 Ecgberti Confessionale §40 Gif man awiht blodiges þicge on healf-sodenum [MSS. X.Y. sam-sodenum] mete.

1825 J. Jennings Observ. Dial. W. Eng. 85 Any thing heated for a long time in a low heat so as to be in part spoiled, is said to be zamzodden.

1891 ‘Q’ Noughts & Crosses 97 I'm afeard you'm o' no account,..but sam-sodden if I may say so.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sam-
释义	sam-prefix Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element. Etymology: Old English sam- , representing (with vowel-shortening usual in compounds) prehistoric sǽm- < West Germanic sâmi- (e.g. in Old Saxon sâmquik , Old High German sâmiqueck = Old English samcucu ‘half-quick’, semianimis ) < Germanic sǣmi- < Indogermanic sēmi- : see semi- prefix. Obsolete exc. dialect. 1. = half- comb. form. sam-crisp adj. Brit. /ˌsamˈkrɪsp/ , U.S. /ˌsæmˈkrɪsp/ ΚΠ c1425 Eng. Conq. Irel. xxxix. 98 Yolowe her & sam-crysp. sam-dead adj. Brit. /ˌsamˈdɛd/ , U.S. /ˌsæmˈdɛd/ ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > dead person or the dead > [adjective] > half-dead half-deadc1000 sam-dead1297 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 3416 Ȝut ichabbe leuere samded hom ouercome Þan hol & sound be ouercome. sam-red adj. Brit. /ˌsamˈrɛd/ , U.S. /ˌsæmˈrɛd/ ΚΠ 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. ix. 311 Chiboles and chiruylles and chiries sam-rede [MS. M. sam-ripe]. c1425 Eng. Conq. Irel. (Dublin) xxi. 54 He was samroed, with grey eghen. c1440 Eng. Conq. Irel. xxxvi. 89 (Rawl. MS.) The kynge henry the othyr, was a man same rede [Dubl. MS. saunrede]. Categories » sam-ripe adj. Brit. /ˌsamˈrʌɪp/ , U.S. /ˌsæmˈraɪp/ 2. sam-hale adj. Brit. /ˌsamˈheɪl/ , U.S. /ˌsæmˈheɪl/ ‘half-whole’, in poor health. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased untrumc825 sickc888 unwholec888 slackc897 unstronga900 sicklea1000 sam-halea1023 worseOE attaint1303 languishinga1325 heallessc1374 sicklyc1374 sicklewa1387 bada1393 mishalea1400 languoring?c1425 distempered1440 unwell?c1450 detent?a1475 poora1475 languorousc1475 maladif1481 illa1500 maladiousc1500 wanthriven1508 attainted1509 unsound1513 acrazed1521 cracked1527 unsoundya1529 visited1537 infirmed1552 crazed1555 healthless1568 ill-liking1572 afflicted1574 crazy1576 unhealthful1580 sickish1581 valetudinary1581 not well1587 fainty1590 ill-disposed1596 unhealthsome1598 tainted1600 ill-affected1604 peaking1611 unhealthy1611 infirmited1616 disaffected1626 physical1633 illish1637 pimping1640 invalid1642 misaffected1645 valetudinarious1648 unhale1653 badly1654 unwholesome1655 valetudinous1655 morbulent1656 off the hooksa1658 mawkish1668 morbid1668 unthriven1680 unsane1690 ailing1716 not wellish1737 underlya1742 poorly1750 indifferent1753 comical1755 maladized1790 sober1808 sickened1815 broken-down1816 peaky1821 poorlyish1827 souffrante1827 run-down1831 sicklied1835 addle1844 shaky1844 mean1845 dauncy1846 stricken1846 peakyish1853 po'ly1860 pindling1861 rough1882 rocky1883 suffering1885 wabbit1895 icky-boo1920 like death warmed up1924 icky1938 ropy1945 crappy1956 hanging1971 sick as a parrot1982 shite1987 a1023 Wulfstan Homilies l. 273 Nu ne beoþ naht fela manna ætsamne, ðæt heora sum ne si seoc and samhal. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13262 Þe sam-hale fast til him þai soght. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5153 I mai noght rise, i am sam-hale. sam-sodden n. Brit. /ˌsamˈsɒdn/ , U.S. /ˌsæmˈsɑd(ə)n/ half cooked, half done; also figurative ‘half baked’, stupid. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > [adjective] > cooked > half-cooked sam-soddena1000 half-bakena1500 half-baked1562 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective] sloweOE stuntc960 dullOE hardOE stuntlyc1000 sotc1050 dillc1175 dulta1225 simplea1325 heavy1340 astonedc1374 sheepishc1380 dull-witteda1387 lourd1390 steerishc1411 ass-likea1425 brainless?a1439 deafc1440 sluggishc1450 short-witted1477 obtuse1509 peakish1519 wearish1519 deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520 doileda1522 gross1526 headlessa1530 stulty1532 ass-headed1533 pot-headed1533 stupid?1541 sheep's head1542 doltish1543 dumpish1545 assish1548 blockish1548 slow-witted1548 blockheaded1549 surd1551 dull-headed1552 hammer-headed1552 skit-brained?1553 buzzardly1561 witless1562 log-headeda1566 assy1566 sottish1566 dastardly1567 stupidious1567 beetle-headed1570 calvish1570 bluntish1578 cod's-headed1578 grout-headed1578 bedaft1579 dull-pated1580 blate1581 buzzard-like1581 long-eared1582 dullard1583 woodena1586 duncical1588 leaden-headed1589 buzzard1592 dorbellical1592 dunstical1592 heavy-headeda1593 shallow-brained1592 blunt-witted1594 mossy1597 Bœotian1598 clay-brained1598 fat1598 fat-witted1598 knotty-pated1598 stupidous1598 wit-lost1599 barren1600 duncifiedc1600 lourdish1600 stockish1600 thick1600 booby1603 leaden-pated1603 partless1603 thin-headed1603 leaden-skulledc1604 blockhead1606 frost-brained1606 ram-headed1608 beef-witted1609 insulse1609 leaden-spirited1609 asininec1610 clumse1611 blockheadly1612 wattle-headed1613 flata1616 logger-headeda1616 puppy-headeda1616 shallow-patedc1616 thick-brained1619 half-headed1621 buzzard-blinda1625 beef-brained1628 toom-headed1629 thick-witted1634 woollen-witted1635 squirrel-headed1637 clod-pated1639 lean-souled1639 muddy-headed1642 leaden-witteda1645 as sad as any mallet1645 under-headed1646 fat-headed1647 half-witted1647 insipid1651 insulsate1652 soft-headed1653 thick-skulleda1657 muddish1658 non-intelligent1659 whey-brained1660 sap-headed1665 timber-headed1666 leather-headeda1668 out of (one's) tree1669 boobily1673 thoughtless1673 lourdly1674 logger1675 unintelligenta1676 Bœotic1678 chicken-brained1678 under-witted1683 loggerhead1684 dunderheaded1692 unintelligible1694 buffle-headed1697 crassicc1700 numbskulled1707 crassous1708 doddy-polled1708 haggis-headed1715 niddy-noddy1722 muzzy1723 pudding-headed1726 sumphish1728 pitcher-souleda1739 duncey1743 hebete1743 chuckheaded1756 dumb1756 duncely1757 imbecile1766 mutton-headed1768 chuckle-headed1770 jobbernowl1770 dowfarta1774 boobyish1778 wittol1780 staumrel1787 opaquec1789 stoopid1791 mud-headed1793 borné1795 muzzy-headed1798 nog-headed1800 thick-headed1801 gypit1804 duncish1805 lightweight1809 numbskull1814 tup-headed1816 chuckle-pate1820 unintellectuala1821 dense1822 ninnyish1822 dunch1825 fozy1825 potato-headed1826 beef-headed1828 donkeyish1831 blockheadish1833 pinheaded1837 squirrel-minded1837 pumpkin-headed1838 tomfoolish1838 dundering1840 chicken-headed1842 like a bump on a log1842 ninny-minded1849 numbheadeda1852 nincompoopish1852 suet-brained1852 dolly1853 mullet-headed1853 sodden1853 fiddle-headed1854 numb1854 bovine1855 logy1859 crass1861 unsmart1861 off his chump1864 wooden-headed1865 stupe1866 lean-minded1867 duffing1869 cretinous1871 doddering1871 thick-head1873 doddling1874 stupido1879 boneheaded1883 woolly-headed1883 leaden-natured1889 suet-headed1890 sam-sodden1891 dopey1896 turnip-headed1898 bonehead1903 wool-witted1905 peanut-headed1906 peanut-brained1907 dilly1909 torpid-minded1909 retardate1912 nitwitted1917 meat-headed1918 mug1922 cloth-headed1925 loopy1925 nitwit1928 lame-brained1929 dead from the neck up1930 simpy1932 nail-headed1936 square-headed1936 dingbats1937 pinhead1939 dim-witted1940 pea-brained1942 clueless1943 lobotomized1943 retarded1949 pointy-headed1950 clottish1952 like a stunned mullet1953 silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954 out to lunch1955 pin-brained1958 dozy1959 eejity1964 out of one's tiny mind1965 doofus1967 twitty1967 twittish1969 twatty1975 twattish1976 blur1977 dof1979 goofus1981 dickheaded1991 dickish1991 numpty1992 cockish1996 a1000 Ecgberti Confessionale §40 Gif man awiht blodiges þicge on healf-sodenum [MSS. X.Y. sam-sodenum] mete. 1825 J. Jennings Observ. Dial. W. Eng. 85 Any thing heated for a long time in a low heat so as to be in part spoiled, is said to be zamzodden. 1891 ‘Q’ Noughts & Crosses 97 I'm afeard you'm o' no account,..but sam-sodden if I may say so. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1909; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < prefixa1000
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