blackthornn.

Brit.

/ˈblakθɔːn/, U.S.

/ˈblækˌθɔrn/

Forms: see black adj. and thorn n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., thorn n.

Etymology: < black adj. + thorn n. In sense 1a probably with reference to the dark colour of the naked branches, with which the white flowers form a striking contrast; compare post-classical Latin spina nigra (8th cent., 13th cent. in British sources), Anglo-Norman neire espine, Middle French, French épine noire (13th cent. or earlier in Old French).Earlier currency (in Old English) is implied by quot. a1425¹ at sense 1a (from a copy of a charter of 942). In Old English the first element was apparently treated as a normal adjective inflected for case and number. Compare also the following examples of Old English blæc in collocation with þyrne (a weak feminine (jōn -stem) derivative from the same Germanic base as thorn n.):OE Bounds (Sawyer 772) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1893) III. 517 Andlang fennes up on þære dune to þære blacan þyrnan.a1200 ( Bounds (Sawyer 1599) in D. Hooke Worcs. Anglo-Saxon Charter-bounds (1990) 408 Of cyricstige on ða blacan þyrnan on easthalfan lytel. Attested earlier in place names (and surnames derived from them), as Blaketorn, Oxfordshire (1190; now Blackthorn), Blakethorne, Worcestershire (1255; now Blaythorn Farm), Johannes de Blakeþorne (1275), Blakethorn (field name), Sandiacre, Derbyshire (13th cent.), etc. Compare also Blakeyern (field name), Lambourn, Berkshire (early 13th cent.), Blakethurne (field name), Sapperton, Gloucestershire (1250–60), Le Blakeyurne (field name), East Shefford, Berkshire (13th cent.), all reflecting a compound of the Old English weak feminine by-form.

a. A Eurasian thorny shrub or small tree, Prunus spinosa (family Rosaceae), with dark-coloured bark and stiff spiny branches, which produces white five-petalled flowers before the leaves appear, followed by astringent blue-black fruits (sloes); = sloe n. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > blackthorn or sloe bush

sloe-thornc725

blackthorna1325

sloe-treec1340

gribble1578

sloe1753

a1325 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 186 [Nigra Spina] anglice blacthorn.

a1425 ( Royal Charter: Edmund I to Wynflæd (Sawyer 485) in S. E. Kelly Charters of Shaftesbury Abbey (1996) 54 On [prob. read of] langhelee on þe blaken þorne [altered to þornes] northward, of þane blake þornen anlang hricge weges to þe beorge.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Dan. xiii. 58 Vndur a blak thorn [c1384 E.V. plum tree: L. prino].

1496 Treat. Fysshynge wyth Angle in Bk. St. Albans (rev. ed.) sig. hj^v Take a fayr shote of blacke thornne: crabbe tree: medeler.

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 13 Againe Hulder, blacke thorne, Serues tree [etc.]..make holow, starting, studding, gaddynge shaftes.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball vi. xlvii. 721 The wilde Plumme tree, Blacke thorne, and Sloo tree.

1634 W. Habington Castara ii. 62 Love shall in that tempestuous showre Her brightest blossome like the blacke-thorne show.

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ vi. 86 The Black-thorn (and Crab also) yields a very good Fencing branch.

1727 R. Bradley Compl. Body Husbandry 210 The product of these woods are chiefly horn-beam, black-thorn and white sallow.

1777 E. Jacob Plantæ Favershamienses 90 Prunus spinosa, the Black Thorn, or Sloe Tree.

1832 Ld. Tennyson New Year's Eve ii, in Poems (new ed.) 96 I shall never see The may upon the blackthorn, the leaf upon the tree.

1882 Garden 8 Apr. 241/1 One of the best flowering shrubs we know is the double-flowered Blackthorn.

1955 Times 26 Apr. 14/3 The blackthorn, with crowded white flowers on its thorny black network of twigs, sheeted the hedges as if with snow.

2004 Independent 30 Oct. 54/1 Since blackthorns are wild plants, often growing in tough, exposed situations, they do not need cossetting in the garden.

b. A walking stick or cudgel made of the stem of this shrub.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > club or stick > [noun]

sowelc893

treec893

cudgelc897

stinga900

bat?c1225

sticka1275

clubc1275

truncheon14..

bourdonc1325

bastona1400

warderera1400

plantc1400

kibble1411

playloomc1440

hurlbatc1450

ploykc1450

rung1491

libberlac1500

waster1533

batonc1550

macana1555

libbet1562

bastinado1574

crab-tree comb1593

tomahawkc1612

billeta1616

wiper1622

batoon1637

gibbeta1640

crab-bat1647

kibbo1688

Indian club1694

batterdasher1696

crab-stick1703

bloodwipea1705

bludgeon1730

kierie1731

oaken towel1739

crab1740

shillelagh1772

knobstick1783

pogamogganc1788

whirlbat1791

nulla-nulla1798

waddy1800

kevel1807

supple1815

mere1820

hurlet1825

knobkerrie1826

blackthorn1829

bastera1833

twig1842

leangle1845

alpeen1847

banger1849

billy1856

thwack-stave1857

clump1868

cosh1869

nulla1878

sap1899

waddy1899

blunt instrument1923

1829 G. Griffin Collegians I. iv. 31 Masther Hardress heerd 'em, and he having a stout blackthorn in his hand..made up to the foremost of 'em.

1829 W. H. Maxwell Stories Waterloo 202 An hundred blackthorns rattled above my head.

1893 W. R. Le Fanu 70 Years Irish Life iii. 32 One man..marched up and down, flourishing his blackthorn, and shouting the battle-cry of his faction.

1920 K. Tynan Denys the Dreamer xxiv. 227 Jamesy Geraghty advanced on Denys, brandishing a big blackthorn.

1995 E. Toman Dancing in Limbo ii. 68 The driver and her helper had grabbed their blackthorns and leapt down to sort out an argument which had flared in the roadway in front of them.

2. North American.

a. More fully † American blackthorn. Any of several kinds of hawthorn (genus Crataegus), esp. C. calpodendron (formerly C. tomentosa). Also called pear thorn. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > hawthorn and allies

hawthorna700

hawthorn-treec1290

whitethorna1300

haw-treec1325

albespyne?a1425

thorn-tree1483

mespilus1548

may-branch1560

quickthorn1571

hedge-bush1576

busket1579

May-bush1579

Neapolitan medlar1597

azarole1658

pyracanth1664

white bush1676

Glastonbury thorna1697

quick1727

evergreen thorn1731

blackthorn1737

whitethorn1788

oriental medlar1797

haw1821

May-haw1840

Maythorn1844

May1848

pear thorn1848

pink thorn1852

aronia thorn1882

scarlet thorn1882

black haw1897

1737 J. Brickell Nat. Hist. N.-Carolina 79 The Black Thorn..grows plentifully in several parts of this Province.

1798 Trans. N.Y. State Soc. Agric. 1 iii. 18 The black thorn has been destroyed by a worm that preys upon its twigs.

1832 Q. Jrnl. Agric. 3 No. 18. 972 The American black-thorn is also a good fence and is rejected by the cattle who browse upon and destroy the Virginian.

1844 G. Emerson Johnson's Farmer's Encycl. (new ed.) 187/1 What is commonly called the black thorn in the United States is not the sloe or black haw,..but the yellow Cratægus of botanists.

1876 E. A. Curley Nebraska 325 The hawthorns should not be overlooked by the amateur horticulturalist. The blackthorn, Cratægus tormentosa [sic], and its variety malis, are most abundant.

1913 H. H. Gibson Amer. Forest Trees 459 It is known in different parts of its range as black thorn, red haw, pear thorn, white thorn, common thorn, hawthorn, thorn apple, and thorn plum.

b. A prickly acacia, Acacia farnesiana, of tropical America. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > acacia trees > [noun]

acacia1542

babul1696

marblewood1753

black wattle1802

popinac1809

wattlec1810

wattle-treec1810

giraffe tree1815

haakdoring1822

hookthorn1822

kameeldoorn1822

camel-thorn1824

catechu-tree1829

silver wattle1832

blackthorn1833

thorny acacia1834

boobyalla1835

seyal1844

mulga1848

thorn-wood1850

hackthorn1857

mimosa1857

poison tree1857

Port Jackson1857

talha1857

golden wattle1859

whitethorn acacia1860

buffalo thorn1866

nelia1867

siris1874

cassie1876

couba1878

needlebush1884

sallow wattle1884

sally1884

giddea1885

prickly Moses1887

yarran1888

opopanax tree1889

wait-a-while1889

fever tree1893

giraffe acacia1896

stay-a-while1898

brigalow1901

wirra1904

cootamundra1909

Sydney golden wattle1909

witchetty bush1911

rooikrans1917

jam-tree1934

whistling thorn1949

blackthorn1966

1833 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 6) ii. 1 A. farnesiana, (black thorn)... New Orleans.

1850 A. H. Lincoln Familiar Lect. Bot. (new ed.) 69/1 Acacia..farnesiana, (black thorn..) leaves bipinnate, leaflets 8-paired... Flowers fragrant.

1912 Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 21 121 There are many dye-plants among the Acacias. The Black Thorn (A. farnesiana Willd.) furnishes a red dye which is used in Guam.

3. Chiefly South African. Either of two African acacias, the gum arabic tree, Acacia nilotica and (more commonly) the South African A. mellifera, which has hooked black thorns.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > acacia trees > [noun]

acacia1542

babul1696

marblewood1753

black wattle1802

popinac1809

wattlec1810

wattle-treec1810

giraffe tree1815

haakdoring1822

hookthorn1822

kameeldoorn1822

camel-thorn1824

catechu-tree1829

silver wattle1832

blackthorn1833

thorny acacia1834

boobyalla1835

seyal1844

mulga1848

thorn-wood1850

hackthorn1857

mimosa1857

poison tree1857

Port Jackson1857

talha1857

golden wattle1859

whitethorn acacia1860

buffalo thorn1866

nelia1867

siris1874

cassie1876

couba1878

needlebush1884

sallow wattle1884

sally1884

giddea1885

prickly Moses1887

yarran1888

opopanax tree1889

wait-a-while1889

fever tree1893

giraffe acacia1896

stay-a-while1898

brigalow1901

wirra1904

cootamundra1909

Sydney golden wattle1909

witchetty bush1911

rooikrans1917

jam-tree1934

whistling thorn1949

blackthorn1966

1966 C. A. Smith Common Names S. Afr. Plants 111 Black thorn, Acacia nilotica.

1992 Philatelic Services Bull. (S. Afr. Post Office) 61 The black thorn is a valuable fodder and provides good shade once it has developed into a tree.

2001 K. Glowczewska tr. R. Kapuściński Shadow of Sun 272 A spacious, peaceful, unpopulated savannah, on which grow acacias and blackthorn bushes.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as blackthorn bush, blackthorn leaf, blackthorn tree, etc.; instrumental, as blackthorn-fleeced adj.

ΚΠ

1596 A. T. Rich Store-house ii. f. 57^v Take Piony-rootes one handfull, and a handfull of Mistleto that groweth in a Blackthorne Tree.

1604 N. Breton Passionate Shepheard (1877) 10/2 And for her teeth, no Granam studdes, Nor like the Knagges of Blacke-thorne buddes.

1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 249 [He] first laid at the bottom green Black-thorn bushes, and on them a stratum of large round stones.

1759 T. Perfect Pract. of Gardening 21 When the seeds are covered, lay two or three pieces of blackthorn bush upon the bed.

1776 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. (1778) 13 Oct. Yesterday I set a young lad,—but he is expert,—to trim the ditch-side of a rough black-thorn hedge.

1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well II. ii. 40 Tea, madam!—I saw none—Ash leaves and black-thorn leaves were brought in.

1887 All Year Round 28 May 444/1 The birds are singing bravely,..with soloists warbling and flourishing from the blackthorn hedge.

1948 C. Day Lewis Poems 1943–7 84 Walking by blackthorn-fleeced Hedges to church.

1950 Times 30 Mar. 8/3 Blackthorn blossom hides many an early mist, and from behind its solid ramparts one has heard, in April, the nightingale's first notes.

1992 New Yorker 11 May 33/2 I nearly took my blackthorn stick and smashed the thing to atoms.

2004 Wildlife News May 10/1 (caption) Black hairstreak, found in the blackthorn ‘brakes’.

C2.

blackthorn winter n. English regional (chiefly midlands and southern) a period of very cold weather in late winter or early spring; cf. blackberry winter n. at blackberry n. Compounds 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cold weather > [noun] > cold spell > in spring

after-winter1593

blackthorn wintera1793

ice saint1873

Buchan1923

a1793 G. White Observ. Veg. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1802) II. 232 Blackthorn..usually blossoms while cold N.E. winds blow; so that the harsh rugged weather obtaining at this season, is called by the country people, blackthorn winter.

1898 C. M. Yonge John Keble's Parishes xvi. 214 Blackthorn winter is supposed to bring fresh cold in spring, when the bushes almost look as if covered by hoar-frost.

1946 L. B. Lyon Rough Walk Home 28 Pray blackthorn-winter's dawn may rediscover us.

1997 A. Miller Ingenious Pain iv. 172 In the unremitting cold of March—the blackthorn winter—Munro is too drunk to leave the house.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	blackthorn
释义	blackthornn. Brit. /ˈblakθɔːn/, U.S. /ˈblækˌθɔrn/ Forms: see black adj. and thorn n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., thorn n. Etymology: < black adj. + thorn n. In sense 1a probably with reference to the dark colour of the naked branches, with which the white flowers form a striking contrast; compare post-classical Latin spina nigra (8th cent., 13th cent. in British sources), Anglo-Norman neire espine, Middle French, French épine noire (13th cent. or earlier in Old French).Earlier currency (in Old English) is implied by quot. a1425¹ at sense 1a (from a copy of a charter of 942). In Old English the first element was apparently treated as a normal adjective inflected for case and number. Compare also the following examples of Old English blæc in collocation with þyrne (a weak feminine (jōn -stem) derivative from the same Germanic base as thorn n.):OE Bounds (Sawyer 772) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1893) III. 517 Andlang fennes up on þære dune to þære blacan þyrnan.a1200 ( Bounds (Sawyer 1599) in D. Hooke Worcs. Anglo-Saxon Charter-bounds (1990) 408 Of cyricstige on ða blacan þyrnan on easthalfan lytel. Attested earlier in place names (and surnames derived from them), as Blaketorn, Oxfordshire (1190; now Blackthorn), Blakethorne, Worcestershire (1255; now Blaythorn Farm), Johannes de Blakeþorne (1275), Blakethorn (field name), Sandiacre, Derbyshire (13th cent.), etc. Compare also Blakeyern (field name), Lambourn, Berkshire (early 13th cent.), Blakethurne (field name), Sapperton, Gloucestershire (1250–60), Le Blakeyurne (field name), East Shefford, Berkshire (13th cent.), all reflecting a compound of the Old English weak feminine by-form. 1. a. A Eurasian thorny shrub or small tree, Prunus spinosa (family Rosaceae), with dark-coloured bark and stiff spiny branches, which produces white five-petalled flowers before the leaves appear, followed by astringent blue-black fruits (sloes); = sloe n. 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > blackthorn or sloe bush sloe-thornc725 blackthorna1325 sloe-treec1340 gribble1578 sloe1753 a1325 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 186 [Nigra Spina] anglice blacthorn. a1425 ( Royal Charter: Edmund I to Wynflæd (Sawyer 485) in S. E. Kelly Charters of Shaftesbury Abbey (1996) 54 On [prob. read of] langhelee on þe blaken þorne [altered to þornes] northward, of þane blake þornen anlang hricge weges to þe beorge. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Dan. xiii. 58 Vndur a blak thorn [c1384 E.V. plum tree: L. prino]. 1496 Treat. Fysshynge wyth Angle in Bk. St. Albans (rev. ed.) sig. hj^v Take a fayr shote of blacke thornne: crabbe tree: medeler. 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 13 Againe Hulder, blacke thorne, Serues tree [etc.]..make holow, starting, studding, gaddynge shaftes. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball vi. xlvii. 721 The wilde Plumme tree, Blacke thorne, and Sloo tree. 1634 W. Habington Castara ii. 62 Love shall in that tempestuous showre Her brightest blossome like the blacke-thorne show. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ vi. 86 The Black-thorn (and Crab also) yields a very good Fencing branch. 1727 R. Bradley Compl. Body Husbandry 210 The product of these woods are chiefly horn-beam, black-thorn and white sallow. 1777 E. Jacob Plantæ Favershamienses 90 Prunus spinosa, the Black Thorn, or Sloe Tree. 1832 Ld. Tennyson New Year's Eve ii, in Poems (new ed.) 96 I shall never see The may upon the blackthorn, the leaf upon the tree. 1882 Garden 8 Apr. 241/1 One of the best flowering shrubs we know is the double-flowered Blackthorn. 1955 Times 26 Apr. 14/3 The blackthorn, with crowded white flowers on its thorny black network of twigs, sheeted the hedges as if with snow. 2004 Independent 30 Oct. 54/1 Since blackthorns are wild plants, often growing in tough, exposed situations, they do not need cossetting in the garden. b. A walking stick or cudgel made of the stem of this shrub. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > club or stick > [noun] sowelc893 treec893 cudgelc897 stinga900 bat?c1225 sticka1275 clubc1275 truncheon14.. bourdonc1325 bastona1400 warderera1400 plantc1400 kibble1411 playloomc1440 hurlbatc1450 ploykc1450 rung1491 libberlac1500 waster1533 batonc1550 macana1555 libbet1562 bastinado1574 crab-tree comb1593 tomahawkc1612 billeta1616 wiper1622 batoon1637 gibbeta1640 crab-bat1647 kibbo1688 Indian club1694 batterdasher1696 crab-stick1703 bloodwipea1705 bludgeon1730 kierie1731 oaken towel1739 crab1740 shillelagh1772 knobstick1783 pogamogganc1788 whirlbat1791 nulla-nulla1798 waddy1800 kevel1807 supple1815 mere1820 hurlet1825 knobkerrie1826 blackthorn1829 bastera1833 twig1842 leangle1845 alpeen1847 banger1849 billy1856 thwack-stave1857 clump1868 cosh1869 nulla1878 sap1899 waddy1899 blunt instrument1923 1829 G. Griffin Collegians I. iv. 31 Masther Hardress heerd 'em, and he having a stout blackthorn in his hand..made up to the foremost of 'em. 1829 W. H. Maxwell Stories Waterloo 202 An hundred blackthorns rattled above my head. 1893 W. R. Le Fanu 70 Years Irish Life iii. 32 One man..marched up and down, flourishing his blackthorn, and shouting the battle-cry of his faction. 1920 K. Tynan Denys the Dreamer xxiv. 227 Jamesy Geraghty advanced on Denys, brandishing a big blackthorn. 1995 E. Toman Dancing in Limbo ii. 68 The driver and her helper had grabbed their blackthorns and leapt down to sort out an argument which had flared in the roadway in front of them. 2. North American. a. More fully † American blackthorn. Any of several kinds of hawthorn (genus Crataegus), esp. C. calpodendron (formerly C. tomentosa). Also called pear thorn. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > hawthorn and allies hawthorna700 hawthorn-treec1290 whitethorna1300 haw-treec1325 albespyne?a1425 thorn-tree1483 mespilus1548 may-branch1560 quickthorn1571 hedge-bush1576 busket1579 May-bush1579 Neapolitan medlar1597 azarole1658 pyracanth1664 white bush1676 Glastonbury thorna1697 quick1727 evergreen thorn1731 blackthorn1737 whitethorn1788 oriental medlar1797 haw1821 May-haw1840 Maythorn1844 May1848 pear thorn1848 pink thorn1852 aronia thorn1882 scarlet thorn1882 black haw1897 1737 J. Brickell Nat. Hist. N.-Carolina 79 The Black Thorn..grows plentifully in several parts of this Province. 1798 Trans. N.Y. State Soc. Agric. 1 iii. 18 The black thorn has been destroyed by a worm that preys upon its twigs. 1832 Q. Jrnl. Agric. 3 No. 18. 972 The American black-thorn is also a good fence and is rejected by the cattle who browse upon and destroy the Virginian. 1844 G. Emerson Johnson's Farmer's Encycl. (new ed.) 187/1 What is commonly called the black thorn in the United States is not the sloe or black haw,..but the yellow Cratægus of botanists. 1876 E. A. Curley Nebraska 325 The hawthorns should not be overlooked by the amateur horticulturalist. The blackthorn, Cratægus tormentosa [sic], and its variety malis, are most abundant. 1913 H. H. Gibson Amer. Forest Trees 459 It is known in different parts of its range as black thorn, red haw, pear thorn, white thorn, common thorn, hawthorn, thorn apple, and thorn plum. b. A prickly acacia, Acacia farnesiana, of tropical America. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > acacia trees > [noun] acacia1542 babul1696 marblewood1753 black wattle1802 popinac1809 wattlec1810 wattle-treec1810 giraffe tree1815 haakdoring1822 hookthorn1822 kameeldoorn1822 camel-thorn1824 catechu-tree1829 silver wattle1832 blackthorn1833 thorny acacia1834 boobyalla1835 seyal1844 mulga1848 thorn-wood1850 hackthorn1857 mimosa1857 poison tree1857 Port Jackson1857 talha1857 golden wattle1859 whitethorn acacia1860 buffalo thorn1866 nelia1867 siris1874 cassie1876 couba1878 needlebush1884 sallow wattle1884 sally1884 giddea1885 prickly Moses1887 yarran1888 opopanax tree1889 wait-a-while1889 fever tree1893 giraffe acacia1896 stay-a-while1898 brigalow1901 wirra1904 cootamundra1909 Sydney golden wattle1909 witchetty bush1911 rooikrans1917 jam-tree1934 whistling thorn1949 blackthorn1966 1833 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 6) ii. 1 A. farnesiana, (black thorn)... New Orleans. 1850 A. H. Lincoln Familiar Lect. Bot. (new ed.) 69/1 Acacia..farnesiana, (black thorn..) leaves bipinnate, leaflets 8-paired... Flowers fragrant. 1912 Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 21 121 There are many dye-plants among the Acacias. The Black Thorn (A. farnesiana Willd.) furnishes a red dye which is used in Guam. 3. Chiefly South African. Either of two African acacias, the gum arabic tree, Acacia nilotica and (more commonly) the South African A. mellifera, which has hooked black thorns. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > acacia trees > [noun] acacia1542 babul1696 marblewood1753 black wattle1802 popinac1809 wattlec1810 wattle-treec1810 giraffe tree1815 haakdoring1822 hookthorn1822 kameeldoorn1822 camel-thorn1824 catechu-tree1829 silver wattle1832 blackthorn1833 thorny acacia1834 boobyalla1835 seyal1844 mulga1848 thorn-wood1850 hackthorn1857 mimosa1857 poison tree1857 Port Jackson1857 talha1857 golden wattle1859 whitethorn acacia1860 buffalo thorn1866 nelia1867 siris1874 cassie1876 couba1878 needlebush1884 sallow wattle1884 sally1884 giddea1885 prickly Moses1887 yarran1888 opopanax tree1889 wait-a-while1889 fever tree1893 giraffe acacia1896 stay-a-while1898 brigalow1901 wirra1904 cootamundra1909 Sydney golden wattle1909 witchetty bush1911 rooikrans1917 jam-tree1934 whistling thorn1949 blackthorn1966 1966 C. A. Smith Common Names S. Afr. Plants 111 Black thorn, Acacia nilotica. 1992 Philatelic Services Bull. (S. Afr. Post Office) 61 The black thorn is a valuable fodder and provides good shade once it has developed into a tree. 2001 K. Glowczewska tr. R. Kapuściński Shadow of Sun 272 A spacious, peaceful, unpopulated savannah, on which grow acacias and blackthorn bushes. Compounds C1. General attributive, as blackthorn bush, blackthorn leaf, blackthorn tree, etc.; instrumental, as blackthorn-fleeced adj. ΚΠ 1596 A. T. Rich Store-house ii. f. 57^v Take Piony-rootes one handfull, and a handfull of Mistleto that groweth in a Blackthorne Tree. 1604 N. Breton Passionate Shepheard (1877) 10/2 And for her teeth, no Granam studdes, Nor like the Knagges of Blacke-thorne buddes. 1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 249 [He] first laid at the bottom green Black-thorn bushes, and on them a stratum of large round stones. 1759 T. Perfect Pract. of Gardening 21 When the seeds are covered, lay two or three pieces of blackthorn bush upon the bed. 1776 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. (1778) 13 Oct. Yesterday I set a young lad,—but he is expert,—to trim the ditch-side of a rough black-thorn hedge. 1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well II. ii. 40 Tea, madam!—I saw none—Ash leaves and black-thorn leaves were brought in. 1887 All Year Round 28 May 444/1 The birds are singing bravely,..with soloists warbling and flourishing from the blackthorn hedge. 1948 C. Day Lewis Poems 1943–7 84 Walking by blackthorn-fleeced Hedges to church. 1950 Times 30 Mar. 8/3 Blackthorn blossom hides many an early mist, and from behind its solid ramparts one has heard, in April, the nightingale's first notes. 1992 New Yorker 11 May 33/2 I nearly took my blackthorn stick and smashed the thing to atoms. 2004 Wildlife News May 10/1 (caption) Black hairstreak, found in the blackthorn ‘brakes’. C2. blackthorn winter n. English regional (chiefly midlands and southern) a period of very cold weather in late winter or early spring; cf. blackberry winter n. at blackberry n. Compounds 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cold weather > [noun] > cold spell > in spring after-winter1593 blackthorn wintera1793 ice saint1873 Buchan1923 a1793 G. White Observ. Veg. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1802) II. 232 Blackthorn..usually blossoms while cold N.E. winds blow; so that the harsh rugged weather obtaining at this season, is called by the country people, blackthorn winter. 1898 C. M. Yonge John Keble's Parishes xvi. 214 Blackthorn winter is supposed to bring fresh cold in spring, when the bushes almost look as if covered by hoar-frost. 1946 L. B. Lyon Rough Walk Home 28 Pray blackthorn-winter's dawn may rediscover us. 1997 A. Miller Ingenious Pain iv. 172 In the unremitting cold of March—the blackthorn winter—Munro is too drunk to leave the house. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1325
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