scratchern.

Brit.

/ˈskratʃə/, U.S.

/ˈskrætʃər/

Etymology: < scratch v. + -er suffix¹.

a. One who scratches, in various senses of the verb.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun] > ploughman or woman

earthlingOE

ploughman1223

earmana1250

ploughswain1296

earera1382

plougher?1518

balker1549

scratcher1557

bawker1591

plough-jogger1600

plough-jobber1667

plough woman1783

tailsman1867

society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > [noun] > struggling to get or make money > one who

scratcher1557

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > [noun] > one who or that which rubs or scrapes

froterer1607

scratcher1674

scraper1788

scrubber1839

abrader1849

abrasive1850

scourer1859

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > engraving > [noun] > engraver

sculptor1634

under-engraver1656

engraver1705

scratcher1736

scraper1763

print cutter1766

block-cutter1859

burinista1864

point-draughtsman1872

cutter1880

print trimmer1892

1557 R. Edgeworth Serm. very Fruitfull Repert. Giuers of their owne shale be riche, scratchers of other mens be euer at beggers state.

1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge To Rdr. They must look for no better fare from a world of Bears and Scratchers, than [etc.].

1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ II. at Scalptor A graver, a cutter in metal, a scratcher, an etcher.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 104 His master declared he was the best scratcher in the family.

1852 W. Jerdan Autobiogr. I. xxiv. 203 We have a considerable proportion of very superficial scratchers of the soil, both among authors and critics.

b. Ornithology. Used in plural to render modern Latin Rasores, in Illiger's system (1811) an order of birds including the families Gallinacei, Epollicati, Columbini, Crypturi and Inepti. Cf. scraper n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > that scratches ground > collective

Rasores1828

scratcher1831

1831 J. Rennie Montagu's Ornithol. Dict. (ed. 2) 399 Rasores (Illiger), Scratchers, a family of birds who scratch their food from the earth.

1851 G. F. Richardson Introd. Geol. (1855) 310 4th Order.—Rasores (or Scratchers, fig. 213).

c. U.S. Politics. A voter who ‘scratches’, i.e. declines to support some of the candidates named on his party ticket. Cf. paster n.

ΚΠ

1880 Scribner's Monthly Feb. 621/2 Mr. Evarts will be obliged to look among the ‘scratchers’,..for the indorsement of..Civil Service Reform.

1883 Atlantic Monthly 52 327 To whom a ‘scratcher’ or a ‘bolter’ is more hateful than the Beast.

d. In certain trades: A scratch-brusher.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > one who > with scratch-brush

scratcher?1881

scratch-brusher1885

?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 96 Electro and other Plated Ware Manufacturer..Scratcher.

1884 Birmingham Daily Post 24 Jan. 3/3 Chandelier-Trade.—Women Scratchers wanted.

e. Originally U.S. Cant. (See quots.)

ΚΠ

1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 77/2 Scratcher, a forger; a copyist.

1894 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 454 A professional forgery gang consists of: First, a capitalist or backer; second, the actual forger, who is known among his associates as the ‘scratcher’.

1927 Writer's Monthly Nov. 387/2 Forgers, and floaters of bad money, checks or commercial paper, are ‘scratchers’, ‘scratchmen’ and ‘shovers’.

1941 V. Davis Phenomena in Crime iv. 48 The actual forger, known by such names as ‘the scratcher’, ‘the scribe’, ‘the penman’, may consider himself extremely fortunate if his period of office exceeds two years.

2. An instrument used for scratching.

a. A tool used in plastering to roughen the surface of the preliminary coating.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > plasterer's tools > other tools

scratcher1812

salamander1873

1812 P. Nicholson Mech. Exercises 312 (Plastering) Scratcher, the instrument for scratching the plaster, as its name implies.

1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 121/2 After the coat is laid on, it is scored in diagonal directions with a scratcher.

†b. = scratch-back n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > other toys > [noun] > scratch-back

scratcher1836

scratch-back1858

scratch-rattle1870

scratch-my-back1887

1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 329 The noise of these various instruments,..the shouting, the ‘scratchers’, and the dancing, is perfectly bewildering.

c. Combinations. (See quot. 1858.)

ΚΠ

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Scratcher-up, a bookbinder's tool.

1902 P. N. Hasluck Bookbinding iv. 52 After lightly pasting the back of each book, a ‘scratcher up’ is drawn several times..down the back.

d. A device put down an oil or gas well to clear the bore or create turbulence mechanically.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > clearing device

scratcher1877

torpedo1877

catch-alla1884

go-devil1885

1877 J. F. Carll Oil Well Rec. & Levels iv. 90 A ‘scratcher’ is a round brush..made of steel wire. When it is to be used the tubing is drawn from the well, a few barrels of benzine are poured in and the scratcher is..run down to the oil rock, where it is worked up and down..to scratch or scrub the walls of the well.

1974 D. K. Smith in P. L. Moore et al. Drilling Practices Manual xvi. 426 Scratchers or wall cleaners. 1. Rotating... 2. Reciprocating.

1974 D. K. Smith in P. L. Moore et al. Drilling Practices Manual xvi. 427 Install scratchers spaced according to location of permeable zones.

e. Forestry. (See quot.)

ΚΠ

1905 Terms Forestry & Logging (Bull. U.S. Dept. Agric., Bureau Forestry, No. 61) 19 Scratcher, an instrument used for marking trees.

Categories »

f. A cider mill in which the apples are torn to pieces instead of being crushed.

g. A day-book. U.S. colloquial.

ΚΠ

1887 Public Ledger (Philadelphia) 30 Dec. He [sc. a bank-teller] would not enter deposits in his scratcher after a certain hour.

Draft additions 1993

(a) A person, esp. a disc jockey, who employs ‘scratch’ techniques (see scratch n.¹ Additions); (b) a maker of scratch videos (s.v. scratch n.¹ Compounds 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > production or use of video recording > [noun] > maker of video recordings > using specific technique

scratcher1982

society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > [noun] > pop musician > types of

hard rocker1942

bebopper1946

skiffler1948

bopper1951

rock 'n' roller1955

rockabilly1956

rock star1957

rocker1958

rock idol1958

rockster1960

funkster1963

country rocker1964

punk rocker1972

punk1976

punkster1976

cock-rocker1977

MC1979

rapper1979

thrasher1979

New Romantic1980

prog rocker1980

neo-punk1981

pomp rocker1981

rapster1981

rockist1981

hip-hopper1982

scratcher1982

skanker1983

pop tart1984

trash rocker1984

techno-head1985

Goth1986

Britpopper1989

gangsta1989

gangster rapper1989

popstrel1989

gangsta rapper1990

house-head1990

grunger1991

shoegazer1991

junglist1992

trip-hopper1993

1982 Melody Maker 4 Dec. 12/3 Last week's invasion of our capital by a 19-strong squad of New York breakers, scratchers, rappers, skippers and grafitti artists.

1985 Times 5 Jan. 17/8 McLaren..now does for Puccini and Bizet what he did for the Bronx scratchers and breakers.

1985 M. Wilcox et al. Subverting Television (pamphlet) 1/2 Taking the opposite approach of the scratchers who cut fast and furious to convey their message, Young instead presents us with the power of slow, even mundane, human activity.

1989 Face Jan. 23 MCs Kelz and Krissy Kriss, along with scratcher Lynx, provide the harder edge of the Smith and Mighty sound.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	scratcher
释义	scratchern. Brit. /ˈskratʃə/, U.S. /ˈskrætʃər/ Etymology: < scratch v. + -er suffix¹. 1. a. One who scratches, in various senses of the verb. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun] > ploughman or woman earthlingOE ploughman1223 earmana1250 ploughswain1296 earera1382 plougher?1518 balker1549 scratcher1557 bawker1591 plough-jogger1600 plough-jobber1667 plough woman1783 tailsman1867 society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > [noun] > struggling to get or make money > one who scratcher1557 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > [noun] > one who or that which rubs or scrapes froterer1607 scratcher1674 scraper1788 scrubber1839 abrader1849 abrasive1850 scourer1859 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > engraving > [noun] > engraver sculptor1634 under-engraver1656 engraver1705 scratcher1736 scraper1763 print cutter1766 block-cutter1859 burinista1864 point-draughtsman1872 cutter1880 print trimmer1892 1557 R. Edgeworth Serm. very Fruitfull Repert. Giuers of their owne shale be riche, scratchers of other mens be euer at beggers state. 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge To Rdr. They must look for no better fare from a world of Bears and Scratchers, than [etc.]. 1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ II. at Scalptor A graver, a cutter in metal, a scratcher, an etcher. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 104 His master declared he was the best scratcher in the family. 1852 W. Jerdan Autobiogr. I. xxiv. 203 We have a considerable proportion of very superficial scratchers of the soil, both among authors and critics. b. Ornithology. Used in plural to render modern Latin Rasores, in Illiger's system (1811) an order of birds including the families Gallinacei, Epollicati, Columbini, Crypturi and Inepti. Cf. scraper n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > that scratches ground > collective Rasores1828 scratcher1831 1831 J. Rennie Montagu's Ornithol. Dict. (ed. 2) 399 Rasores (Illiger), Scratchers, a family of birds who scratch their food from the earth. 1851 G. F. Richardson Introd. Geol. (1855) 310 4th Order.—Rasores (or Scratchers, fig. 213). c. U.S. Politics. A voter who ‘scratches’, i.e. declines to support some of the candidates named on his party ticket. Cf. paster n. ΚΠ 1880 Scribner's Monthly Feb. 621/2 Mr. Evarts will be obliged to look among the ‘scratchers’,..for the indorsement of..Civil Service Reform. 1883 Atlantic Monthly 52 327 To whom a ‘scratcher’ or a ‘bolter’ is more hateful than the Beast. d. In certain trades: A scratch-brusher. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > one who > with scratch-brush scratcher?1881 scratch-brusher1885 ?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 96 Electro and other Plated Ware Manufacturer..Scratcher. 1884 Birmingham Daily Post 24 Jan. 3/3 Chandelier-Trade.—Women Scratchers wanted. e. Originally U.S. Cant. (See quots.) ΚΠ 1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 77/2 Scratcher, a forger; a copyist. 1894 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 454 A professional forgery gang consists of: First, a capitalist or backer; second, the actual forger, who is known among his associates as the ‘scratcher’. 1927 Writer's Monthly Nov. 387/2 Forgers, and floaters of bad money, checks or commercial paper, are ‘scratchers’, ‘scratchmen’ and ‘shovers’. 1941 V. Davis Phenomena in Crime iv. 48 The actual forger, known by such names as ‘the scratcher’, ‘the scribe’, ‘the penman’, may consider himself extremely fortunate if his period of office exceeds two years. 2. An instrument used for scratching. a. A tool used in plastering to roughen the surface of the preliminary coating. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > plasterer's tools > other tools scratcher1812 salamander1873 1812 P. Nicholson Mech. Exercises 312 (Plastering) Scratcher, the instrument for scratching the plaster, as its name implies. 1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 121/2 After the coat is laid on, it is scored in diagonal directions with a scratcher. †b. = scratch-back n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > other toys > [noun] > scratch-back scratcher1836 scratch-back1858 scratch-rattle1870 scratch-my-back1887 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 329 The noise of these various instruments,..the shouting, the ‘scratchers’, and the dancing, is perfectly bewildering. c. Combinations. (See quot. 1858.) ΚΠ 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Scratcher-up, a bookbinder's tool. 1902 P. N. Hasluck Bookbinding iv. 52 After lightly pasting the back of each book, a ‘scratcher up’ is drawn several times..down the back. d. A device put down an oil or gas well to clear the bore or create turbulence mechanically. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > clearing device scratcher1877 torpedo1877 catch-alla1884 go-devil1885 1877 J. F. Carll Oil Well Rec. & Levels iv. 90 A ‘scratcher’ is a round brush..made of steel wire. When it is to be used the tubing is drawn from the well, a few barrels of benzine are poured in and the scratcher is..run down to the oil rock, where it is worked up and down..to scratch or scrub the walls of the well. 1974 D. K. Smith in P. L. Moore et al. Drilling Practices Manual xvi. 426 Scratchers or wall cleaners. 1. Rotating... 2. Reciprocating. 1974 D. K. Smith in P. L. Moore et al. Drilling Practices Manual xvi. 427 Install scratchers spaced according to location of permeable zones. e. Forestry. (See quot.) ΚΠ 1905 Terms Forestry & Logging (Bull. U.S. Dept. Agric., Bureau Forestry, No. 61) 19 Scratcher, an instrument used for marking trees. Categories » f. A cider mill in which the apples are torn to pieces instead of being crushed. g. A day-book. U.S. colloquial. ΚΠ 1887 Public Ledger (Philadelphia) 30 Dec. He [sc. a bank-teller] would not enter deposits in his scratcher after a certain hour. Draft additions 1993 (a) A person, esp. a disc jockey, who employs ‘scratch’ techniques (see scratch n.¹ Additions); (b) a maker of scratch videos (s.v. scratch n.¹ Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > production or use of video recording > [noun] > maker of video recordings > using specific technique scratcher1982 society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > [noun] > pop musician > types of hard rocker1942 bebopper1946 skiffler1948 bopper1951 rock 'n' roller1955 rockabilly1956 rock star1957 rocker1958 rock idol1958 rockster1960 funkster1963 country rocker1964 punk rocker1972 punk1976 punkster1976 cock-rocker1977 MC1979 rapper1979 thrasher1979 New Romantic1980 prog rocker1980 neo-punk1981 pomp rocker1981 rapster1981 rockist1981 hip-hopper1982 scratcher1982 skanker1983 pop tart1984 trash rocker1984 techno-head1985 Goth1986 Britpopper1989 gangsta1989 gangster rapper1989 popstrel1989 gangsta rapper1990 house-head1990 grunger1991 shoegazer1991 junglist1992 trip-hopper1993 1982 Melody Maker 4 Dec. 12/3 Last week's invasion of our capital by a 19-strong squad of New York breakers, scratchers, rappers, skippers and grafitti artists. 1985 Times 5 Jan. 17/8 McLaren..now does for Puccini and Bizet what he did for the Bronx scratchers and breakers. 1985 M. Wilcox et al. Subverting Television (pamphlet) 1/2 Taking the opposite approach of the scratchers who cut fast and furious to convey their message, Young instead presents us with the power of slow, even mundane, human activity. 1989 Face Jan. 23 MCs Kelz and Krissy Kriss, along with scratcher Lynx, provide the harder edge of the Smith and Mighty sound. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1557
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