adjurev.

Brit.

/əˈdʒʊə/,

/əˈdʒɔː/, U.S.

/əˈdʒʊ(ə)r/,

/æˈdʒʊ(ə)r/

Forms: late Middle English–1600s adiure, late Middle English 1600s– adjure.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French adjurer; Latin adiūrāre.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French adjurer (French adjurer ) to bind (oneself) under oath (1174 in Old French as ajurer , used reflexively), to bind (a person) under oath (1225 as ajurer ), to entreat (a person) earnestly, beseech, implore (a person) (second half of the 13th cent. or earlier) and its etymon classical Latin adiūrāre to affirm with an oath, swear, to swear by, in post-classical Latin also to bind by oath, to entreat, beseech (Vulgate), to conjure, exorcize (late 2nd cent. in Tertullian) < ad- ad- prefix + iūrāre to swear (see jurant adj.). Compare Old Occitan ajurar (c1330), Spanish adjurar (second half of the 13th cent. as ajurar ), Italian adiurare (14th cent. or earlier). Compare earlier adjuration n., adjurer n.The French form adjurer shows remodelling of the earlier variant ajurer after the classical Latin verb.

1. transitive. To bind under oath; to command or appeal to (a person) to do something in the name of God or a god, or under penalty of some punishment or curse.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)] > bind by a promise

conjurec1290

to speak for ——a1300

avow1303

adjurea1425

surec1460

arrest1489

gage1489

insure1530

pledge1571

fiance1592

objure1609

sacrament1621

attest1685

the mind > language > malediction > [verb (transitive)]

waryc725

accurselOE

forcurse1154

cursec1175

for-waryc1175

bana1275

ashend1297

to bid (something) misadventurec1330

shrew1338

beshrew1377

maledighta1400

to fare (also go, come) to mischancec1400

defyc1430

destinya1450

condemn1489

detest1533

adjure1539

beshrompa1549

widdle1552

becurse1570

malison1588

consecrate1589

exaugurate1600

execrate1612

imprecate1616

blasta1634

damna1640

vote1644

to swear at ——1680

devote1749

maledict1780

comminate1801

bless1814

peste1824

cuss1863

bedamn1875

mugger1951

a1425 (a1382) Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Corpus Oxf.) (1850) 3 Kings xviii. 10 He haþ adiured [a1425 L.V. chargide greetli; L. adiuravit] alle rewmys & folkis for þi þat þou art not founden.

?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 43 I Charge and adiure yow all by the names of all our gloryous goddes that ye saye to me the trouth.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 181 (MED) Seynte Aldelme adiured [L. adiurat] that childe..that hit scholde confesse openly and if Sergius the pope were fader to hit.

1539 Bible (Great) 1 Sam. xiv. 28 Thy father adiured the people [ Wyclif, boond the puple with an ooth], saying: Cursed be the man that eateth any sustinaunce.

1593 R. Cosin Apol. for Sundrie Proc. (rev. ed.) xiv. 214 These (of whom we speake) haue heard the voice, and forme of the oath, haue bene adiured in God, and in her Maiesties name.

1611 Bible (King James) Josh. vi. 26 Ioshua adiured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man before the Lord, that riseth vp and buildeth this city Iericho.

1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 39 The woman..was adjur'd by the Priest to swear whether she were fals or no.

1736 ‘Zelis’ Celenia II. 351 Rosanna..adjured me to tell her the whole truth, threatning me with her eternal Hatred if I conceal'd the least Circumstance from here.

1761 J. Wesley Let. 10 Apr. (1931) IV. 150 Suppose..one of his flock adjures me for Christ's sake to tell him what he must do to be saved.

1833 W. Stevens View of Rise & Fall Judah & Israel 149 Upon being solemnly adjured by Ahab to speak nothing but the truth, in the name of Jehovah [etc.].

1870 Christian Witness Jan. 35 When a solemn oath was pronounced by the priest, the response of the person who was adjured consisted simply of the word, ‘Amen’.

1906 L. O'Rourke tr. H. A. Taine Balzac v. 204 His wife adjures him in the name of God.

1995 G. J. C. Snoek Medieval Piety iii. 149 The priest adjured him by the Trinity, baptism, the Gospel and the relics contained in the church not to approach the altar nor to receive communion should he be guilty.

2. transitive. To make a solemn or earnest appeal to (a person); to say by way of adjuration, to exhort. Also: to entreat or appeal to (God or a god).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > appeal to or invoke

halsec825

askOE

witnec1200

halsenc1290

calla1325

incalla1340

to speak to ——1362

interpel1382

inclepec1384

turnc1384

becallc1400

ethec1400

peala1425

movec1450

provoke1477

adjure1483

invoke1490

conjurea1500

sue1521

invocatea1530

obtest1548

obtestate1553

to throw oneself on (or upon)1592

obsecrate1598

charm1599

to cry on ——1609

behight1615

imprecate1643

impray1855

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 78/2 Raguel desired and adjured [L. adiuravit (Tobit 8:23)] Thobie that he shold abyde with hym.

1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke Pref. The earnest intreatie of my friends daily requesting, importuning, and as it were adiuring me.

1648 B. Ryves Angliae Ruina 198 He..prayed for his Persecutors, and adjured his friends not to harbour a thought of revenge.

1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xv. 794 Nestor most..Exhorts, adjures, to guard these utmost Shores.

1746 J. Wesley Let. 17 June (1931) II. 232 They are one of the strongest forms of obtestation, of adjuring God to show mercy, by all His grace and truth and love?

1844 E. B. Barrett Dead Pan in Poems II. 269 Gods! we vainly do adjure you.

1871 Scribner's Monthly Nov. 87/2 They adjured her to remember that such partings were not forever.

1928 E. A. Powell Embattled Borders vi. 228 ‘Quiet down, Bill,’ one of his companions adjured him. ‘You're making altogether too much noise.’

1988 P. Fussell Thank God for Atom Bomb (1990) 205 ‘Don't use language your mother would blush to hear,’ the American soldier is adjured by a YMCA pamphlet of 1918.

2004 I. Wallerstein in S. Dasgupta Changing Face of Globalization 87 We were adjured to respect each other, to respect everyone.

3. transitive. To invoke, summon, or exorcize (an evil spirit). Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > state of being accursed > [verb (intransitive)] > as everyday imprecation

adjure1585

cuss1838

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > [verb (transitive)] > invoke (a spirit)

conjurec1290

reara1382

to call upc1390

raisec1395

devocatec1570

adjure1585

invoke1602

evoke1623

incantate1623

conjure1637

excitea1639

evocate1675

incant1926

1585 R. Greene Planetomachia sig. G3^v Hee was faine to fall to flatte coniuring, wherein after hee had swette lyke a dogge to adiure the Dyuell.

1590 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 309 If thou..have no cunning, but set a face on things, then take heed how you adjure these spirits.

1649 R. Hodges Plainest Direct. 8 His daily exercise is to exorcise or adjure.

1664 Bp. J. Taylor Disswasive from Popery ii. x. 233 I exorcise you, and adjure you, and command you, by the power I have, that you incontinently hear the words of my conjuring, and perceive your selves overcome, and command you not to depart without license, and so I bind you with this stole of jucundity.

1854 W. G. Simms Southward Ho! xviii. 460 The devil had been adjured by the terrible chief of the crew, and he had answered with awful sounds from a neighboring thicket.

1928 F. S. Flint & D. F. Tait tr. R. Fülöp-Miller Rasputin xii. 242 Iliodor did everything that an Orthodox priest can do in such cases, sprinkled the woman with holy water, bent over her and said the prescribed prayers, placed a big crucifix over her head, and adjured the devil until the sweat poured down his face.

2008 D. Collins Magic in Anc. Greek World iii. 90 Later, the speaker adjures or ‘exorcises’ (horkizein), which means to bind to an oath, a series of Jewish demons.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	adjure
释义	adjurev. Brit. /əˈdʒʊə/, /əˈdʒɔː/, U.S. /əˈdʒʊ(ə)r/, /æˈdʒʊ(ə)r/ Forms: late Middle English–1600s adiure, late Middle English 1600s– adjure. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French adjurer; Latin adiūrāre. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French adjurer (French adjurer ) to bind (oneself) under oath (1174 in Old French as ajurer , used reflexively), to bind (a person) under oath (1225 as ajurer ), to entreat (a person) earnestly, beseech, implore (a person) (second half of the 13th cent. or earlier) and its etymon classical Latin adiūrāre to affirm with an oath, swear, to swear by, in post-classical Latin also to bind by oath, to entreat, beseech (Vulgate), to conjure, exorcize (late 2nd cent. in Tertullian) < ad- ad- prefix + iūrāre to swear (see jurant adj.). Compare Old Occitan ajurar (c1330), Spanish adjurar (second half of the 13th cent. as ajurar ), Italian adiurare (14th cent. or earlier). Compare earlier adjuration n., adjurer n.The French form adjurer shows remodelling of the earlier variant ajurer after the classical Latin verb. 1. transitive. To bind under oath; to command or appeal to (a person) to do something in the name of God or a god, or under penalty of some punishment or curse. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)] > bind by a promise conjurec1290 to speak for ——a1300 avow1303 adjurea1425 surec1460 arrest1489 gage1489 insure1530 pledge1571 fiance1592 objure1609 sacrament1621 attest1685 the mind > language > malediction > [verb (transitive)] waryc725 accurselOE forcurse1154 cursec1175 for-waryc1175 bana1275 ashend1297 to bid (something) misadventurec1330 shrew1338 beshrew1377 maledighta1400 to fare (also go, come) to mischancec1400 defyc1430 destinya1450 condemn1489 detest1533 adjure1539 beshrompa1549 widdle1552 becurse1570 malison1588 consecrate1589 exaugurate1600 execrate1612 imprecate1616 blasta1634 damna1640 vote1644 to swear at ——1680 devote1749 maledict1780 comminate1801 bless1814 peste1824 cuss1863 bedamn1875 mugger1951 a1425 (a1382) Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Corpus Oxf.) (1850) 3 Kings xviii. 10 He haþ adiured [a1425 L.V. chargide greetli; L. adiuravit] alle rewmys & folkis for þi þat þou art not founden. ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 43 I Charge and adiure yow all by the names of all our gloryous goddes that ye saye to me the trouth. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1876) VI. 181 (MED) Seynte Aldelme adiured [L. adiurat] that childe..that hit scholde confesse openly and if Sergius the pope were fader to hit. 1539 Bible (Great) 1 Sam. xiv. 28 Thy father adiured the people [ Wyclif, boond the puple with an ooth], saying: Cursed be the man that eateth any sustinaunce. 1593 R. Cosin Apol. for Sundrie Proc. (rev. ed.) xiv. 214 These (of whom we speake) haue heard the voice, and forme of the oath, haue bene adiured in God, and in her Maiesties name. 1611 Bible (King James) Josh. vi. 26 Ioshua adiured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man before the Lord, that riseth vp and buildeth this city Iericho. View more context for this quotation 1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 39 The woman..was adjur'd by the Priest to swear whether she were fals or no. 1736 ‘Zelis’ Celenia II. 351 Rosanna..adjured me to tell her the whole truth, threatning me with her eternal Hatred if I conceal'd the least Circumstance from here. 1761 J. Wesley Let. 10 Apr. (1931) IV. 150 Suppose..one of his flock adjures me for Christ's sake to tell him what he must do to be saved. 1833 W. Stevens View of Rise & Fall Judah & Israel 149 Upon being solemnly adjured by Ahab to speak nothing but the truth, in the name of Jehovah [etc.]. 1870 Christian Witness Jan. 35 When a solemn oath was pronounced by the priest, the response of the person who was adjured consisted simply of the word, ‘Amen’. 1906 L. O'Rourke tr. H. A. Taine Balzac v. 204 His wife adjures him in the name of God. 1995 G. J. C. Snoek Medieval Piety iii. 149 The priest adjured him by the Trinity, baptism, the Gospel and the relics contained in the church not to approach the altar nor to receive communion should he be guilty. 2. transitive. To make a solemn or earnest appeal to (a person); to say by way of adjuration, to exhort. Also: to entreat or appeal to (God or a god). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > appeal to or invoke halsec825 askOE witnec1200 halsenc1290 calla1325 incalla1340 to speak to ——1362 interpel1382 inclepec1384 turnc1384 becallc1400 ethec1400 peala1425 movec1450 provoke1477 adjure1483 invoke1490 conjurea1500 sue1521 invocatea1530 obtest1548 obtestate1553 to throw oneself on (or upon)1592 obsecrate1598 charm1599 to cry on ——1609 behight1615 imprecate1643 impray1855 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 78/2 Raguel desired and adjured [L. adiuravit (Tobit 8:23)] Thobie that he shold abyde with hym. 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke Pref. The earnest intreatie of my friends daily requesting, importuning, and as it were adiuring me. 1648 B. Ryves Angliae Ruina 198 He..prayed for his Persecutors, and adjured his friends not to harbour a thought of revenge. 1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xv. 794 Nestor most..Exhorts, adjures, to guard these utmost Shores. 1746 J. Wesley Let. 17 June (1931) II. 232 They are one of the strongest forms of obtestation, of adjuring God to show mercy, by all His grace and truth and love? 1844 E. B. Barrett Dead Pan in Poems II. 269 Gods! we vainly do adjure you. 1871 Scribner's Monthly Nov. 87/2 They adjured her to remember that such partings were not forever. 1928 E. A. Powell Embattled Borders vi. 228 ‘Quiet down, Bill,’ one of his companions adjured him. ‘You're making altogether too much noise.’ 1988 P. Fussell Thank God for Atom Bomb (1990) 205 ‘Don't use language your mother would blush to hear,’ the American soldier is adjured by a YMCA pamphlet of 1918. 2004 I. Wallerstein in S. Dasgupta Changing Face of Globalization 87 We were adjured to respect each other, to respect everyone. 3. transitive. To invoke, summon, or exorcize (an evil spirit). Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > state of being accursed > [verb (intransitive)] > as everyday imprecation adjure1585 cuss1838 the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > [verb (transitive)] > invoke (a spirit) conjurec1290 reara1382 to call upc1390 raisec1395 devocatec1570 adjure1585 invoke1602 evoke1623 incantate1623 conjure1637 excitea1639 evocate1675 incant1926 1585 R. Greene Planetomachia sig. G3^v Hee was faine to fall to flatte coniuring, wherein after hee had swette lyke a dogge to adiure the Dyuell. 1590 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 309 If thou..have no cunning, but set a face on things, then take heed how you adjure these spirits. 1649 R. Hodges Plainest Direct. 8 His daily exercise is to exorcise or adjure. 1664 Bp. J. Taylor Disswasive from Popery ii. x. 233 I exorcise you, and adjure you, and command you, by the power I have, that you incontinently hear the words of my conjuring, and perceive your selves overcome, and command you not to depart without license, and so I bind you with this stole of jucundity. 1854 W. G. Simms Southward Ho! xviii. 460 The devil had been adjured by the terrible chief of the crew, and he had answered with awful sounds from a neighboring thicket. 1928 F. S. Flint & D. F. Tait tr. R. Fülöp-Miller Rasputin xii. 242 Iliodor did everything that an Orthodox priest can do in such cases, sprinkled the woman with holy water, bent over her and said the prescribed prayers, placed a big crucifix over her head, and adjured the devil until the sweat poured down his face. 2008 D. Collins Magic in Anc. Greek World iii. 90 Later, the speaker adjures or ‘exorcises’ (horkizein), which means to bind to an oath, a series of Jewish demons. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.a1425
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