scavengen.

/ˈskavɪndʒ/

Etymology: < scavenge v.

1. = scavenging n. 2a. Frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > removal or expulsion of products or deposits

scavenging1894

exhaust1896

decarbonization1912

scavenge1912

decoke1962

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [adjective] > removing deposits

scavenging1894

scavenge1912

uniflow1949

1912 A. P. Chalkley Diesel Engines vi. 156 On the up stroke the scavenge ports..are closed before the exhaust ports.

1925 Glasgow Herald 1 Apr. 11/2 This new type of engine, with its straight through scavenge and absence of air and exhaust valves.

1930 Engineering 21 Nov. 645/3 The scavenge pumps for the Junkers engine are mounted on the locomotive frame.

1949 T. D. Walshaw Diesel Engine Design xviii. 338 Typical figures for an engine supercharged to give 50 per cent. increase in available B.H.P. are: 30 per cent. through scavenge (i.e. a volume of air equal to 30 per cent. of the cylinder volume is swept through the exhaust valve), and the amount of overlap would be about 135°.

1955 Know your Tractor (Shell) i. 11 The air for combustion assists removal of the exhaust gases; it is therefore known as ‘scavenge’ air, and its admission to the engine as ‘scavenging’.

1957 J. V. Casamassa & R. D. Bent Jet Aircraft Power Syst. (ed. 2) xiv. 195/1 On the rear face are mounted the main lube and scavenge pump [etc.].

1975 A. J. Wharton Diesel Engines: Questions & Answers 19 Even in slow running engines, this allows only a very short period of time for scavenge to be completed.

2. An act of scavenging, in senses scavenge v. 2b, and 3b.Webster (1934) gives ‘Scavenge, n., act or process of scavenging’ but it is not clear whether this reflects anything other than sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > [noun]

nimmingOE

takingc1230

betakingc1449

take1589

scavenge1978

1978 Guardian Weekly 17 Sept. 24/3 Wales's twice-annual scavenge for Arms Park international tickets.

1982 P. Fitzgerald At Freddie's iii. 24 The others ran, like little half-tame animals on the scavenge, through the alleys of the great market.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1982; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

scavengev.

/ˈskavəndʒ/

Etymology: Back-formation < scavenger n.

1. transitive. To clean out (dirt, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > clean [verb (transitive)]

yclense971

cleansea1000

farmOE

fayc1220

fowc1350

absterse?a1425

mundify?a1425

muck1429

to cast clean1522

absterge1526

sprinkle1526

reconcile1535

net1536

clengec1540

neat?1575

snuff?1575

rinse1595

deterge1623

scavengea1644

scavenger1645

decrott1653

reform1675

clean1681

deterse1684

fluxa1763

to clean away, offa1839

to clean down1839

scavage1851

untaint1855

to sand and canvas1912

a1644 F. Quarles Shepheards Oracles (1646) ii. 22 Should I but name The Tithe of that base dunghill trash, brought in By your Dominicans, scaveng'd out agin By worse Franciscans.

a. To scrape dirt from (the streets); also, to cleanse (the surface of a river).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning streets > clean streets [verb (transitive)]

scavenge1851

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > clear of refuse [verb (transitive)] > clear stream or channel

rode1616

scavenge1851

1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 197/2 In wet weather there is at least twenty times more ‘mac’ than dung scavenged.

1866 Act 28 & 30 Vict. c. 89 §52 The Conservators shall cause the Surface of the Thames to be effectually scavenged, in order to the Removal therefrom of Substances liable to Putrefaction.

in extended use.1858 C. Kingsley Chalk-stream Stud. in Misc. (1860) I. 182 They are Vorticellæ; and every one of those bells, by the ciliary current on its rim, is scavenging the water—till a tadpole comes by and scavenges it.

b. To extract and collect (anything that can be used or eaten) from discarded material.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] > re-use > discarded material

scavenge1922

salvage1943

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. viii. [Lestrygonians] 153 Saw her in the viceregal party when Stubbs the park ranger got me in with Whelan of the Express. Scavening [sic] what the quality left. High tea. Mayonnaise I poured on the plums thinking it was custard.

1971 J. S. Weiner Man's Nat. Hist. v. 199 Big-game hunters, living by means of scavenging dead mammoths.

1977 Times Lit. Suppl. 7 Jan. 9/5 In Kingston [Jamaica]..‘scuffling’ (dealing in whatever can be scavenged).

3. absol. or intransitive.

a. In sense 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning streets > clean streets [verb (intransitive)]

scavenger1843

scavenge1883

1883 Harper's Mag. Mar. 528/1 We saw fleeting glimpses of working-women scavenging, hanging out clothes, huckstering.

1894 Daily News 26 Apr. 2/4 Mr. Milvain..objected to the Conservancy being released..of their power to scavenge eastward.

b. transferred. To borrow; to thieve; to search through rubbish for (left-overs or unwanted objects).In quot. 1960 simply ‘to search thoroughly’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > borrowing > borrow [verb (intransitive)]

borrowa1340

to take borrowingc1380

scavenge1938

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > steal [verb (intransitive)] > be a thief

one's fingers are all thumbs1546

to try it on1811

work1819

scavenge1938

the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > make a search [verb (intransitive)] > poke about or grub > among rubbish for unwanted objects

scavenge1938

1938 Sun (Baltimore) 17 June 3/4 A woman relief investigator said aged men whom she recognized as relief clients were ‘scavenging’ at a market for discarded sprigs of celery.

1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 63 Scavenge, to, to borrow: to act the petty thief.

1960 P. S. Beagle Fine & Private Place xiv. 252 She..scavenged frantically in her purse, trying to hold back a sneeze until she found a handkerchief.

1978 S. Tennenbaum Rachel, the Rabbi's Wife (1979) x. 340 Rachel worked hard to refurbish her studio... She scavenged for pieces of furniture, and found an old armchair, a small table, and a low couch without a cushion.

a. transitive. To remove (the combustion products) from the cylinders of an internal-combustion engine. Also absol., and with the engine or cylinder as object. Cf. scavenging n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > operate internal-combustion engine [verb (intransitive)] > of internal-combustion engine: run > remove deposits

scavenge1903

decarbonize1915

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > operate internal-combustion engine [verb (transitive)] > remove deposits

decarbonize1915

decoke1928

scavenge1954

1894 [implied in: Work 17 Feb. 73/3 Questions such as late ignitions, scavenging, varying explosive charges [etc.]. (at scavenging n. 2a)] ].

1903 Amer. Inventor 15 Aug. 78/3 The engine under description scavenges thoroughly and completely upon the return stroke of the pistons.

1954 E. J. Kates Diesel & High-compression Gas Engines ii. 23 Just as before, this helps to get the exhaust gases out, or scavenges them.

1961 K. áslavský tr. J. Mackerle Air-cooled Motor Engines xviii. 376 With a mixing ratio λ > 1 the cylinder charge is increased by the amount of air contained in the exhaust gas not scavenged from the cylinder.

1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) VII. 208/2 Most medium and large two-cycle diesel engines are usually equipped with blowers to scavenge the cylinders after the working strokes and to supply the air required for the subsequent cycles.

1975 M. J. Nunney Automotive Engine x. 246 The development of the two-stroke cycle of operation is generally attributed to Dugald Clerk who, in 1878, adopted this principle for a successful design of engine that was scavenged by a separate pumping cylinder.

b. Chemistry. To combine with or remove (free radicals, electrons, or other species).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical properties > subject to action relating to chemical properties [verb (transitive)]

repel1638

wet1855

absorb1871

scavenge1955

1955 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 77 3245/2 This would mean that all of the radicals which are being scavenged are swept from the solution by the mercaptan.

1966 W. A. Pryor Free Radicals xxi. 324 An added free radical species will inhibit the process..if it scavenges S· but does not react with S to convert it to S·.

1974 Sci. Amer. Dec. 71/1 Z is eventually restored to neutrality by scavenging four electrons from two water molecules.

1978 Nature 1 June 374/1 Newly formed amorphous iron hydroxides seem to scavenge phosphate and silicate from solution.

Derivatives

scavenge n. = scavenging n. 2a. Frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning streets > [noun]

scavage1547

scavengery1656

scavengering1841

scavagery1851

scavenging1851

scavenage1878

scavenge1912

1912 A. P. Chalkley Diesel Engines vi. 156 On the up stroke the scavenge ports..are closed before the exhaust ports.

1925 Glasgow Herald 1 Apr. 11/2 This new type of engine, with its straight through scavenge and absence of air and exhaust valves.

1930 Engineering 21 Nov. 645/3 The scavenge pumps for the Junkers engine are mounted on the locomotive frame.

1955 Know your Tractor (Shell) i. 11 The air for combustion assists removal of the exhaust gases; it is therefore known as ‘scavenge’ air, and its admission to the engine as ‘scavenging’.

1957 J. V. Casamassa & R. D. Bent Jet Aircraft Power Syst. (ed. 2) xiv. 195/1 On the rear face are mounted the main lube and scavenge pump [etc.].

1975 A. J. Wharton Diesel Engines: Questions & Answers 19 Even in slow running engines, this allows only a very short period of time for scavenge to be completed.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	scavenge
释义	scavengen. /ˈskavɪndʒ/ Etymology: < scavenge v. 1. = scavenging n. 2a. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > removal or expulsion of products or deposits scavenging1894 exhaust1896 decarbonization1912 scavenge1912 decoke1962 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [adjective] > removing deposits scavenging1894 scavenge1912 uniflow1949 1912 A. P. Chalkley Diesel Engines vi. 156 On the up stroke the scavenge ports..are closed before the exhaust ports. 1925 Glasgow Herald 1 Apr. 11/2 This new type of engine, with its straight through scavenge and absence of air and exhaust valves. 1930 Engineering 21 Nov. 645/3 The scavenge pumps for the Junkers engine are mounted on the locomotive frame. 1949 T. D. Walshaw Diesel Engine Design xviii. 338 Typical figures for an engine supercharged to give 50 per cent. increase in available B.H.P. are: 30 per cent. through scavenge (i.e. a volume of air equal to 30 per cent. of the cylinder volume is swept through the exhaust valve), and the amount of overlap would be about 135°. 1955 Know your Tractor (Shell) i. 11 The air for combustion assists removal of the exhaust gases; it is therefore known as ‘scavenge’ air, and its admission to the engine as ‘scavenging’. 1957 J. V. Casamassa & R. D. Bent Jet Aircraft Power Syst. (ed. 2) xiv. 195/1 On the rear face are mounted the main lube and scavenge pump [etc.]. 1975 A. J. Wharton Diesel Engines: Questions & Answers 19 Even in slow running engines, this allows only a very short period of time for scavenge to be completed. 2. An act of scavenging, in senses scavenge v. 2b, and 3b.Webster (1934) gives ‘Scavenge, n., act or process of scavenging’ but it is not clear whether this reflects anything other than sense 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > [noun] nimmingOE takingc1230 betakingc1449 take1589 scavenge1978 1978 Guardian Weekly 17 Sept. 24/3 Wales's twice-annual scavenge for Arms Park international tickets. 1982 P. Fitzgerald At Freddie's iii. 24 The others ran, like little half-tame animals on the scavenge, through the alleys of the great market. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1982; most recently modified version published online September 2018). scavengev. /ˈskavəndʒ/ Etymology: Back-formation < scavenger n. 1. transitive. To clean out (dirt, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > clean [verb (transitive)] yclense971 cleansea1000 farmOE fayc1220 fowc1350 absterse?a1425 mundify?a1425 muck1429 to cast clean1522 absterge1526 sprinkle1526 reconcile1535 net1536 clengec1540 neat?1575 snuff?1575 rinse1595 deterge1623 scavengea1644 scavenger1645 decrott1653 reform1675 clean1681 deterse1684 fluxa1763 to clean away, offa1839 to clean down1839 scavage1851 untaint1855 to sand and canvas1912 a1644 F. Quarles Shepheards Oracles (1646) ii. 22 Should I but name The Tithe of that base dunghill trash, brought in By your Dominicans, scaveng'd out agin By worse Franciscans. 2. a. To scrape dirt from (the streets); also, to cleanse (the surface of a river). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning streets > clean streets [verb (transitive)] scavenge1851 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > clear of refuse [verb (transitive)] > clear stream or channel rode1616 scavenge1851 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 197/2 In wet weather there is at least twenty times more ‘mac’ than dung scavenged. 1866 Act 28 & 30 Vict. c. 89 §52 The Conservators shall cause the Surface of the Thames to be effectually scavenged, in order to the Removal therefrom of Substances liable to Putrefaction. in extended use.1858 C. Kingsley Chalk-stream Stud. in Misc. (1860) I. 182 They are Vorticellæ; and every one of those bells, by the ciliary current on its rim, is scavenging the water—till a tadpole comes by and scavenges it. b. To extract and collect (anything that can be used or eaten) from discarded material. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] > re-use > discarded material scavenge1922 salvage1943 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. viii. [Lestrygonians] 153 Saw her in the viceregal party when Stubbs the park ranger got me in with Whelan of the Express. Scavening [sic] what the quality left. High tea. Mayonnaise I poured on the plums thinking it was custard. 1971 J. S. Weiner Man's Nat. Hist. v. 199 Big-game hunters, living by means of scavenging dead mammoths. 1977 Times Lit. Suppl. 7 Jan. 9/5 In Kingston [Jamaica]..‘scuffling’ (dealing in whatever can be scavenged). 3. absol. or intransitive. a. In sense 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning streets > clean streets [verb (intransitive)] scavenger1843 scavenge1883 1883 Harper's Mag. Mar. 528/1 We saw fleeting glimpses of working-women scavenging, hanging out clothes, huckstering. 1894 Daily News 26 Apr. 2/4 Mr. Milvain..objected to the Conservancy being released..of their power to scavenge eastward. b. transferred. To borrow; to thieve; to search through rubbish for (left-overs or unwanted objects).In quot. 1960 simply ‘to search thoroughly’. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > borrowing > borrow [verb (intransitive)] borrowa1340 to take borrowingc1380 scavenge1938 the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > steal [verb (intransitive)] > be a thief one's fingers are all thumbs1546 to try it on1811 work1819 scavenge1938 the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > make a search [verb (intransitive)] > poke about or grub > among rubbish for unwanted objects scavenge1938 1938 Sun (Baltimore) 17 June 3/4 A woman relief investigator said aged men whom she recognized as relief clients were ‘scavenging’ at a market for discarded sprigs of celery. 1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 63 Scavenge, to, to borrow: to act the petty thief. 1960 P. S. Beagle Fine & Private Place xiv. 252 She..scavenged frantically in her purse, trying to hold back a sneeze until she found a handkerchief. 1978 S. Tennenbaum Rachel, the Rabbi's Wife (1979) x. 340 Rachel worked hard to refurbish her studio... She scavenged for pieces of furniture, and found an old armchair, a small table, and a low couch without a cushion. 4. a. transitive. To remove (the combustion products) from the cylinders of an internal-combustion engine. Also absol., and with the engine or cylinder as object. Cf. scavenging n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > operate internal-combustion engine [verb (intransitive)] > of internal-combustion engine: run > remove deposits scavenge1903 decarbonize1915 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > operate internal-combustion engine [verb (transitive)] > remove deposits decarbonize1915 decoke1928 scavenge1954 1894 [implied in: Work 17 Feb. 73/3 Questions such as late ignitions, scavenging, varying explosive charges [etc.]. (at scavenging n. 2a)] ]. 1903 Amer. Inventor 15 Aug. 78/3 The engine under description scavenges thoroughly and completely upon the return stroke of the pistons. 1954 E. J. Kates Diesel & High-compression Gas Engines ii. 23 Just as before, this helps to get the exhaust gases out, or scavenges them. 1961 K. áslavský tr. J. Mackerle Air-cooled Motor Engines xviii. 376 With a mixing ratio λ > 1 the cylinder charge is increased by the amount of air contained in the exhaust gas not scavenged from the cylinder. 1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) VII. 208/2 Most medium and large two-cycle diesel engines are usually equipped with blowers to scavenge the cylinders after the working strokes and to supply the air required for the subsequent cycles. 1975 M. J. Nunney Automotive Engine x. 246 The development of the two-stroke cycle of operation is generally attributed to Dugald Clerk who, in 1878, adopted this principle for a successful design of engine that was scavenged by a separate pumping cylinder. b. Chemistry. To combine with or remove (free radicals, electrons, or other species). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical properties > subject to action relating to chemical properties [verb (transitive)] repel1638 wet1855 absorb1871 scavenge1955 1955 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 77 3245/2 This would mean that all of the radicals which are being scavenged are swept from the solution by the mercaptan. 1966 W. A. Pryor Free Radicals xxi. 324 An added free radical species will inhibit the process..if it scavenges S· but does not react with S to convert it to S·. 1974 Sci. Amer. Dec. 71/1 Z is eventually restored to neutrality by scavenging four electrons from two water molecules. 1978 Nature 1 June 374/1 Newly formed amorphous iron hydroxides seem to scavenge phosphate and silicate from solution. Derivatives scavenge n. = scavenging n. 2a. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning streets > [noun] scavage1547 scavengery1656 scavengering1841 scavagery1851 scavenging1851 scavenage1878 scavenge1912 1912 A. P. Chalkley Diesel Engines vi. 156 On the up stroke the scavenge ports..are closed before the exhaust ports. 1925 Glasgow Herald 1 Apr. 11/2 This new type of engine, with its straight through scavenge and absence of air and exhaust valves. 1930 Engineering 21 Nov. 645/3 The scavenge pumps for the Junkers engine are mounted on the locomotive frame. 1949 T. D. Walshaw Diesel Engine Design xviii. 338 Typical figures for an engine supercharged to give 50 per cent. increase in available B.H.P. are: 30 per cent. through scavenge (i.e. a volume of air equal to 30 per cent. of the cylinder volume is swept through the exhaust valve), and the amount of overlap would be about 135°. 1955 Know your Tractor (Shell) i. 11 The air for combustion assists removal of the exhaust gases; it is therefore known as ‘scavenge’ air, and its admission to the engine as ‘scavenging’. 1957 J. V. Casamassa & R. D. Bent Jet Aircraft Power Syst. (ed. 2) xiv. 195/1 On the rear face are mounted the main lube and scavenge pump [etc.]. 1975 A. J. Wharton Diesel Engines: Questions & Answers 19 Even in slow running engines, this allows only a very short period of time for scavenge to be completed. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1912v.a1644
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