scapen.¹

Brit.

/skeɪp/, U.S.

/skeɪp/

Forms: Also Middle English schap, Middle English–1500s skape.

Etymology: Aphetic variant of escape n.¹

1. An act of escaping; = escape n.¹ archaic. Now chiefly in hairbreadth scape, after Shakespeare: see hairbreadth n. (Often written 'scape.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [noun]

scapea1300

escapec1300

escapingc1325

scapingc1374

evasiona1464

escapal1634

escapement1824

lam1897

a1300 Cursor Mundi 23730 All sal we rin into his rape, we wat þat þar mai li na scape.

a1400 K. Alis. (Bodl.) 4273 He haþ ylore his foo..And bymeneþ his skape sore.

c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. ij/2 That the sherefs of london bee amerced for a scape of thefes at C. s. only.

1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth xiii. f. 48 You shall seldome see a Russe a traueller, except he be with some Ambassadour, or that he make a scape out of his Countrie.

1653 D. Osborne Lett. to Sir W. Temple (2002) 69 But a Propos de Monsieur Smith, what a scape has he made of my Lady Banbury.

1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall v. 80 To hold long subsistence, seems but a scape in oblivion.

1739 G. Ogle Gualtherus & Griselda 77 How great our Scape, who never yet knew Man!

1897 Church Quarterly 11 The romantic scapes..of St. Athanasius gave birth to no literature of song and legend like the wanderings of Prince Charlie.

†2. A transgression due to thoughtlessness; also, with different notion, a breaking out from moral restraint, an outrageous sin; often applied to a breach of chastity. Cf. escape n.¹ 7. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > erring > [noun] > instance

falla1225

scapec1440

lapse1582

slip1601

stumble1702

society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > [noun] > moral fall or lapse

falla1225

scapec1440

surreption1536

prolapsion1581

lapse1582

slip1601

stumble1702

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > kinds of sin > [noun] > mortal

head sinOE

capital vicec1522

capital sin1550

scapea1592

cardinal sin1603

society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [noun] > transgression or offending > a transgression > great or extreme

excess14..

enormity1477

scapea1592

c1440 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 3 He, wepynge hys dedis and reducyng to mynde the scapis of his yougth and ignoraunces.

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 60 b Maydens that haue made a scape are commonly called to bee nurses.

a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. D4^v My lord pardon vs, we knew not what you were, But courtiers may make greater skapes than these.

1592 R. Greene Disput. Conny-catcher sig. C^v The old Croane..sayd the childe was hers, and so saued her daughters scape.

1598 J. Marston Certaine Satyres in Metamorph. Pigmalions Image 78 Slight scapes are whipt, but damned deeds are praised.

a1656 J. Hales Golden Remains (1659) i. 98 Men are universally more apt from the errors and scapes of good men to draw apologies for their own.

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd ii. 189 Then lay'st thy scapes on names ador'd, Apollo, Neptune, Jupiter, or Pan.

1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 560 One miscarriage, one scape in bad company, will not quite undo me.

†3. An inadvertent mistake; esp. a slip of the tongue or a clerical error, a ‘fault escaped’; = escape n.¹ 6. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > incorrectness of language > [noun] > instance of

scape1565

solecism1577

solœcophanes1583

slip1620

cacemphaton1622

acyrological1623

impropriety1685

incorrectnessa1771

Kiplingism1803

ingrammaticism1888

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > lack of truth, falsity > an error, mistake > [noun] > of inadvertence

oversight1531

overslip1584

scape1669

bevue1716

escape1844

Freudian slip1959

1565 J. Jewel Replie Hardinges Answeare To Rdr. ⁋3^v To consider better the ouersightes, and scapes of his former Booke.

a1600 R. Hooker Learned Disc. (1612) 68 Let no man..thinke himselfe..alwaies freed from scapes and oversights in his speech.

1613 E. Hoby Counter-snarle 33 Such scapes oftentimes happen, when the Author himselfe cannot attend the presse.

1669 S. Sturmy Summary of Penalties & Forfeitures in Mariners Mag. 11 Such As poyson all they see, foul all they touch, And on Mechanick Scapes forge Arts detraction.

1705 J. Blair in W. S. Perry Hist. Coll. Amer. Colonial Church: Virginia (1870) I. 153 Involuntary Scapes of Transcription excepted.

†a. to let a scape: to break wind. (See also escape n.¹ 4b) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > action of breaking wind > break wind [verb (intransitive)]

fartOE

fistc1440

to let a scape1549

to break wind1552

crepitate1623

crack1653

poop1689

roar1897

poot1940

1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Niv I for my parte, through laughter, had almost let goe a skape, as Priapus did.

1577 T. Kendall tr. Politianus et al. Flowers of Epigrammes f. 104 She would not misse her fistyng curre for any thyng: and why? Forsothe when so she letts a scape, she cries me, fie curre, fie.

1618 P. Holderus tr. J. van Oldenbarneveld Barneuel's Apol. sig. B2^v This is the language of dissimulation, with whom a scape passes for currant, vnder the name of coughing.

1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 584 To let a fart or let a scape.

b. The steam from an escape pipe. U.S.

ΚΠ

1878 J. H. Beadle Western Wilds xxiii. 373 Steamboat Spring, from which the water bursts forth at brief intervals with a loud ‘cough’ like the ‘scape’ of a slowly moving distant steam-boat.

†5. plural ? Grapes that have been left ungathered.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > picking or gathering > [noun] > grape-picking or harvest > ungathered grapes

scape1607

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 667 In some Countries they also giue them [sc. swine] the scapes or refuse Grapes of Vintage.

6. = scapement n. Cf. scape v.² and scape-wheel.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > part(s) of

nut1428

peise1428

plumbc1450

Jack1498

clockwork1516

larum1542

Jack of the clockhouse1563

watch-wheel1568

work1570

plummeta1578

Jack of the clock1581

snail-cam1591

snail-work1591

pointer1596

quarter jack1604

mainspring1605

winder1606

notch-wheel1611

fusee1622

count-wheel1647

jack-wheel1647

frame1658

arbor1659

balance1660

fuse1674

hour-figure1675

stop1675

pallet1676

regulator1676

cock1678

movement1678

detent1688

savage1690

clock1696

pinwheel1696

starred wheel1696

swing-wheel1696

warning-wheel1696

watch1696

watch-part1696

hoop-wheel1704

hour-wheel1704

snail1714

step-wheel1714

tide-work1739

train1751

crutch1753

cannon pinion1764

rising board1769

remontoire1774

escapement1779

clock jack1784

locking plate1786

scapement1789

motion work1795

anchor escapement1798

scape1798

star-wheel1798

recoil escapement1800

recoiling pallet1801

recoiling scapement1801

cannon1802

hammer-tail1805

recoiling escapement1805

bottle jack1810

renovating spring1812

quarter-boy1815

pin tooth1817

solar wheel1819

impulse-teeth1825

pendulum wheel1825

pallet arbor1826

rewinder1826

rack hook1829

snail-wheel1831

quarter bell1832

tow1834

star pulley1836

watch train1838

clock train1843

raising-piece1843

wheelwork1843

gravity escapement1850

jumper1850

vertical escapement1850

time train1853

pin pallet1860

spade1862

dead well1867

stop-work1869

ringer1873

strike-or-silent1875

warning-piece1875

guard-pin1879

pendulum cock1881

warning-lever1881

beat-pin1883

fusee-piece1884

fusee-snail1884

shutter1884

tourbillion1884

tumbler1884

virgule1884

foliot1899

grasshopper1899

grasshopper escapement1899

trunk1899

pin lever1908

clock spring1933

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > other specific mechanisms

stop?1523

clockwork1652

sector1715

rackwork1755

scapement1789

scape1798

safety catch1827

controller1836

dog1840

Geneva stop1841

Maltese cross1852

throw-off1852

gearhead1869

tripper1870

Scotch yoke1880

Geneva movement1881

belt-tightener1882

watch1882

selector1890

Geneva wheel1891

throw-out1894

Geneva motion1897

horse-geara1899

Geneva mechanism1903

safety catch1904

Geneva drive1913

Geneva1919

Possum1961

1798 Trans. Soc. Arts 16 312 Exactly like those of a common clock with the dead scape.

Compounds

† scape-door n. Obsolete a door through which to escape, a means of escape.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [noun] > means of escape > specifically a door

scape-door1607

escape hatch1925

1607 S. Hieron Def. Ministers Reasons 44 To himselfe a scapedoore to flie out at.

scape-pipe n. U.S. = escape-pipe n. at escape n.¹ Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] > steam > aperture for

scape-pipe1838

eduction1839

nozzle1839

port1839

exhaust1848

porthole1854

1838 E. Flagg Far West I. 51 The stern roar of the scape~pipe, gave evidence of the fearful power summoned up to overcome the flood.

1876 ‘M. Twain’ Old Times 132 Presently tall columns of steam burst from the 'scape-pipes of both steamers.

1882 Harper's Mag. Jan. 169/2 Aft of the pilot-house the twin ‘'scape-pipes’ rise from the engine room.

1949 E. Hungerford Wells Fargo 22 This craft, in her neat coat of immaculate white, and her yellow stacks, 'scape pipes and upper works, and her gayly striped paddle-houses, was a pretty sight.

scape-spring n. a spring that is automatically liberated when its action is required.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > part of > spring

spring1428

sprent1511

gin1591

resort1598

worm1724

worm-spring1730

scape-spring1825

leaf spring1855

blade-spring1863

nest spring1866

tension spring1877

coil spring1890

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 512 Fig. 518 represents a side view of the scape-spring which locks the wheel.

scape-wheel n. = escape-wheel n. at escape n.¹ Compounds.

ΚΠ

1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 85 Thus the motion begun by the weight is transported to the scape wheel.

1877 Encycl. Brit. VI. 18/2 The scape-wheel tooth does not overtake the face of the pallet immediately.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scapen.²

Brit.

/skeɪp/, U.S.

/skeɪp/

Etymology: < Latin scāpus, < Greek (Doric) σκᾶπος (Hesych.), cognate with σκῆπτρον sceptre n. Compare French scape , Spanish escapo . See also scapus n.

1. Architecture. The shaft of a column. (With reference to the alleged sense = apophyge n., see escape n.²)

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [noun] > shaft of column

verge1412

shaft1483

scapus1563

trunk1563

scape1663

tige1664

fust1665

shank1736

escape1845

1663 W. Charleton Chorea Gigantum 20 From the third part of their Scape, or lower part, upward.

1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 1030 Scape or Scapus, the shaft of a column; also the little hollow, above or below, which connects the shaft with the base, or with the fillet under the astragal.

†2. The tongue of a balance. Obsolete. [So Latin scapus trutinae is explained by Cooper 1565; Lewis & Short render it ‘beam’.]

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > equipment for weighing > [noun] > a weighing apparatus > a balance > tongue of a balance

moment of a balancea1382

tongue1429

languet1483

clefa1513

needle1589

cock1611

trial1611

scape1633

pin1639

examen1719

1633 G. Herbert Justice in Temple ii The beam and scape Did like some tott'ring engine show.

3. Botany. A long flower-stalk rising directly from the root or rhizome; †gen., a stem or stalk.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > stem or stalk > [noun]

stealc700

stemc888

spirea1000

stalka1366

caulc1420

codd?1440

stalec1440

thighc1440

shank1513

pipe?1523

start?1523

spindle1577

leg1597

scape1601

haulm1623

caulicle1657

culm1657

thyrse1658

scapus1704

stemlet1838

stam1839

caulis1861

caulome1875

tige1900

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xiii. xi. 392 The scape or stalke that ariseth from it hath three sides with three corners triangle-wise.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xv. 172 Ribwort Plantain has..the scape angulate, and twisted.

1824 J. Barnet in Trans. Hort. Soc. London (1826) 6 152 The scapes are short, generally half the length of the leaf-stalk.

1885 G. L. Goodale in A. Gray & G. L. Goodale Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) II. ii. xii. 384 The scapes of many plants develop at a rapid rate.

attributive.1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 32 Draba rupestris..scape-leaf 1 or 0.

4. Ornithology. (See quot. 1872.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > feather > [noun] > part of

pen1381

quill?a1425

dowlc1535

rib1545

web1575

pilec1600

twill1664

beard1688

pinion1691

vane1713

shaft1748

beardlet1804

medulla1826

barb1835

barbule1835

stem1845

feather-pulp1859

aftershaft1867

barbicel1869

filament1870

vexillum1871

scape1872

rachis1874

harl1877

calamus1878

radius1882

ramus1882

scapus1882

cilia1884

1872 E. Coues Key to N. Amer. Birds 2 A perfect feather consists of a main stem, or scape (scapus..), and a supplementary stem or aftershaft.

5. Entomology. (See quots.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > [noun] > member of > parts of > antenna > first joint of antenna

scape1826

scapus1826

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxiii. 366 Scapus (the Scape). The first and in many cases the most conspicuous joint of the Antennæ. It includes the Bulbus.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. xxxiv. 515 The scape, or first joint, by means of the bulb inosculates in the torulus, or is suspended to it.

1898 A. S. Packard Text-bk. Entomol. 57 In the more specialized forms it [the antenna] is divided into the scape, the pedicel, and a flagellum (or clavola).

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scapen.³

Brit.

/skeɪp/, U.S.

/skeɪp/

Etymology: Back-formation < landscape n.; compare -scape comb. form and scape n.⁴

= landscape n. Also in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > [noun] > view or scenery

regardc1500

prospect1573

discovery1587

prospective1599

perspective1612

landscape?a1645

vista1657

coup d'œil1739

scape1773

survey1821

outlook1828

eyeshot1860

outscape1868

1773 G. White Let. 9 Dec. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 163 Mr. Ray..was so ravished with the prospect from Plumpton-plain, near Lewes, that he mentions those scapes in his ‘Wisdom of God in the Works of the Creation’ with the utmost satisfaction.

1776 G. White Let. to J. White in Nat. Hist. Selborne 9 Aug. He first of all sketches his scapes with a lead pencil.

1853 J. W. Warter Paroch. Fragments W. Tarring 362 During the ten years I have lived hard by the Downs, I have never seen a single dotterel on their scapes, much less a trip of them.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scapen.⁴

Brit.

/skeɪp/, U.S.

/skeɪp/

Etymology: Origin unknown: perhaps < scape n.³ (see inscape n.).

In the terminology of G. M. Hopkins: a reflection or impression of the individual quality of a thing or action.

ΚΠ

1883 G. M. Hopkins Serm. & Devotional Writings (1959) ii. ii. 136 Our action leaves in our minds scapes or species, the extreme ‘intention’ or instressing of which would be painful.

1883 G. M. Hopkins Serm. & Devotional Writings (1959) ii. ii. 136 The soul then can be instressed in the species or scape of any bodily action..and so towards the species or scape of any object, as of sight, sound, taste, smell.

1948 W. A. M. Peters G. M. Hopkins i. 2 The suffix ‘scape’ in ‘landscape’..posits the presence of a unifying principle which enables us to consider part of the countryside..as a unit..but so that this part is perceived to carry the typical properties of the actually individed whole... ‘Scape’ comes to stand for that being which is an exact copy or reflection of the individual whole on which it is dependent for its existence.

Derivatives

scaped adj.

ΚΠ

1868 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 170 The types of the two thieves..were in the wholeness and general scape of the anatomy original and interesting. (The prominence of the peculiar square-scaped drapery etc. in Holbein and his contemporaries is remarkable.)

ˈscaping n.

ΚΠ

1869 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 194 It is just the things which produce dead impressions, which the mind..has made nothing of and brought into no scaping, that force themselves up in this way afterwards.

1874 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 245 I saw also a good engraving of his Vintage Festival, which impressed the thought one would also gather from Rembrandt..of a master of scaping rather than of inscape. For the vigorous rhetorical but realistic and unaffected scaping holds everything but no arch~inscape is thought of.

ˈscapish adj.

ΚΠ

1874 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 247 W. L. Wylie—Goodwin Sands—Fiery truthful rainbow-end; green slimy races of piers; all clean, atmospheric, truthful, and scapish.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1982; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scapev.¹

Brit.

/skeɪp/, U.S.

/skeɪp/

Forms: Middle English scapie, Middle English scap, skape, Middle English skap, schap(e, Middle English scope, Middle English–1500s skape, Middle English scappe, sckap, shape, skapp(e, Middle English–1500s Scottish schaip, 1500s–1600s scaipe, 1800s dialect sceape, Middle English– scape. Also Middle English–1500s strong past tense scope, skope, Middle English skepe.

Etymology: Aphetic variant of escape v. Frequent in prose use till near the end of the 17th cent.; subsequently only archaic and poetic, and often written 'scape.

= escape v. in its various senses.

a. intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [verb (intransitive)]

atfareOE

atcomec1220

atstertc1220

atrouta1250

ascape1250

astart1250

atblenchc1275

scapec1275

aschapec1300

fleec1300

ofscapea1325

escapec1330

overfleea1382

to get awaya1400

slipa1400

starta1400

skiftc1440

eschewc1450

withstartec1460

rida1470

chape1489

to flee (one's) touch?1515

evadea1522

betwynde?1534

to make out1558

outscape1562

outslip1600

to come off1630

c1275 Laȝamon Brut 826 Ne lete ȝe nanne cwicke scapie to felde.

1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 10667 For he ne shulde skape by þe weye, He dyd on hym, bondes for to leye.

13.. Gosp. Nicod. (Add. MS.) 240 Pilate saide: ‘is þis he þat herode pursewed soo?’ ‘Ȝha’, þai saide, ‘pardye, and ȝit he skappid hym fro’.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5009 For þar vs tok þe hei baili, To scap [Gött. schap, Trin Cambr. skape] wit gisel war we fain.

a1400–50 Alexander 3915 And many scopid in þe scoghe without scath mare.

c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 155 Mony ladde þer forth-lep to laue & to kest, Scopen out þe scaþel water, þat fayn scape wolde.

c1450 Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 141 Yf thou be gylty thou mayst not schape.

1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) xlvii. 181 He was ryght wrooth and sory that she was scaped soo from hym.

1506 tr. Kalender of Shepherdes sig. O.i^v She shall be syke in the age of .v. yere she shall be in daungere of dethe: and yf she skape [1503 shappys] she may leue tyll .xliij. yere.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. v. f. v^v One tytle of the lawe shall not scape, tyll all be fulfilled. [So 1557 (Geneva).]

1540 Bible (Great) 1 Sam. xiv. 41 Saul and Jonathas were caught, but the people skaped free.

1573 J. Davidson Breif Commendatioun Vprichtnes xl. 163 Thay fryit in furie that he schaipit quick.

1637 J. Milton Comus 28 What, have you let the false enchanter scape?

c1639 W. Mure Psalmes cxxxix. 7 in Wks. (1898) II. 214 Where from thy spirit shall I scaipe? Where from thy presence flee?

1665 R. Hooke Micrographia Pref. sig. D How difficult it will be for any..to scape from being discover'd.

1692 R. L'Estrange Fables lxxi. 70 In the case of a Battle, where the Soldier grows Every day less apprehensive of the Hazzard, by seeing so many People Scape.

1744 J. Armstrong Art of preserving Health iii. 96 Of many thousands few untainted 'scap'd; Of those infected fewer 'scap'd alive.

1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 831 The croaking nuisance lurk'd in ev'ry nook; Nor palaces, nor even chambers, 'scap'd.

1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. i. 89 Lightning, scaped from its own proper place.

β. strong past tense.c1450 Mirk's Festial 257 So þat noþyng lafte saue þe kyng, þat vnneþe scope, and a ȝeong sonne of his wyfe.1480 W. Caxton Trevisa's Higden (Rolls) VIII. 534 But he scope fro hem in to his lordes place.1536 in State Papers Henry VIII (1834) II. 352 They scaled the bridge, which thothers perceyvyng, scope oute at thother ende therof.1538 in State Papers Henry VIII (1834) III. 19 Your son Bartholomew scope then hapy, for he was with Aylmer.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13541 Thus I skope fro the skathe with skyrme of my hondes.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13616 Aschatus þen skepe furth with his skire wordis.

b. transitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > escape > escape from [verb (transitive)]

atwendOE

atwindc1000

overfleeOE

to come out of ——lOE

atstertc1220

atbreak?c1225

aschapea1300

scapea1300

aslipc1325

escape1340

atscapea1350

astartc1374

to wade out ofc1386

starta1400

withscapea1400

withslipa1400

atwapec1400

to get out of ——a1470

evite1503

outstart1513

to get from ——1530

rid1615

skip1630

a1300 Cursor Mundi 29260 Þe man..mai noght þis cursing scape.

c1386 G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale 1151 Now is she scaped al hire auenture.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 295 No day schulde hym scape þat he nolde rede, write, oþer declare riȝtwisnesse.

a1400 K. Alis. (Bodl.) 7735 Myne honde ne skapeþ he neuermore.

c1440 Generydes 2849 I see noo cause, for we shall do right wele And skape ther handes, doughte ye neuer a dele.

c1450 Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 223 For trewly I am so woundyrly seke I may nevyr schape this grett seknes.

1547 tr. A. de Marcourt Bk. Marchauntes (new ed.) b j Nothynge scapeth them, but at their plasures [sic] they occupi it.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 37^v It is sowed in April or later, in May, to scape the frostes.

1593 J. Udall tr. P. Martinius Key Holy Tongue i. Printer's Note sig. N7^v The Typographical faultes, which perhaps have scaped us.

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xc. sig. F3^v Ah doe not, when my heart hath scapte this sorrow, Come in the rereward of a conquerd woe.

1614 T. Danett's tr. P. de Commynes's Hist. (new ed.) iv. xi. 130 I maruelled to heare such a word scape [1596 passe; 1601 escape] him.

1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §93 (1699) 148 Courage in an ill-bred Man, has the Air, and scapes not the Opinion of Brutality.

1710 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 14 Dec. (1948) I. 126 If Patrick had been at home I should have scaped this; for I have taught him to deny me almost as well as Mr. Harley's porter.

1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 185 While we retrace with mem'ry's pointing wand,..The dangers we have 'scaped.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Guinevere in Idylls of King 243 Pray for him that he scape the doom of fire.

1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 75 Ye mounts Where I climb to 'scape my fellow.

Compounds

The verb-stem occurs in objective combinations. Also scapegrace n. and adj., scapethrift n.

scape-gallows n. one who has escaped the gallows though deserving it.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > roguery > rogue > [noun] > worthy of hanging > but has escaped

scape-Tyburn1602

rope runnera1625

slip-halter1659

slip-gibbet1785

scape-gallows1799

society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > roguery, knavery, or rascalry > [noun] > rogue, knave, or rascal > worthy of hanging > escaped hanging

rope runnera1625

slip-halter1659

slip-gibbet1785

scape-gallows1799

1799 G. Washington Writings (1893) XIV. 154 The scape-gallowses of the large cities.

1838 Blackwood's Mag. 43 520 The Whigs now support all the scape-graces, and some~times scape-gallowses.

† scape-sermon n. Obsolete an excuse for not preaching a sermon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [noun] > avoiding an action or condition > avoiding duty, work, or exertion > evasion of responsibility, obligation, etc. > an act or means of

evasionc1425

put-by1548

put-off1548

subterfuge1581

scape-sermon1654

offput1730

come-offa1836

bypass1957

body swerve1984

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. xiii. 167 Thirdly, I believe that Mr. Curate was not provided, and that's enough at any time, for a scape Sermon.

† scape-Tyburn n. Obsolete = scape-gallows n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > roguery > rogue > [noun] > worthy of hanging > but has escaped

scape-Tyburn1602

rope runnera1625

slip-halter1659

slip-gibbet1785

scape-gallows1799

1602 F. Herring tr. J. Oberndorf Anatomyes True Physition 4 Scape-Tibornes, Dog-leeches, and such like baggage.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scapev.²

Brit.

/skeɪp/, U.S.

/skeɪp/

Etymology: Back-formation < scapement n.

Horology.

intransitive. Of an escapement or one of its parts: To perform its function (in a certain manner).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [verb (intransitive)] > perform or fail (of parts)

scape1742

trip1850

overbank1861

1742 Philos. Trans. 1739–40 (Royal Soc.) 41 126 The teeth of the swing wheel would scape free of the pallets.

1762 W. Hirst in Philos. Trans. 1761 (Royal Soc.) 52 396 It did not stop in winding up, and scaped dead seconds.

1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 34 The pallets ‘scape’ over three teeth of the wheel.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scapeint.n.

Brit.

/skeɪp/, U.S.

/skeɪp/

Etymology: Imitative.

A conventional imitation of the cry of the snipe when flushed (also used for the brambling's call). Hence as n. as a nickname for the snipe.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Scolopacidae (snipes, etc.) > [interjection] > call of snipe

scape1862

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > arboreal families > family Fringillidae (finch) > [interjection] > sound made by brambling

scape1862

1862 G. H. Kingsley Notes Sport & Trav. (1900) 380 The..half-frozen sedges in which one kills friend Scape at home.

1870 H. Stevenson Birds of Norfolk II. 324 Its warning cry of ‘scape, scape’ on rising attracted my notice.

1903 Westm. Gaz. 25 Nov. 2/3 Sceape! Sceape! a sudden gleam of mottled grey Rising from nowhere wings its wizard flight.

1962 Times 6 Nov. 14/4 The bramblings' harsh and nasal call-note, usually written ‘scape’.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : -scapecomb. form

n.¹a1300

n.²1601

n.³1773

n.⁴1868

v.¹c1275

v.²1742

int.n.1862

单词	scape
释义	scapen.¹ Brit. /skeɪp/, U.S. /skeɪp/ Forms: Also Middle English schap, Middle English–1500s skape. Etymology: Aphetic variant of escape n.¹ 1. An act of escaping; = escape n.¹ archaic. Now chiefly in hairbreadth scape, after Shakespeare: see hairbreadth n. (Often written 'scape.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [noun] scapea1300 escapec1300 escapingc1325 scapingc1374 evasiona1464 escapal1634 escapement1824 lam1897 a1300 Cursor Mundi 23730 All sal we rin into his rape, we wat þat þar mai li na scape. a1400 K. Alis. (Bodl.) 4273 He haþ ylore his foo..And bymeneþ his skape sore. c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. ij/2 That the sherefs of london bee amerced for a scape of thefes at C. s. only. 1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth xiii. f. 48 You shall seldome see a Russe a traueller, except he be with some Ambassadour, or that he make a scape out of his Countrie. 1653 D. Osborne Lett. to Sir W. Temple (2002) 69 But a Propos de Monsieur Smith, what a scape has he made of my Lady Banbury. 1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall v. 80 To hold long subsistence, seems but a scape in oblivion. 1739 G. Ogle Gualtherus & Griselda 77 How great our Scape, who never yet knew Man! 1897 Church Quarterly 11 The romantic scapes..of St. Athanasius gave birth to no literature of song and legend like the wanderings of Prince Charlie. †2. A transgression due to thoughtlessness; also, with different notion, a breaking out from moral restraint, an outrageous sin; often applied to a breach of chastity. Cf. escape n.¹ 7. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > erring > [noun] > instance falla1225 scapec1440 lapse1582 slip1601 stumble1702 society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > [noun] > moral fall or lapse falla1225 scapec1440 surreption1536 prolapsion1581 lapse1582 slip1601 stumble1702 society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > kinds of sin > [noun] > mortal head sinOE capital vicec1522 capital sin1550 scapea1592 cardinal sin1603 society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [noun] > transgression or offending > a transgression > great or extreme excess14.. enormity1477 scapea1592 c1440 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 3 He, wepynge hys dedis and reducyng to mynde the scapis of his yougth and ignoraunces. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 60 b Maydens that haue made a scape are commonly called to bee nurses. a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. D4^v My lord pardon vs, we knew not what you were, But courtiers may make greater skapes than these. 1592 R. Greene Disput. Conny-catcher sig. C^v The old Croane..sayd the childe was hers, and so saued her daughters scape. 1598 J. Marston Certaine Satyres in Metamorph. Pigmalions Image 78 Slight scapes are whipt, but damned deeds are praised. a1656 J. Hales Golden Remains (1659) i. 98 Men are universally more apt from the errors and scapes of good men to draw apologies for their own. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd ii. 189 Then lay'st thy scapes on names ador'd, Apollo, Neptune, Jupiter, or Pan. View more context for this quotation 1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 560 One miscarriage, one scape in bad company, will not quite undo me. †3. An inadvertent mistake; esp. a slip of the tongue or a clerical error, a ‘fault escaped’; = escape n.¹ 6. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > incorrectness of language > [noun] > instance of scape1565 solecism1577 solœcophanes1583 slip1620 cacemphaton1622 acyrological1623 impropriety1685 incorrectnessa1771 Kiplingism1803 ingrammaticism1888 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > lack of truth, falsity > an error, mistake > [noun] > of inadvertence oversight1531 overslip1584 scape1669 bevue1716 escape1844 Freudian slip1959 1565 J. Jewel Replie Hardinges Answeare To Rdr. ⁋3^v To consider better the ouersightes, and scapes of his former Booke. a1600 R. Hooker Learned Disc. (1612) 68 Let no man..thinke himselfe..alwaies freed from scapes and oversights in his speech. 1613 E. Hoby Counter-snarle 33 Such scapes oftentimes happen, when the Author himselfe cannot attend the presse. 1669 S. Sturmy Summary of Penalties & Forfeitures in Mariners Mag. 11 Such As poyson all they see, foul all they touch, And on Mechanick Scapes forge Arts detraction. 1705 J. Blair in W. S. Perry Hist. Coll. Amer. Colonial Church: Virginia (1870) I. 153 Involuntary Scapes of Transcription excepted. 4. †a. to let a scape: to break wind. (See also escape n.¹ 4b) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > action of breaking wind > break wind [verb (intransitive)] fartOE fistc1440 to let a scape1549 to break wind1552 crepitate1623 crack1653 poop1689 roar1897 poot1940 1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Niv I for my parte, through laughter, had almost let goe a skape, as Priapus did. 1577 T. Kendall tr. Politianus et al. Flowers of Epigrammes f. 104 She would not misse her fistyng curre for any thyng: and why? Forsothe when so she letts a scape, she cries me, fie curre, fie. 1618 P. Holderus tr. J. van Oldenbarneveld Barneuel's Apol. sig. B2^v This is the language of dissimulation, with whom a scape passes for currant, vnder the name of coughing. 1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 584 To let a fart or let a scape. b. The steam from an escape pipe. U.S. ΚΠ 1878 J. H. Beadle Western Wilds xxiii. 373 Steamboat Spring, from which the water bursts forth at brief intervals with a loud ‘cough’ like the ‘scape’ of a slowly moving distant steam-boat. †5. plural ? Grapes that have been left ungathered. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > picking or gathering > [noun] > grape-picking or harvest > ungathered grapes scape1607 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 667 In some Countries they also giue them [sc. swine] the scapes or refuse Grapes of Vintage. 6. = scapement n. Cf. scape v.² and scape-wheel. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > part(s) of nut1428 peise1428 plumbc1450 Jack1498 clockwork1516 larum1542 Jack of the clockhouse1563 watch-wheel1568 work1570 plummeta1578 Jack of the clock1581 snail-cam1591 snail-work1591 pointer1596 quarter jack1604 mainspring1605 winder1606 notch-wheel1611 fusee1622 count-wheel1647 jack-wheel1647 frame1658 arbor1659 balance1660 fuse1674 hour-figure1675 stop1675 pallet1676 regulator1676 cock1678 movement1678 detent1688 savage1690 clock1696 pinwheel1696 starred wheel1696 swing-wheel1696 warning-wheel1696 watch1696 watch-part1696 hoop-wheel1704 hour-wheel1704 snail1714 step-wheel1714 tide-work1739 train1751 crutch1753 cannon pinion1764 rising board1769 remontoire1774 escapement1779 clock jack1784 locking plate1786 scapement1789 motion work1795 anchor escapement1798 scape1798 star-wheel1798 recoil escapement1800 recoiling pallet1801 recoiling scapement1801 cannon1802 hammer-tail1805 recoiling escapement1805 bottle jack1810 renovating spring1812 quarter-boy1815 pin tooth1817 solar wheel1819 impulse-teeth1825 pendulum wheel1825 pallet arbor1826 rewinder1826 rack hook1829 snail-wheel1831 quarter bell1832 tow1834 star pulley1836 watch train1838 clock train1843 raising-piece1843 wheelwork1843 gravity escapement1850 jumper1850 vertical escapement1850 time train1853 pin pallet1860 spade1862 dead well1867 stop-work1869 ringer1873 strike-or-silent1875 warning-piece1875 guard-pin1879 pendulum cock1881 warning-lever1881 beat-pin1883 fusee-piece1884 fusee-snail1884 shutter1884 tourbillion1884 tumbler1884 virgule1884 foliot1899 grasshopper1899 grasshopper escapement1899 trunk1899 pin lever1908 clock spring1933 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > other specific mechanisms stop?1523 clockwork1652 sector1715 rackwork1755 scapement1789 scape1798 safety catch1827 controller1836 dog1840 Geneva stop1841 Maltese cross1852 throw-off1852 gearhead1869 tripper1870 Scotch yoke1880 Geneva movement1881 belt-tightener1882 watch1882 selector1890 Geneva wheel1891 throw-out1894 Geneva motion1897 horse-geara1899 Geneva mechanism1903 safety catch1904 Geneva drive1913 Geneva1919 Possum1961 1798 Trans. Soc. Arts 16 312 Exactly like those of a common clock with the dead scape. Compounds † scape-door n. Obsolete a door through which to escape, a means of escape. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [noun] > means of escape > specifically a door scape-door1607 escape hatch1925 1607 S. Hieron Def. Ministers Reasons 44 To himselfe a scapedoore to flie out at. scape-pipe n. U.S. = escape-pipe n. at escape n.¹ Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] > steam > aperture for scape-pipe1838 eduction1839 nozzle1839 port1839 exhaust1848 porthole1854 1838 E. Flagg Far West I. 51 The stern roar of the scape~pipe, gave evidence of the fearful power summoned up to overcome the flood. 1876 ‘M. Twain’ Old Times 132 Presently tall columns of steam burst from the 'scape-pipes of both steamers. 1882 Harper's Mag. Jan. 169/2 Aft of the pilot-house the twin ‘'scape-pipes’ rise from the engine room. 1949 E. Hungerford Wells Fargo 22 This craft, in her neat coat of immaculate white, and her yellow stacks, 'scape pipes and upper works, and her gayly striped paddle-houses, was a pretty sight. scape-spring n. a spring that is automatically liberated when its action is required. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > mechanism > [noun] > part of > spring spring1428 sprent1511 gin1591 resort1598 worm1724 worm-spring1730 scape-spring1825 leaf spring1855 blade-spring1863 nest spring1866 tension spring1877 coil spring1890 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 512 Fig. 518 represents a side view of the scape-spring which locks the wheel. scape-wheel n. = escape-wheel n. at escape n.¹ Compounds. ΚΠ 1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 85 Thus the motion begun by the weight is transported to the scape wheel. 1877 Encycl. Brit. VI. 18/2 The scape-wheel tooth does not overtake the face of the pallet immediately. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scapen.² Brit. /skeɪp/, U.S. /skeɪp/ Etymology: < Latin scāpus, < Greek (Doric) σκᾶπος (Hesych.), cognate with σκῆπτρον sceptre n. Compare French scape , Spanish escapo . See also scapus n. 1. Architecture. The shaft of a column. (With reference to the alleged sense = apophyge n., see escape n.²) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [noun] > shaft of column verge1412 shaft1483 scapus1563 trunk1563 scape1663 tige1664 fust1665 shank1736 escape1845 1663 W. Charleton Chorea Gigantum 20 From the third part of their Scape, or lower part, upward. 1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 1030 Scape or Scapus, the shaft of a column; also the little hollow, above or below, which connects the shaft with the base, or with the fillet under the astragal. †2. The tongue of a balance. Obsolete. [So Latin scapus trutinae is explained by Cooper 1565; Lewis & Short render it ‘beam’.] ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > equipment for weighing > [noun] > a weighing apparatus > a balance > tongue of a balance moment of a balancea1382 tongue1429 languet1483 clefa1513 needle1589 cock1611 trial1611 scape1633 pin1639 examen1719 1633 G. Herbert Justice in Temple ii The beam and scape Did like some tott'ring engine show. 3. Botany. A long flower-stalk rising directly from the root or rhizome; †gen., a stem or stalk. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > stem or stalk > [noun] stealc700 stemc888 spirea1000 stalka1366 caulc1420 codd?1440 stalec1440 thighc1440 shank1513 pipe?1523 start?1523 spindle1577 leg1597 scape1601 haulm1623 caulicle1657 culm1657 thyrse1658 scapus1704 stemlet1838 stam1839 caulis1861 caulome1875 tige1900 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xiii. xi. 392 The scape or stalke that ariseth from it hath three sides with three corners triangle-wise. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xv. 172 Ribwort Plantain has..the scape angulate, and twisted. 1824 J. Barnet in Trans. Hort. Soc. London (1826) 6 152 The scapes are short, generally half the length of the leaf-stalk. 1885 G. L. Goodale in A. Gray & G. L. Goodale Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) II. ii. xii. 384 The scapes of many plants develop at a rapid rate. attributive.1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 32 Draba rupestris..scape-leaf 1 or 0. 4. Ornithology. (See quot. 1872.) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > feather > [noun] > part of pen1381 quill?a1425 dowlc1535 rib1545 web1575 pilec1600 twill1664 beard1688 pinion1691 vane1713 shaft1748 beardlet1804 medulla1826 barb1835 barbule1835 stem1845 feather-pulp1859 aftershaft1867 barbicel1869 filament1870 vexillum1871 scape1872 rachis1874 harl1877 calamus1878 radius1882 ramus1882 scapus1882 cilia1884 1872 E. Coues Key to N. Amer. Birds 2 A perfect feather consists of a main stem, or scape (scapus..), and a supplementary stem or aftershaft. 5. Entomology. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > [noun] > member of > parts of > antenna > first joint of antenna scape1826 scapus1826 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxiii. 366 Scapus (the Scape). The first and in many cases the most conspicuous joint of the Antennæ. It includes the Bulbus. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. xxxiv. 515 The scape, or first joint, by means of the bulb inosculates in the torulus, or is suspended to it. 1898 A. S. Packard Text-bk. Entomol. 57 In the more specialized forms it [the antenna] is divided into the scape, the pedicel, and a flagellum (or clavola). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scapen.³ Brit. /skeɪp/, U.S. /skeɪp/ Etymology: Back-formation < landscape n.; compare -scape comb. form and scape n.⁴ = landscape n. Also in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > [noun] > view or scenery regardc1500 prospect1573 discovery1587 prospective1599 view1606 perspective1612 landscape?a1645 vista1657 coup d'œil1739 scape1773 survey1821 outlook1828 eyeshot1860 outscape1868 1773 G. White Let. 9 Dec. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 163 Mr. Ray..was so ravished with the prospect from Plumpton-plain, near Lewes, that he mentions those scapes in his ‘Wisdom of God in the Works of the Creation’ with the utmost satisfaction. 1776 G. White Let. to J. White in Nat. Hist. Selborne 9 Aug. He first of all sketches his scapes with a lead pencil. 1853 J. W. Warter Paroch. Fragments W. Tarring 362 During the ten years I have lived hard by the Downs, I have never seen a single dotterel on their scapes, much less a trip of them. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scapen.⁴ Brit. /skeɪp/, U.S. /skeɪp/ Etymology: Origin unknown: perhaps < scape n.³ (see inscape n.). In the terminology of G. M. Hopkins: a reflection or impression of the individual quality of a thing or action. ΚΠ 1883 G. M. Hopkins Serm. & Devotional Writings (1959) ii. ii. 136 Our action leaves in our minds scapes or species, the extreme ‘intention’ or instressing of which would be painful. 1883 G. M. Hopkins Serm. & Devotional Writings (1959) ii. ii. 136 The soul then can be instressed in the species or scape of any bodily action..and so towards the species or scape of any object, as of sight, sound, taste, smell. 1948 W. A. M. Peters G. M. Hopkins i. 2 The suffix ‘scape’ in ‘landscape’..posits the presence of a unifying principle which enables us to consider part of the countryside..as a unit..but so that this part is perceived to carry the typical properties of the actually individed whole... ‘Scape’ comes to stand for that being which is an exact copy or reflection of the individual whole on which it is dependent for its existence. Derivatives scaped adj. ΚΠ 1868 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 170 The types of the two thieves..were in the wholeness and general scape of the anatomy original and interesting. (The prominence of the peculiar square-scaped drapery etc. in Holbein and his contemporaries is remarkable.) ˈscaping n. ΚΠ 1869 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 194 It is just the things which produce dead impressions, which the mind..has made nothing of and brought into no scaping, that force themselves up in this way afterwards. 1874 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 245 I saw also a good engraving of his Vintage Festival, which impressed the thought one would also gather from Rembrandt..of a master of scaping rather than of inscape. For the vigorous rhetorical but realistic and unaffected scaping holds everything but no arch~inscape is thought of. ˈscapish adj. ΚΠ 1874 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 247 W. L. Wylie—Goodwin Sands—Fiery truthful rainbow-end; green slimy races of piers; all clean, atmospheric, truthful, and scapish. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1982; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scapev.¹ Brit. /skeɪp/, U.S. /skeɪp/ Forms: Middle English scapie, Middle English scap, skape, Middle English skap, schap(e, Middle English scope, Middle English–1500s skape, Middle English scappe, sckap, shape, skapp(e, Middle English–1500s Scottish schaip, 1500s–1600s scaipe, 1800s dialect sceape, Middle English– scape. Also Middle English–1500s strong past tense scope, skope, Middle English skepe. Etymology: Aphetic variant of escape v. Frequent in prose use till near the end of the 17th cent.; subsequently only archaic and poetic, and often written 'scape. = escape v. in its various senses. a. intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [verb (intransitive)] atfareOE atcomec1220 atstertc1220 atrouta1250 ascape1250 astart1250 atblenchc1275 scapec1275 aschapec1300 fleec1300 ofscapea1325 escapec1330 overfleea1382 to get awaya1400 slipa1400 starta1400 skiftc1440 eschewc1450 withstartec1460 rida1470 chape1489 to flee (one's) touch?1515 evadea1522 betwynde?1534 to make out1558 outscape1562 outslip1600 to come off1630 c1275 Laȝamon Brut 826 Ne lete ȝe nanne cwicke scapie to felde. 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 10667 For he ne shulde skape by þe weye, He dyd on hym, bondes for to leye. 13.. Gosp. Nicod. (Add. MS.) 240 Pilate saide: ‘is þis he þat herode pursewed soo?’ ‘Ȝha’, þai saide, ‘pardye, and ȝit he skappid hym fro’. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5009 For þar vs tok þe hei baili, To scap [Gött. schap, Trin Cambr. skape] wit gisel war we fain. a1400–50 Alexander 3915 And many scopid in þe scoghe without scath mare. c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 155 Mony ladde þer forth-lep to laue & to kest, Scopen out þe scaþel water, þat fayn scape wolde. c1450 Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 141 Yf thou be gylty thou mayst not schape. 1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) xlvii. 181 He was ryght wrooth and sory that she was scaped soo from hym. 1506 tr. Kalender of Shepherdes sig. O.i^v She shall be syke in the age of .v. yere she shall be in daungere of dethe: and yf she skape [1503 shappys] she may leue tyll .xliij. yere. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. v. f. v^v One tytle of the lawe shall not scape, tyll all be fulfilled. [So 1557 (Geneva).] 1540 Bible (Great) 1 Sam. xiv. 41 Saul and Jonathas were caught, but the people skaped free. 1573 J. Davidson Breif Commendatioun Vprichtnes xl. 163 Thay fryit in furie that he schaipit quick. 1637 J. Milton Comus 28 What, have you let the false enchanter scape? c1639 W. Mure Psalmes cxxxix. 7 in Wks. (1898) II. 214 Where from thy spirit shall I scaipe? Where from thy presence flee? 1665 R. Hooke Micrographia Pref. sig. D How difficult it will be for any..to scape from being discover'd. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables lxxi. 70 In the case of a Battle, where the Soldier grows Every day less apprehensive of the Hazzard, by seeing so many People Scape. 1744 J. Armstrong Art of preserving Health iii. 96 Of many thousands few untainted 'scap'd; Of those infected fewer 'scap'd alive. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 831 The croaking nuisance lurk'd in ev'ry nook; Nor palaces, nor even chambers, 'scap'd. 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. i. 89 Lightning, scaped from its own proper place. β. strong past tense.c1450 Mirk's Festial 257 So þat noþyng lafte saue þe kyng, þat vnneþe scope, and a ȝeong sonne of his wyfe.1480 W. Caxton Trevisa's Higden (Rolls) VIII. 534 But he scope fro hem in to his lordes place.1536 in State Papers Henry VIII (1834) II. 352 They scaled the bridge, which thothers perceyvyng, scope oute at thother ende therof.1538 in State Papers Henry VIII (1834) III. 19 Your son Bartholomew scope then hapy, for he was with Aylmer.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13541 Thus I skope fro the skathe with skyrme of my hondes.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13616 Aschatus þen skepe furth with his skire wordis. b. transitive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > escape > escape from [verb (transitive)] atwendOE atwindc1000 overfleeOE to come out of ——lOE atstertc1220 atbreak?c1225 aschapea1300 scapea1300 aslipc1325 escape1340 atscapea1350 astartc1374 to wade out ofc1386 starta1400 withscapea1400 withslipa1400 atwapec1400 to get out of ——a1470 evite1503 outstart1513 to get from ——1530 rid1615 skip1630 a1300 Cursor Mundi 29260 Þe man..mai noght þis cursing scape. c1386 G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale 1151 Now is she scaped al hire auenture. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 295 No day schulde hym scape þat he nolde rede, write, oþer declare riȝtwisnesse. a1400 K. Alis. (Bodl.) 7735 Myne honde ne skapeþ he neuermore. c1440 Generydes 2849 I see noo cause, for we shall do right wele And skape ther handes, doughte ye neuer a dele. c1450 Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 223 For trewly I am so woundyrly seke I may nevyr schape this grett seknes. 1547 tr. A. de Marcourt Bk. Marchauntes (new ed.) b j Nothynge scapeth them, but at their plasures [sic] they occupi it. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 37^v It is sowed in April or later, in May, to scape the frostes. 1593 J. Udall tr. P. Martinius Key Holy Tongue i. Printer's Note sig. N7^v The Typographical faultes, which perhaps have scaped us. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xc. sig. F3^v Ah doe not, when my heart hath scapte this sorrow, Come in the rereward of a conquerd woe. View more context for this quotation 1614 T. Danett's tr. P. de Commynes's Hist. (new ed.) iv. xi. 130 I maruelled to heare such a word scape [1596 passe; 1601 escape] him. 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §93 (1699) 148 Courage in an ill-bred Man, has the Air, and scapes not the Opinion of Brutality. 1710 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 14 Dec. (1948) I. 126 If Patrick had been at home I should have scaped this; for I have taught him to deny me almost as well as Mr. Harley's porter. 1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 185 While we retrace with mem'ry's pointing wand,..The dangers we have 'scaped. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Guinevere in Idylls of King 243 Pray for him that he scape the doom of fire. 1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 75 Ye mounts Where I climb to 'scape my fellow. Compounds The verb-stem occurs in objective combinations. Also scapegrace n. and adj., scapethrift n. scape-gallows n. one who has escaped the gallows though deserving it. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > roguery > rogue > [noun] > worthy of hanging > but has escaped scape-Tyburn1602 rope runnera1625 slip-halter1659 slip-gibbet1785 scape-gallows1799 society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > roguery, knavery, or rascalry > [noun] > rogue, knave, or rascal > worthy of hanging > escaped hanging rope runnera1625 slip-halter1659 slip-gibbet1785 scape-gallows1799 1799 G. Washington Writings (1893) XIV. 154 The scape-gallowses of the large cities. 1838 Blackwood's Mag. 43 520 The Whigs now support all the scape-graces, and some~times scape-gallowses. † scape-sermon n. Obsolete an excuse for not preaching a sermon. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [noun] > avoiding an action or condition > avoiding duty, work, or exertion > evasion of responsibility, obligation, etc. > an act or means of evasionc1425 put-by1548 put-off1548 subterfuge1581 scape-sermon1654 offput1730 come-offa1836 bypass1957 body swerve1984 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. xiii. 167 Thirdly, I believe that Mr. Curate was not provided, and that's enough at any time, for a scape Sermon. † scape-Tyburn n. Obsolete = scape-gallows n. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > roguery > rogue > [noun] > worthy of hanging > but has escaped scape-Tyburn1602 rope runnera1625 slip-halter1659 slip-gibbet1785 scape-gallows1799 1602 F. Herring tr. J. Oberndorf Anatomyes True Physition 4 Scape-Tibornes, Dog-leeches, and such like baggage. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scapev.² Brit. /skeɪp/, U.S. /skeɪp/ Etymology: Back-formation < scapement n. Horology. intransitive. Of an escapement or one of its parts: To perform its function (in a certain manner). ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [verb (intransitive)] > perform or fail (of parts) scape1742 trip1850 overbank1861 1742 Philos. Trans. 1739–40 (Royal Soc.) 41 126 The teeth of the swing wheel would scape free of the pallets. 1762 W. Hirst in Philos. Trans. 1761 (Royal Soc.) 52 396 It did not stop in winding up, and scaped dead seconds. 1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 34 The pallets ‘scape’ over three teeth of the wheel. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scapeint.n. Brit. /skeɪp/, U.S. /skeɪp/ Etymology: Imitative. A conventional imitation of the cry of the snipe when flushed (also used for the brambling's call). Hence as n. as a nickname for the snipe. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Scolopacidae (snipes, etc.) > [interjection] > call of snipe scape1862 the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > arboreal families > family Fringillidae (finch) > [interjection] > sound made by brambling scape1862 1862 G. H. Kingsley Notes Sport & Trav. (1900) 380 The..half-frozen sedges in which one kills friend Scape at home. 1870 H. Stevenson Birds of Norfolk II. 324 Its warning cry of ‘scape, scape’ on rising attracted my notice. 1903 Westm. Gaz. 25 Nov. 2/3 Sceape! Sceape! a sudden gleam of mottled grey Rising from nowhere wings its wizard flight. 1962 Times 6 Nov. 14/4 The bramblings' harsh and nasal call-note, usually written ‘scape’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see also also refers to : -scapecomb. form < n.¹a1300n.²1601n.³1773n.⁴1868v.¹c1275v.²1742int.n.1862 see also
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