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单词 sclerosis
释义

sclerosisn.

/sklɪəˈrəʊsɪs/
Forms: Also Middle English–1600s sclirosis.
Etymology: medieval Latin (written sclirosis in Alphita, 15th cent.), < Greek σκλήρωσις , < σκληροῦν to harden, < σκληρός hard: see -osis suffix.
1. Pathology.
a. A hard external tumour. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [noun] > tumour > hard tumour
sclerosis1398
scirrhus1565
scirrhe?a1591
scirrhoma1601
nodea1610
scleriasis1684
sclerocele1811
scleroma1857
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) vii. lix. 274 Of melancolia comyth a postume, and yf the matere is all wythout the postume highte Sclirosis.
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 222 Ofte þer comeþ þerof sclirosis or a festre.
b. A morbid hardening of any tissue or structure.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > alteration of tissue > hardening
scirrhosity1598
sclerosis1846
sclerema1858
1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. i. i. f. 7/2 And there is a pannicle compouned in ye eye called sclirosis.
1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. sig. +.vv/2 Table, Sclerosis.
1846 G. E. Day tr. J. F. Simon Animal Chem. II. 411 Sclerosis. Ragsky has analysed bone in several cases of this affection.
1879 F. J. Bumstead & R. W. Taylor Pathol. & Treatm. Venereal Dis. (rev. ed.) iii. xvi. 593 Sclerosis of the tongue is most frequent about the fifth year of syphilis.
1879 R. N. Khory Digest Med. 111 This inflammation occurs in the liver or the kidneys where it is known as cirrhosis, when in the brain or cord, it is called sclerosis.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 642 There was diffuse sclerosis [of the spinal cord].
2. Botany. (See quot. 1887.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > cell > parts of cell > cell wall and parts > hardening of
sclerosis1884
1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 28 When..a hardening of the wall thus occurs, this process will for the future be indicated by the term Sclerosis.
1887 H. E. F. Garnsey & I. B. Balfour tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Morphol. & Biol. Fungi 499 Sclerosis, induration of a tissue or a cell-wall either by thickening of the membranes or by their lignification.
3. figurative. Rigidity, excessive resistance to change.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > bias, prejudice > dislike of change, reaction > [noun]
reaction1792
statu quo-ism1834
retrogradism1849
reactionism1857
misoneism1886
reactionaryism1907
reactionariness1908
Blimpism1937
blimpery1940
immobilism1949
sclerosis1954
1954 B. North & R. North tr. M. Duverger Polit. Parties i. ii. 89 Such a drying-up of new recruits is the symptom of a serious sclerosis.
1958 Times 11 Aug. 2/5 All the world knows that he was faced with the problem of revitalizing a good tradition that was beginning to suffer from sclerosis.
1966 S. H. Beaver tr. J. Beaujeu-Garnier Geogr. Population x. 228 Research work..has shown the parallelism that exists between the sclerosis of social structures and the high proportion of marriages between first cousins.
1977 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 14 July 35/2 Popovic saw his harassment as a symptom of the ideological sclerosis which is increasing with Tito's age.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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