scudn.¹

Brit.

/skʌd/, U.S.

/skəd/

Forms: Also 1600s scudde, 1700s scudd.

Etymology: < scud v.¹; in some uses perhaps onomatopoeic.

a. The action of scudding; hurried movement.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > [noun] > swift movement

scud1609

spin1891

1609 B. Jonson Case is Alterd iii. sig. G^v O how she skudded, O sweet scud, how she tripped, O delicate trip and goe.

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Scud, the Course or motion of the Clouds, in Fleeting.

1853 J. F. W. Herschel Pop. Lect. Sci. (1873) i. §54. 42 The scud of the clouds before the wind.

1880 G. Meredith Tragic Comedians II. x. 156 At times he came flashing through the scud of her thoughts.

b. A certain figure in skating.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skating > [noun] > figure-skating > figure > specific figure or movement

spread eagle1823

Q1852

grapevine1868

loop1869

rocking turn1869

Mohawk1880

vine1891

bracket1892

Choctaw1892

counter1892

rocker1892

scud1892

three1895

toe-spin1921

death spiral1933

1892 Gentlewoman's Bk. Sports I. 145 The hand-in-hand figures, such as the Mercury, the Q scud, the half-double scud [etc.].

a. Light clouds driven rapidly before the wind.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > [noun] > a cloud > (mass of) clouds > driven by wind

rackc1400

ratch1558

scud1670

cloud-rack1847

1670 J. Dryden & W. Davenant Shakespeare's Tempest i. 1 The Scud comes against the Wind, 'twill blow hard.

1764 W. Falconer Shipwreck (new ed.) ii. 44 The winds arise, And swift the scud in dark succession flies.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles i. xiii. 20 The darkening scud comes on.

1885 H. O. Forbes Naturalist's Wanderings Eastern Archipel. 209 Peaks..along whose flanks the clouds rolled upwards in white humps and scuds.

b. A driving shower (of rain or snow).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [noun] > a or the fall of rain > shower > driving or slanting

drifta1400

scud1687

slanting1980

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant ii. 187 With every change [of wind] we had a scud of Wind and Rain.

a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1752) 3 After such a scudd of rain cool cloudy weather ensues.

1823 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 16 Aug. 417 I had but one little scud during the day: just enough for St. Swithin to swear by.

1879 Good Words Jan. 48 The rain blowing in drizzling scuds.

c. A sudden gust of wind.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > blast or gust of

ghosteOE

blasta1000

blas?c1225

ragec1405

blorec1440

flaw1513

thud1513

flaga1522

fuddera1522

flake1555

flan1572

whid?1590

flirta1592

gust1594

berry1598

wind-catch1610

snuff1613

stress1625

flash1653

blow1655

fresh1662

scud1694

flurry1698

gush1704

flam1711

waff1727

flawer1737

Roger's Blasta1825

flaff1827

slat1840

scart1861

rodges-blast1879

huffle1889

slap1890

slammer1891

Sir Roger1893

1694 P. A. Motteux Wks. F. Rabelais (1737) v. xviii. 76 Some Gusts, or Scuds of Wind..arose.

1863 ‘C. Bede’ Tour in Tartan-land 293 I beheld my wife..borne in a wild scud immediately in front of the three-abreast horses.

1893 ‘Q’ Delectable Duchy 193 A sullen pond, over which the wind drove in scuds.

d. Ocean foam or spray driven by the wind; also transferred of ice or snow.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > foam or surf > [noun] > spray

spindrifta1614

spray1626

spoondrift1769

scud1850

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [noun] > the falling of snow > snow driven by wind

ewdendrift1630

yird-drift1820

snowdrift1836

reek1894

spindrift1961

scud1969

1850 B. Taylor Eldorado I. xxi. 216 Bailing out the scud thrown over the gunwale by every surge.

1894 N. Brooks Tales Maine Coast 218 The air was drenched with spume and flying scud.

in extended use.1885 W. D. Howells Rise Silas Lapham ii. 48 She..was..shielding her face from the scud of ice flung from the mare's heels.1969 N. W. Parsons Upon Sagebrush Harp xv. 85 Usually, at dawn the wind died and a knee-high scud sharp as glass would skitter sullenly along the surface of the hard-packed snow.

e. attributive. Also in combinations, as scud-like adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > [adjective] > driven before the wind

racking1590

scud1860

1860 Mercantile Marine Mag. 7 342 Light scud clouds driving across heavy masses show wind and rain.

1866 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 138 A ‘dirty’ looking kind of clouds, scud-like, rising.

1897 Daily News 4 Mar. 7/1 The boat disappeared in a yeast of scud rain and spindrift.

3. School slang. A swift runner.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > going swiftly on foot > [noun] > running > a runner > a swift runner

hare-footc1410

flight1579

swift-foot1825

scud1857

sharpshins1883

rabbit1925

speedster1927

1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. v. 107 You ain't a bad scud, not by no means.

1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. vii Unless you're a first-rate scud.

Draft additions June 2018

English regional (south-western). A scab; the crust that forms over a healing wound or sore.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > wound > scab

crust1398

roinc1400

scabc1400

scurfc1440

rovea1500

rig-ruff1611

incrustation1656

scud1825

crusta1842

1825 J. Jennings Observ. Dial. W. Eng. 66 Scud, a scab.

1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) I have hit the scud off my finger and made it bleed again.

1993 K. C. Phillipps Gloss. Cornish Dial. (1998) 50 Don't dig the scud off, or you'll have a bad place there.

2012 @beckikn0x 13 Dec. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Ew, got a massive scud on my nose.

2014 @Lawsonwho_ 20 July in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Picked a scud in my nose and..felt the blood before it started pouring out my nose.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scudn.²

Brit.

/skʌd/, U.S.

/skəd/

†1. Dirt, refuse. Obsolete.

ΘΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun] > dirt removed in cleaning

washingsc1330

purginga1398

scouring1588

purgament1597

cleansing1608

fullage1611

sordes1640

scuda1642

offscouring1655

offage1727

outscourings1828

cleaning1855

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 100 For nowe the scudde and scumme passed away, and the dyke was as cleare and fresh att the last as att the first.

2. Coal Mining. (See quot. 1883¹.)

ΚΠ

1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 59 Scud or ming coal.

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Scud, iron pyrites embedded in coal seams.

1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Scud (Leicester), very thin layers of soft matter, such as clay, sooty coal, &c.

3. Tanning. Dirt, lime, fat, and fragments of hair which must be removed from a hide. Cf. scud v.³ 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > [noun] > parts or dirt removed from hide

tawing1611

skivinga1825

fleshing1860

scud1885

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > [noun] > cleaning hides > material cleaned from hides

scud1885

1885 A. Watt Art of Leather Manuf. xxvi. 324 The ‘scud’ is removed by working the pelt upon the beam with the blunt knife.

1969 T. C. Thorstensen Pract. Leather Technol. vi. 96 The hair-destruction system may result in uneven swelling and in the formation of scud (surface dirt) on the hides.

1969 T. C. Thorstensen Pract. Leather Technol. vi. 98 The strong oxidizing action of the chlorine dioxide and chlorine results in the bleaching of the hair, and there is no dark scud left on the hide.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scudn.³

Brit.

/skʌd/, U.S.

/skəd/

Etymology: Belongs to scud v.⁴

dialect.

A wisp of twisted straw, used for stopping a drain.

ΚΠ

1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 i. 26 We fill up either with haulm.., or ling,..or a scud of straw, or turf.

1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 ii. 279 The materials..are ‘haulm’ (stubble), straw, ‘scuds’ (twisted straw), ling, or bushes.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scudv.¹

Brit.

/skʌd/, U.S.

/skəd/

Forms: Also 1500s scudde, skude, squdde, 1500s–1600s scudd, 1500s–1700s skud, 1600s scude. past tense 1600s scud; past participle 1500s scudde.

Etymology: Of obscure etymology. First recorded in the 16th cent., but probably much older in colloquial use. The initial sc shows that the word cannot descend from Old English: if not formed onomatopoeically or by phonetic symbolism, it was presumably adopted either from Scandinavian or from Low German or Dutch. Formally, a possible origin would be Middle Low German, Middle Dutch schudden to shake ( < Old Saxon scuddian), whence Swedish skudda, Danish skudde; but the sense seems not sufficiently near. The Old Norse skunda, to hasten, agrees in sense but not in form. It has been usual to refer the word to Danish skyde (with long vowel) to shoot (= Old Norse skióta), skud shot (= Old Norse skot), but the Danish change of t into d is a late development, and is not represented in English words of Anglo-Danish origin. It may be noted that several dialects have a synonymous scut (verb), of which scud may be an altered form. As the earliest instance of scud refers to the movement of a hare, and this has always been a prominent application of the verb, it seems possible that it may be connected with scut (noun), the tail of a hare, sometimes applied to the animal itself.

a. intransitive. To run or move briskly or hurriedly; to dart nimbly from place to place.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > move swiftly [verb (intransitive)]

lakeOE

flyOE

runOE

scour13..

jace1393

hie1398

spina1400

fleetc1400

glentc1400

stripc1400

suea1450

carryc1450

speed1488

scud1532

streek1598

winga1616

to clip it1616

hackney1617

swifta1618

whirryc1630

dust1673

whew1684

race1702

stroke1735

cut1797

spank1807

skid1815

speela1818

crack1824

skimmer1824

slap1827

clip1832

skeet1838

marvel1841

lick1850

travel1850

rush1852

zip1852

sail1876

rabbit1887

move1906

high-tail1908

to ball the jack1914

buzz1914

shift1922

giddap1938

burn1942

hoosh1943

bomb1966

shred1977

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 721/2 Tindall hath, as ye haue hearde, scudded in & out lyke an hare y^t had .xx. brace of greyhoundes after her.

?1553 Respublica (1952) v. viii. 56 I have trodde and scudde tyll my winde is almost paste.

1567 T. Drant tr. Horace Pistles in tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie sig. Bviij^v Sumtymes I skude abowt the towne In ciuyll matters drounde.

1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iv. sig. H My sinewes tremble, and my panting heart Scuds round about my bosome to goe out.

1613 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals I. ii. 25 The Trout within the weedes did scud.

1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 344 Animals..bounding over the Hills, and skudding along the Plains.

1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II i. lxx. 43 Some Richmond-hill ascend, some scud to Ware.

1822 Countess Granville Let. 10 Mar. (1894) I. 223 I never saw him so slim and active, and he scuds into dinner [etc.].

1830 Ld. Tennyson How & Why 30 The black owl scuds down the mellow twilight.

1866 J. H. Newman Dream of Gerontius iv. 30 They scud away as cowards from the fight.

1894 A. I. Ritchie Chapters from Mem. ix. 131 He stood looking at us fixedly,..and the train scudded off.

b. In the imperative: Be off! Make haste!

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (intransitive)]

scud1602

go scrape!1611

to push off (also along)1740

to go it1797

to walk one's chalks1835

morris1838

scat1838

go 'long1859

to take a walk1881

shoot1897

skidoo1905

to beat it1906

to go to the dickens1910

to jump (or go (and) jump) in the lake1912

scram1928

to piss offa1935

to bugger off1937

to fuck off1940

go and have a roll1941

eff1945

to feck off?1945

to get lost1947

to sod off1950

bug1956

to hit, split or take the breeze1959

naff1959

frig1965

muck1974

to rack off1975

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move with urgent speed

rempeOE

fuseOE

rakeOE

hiec1175

i-fusec1275

rekec1275

hastec1300

pellc1300

platc1300

startc1300

buskc1330

rapc1330

rapec1330

skip1338

firk1340

chase1377

raikc1390

to hie one's waya1400

catchc1400

start?a1505

spur1513

hasten1534

to make speed1548

post1553

hurry1602

scud1602

curry1608

to put on?1611

properate1623

post-haste1628

whirryc1630

dust1650

kite1854

to get a move on1888

to hump it1888

belt1890

to get (or put) one's skates on1895

hotfoot1896

to rattle one's dags1968

shimmy1969

1602 T. Dekker Blurt Master-Constable sig. F2^v Nay scud..be gone and Mum.

1649 Duke of Newcastle Country Captaine iii. 51 Scud and bringe wine you varletts.

c1854 W. M. Thackeray Wolves & Lamb i, in Wks. (1869) XXII. 353 There's the outer bell. Scud, you vagabond!

2. To sail or move swiftly on the water. Now chiefly (and in technical nautical use exclusively), to run before a gale with little or no sail.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > [verb (intransitive)] > swiftly

crowd937

runOE

shootc1540

scud1582

winga1616

gale1692

ramp1856

society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > sail before the wind

scud1582

spoon1588

spoom1628

to stand down1635

to bear down1671

skid1815

to roll down to St. Helena1834

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 58 Italye see yoonder: thither with nauye be squdding.

a1592 R. Greene Orpharion (1599) 39 (Song of Arion) Seated vpon the crooked Dolphins back, Scudding amidst the purple coloured waues:..Neptune..Threw forth such stormes as [etc.].

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvii. 951 Pausistratus..skudded amaine with his ship to the entrance of the haven.

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. ii. 17 She scuds before the Sea very well.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis v, in tr. Virgil Wks. 359 They scud before the Wind.

a1704 T. Brown Walk round London in 3rd Vol. Wks. (1708) iii. 60 The next [person] that we met was a jolly Parson, skudding from Lambeth-House in a Skuller.

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Scudding A ship either scuds with a sail extended on her fore-mast, or, if the storm is excessive, without any sail, which..is called scudding under bare poles.

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. vi. 128 Having fairly scudded before the gale, we arrived by the middle of the day at the Sauce posta.

1884 A. Brassey in Good Words Mar. 163/1 There was too much wind to scud.

3. Of clouds, foam, etc.: To be driven by the wind.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > [verb (intransitive)] > be driven by the wind

drive1565

rack1590

scud1699

1699 S. Garth Dispensary v. 58 The rising Mists skud o're the dewy Lawns.

1796 S. T. Coleridge Songs of Pixies ii, in Poems Var. Subj. 18 When..scuds the cloud before the gale.

1832 Ld. Tennyson Dream Fair Women xvi, in Poems (new ed.) 126 Crisp foamflakes scud along the level sand, Torn from the fringe of spray.

1853 C. Brontë Villette III. xl. 250 They [the hours] passed like drift cloud—like the rack scudding before a storm.

4. transitive. To pass, travel, or sail quickly over.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [verb (transitive)] > traverse a distance or ground > rapidly

scourc1380

skirra1616

scud1632

bescour1837

to swallow up1890

to eat up1898

to burn up1909

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 424 Then scud I France, and cross'd the Pyrheneise.

c1750 W. Shenstone Ruin'd Abbey 197 His less'ning flock In snowy groups diffusive scud the vale.

1803 in W. Scott Minstrelsy Sc. Border (ed. 2) III. 389 The startling red-deer scuds the plain.

in extended use.1895 G. Meredith Amazing Marriage I. iv. 41 Immense was the range of vision scudding the peaks.

5. dialect.

Categories »

a. To throw (a flat stone) so as to make it skim the surface of a body of water.

b. To shoot or discharge (a load of herrings) into the hold of a vessel.See Eng. Dial. Dict., and cf. scudding-pole n. at Compounds, scudding-stone n. at scudding n.¹ Compounds.

ΚΠ

1874 E. W. H. Holdsworth Deep-sea Fishing 110 ‘Scudding the fish’, as it is termed, enables them to be easily shaken out of the net, whence they fall on the deck and then through temporary openings into the well or hold.

6. Scottish. To slap, beat, strike, spank; to beat down.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)]

swingc725

slayc825

knockc1000

platOE

swengea1225

swipa1225

kill?c1225

girdc1275

hitc1275

befta1300

anhitc1300

frapa1330

lushc1330

reddec1330

takec1330

popc1390

swapa1400

jod?14..

quella1425

suffetc1440

smith1451

nolpc1540

bedunch1567

percuss1575

noba1586

affrap1590

cuff?1611

doda1661

buffa1796

pug1802

nob1811

scud1814

bunt1825

belt1838

duntle1850

punt1886

plunk1888

potch1892

to stick one on1910

clunk1943

zonk1950

1814 W. Nicholson Tales in Verse 123 And farmers, keen to cut the crap, Lest win's should scud it.

1866 J. Smith Merry Bridal (ed. 2) 23 Lassie, when I get ye I'll scud ye till I'm sair.

1925 Rec. Home & Foreign Mission Wk. United Free Church Scotl. Dec. 569/2 The risen wind scudded my cheek—wet, stinging, and with the bite of the sea.

1976 Scotsman 24 Dec. (Weekend Suppl.) 1/1 Any more cracks and I'll scud yer hint end for ye.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scudv.²

Etymology: Of obscure origin: compare scuds n.

Scottish ? Obsolete.

transitive. ‘To quaff, to drink liberally’ (Jamieson, 1808).

ΚΠ

a1728 A. Ramsay Monk & Miller's Wife 3 You wha laughing scud brown Ale, Leave Jinks a wee, and hear a Tale.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

scudv.³

Brit.

/skʌd/, U.S.

/skəd/

Etymology: ? < scud n.²

1. dialect. (See quot. 1788.)

ΚΠ

1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 350 Scud, to clean or scrape with a ‘spittle’ [i.e. a small spade].

2. Tanning. To remove remaining hairs, dirt, etc., from (skins or hides) with a hand-knife.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > work with skins [verb (transitive)] > clean hide

scud1880

stone1885

1880 Times 27 Sept. 12/6 The cost of unhairing, fleshing, and scudding all kinds of skins appears to have been reduced.

1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 372/2 The..remaining hairs, and other dirt, can now be very readily scudded out.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scudv.⁴

Brit.

/skʌd/, U.S.

/skəd/

Etymology: Belongs to scud n.³

dialect.

transitive. To make straw into ‘scuds’.

ΚΠ

1803 Ann. Agric. 40 332 Straw..twisted together (provincially called skudded) is used [in covering drains].

1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 i. 40 The system of shallow parallel drains filled with wood and straw, or straw only, twisted or ‘scudded’, is universally adopted.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1609

n.²a1642

n.³1843

v.¹1532

v.²a1728

v.³1788

v.⁴1803

单词	scud
释义	scudn.¹ Brit. /skʌd/, U.S. /skəd/ Forms: Also 1600s scudde, 1700s scudd. Etymology: < scud v.¹; in some uses perhaps onomatopoeic. 1. a. The action of scudding; hurried movement. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > [noun] > swift movement scud1609 spin1891 1609 B. Jonson Case is Alterd iii. sig. G^v O how she skudded, O sweet scud, how she tripped, O delicate trip and goe. View more context for this quotation 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Scud, the Course or motion of the Clouds, in Fleeting. 1853 J. F. W. Herschel Pop. Lect. Sci. (1873) i. §54. 42 The scud of the clouds before the wind. 1880 G. Meredith Tragic Comedians II. x. 156 At times he came flashing through the scud of her thoughts. b. A certain figure in skating. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skating > [noun] > figure-skating > figure > specific figure or movement spread eagle1823 Q1852 grapevine1868 loop1869 rocking turn1869 Mohawk1880 vine1891 bracket1892 Choctaw1892 counter1892 rocker1892 scud1892 three1895 toe-spin1921 death spiral1933 1892 Gentlewoman's Bk. Sports I. 145 The hand-in-hand figures, such as the Mercury, the Q scud, the half-double scud [etc.]. 2. a. Light clouds driven rapidly before the wind. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > [noun] > a cloud > (mass of) clouds > driven by wind rackc1400 ratch1558 scud1670 cloud-rack1847 1670 J. Dryden & W. Davenant Shakespeare's Tempest i. 1 The Scud comes against the Wind, 'twill blow hard. 1764 W. Falconer Shipwreck (new ed.) ii. 44 The winds arise, And swift the scud in dark succession flies. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles i. xiii. 20 The darkening scud comes on. 1885 H. O. Forbes Naturalist's Wanderings Eastern Archipel. 209 Peaks..along whose flanks the clouds rolled upwards in white humps and scuds. b. A driving shower (of rain or snow). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [noun] > a or the fall of rain > shower > driving or slanting drifta1400 scud1687 slanting1980 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant ii. 187 With every change [of wind] we had a scud of Wind and Rain. a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1752) 3 After such a scudd of rain cool cloudy weather ensues. 1823 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 16 Aug. 417 I had but one little scud during the day: just enough for St. Swithin to swear by. 1879 Good Words Jan. 48 The rain blowing in drizzling scuds. c. A sudden gust of wind. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > blast or gust of ghosteOE blasta1000 blas?c1225 ragec1405 blorec1440 flaw1513 thud1513 flaga1522 fuddera1522 flake1555 flan1572 whid?1590 flirta1592 gust1594 berry1598 wind-catch1610 snuff1613 stress1625 flash1653 blow1655 fresh1662 scud1694 flurry1698 gush1704 flam1711 waff1727 flawer1737 Roger's Blasta1825 flaff1827 slat1840 scart1861 rodges-blast1879 huffle1889 slap1890 slammer1891 Sir Roger1893 1694 P. A. Motteux Wks. F. Rabelais (1737) v. xviii. 76 Some Gusts, or Scuds of Wind..arose. 1863 ‘C. Bede’ Tour in Tartan-land 293 I beheld my wife..borne in a wild scud immediately in front of the three-abreast horses. 1893 ‘Q’ Delectable Duchy 193 A sullen pond, over which the wind drove in scuds. d. Ocean foam or spray driven by the wind; also transferred of ice or snow. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > foam or surf > [noun] > spray spindrifta1614 spray1626 spoondrift1769 scud1850 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > snow > [noun] > the falling of snow > snow driven by wind ewdendrift1630 yird-drift1820 snowdrift1836 reek1894 spindrift1961 scud1969 1850 B. Taylor Eldorado I. xxi. 216 Bailing out the scud thrown over the gunwale by every surge. 1894 N. Brooks Tales Maine Coast 218 The air was drenched with spume and flying scud. in extended use.1885 W. D. Howells Rise Silas Lapham ii. 48 She..was..shielding her face from the scud of ice flung from the mare's heels.1969 N. W. Parsons Upon Sagebrush Harp xv. 85 Usually, at dawn the wind died and a knee-high scud sharp as glass would skitter sullenly along the surface of the hard-packed snow. e. attributive. Also in combinations, as scud-like adj. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > [adjective] > driven before the wind racking1590 scud1860 1860 Mercantile Marine Mag. 7 342 Light scud clouds driving across heavy masses show wind and rain. 1866 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 138 A ‘dirty’ looking kind of clouds, scud-like, rising. 1897 Daily News 4 Mar. 7/1 The boat disappeared in a yeast of scud rain and spindrift. 3. School slang. A swift runner. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > going swiftly on foot > [noun] > running > a runner > a swift runner hare-footc1410 flight1579 swift-foot1825 scud1857 sharpshins1883 rabbit1925 speedster1927 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. v. 107 You ain't a bad scud, not by no means. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. vii Unless you're a first-rate scud. Draft additions June 2018 English regional (south-western). A scab; the crust that forms over a healing wound or sore. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > wound > scab crust1398 roinc1400 scabc1400 scurfc1440 rovea1500 rig-ruff1611 incrustation1656 scud1825 crusta1842 1825 J. Jennings Observ. Dial. W. Eng. 66 Scud, a scab. 1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) I have hit the scud off my finger and made it bleed again. 1993 K. C. Phillipps Gloss. Cornish Dial. (1998) 50 Don't dig the scud off, or you'll have a bad place there. 2012 @beckikn0x 13 Dec. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Ew, got a massive scud on my nose. 2014 @Lawsonwho_ 20 July in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Picked a scud in my nose and..felt the blood before it started pouring out my nose. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scudn.² Brit. /skʌd/, U.S. /skəd/ †1. Dirt, refuse. Obsolete. ΘΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun] > dirt removed in cleaning washingsc1330 purginga1398 scouring1588 purgament1597 cleansing1608 fullage1611 sordes1640 scuda1642 offscouring1655 offage1727 outscourings1828 cleaning1855 a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 100 For nowe the scudde and scumme passed away, and the dyke was as cleare and fresh att the last as att the first. 2. Coal Mining. (See quot. 1883¹.) ΚΠ 1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 59 Scud or ming coal. 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Scud, iron pyrites embedded in coal seams. 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Scud (Leicester), very thin layers of soft matter, such as clay, sooty coal, &c. 3. Tanning. Dirt, lime, fat, and fragments of hair which must be removed from a hide. Cf. scud v.³ 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > [noun] > parts or dirt removed from hide tawing1611 skivinga1825 fleshing1860 scud1885 society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > [noun] > cleaning hides > material cleaned from hides scud1885 1885 A. Watt Art of Leather Manuf. xxvi. 324 The ‘scud’ is removed by working the pelt upon the beam with the blunt knife. 1969 T. C. Thorstensen Pract. Leather Technol. vi. 96 The hair-destruction system may result in uneven swelling and in the formation of scud (surface dirt) on the hides. 1969 T. C. Thorstensen Pract. Leather Technol. vi. 98 The strong oxidizing action of the chlorine dioxide and chlorine results in the bleaching of the hair, and there is no dark scud left on the hide. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scudn.³ Brit. /skʌd/, U.S. /skəd/ Etymology: Belongs to scud v.⁴ dialect. A wisp of twisted straw, used for stopping a drain. ΚΠ 1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 i. 26 We fill up either with haulm.., or ling,..or a scud of straw, or turf. 1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 ii. 279 The materials..are ‘haulm’ (stubble), straw, ‘scuds’ (twisted straw), ling, or bushes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scudv.¹ Brit. /skʌd/, U.S. /skəd/ Forms: Also 1500s scudde, skude, squdde, 1500s–1600s scudd, 1500s–1700s skud, 1600s scude. past tense 1600s scud; past participle 1500s scudde. Etymology: Of obscure etymology. First recorded in the 16th cent., but probably much older in colloquial use. The initial sc shows that the word cannot descend from Old English: if not formed onomatopoeically or by phonetic symbolism, it was presumably adopted either from Scandinavian or from Low German or Dutch. Formally, a possible origin would be Middle Low German, Middle Dutch schudden to shake ( < Old Saxon scuddian), whence Swedish skudda, Danish skudde; but the sense seems not sufficiently near. The Old Norse skunda, to hasten, agrees in sense but not in form. It has been usual to refer the word to Danish skyde (with long vowel) to shoot (= Old Norse skióta), skud shot (= Old Norse skot), but the Danish change of t into d is a late development, and is not represented in English words of Anglo-Danish origin. It may be noted that several dialects have a synonymous scut (verb), of which scud may be an altered form. As the earliest instance of scud refers to the movement of a hare, and this has always been a prominent application of the verb, it seems possible that it may be connected with scut (noun), the tail of a hare, sometimes applied to the animal itself. 1. a. intransitive. To run or move briskly or hurriedly; to dart nimbly from place to place. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > move swiftly [verb (intransitive)] lakeOE flyOE runOE scour13.. jace1393 hie1398 spina1400 fleetc1400 glentc1400 stripc1400 suea1450 carryc1450 speed1488 scud1532 streek1598 winga1616 to clip it1616 hackney1617 swifta1618 whirryc1630 dust1673 whew1684 race1702 stroke1735 cut1797 spank1807 skid1815 speela1818 crack1824 skimmer1824 slap1827 clip1832 skeet1838 marvel1841 lick1850 travel1850 rush1852 zip1852 sail1876 rabbit1887 move1906 high-tail1908 to ball the jack1914 buzz1914 shift1922 giddap1938 burn1942 hoosh1943 bomb1966 shred1977 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 721/2 Tindall hath, as ye haue hearde, scudded in & out lyke an hare y^t had .xx. brace of greyhoundes after her. ?1553 Respublica (1952) v. viii. 56 I have trodde and scudde tyll my winde is almost paste. 1567 T. Drant tr. Horace Pistles in tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie sig. Bviij^v Sumtymes I skude abowt the towne In ciuyll matters drounde. 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iv. sig. H My sinewes tremble, and my panting heart Scuds round about my bosome to goe out. 1613 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals I. ii. 25 The Trout within the weedes did scud. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 344 Animals..bounding over the Hills, and skudding along the Plains. 1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II i. lxx. 43 Some Richmond-hill ascend, some scud to Ware. 1822 Countess Granville Let. 10 Mar. (1894) I. 223 I never saw him so slim and active, and he scuds into dinner [etc.]. 1830 Ld. Tennyson How & Why 30 The black owl scuds down the mellow twilight. 1866 J. H. Newman Dream of Gerontius iv. 30 They scud away as cowards from the fight. 1894 A. I. Ritchie Chapters from Mem. ix. 131 He stood looking at us fixedly,..and the train scudded off. b. In the imperative: Be off! Make haste! ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (intransitive)] scud1602 go scrape!1611 to push off (also along)1740 to go it1797 to walk one's chalks1835 morris1838 scat1838 go 'long1859 to take a walk1881 shoot1897 skidoo1905 to beat it1906 to go to the dickens1910 to jump (or go (and) jump) in the lake1912 scram1928 to piss offa1935 to bugger off1937 to fuck off1940 go and have a roll1941 eff1945 to feck off?1945 to get lost1947 to sod off1950 bug1956 to hit, split or take the breeze1959 naff1959 frig1965 muck1974 to rack off1975 the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move with urgent speed rempeOE fuseOE rakeOE hiec1175 i-fusec1275 rekec1275 hastec1300 pellc1300 platc1300 startc1300 buskc1330 rapc1330 rapec1330 skip1338 firk1340 chase1377 raikc1390 to hie one's waya1400 catchc1400 start?a1505 spur1513 hasten1534 to make speed1548 post1553 hurry1602 scud1602 curry1608 to put on?1611 properate1623 post-haste1628 whirryc1630 dust1650 kite1854 to get a move on1888 to hump it1888 belt1890 to get (or put) one's skates on1895 hotfoot1896 to rattle one's dags1968 shimmy1969 1602 T. Dekker Blurt Master-Constable sig. F2^v Nay scud..be gone and Mum. 1649 Duke of Newcastle Country Captaine iii. 51 Scud and bringe wine you varletts. c1854 W. M. Thackeray Wolves & Lamb i, in Wks. (1869) XXII. 353 There's the outer bell. Scud, you vagabond! 2. To sail or move swiftly on the water. Now chiefly (and in technical nautical use exclusively), to run before a gale with little or no sail. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > [verb (intransitive)] > swiftly crowd937 runOE shootc1540 scud1582 winga1616 gale1692 ramp1856 society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > sail before the wind scud1582 spoon1588 spoom1628 to stand down1635 to bear down1671 skid1815 to roll down to St. Helena1834 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 58 Italye see yoonder: thither with nauye be squdding. a1592 R. Greene Orpharion (1599) 39 (Song of Arion) Seated vpon the crooked Dolphins back, Scudding amidst the purple coloured waues:..Neptune..Threw forth such stormes as [etc.]. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvii. 951 Pausistratus..skudded amaine with his ship to the entrance of the haven. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. ii. 17 She scuds before the Sea very well. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis v, in tr. Virgil Wks. 359 They scud before the Wind. a1704 T. Brown Walk round London in 3rd Vol. Wks. (1708) iii. 60 The next [person] that we met was a jolly Parson, skudding from Lambeth-House in a Skuller. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Scudding A ship either scuds with a sail extended on her fore-mast, or, if the storm is excessive, without any sail, which..is called scudding under bare poles. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. vi. 128 Having fairly scudded before the gale, we arrived by the middle of the day at the Sauce posta. 1884 A. Brassey in Good Words Mar. 163/1 There was too much wind to scud. 3. Of clouds, foam, etc.: To be driven by the wind. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > [verb (intransitive)] > be driven by the wind drive1565 rack1590 scud1699 1699 S. Garth Dispensary v. 58 The rising Mists skud o're the dewy Lawns. 1796 S. T. Coleridge Songs of Pixies ii, in Poems Var. Subj. 18 When..scuds the cloud before the gale. 1832 Ld. Tennyson Dream Fair Women xvi, in Poems (new ed.) 126 Crisp foamflakes scud along the level sand, Torn from the fringe of spray. 1853 C. Brontë Villette III. xl. 250 They [the hours] passed like drift cloud—like the rack scudding before a storm. 4. transitive. To pass, travel, or sail quickly over. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (transitive)] > traverse a distance or ground > rapidly scourc1380 skirra1616 scud1632 bescour1837 to swallow up1890 to eat up1898 to burn up1909 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 424 Then scud I France, and cross'd the Pyrheneise. c1750 W. Shenstone Ruin'd Abbey 197 His less'ning flock In snowy groups diffusive scud the vale. 1803 in W. Scott Minstrelsy Sc. Border (ed. 2) III. 389 The startling red-deer scuds the plain. in extended use.1895 G. Meredith Amazing Marriage I. iv. 41 Immense was the range of vision scudding the peaks. 5. dialect. Categories » a. To throw (a flat stone) so as to make it skim the surface of a body of water. b. To shoot or discharge (a load of herrings) into the hold of a vessel.See Eng. Dial. Dict., and cf. scudding-pole n. at Compounds, scudding-stone n. at scudding n.¹ Compounds. ΚΠ 1874 E. W. H. Holdsworth Deep-sea Fishing 110 ‘Scudding the fish’, as it is termed, enables them to be easily shaken out of the net, whence they fall on the deck and then through temporary openings into the well or hold. 6. Scottish. To slap, beat, strike, spank; to beat down. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] swingc725 slayc825 knockc1000 platOE swengea1225 swipa1225 kill?c1225 girdc1275 hitc1275 befta1300 anhitc1300 frapa1330 lushc1330 reddec1330 takec1330 popc1390 swapa1400 jod?14.. quella1425 suffetc1440 smith1451 nolpc1540 bedunch1567 percuss1575 noba1586 affrap1590 cuff?1611 doda1661 buffa1796 pug1802 nob1811 scud1814 bunt1825 belt1838 duntle1850 punt1886 plunk1888 potch1892 to stick one on1910 clunk1943 zonk1950 1814 W. Nicholson Tales in Verse 123 And farmers, keen to cut the crap, Lest win's should scud it. 1866 J. Smith Merry Bridal (ed. 2) 23 Lassie, when I get ye I'll scud ye till I'm sair. 1925 Rec. Home & Foreign Mission Wk. United Free Church Scotl. Dec. 569/2 The risen wind scudded my cheek—wet, stinging, and with the bite of the sea. 1976 Scotsman 24 Dec. (Weekend Suppl.) 1/1 Any more cracks and I'll scud yer hint end for ye. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scudv.² Etymology: Of obscure origin: compare scuds n. Scottish ? Obsolete. transitive. ‘To quaff, to drink liberally’ (Jamieson, 1808). ΚΠ a1728 A. Ramsay Monk & Miller's Wife 3 You wha laughing scud brown Ale, Leave Jinks a wee, and hear a Tale. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2019). scudv.³ Brit. /skʌd/, U.S. /skəd/ Etymology: ? < scud n.² 1. dialect. (See quot. 1788.) ΚΠ 1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 350 Scud, to clean or scrape with a ‘spittle’ [i.e. a small spade]. 2. Tanning. To remove remaining hairs, dirt, etc., from (skins or hides) with a hand-knife. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > work with skins [verb (transitive)] > clean hide scud1880 stone1885 1880 Times 27 Sept. 12/6 The cost of unhairing, fleshing, and scudding all kinds of skins appears to have been reduced. 1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 372/2 The..remaining hairs, and other dirt, can now be very readily scudded out. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scudv.⁴ Brit. /skʌd/, U.S. /skəd/ Etymology: Belongs to scud n.³ dialect. transitive. To make straw into ‘scuds’. ΚΠ 1803 Ann. Agric. 40 332 Straw..twisted together (provincially called skudded) is used [in covering drains]. 1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 i. 40 The system of shallow parallel drains filled with wood and straw, or straw only, twisted or ‘scudded’, is universally adopted. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1609n.²a1642n.³1843v.¹1532v.²a1728v.³1788v.⁴1803
随便看	get the wrong end of the stick get thee away, hence, in, out get thee behind me, satan get thee gone get thee you away, hence, in, out get thee you gone get theirs get there get there fustest with the mostest get through get through the court get through with get to get to be in a person's ribs get to be in ribs get to first base get to grips with get to hell out get to hell out of get to know get to rights get to second base get to the bottom of get to the point get to third base

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