seasonn.
/ˈsiːzn/, U.S. /ˈsiz(ə)n/ I. A period of the year.attributive.a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) iv Þei [sc. Roebucks] renneth wele and longer þan dothe a grete hert in þe hye seson tyme.† 7. A term or session of a court, university, or the like. to keep or hold season. Obsolete.
1.
a. Any one of the periods, longer or shorter, into which the year is naturally divided by the earth's changing position in regard to the sun, and which are marked by varying length of day and night, by particular conditions of weather, temperature, etc. More specifically, each of the four equal periods—Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter—into which the year is divided by the passage of the sun from equinox to solstice and from solstice to equinox; also, each of the two periods—the rainy and the dry—into which the year is divided in tropical climates.Often with defining word prefixed, as summer, winter, May, Lent season (see the different words).
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the world > time > period > year > season > [noun]
tidea900
timeOE
yearOE
season1340
1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 929 But whan þe daies dimme ben hit doþ hem to mourne, For siht of þe sesoun þat semus vnbliþe.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 29 Þe sauor of þe swete sesoun & song of þe briddes.
c1400 tr. Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh. 72 Off þe ffoure seysouns of þe ȝere.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 349 After the sondry sesons of the yeer So chaunged he his mete and his Soper.
1548 H. Latimer Notable Serm. sig. A.iiiiv Fyrst for theyr labour of all ceasons of the yere. For there is no tyme of the yere, in whiche the ploughman hath not some speciall worke to do.
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd ii. 72 In such a season born when scarce a Shed Could be obtain'd to shelter him or me From the bleak air. View more context for this quotation
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 122 The rainy Season, and the dry Season, began now to appear regular to me.
1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. iv. 58 All the Fruits of the Earth shall come to Maturity at whatever Season we think fit to chuse.
1822 in Trans. Hort. Soc. London (1826) 6 115 Directions for forcing Onions to produce bulbs in clusters, at an early season.
1845–7 H. W. Longfellow Evangeline i. ii. 1 Now had the season returned, when the nights grow colder and longer.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 34 The sunny and rainy seasons came and went Year after year.
a1865 E. C. Gaskell Wives & Daughters (1866) II. xlii. 129 The autumn drifted away through all its seasons.
b. In personification and art-representation.
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c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 185 In white marble the 4 seasons.
1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais xviii. 13 Fresh leaves and flowers deck the dead Seasons' bier.
c. A day or period of the year marked by some special festivity, as Christmas and New Year.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > period > year > [noun] > period or day of the year marked by festival
season1791
society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > [noun] > day or season of
high tideOE
high dayOE
feast dayc1300
ferie1377
festival day1389
feastful day1440
festivala1500
gaudy-day1567
carnival1598
utas1600
saturnal1605
Saturnalia1639
terminals1656
days of gala1716
fête dayc1759
mirth-day1778
season1791
festa1800
jour de fête1806
fiesta1844
fest1846
Winterval1982
1791 R. Burns Let. 23 Jan. (2003) II. 68 Many happy returns of the season to you, my dear friend!
1821 C. Lamb in London Mag. Apr. 361/1 The compliments of the season to my worthy masters, and a merry first of April to us all!
d. In reckoning time or age: A year, twelve-month. (Cf. summer n.1 4.)
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the world > time > period > year > [noun]
wintereOE
yeareOE
yearOE
yearOE
yearOE
twelvemonthc1275
a time and times and half a timec1384
foil1481
zodiacc1560
twelve moons1609
suns1743
outfit1791
snow1825
season1827
yr1880
1827 O. W. Roberts Narr. Voy. Central Amer. 43 A child of about five years or ‘seasons’ old.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Two Voices in Poems (new ed.) II. 121 Will thirty seasons render plain Those lonely lights that still remain, Just breaking over land and main?
2. A period or time of year mentioned with reference to the conditions of weather, etc. that characterize it in a particular year.
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the world > time > period > year > season > [noun] > with reference to weather conditions
seasonc1400
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 39 I entred in þat erber grene, In augoste in a hyȝ seysoun, Quen corne is coruen wyth crokez kene.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 7 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 95 So soft was ye sessoun our souerane dovne sent.., That all was amyable owr ye aire & ye erd.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts xiv. 17 Gevynge vs rayne from heven and frutfull ceasons.
1676 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 34 The season continues so seveere I cannot get away my ill cold nor goe out of the house.
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1663 (1955) III. 358 A most extraordinary wet & cold season.
1812 G. Chalmers Hist. View Domest. Econ. Great Brit. & Ireland 298 The corn act..appeared..to have completely failed..owing to..the unfavourable seasons.
1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud xxv. viii, in Maud & Other Poems 94 The lily and rose That blow by night, when the season is good.
1871 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 540 Season is, in the South, often misused for ‘weather’. ‘This is a good season for planting’ does not mean, this is the proper time, but, this is favorable weather for planting tobacco.
3.
a. The time of year assigned to some particular operation of agriculture.
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the world > food and drink > farming > [noun] > time of year
season1393
the world > food and drink > farming > [noun] > time of year > season for specific agricultural operation
seedOE
seed timeOE
season1393
barley-selec1440
seednessc1450
seeding timea1594
turf-time1594
tid1799
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. vii. 112 (MS. F.) In cesoun of heruest-tyme.
a1400 K. Alis. (Bodl.) 61 By ham [sc. the planets] men han þe seysyne To londe, to watre to corne to wyne.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 523 Se-sounez schal yow neuer sese of sede ne of heruest.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 178 And alse sede in þe season sowe it on þe erthe.
1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 60 in Sylva Now is your Season for Circumposition by Tubs or Baskets of Earth.
1796 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening v. 79 Proper seeds being provided, the season for committing them to the ground, is that of as early a time as the nature of the plant to be cultivated will bear.
b. local. (See quots.)
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1778 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 20 Oct. 1775 (note) Season..signifies (here, at least) the state of the soil at seed-time. Thus, if at seed-time the soil be clean, in high tilth, and neither too wet nor too dry, the Farmer is said to have got a good season—or a fine season. If it be cloddy, a rough season.
1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. 101 Season, ground in good condition.
1876 G. L. Gower Surrey Provincialisms (at cited word) ‘To make a good season’ is to get the land in good condition for sowing.
4. The time of year when a plant flourishes, when it blooms or bears fruit, etc. (See also Phrases 1b.)
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the world > plants > by growth or development > [noun] > season of growth, flourishing, or fruiting
seasona1300
shake-time1668
fructescence1793
a1300 Cursor Mundi 22881 Ilkin frut in his sesun.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) v. 49 Also in that Contree..Men fynden longe Apples to selle, in hire cesoun.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 326 Appollo, god and gouernour Of euery plaunte, herbe, tree and flour That yeuest after thy declinacioun To ech of hem his tyme and his sesoun.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms i. 3 Like a tre..yt bringeth forth his frute in due season.
1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 20 in Justa Edouardo King I come to pluck your berries harsh and crude,.. Bitter constraint, and sad occasion deare Compells me to disturb your season due.
1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery vi. 65 Half a Pint of Green Peas, when it is the Season for them.
1883 R. W. Dixon Mano ii. vi. 85 Grass and leaves may flourish all the year, But corn and fruit one season only own.
5. The time of year when an animal is in heat, pairs, breeds, migrates, is killed for food or hunted, etc. (Also pairing, breeding, close, etc. season.) †of (the) season = in season (see Phrases 1b).
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the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting time > [noun]
seasona1425
grease-season?a1562
grease-time?a1562
game season1783
open season1846
cover-day1902
the world > time > period > year > season > [noun] > when an animal behaves a specific way or is hunted
seasona1425
pairing season1836
song period1884
breeding-season-
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [noun] > mating > season
seasona1425
riding seasonc1425
belling1553
breeding-time1711
the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting time > [adverb]
in the time (also season) of greasec1330
in season1473
of (the) seasonc1613
a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) iii Þere [sc. the bucks'] seson dureth fro þe moneth of May into þe mydle of Septembre.
1486 Bk. St. Albans e v The seson of the fox [is] fro the Natiuyte Tyll the annunciacion of owre lady fre.
1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxxix. 238 The seasons of all Chaces.
c1613 (c1490) in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 86 I..desire and pray you to caus a bucke of season to be taken.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iii. iii. 152 I warrant you Bucke, And of the season too. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. ii. 87 Euen for our kitchins We kill the fowle of season . View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 99 Six Seasons use; but then release the Cow, Unfit for Love, and for the lab'ring Plough. View more context for this quotation
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 78. ⁋5 The Day was fix'd for the Entertainment, which was in Venison Season.
1740 H. Bracken Farriery Improv'd (ed. 2) II. Index 14 Not to leap many Mares in a Season.
1769 H. Brooke Fool of Quality IV. xvii. 184 My neighbours were not as birds of the season; they neither despised nor forsook me because of my poverty.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Audley Court in Poems (new ed.) II. 43 Then touch'd upon the game, how scarce it was This season.
1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1112 Its effect upon the skin may also interfere with the coming of the season upon the ewe.
1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. iii. 72 Others went after butterflies and birds'-eggs in their seasons.
6. figurative. Time of ripeness or maturity. Cf. Phrases 1c.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > age > prime > [noun]
flowering agec1400
pridec1475
blooming-time1495
flower?1507
season?1507
day1546
flourishing years?1555
golden years1559
vigour1563
consistent age1574
prime1574
May moon1576
acme1579
Maya1586
flourish1597
May month1600
consistencea1613
May morna1616
constant age1620
high daya1625
blouth1643
flourishing age1737
heyday1751
floruit1843
bloom-hour1850
blossom-time1860
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 48 Bot leit the sueit ay the sour to gud sesone bring.
1640 T. Carew Poems 6 Oh, then be wise, and whilst your season Affords you dayes for sport, doe reason.
1649 Εἰκων Βασιλικη iv. 18 Whose..impatience was such, that they would not staie the ripening and season of Counsels, or fair production of Acts, in the order, gravitie, and deliberateness befitting a Parliament; but [etc.].
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society > education > educational administration > [noun] > session or term
half-yearc907
season?a1400
Michael term?1406
term1429
Michaelmas term1439
Easter term1530
Hilary1577
summer term1659
session1714
half1820
semester1826
by-term1883
Trinity term1899
winterim1964
society > education > educational administration > [verb (intransitive)] > have a term
to keep or hold season?a1400
society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > a or the session of a court > have session [verb (intransitive)]
to keep or hold season?a1400
society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > a or the session of a court > [noun] > period when courts sit
season?a1400
term1429
term time1429
?a1400 Arthur 137 Arthour wolde of honour Hold a fest at Eestour..; And sende Messanger To kynges ferre & neer..To come to þis Dyner... They come þyder in gode aray, And kept þeire Ceson At the Castell Carlyon.
a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 2157 Sir Torent dwellid thare Fourty days in moche care, Season for to hold.
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1669 (1955) III. 534 I advis'd that an hedge of holly, should be planted..which the V: Chancelor promisd to see don the next season.
1825 Wardrop in M. Baillie's Wks. I. Life 9 He there attended the Greek and Latin classes during the first two seasons; in the third season he became a diligent mathematician.
8. A period of time astronomically fixed or recurring. †Also, a period or phase of an eclipse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > period > cycle of time > [noun] > astronomical cycle
revolutionc1400
season1535
the world > the universe > heavenly body > [noun] > state of being visible > eclipse > period or phase of
season1666
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. i. B That they maye be vnto tokens, seasons, dayes, and yeares [tokēs in text].
1666 Rook in Philos. Trans. 1665–6 (Royal Soc.) 1 389 Those Seasons of the Eclipse, when there is the suddenest Alteration in the Apparences.
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iii. 187 He in whose hand all times and seasons roul. View more context for this quotation
1820 J. Keats Hyperion: a Fragm. i, in Lamia & Other Poems 162 The sacred seasons might not be disturb'd. Therefore the operations of the dawn Stay'd in their birth.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxvi. 4 How in seasons due vanishes orb upon orb.
9. The portion of a year regularly devoted to a particular business, sport, or amusement, or when the greatest activity prevails therein. Often with defining word, as the fishing, hunting, publishing, racing, theatrical, holiday season. The period when such pursuits are inactive is called the dead, dull, or off season; see also silly adj., n., and adv. season.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > period > year > [noun] > time of year > devoted to a specific activity
season1687
working year1798
1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 100 When I was at Chio, I could not have that Diversion, for then it was not the Season.
1718 Free-thinker No. 68. 1 Publick Business, and Publick Diversions have the same Season.
1740 C. Cibber Apol. Life C. Cibber vi. 115 He bound himself to give them two Plays every Season.
1798 C. Forester Let. in Paget Papers (1896) I. 115 We have this day had the best run of the Season.
1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions I. 248 In the season of 1684, fourteen of their ships were wrecked.
1856 ‘The Druid’ Post & Paddock 303 That gentleman bought Hermit and rode him for nine seasons.
1878 Athletic World 5 Apr. 7/2 Pickwick Bicycle Club. The season will be commenced by a run to..Edmonton on Saturday.
1891 E. Kinglake Austral. at Home 87 The ‘season’ in Australia—by which is indicated the dance-giving period—is winter and early spring.
10. The period of the year during which a particular place is most frequented for business, fashion, or amusement; esp. the time (now May to July) when the fashionable world is assembled in London. dead season, the period when ‘society’ has departed from a place of resort.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > [noun] > social season
season1709
little season1901
the world > time > period > year > [noun] > time of year > during which a particular place is frequented
season1709
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 50. ⁋7 Until the Company was gone, and Season over.
?c1710 J. Taylor Journey Edenborough (1903) 68 Most of the Gentry of the North of England and Scotland resort hither [to Scarborough] in the Season of the year, but we hapned to be something of the latest.
1760 H. Walpole Let. to H. Mann 20 Jan. You cannot figure a duller season: the weather bitter, no party, little money [etc.].
1766 C. Anstey New Bath Guide x. i. 65 What Numbers one sees, who for that very Reason Come to make such a Figure at Bath ev'ry Season!
1789 Triumphs Fortitude I. 10 Be happy in all the enjoyments this dead season can afford.
1836 F. Marryat Japhet I. xxiv. 295 The season was now over, and every body of consequence quitted the metropolis.
1870 H. Smart Race for Wife ii. 29 She gave up her season in London.
11. transferred (from 2).† a. A spell of (bad or inclement) weather.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > [noun] > spell of weather
season1608
slatcha1625
set1633
fit1690
series1723
spell1728
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xi. 29 How shall your house-lesse heads..defend you From seasons such as these. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 1063 And teach us further by what means to shun Th' inclement Seasons, Rain, Ice, Hail and Snow, Which now the Skie with various Face begins To shew us in this Mountain. View more context for this quotation
b. spec. The ‘rains’ or spells of wet weather in tropical countries. In the southern U.S., ‘a shower of rain or period of damp weather suitable for setting out tobacco and other plants’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wet weather > [noun] > rainy season (tropical)
rains1615
rainy season1655
long rains1670
season1707
monsoon1747
high season1759
plum rains1894
wet1897
bai-u1910
kharif1920
1707 H. Sloane Voy. Islands I. Introd. 15 After Seasons, i.e. three or four or more days rain, all manner of provisions, Maize, Guinea-corn, Pease, Potatos &c. are planted.
1766 W. Stork Acct. E.-Florida 63 It often happens in the West-Indies, as it did last year, that when the ground is prepared, and the cane planted, the rains, or seasons as they are called, fail.
1873 Routledge's Young Gentleman's Mag. July 478/2 The seasons were only just over, and all tropical nature was fresh.
II. gen. A time, period, occasion.
12.
a. A particular time or period during which something happens, or which is defined by some characteristic feature or circumstance. See also night-season n., mean season (mean adj.2 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > particular time > [noun] > time of occurrence
sitheOE
seasona1400
turna1400
datec1400
when1616
nick1645
whenabouts1898
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5419 Quils þam lasted þat sesun dere.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3509 God was þe werld in þat sesun And mikel it bar o benisun.
?c1450 in G. J. Aungier Hist. & Antiq. Syon Monastery (1840) 268 Euery persone that..hath there the rewle of the religion atte leste for that ceson.
1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 234 Duryng the season that the seid ship lay in the Dokke.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1442 A Sesyn of sorow þat þere suet after.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 650 During this season the Queene was greatly encouraged with the victory, obteyned late at Wakefielde.
1665 R. Boyle Disc. iv. iv, in Occas. Refl. sig. F5 When we greedily pursue after Honour, and Pleasure, of which this Life is not the proper Season.
1777 E. Burke Let. to Sheriffs Bristol 47 Calamity is unhappily the usual season of reflexion.
1833 T. B. Macaulay War Succession in Spain in Ess. ⁋5 His annual revenue..in the season of his greatest power.
1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 278 They may have been well pleased to accept a season of peace even at the hands of the stranger.
b. for a season: for an indefinite period, for some time, for a while. Similarly, for a long, short, etc. season. Also adverbially, without for.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > duration > [adverb] > for a time
(for) a spacec1405
for a long, short, etc. season1465
a whilst1595
for a spell1745
1465 Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 1/17 Than stode y stille a litile Sesone.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxxxv. 267 Than Oberon stode styll a season.
a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 500 There hath long season depended variance & contrauersie betwixt you.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke iv. f. lxxix He departed from hym for a season.
1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) i. ix. 21 That it might further the Stomachs Concoction, and make the meats abide therein, a convenient season.
1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xix. 169 Or if it please thee, though impatient, wait, Short season.
1851 T. Carlyle Life J. Sterling i. i. 8 This most..beautiful human soul; who walked with me for a season in this world.
1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xvii. 70 He was constrained for a season to leave the successors of Leofric and Siward in possession of [etc.].
13. † b. Sometimes substituted for time in collocations proper to that word: as afore seasons = aforetime adv., n., and adj.; in old season, of old. Obsolete.
a. (Without the idea of duration.) A time at which, or occasion when, something happens. at, †in this (or that) season, at this time; on this occasion; also adverbially without in. at, †in, on a season, at a certain time. at all seasons, at all times, always. at seasons, on different or recurring occasions, from time to time. Also, fit, due, proper, just season: cf. sense 14. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > particular time > [adverb] > at a particular or certain time
at, in, on a season13..
therea1400
this, that bout1660
this (or that) trip1746
at this (also that) point in time1957
the world > time > frequency > [adverb] > always or in every case
alwayeOE
aldayOE
everOE
by night and (by) daylOE
ayc1175
algatea1200
alwaysc1225
everylikec1225
stillc1297
evermorea1300
algatesa1325
alikec1330
early and latec1330
at all assaysc1360
universallya1398
likec1400
continuallyc1460
tidely1482
ay-whenc1485
from time to (formerly unto) timea1500
at all seasons1526
at once1563
at every turn1565
throughout1567
still still1592
still1594
still and anona1616
still an enda1616
every stitch-while1620
everlastingly1628
constantly1651
everywhen1655
eternally1670
allus1739
any day (of the week)1759
everly1808
allers1833
every time1854
toujours1902
all (the way) down the line1975
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > [adverb] > at the proper time or in due course
timelya1225
in good timec1325
by revolutionc1425
dulya1513
accordingly1555
due-timely1606
fitly1611
fit, due, proper, just season1686
the world > time > frequency > infrequency > [adverb] > intermittently
by (formerly also at) startsc1422
startmeal?c1422
off and on1535
every otherwhile1542
by, or in, snatches1577
by fits and turns1583
by halves and fits1583
one time with another1591
fit-meal1593
by fits and spurts1605
planetarily?1609
scatteredly1612
startinglya1616
by snaps1631
intermittingly1654
from space to space1658
on and off1668
at (by) intervals1744
cessantly1746
by spells1788
fitfully1792
by fits and spasms1797
everylikea1800
intermittently1800
intermittedly1829
interjectionally1837
jerkily1839
at seasons1850
sporadically1852
parenthetically1860
spasmodically1877
snatchily1880
variously1892
13.. Seuyn Sages 3939 He says soth in this sesowne.
1340–70 Alisaunder 339 On a season isett assembled they boþe.
a1400–50 Alexander 881 Sone eftir in a seson,..Come driuand fra Darius..Heraudis on heȝe hors.
c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 903 Thus was syr Ywayne sted that sesowne.
a1440 York Myst. xxvi. 42 We seke for youre socoure þis sesoune.
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xxi. xii. 858 So at a seson of the nyght they al wente to theyr beddes.
1497 J. Alcock Mons Perfeccionis (de Worde) D iij And many seasons of ye daye sore wept in remembraunce of ye same.
?1520 J. Rastell Nature .iiii. Element sig. Cijv Other thynges mo I haue in store That I coude tel therof but now no more Tyll a nother season.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts xx. 18 After what maner I have bene wyth you at all ceasons.
1611 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdoms World (new ed.) 119 He may come to her house,..Court her in all places, and at all seasons.
1628 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Peloponnesian War (1822) 23 These things were done for you in a season when men going to fight against their enemies neglect all respects but of victory.
1686 tr. J. Chardin Coronation Solyman 122 in Trav. Persia He knew the proper season to shew the violence of his Revenge.
1692 R. L'Estrange Fables ccxv. 187 There are Many Cases, and Many Seasons, wherein Men must either Bend or Break.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 78. ⁋5 You well know it is of great Consequence to clear Titles, and it is of Importance that it be done in the proper Season.
1827 W. Scott Highland Widow in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. I. ix. 177 When Hamish..absented himself from her cottage at such season, and for such length of time as he chose.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iv. iv. 192 Pike and helm lie provided for thee, in due season.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam cix. 171 The churl in spirit..Will let his coltish nature break At seasons thro' the gilded pale. View more context for this quotation
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the past > antecedence or being earlier > [adverb]
erea900
beforeeOE
forec1000
toforec1175
therebeforec1200
toforehand1258
forne toc1275
orc1275
andersitha1300
alreadyc1300
rather?1316
beforehandc1330
erstc1330
aforec1350
theretoforea1375
aforehanda1387
forthwitha1400
forwitha1400
or?a1400
ereward14..
toforetimec1400
aforetimes1429
aforetime1433
afore seasons1463
heretoforetime1481
forouth1487
aforrow?a1513
beforrow1568
paravant1590
antecedently1593
formerly1596
precedently1611
preveniently1633
preallably1652
previously1655
precedaneously1657
somewhiles1657
antecedaneously1661
aft1674
prior1675
anteriorly1681
antecedent1690
previous1712
priorly1742
the world > time > relative time > the past > [adverb] > long ago
yorec900
for longOE
langer1303
long agoc1350
far1362
for yorea1375
of yore ago(ne)a1375
long time1376
of olda1393
anciently1502
langsyne?a1513
oldlya1513
in old season1582
old1609
antiquely1652
then-a-days1688
(the) year one1754
way back1870
in yore1876
way back when1921
1463 in Eng. Hist. Rev. Apr. (1905) 301 He as yit stondeth destitute of cxj li. which he afore seisons hath..receyued yerely at þe fest of Estre.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 143 Avtemps jadis, afore-season.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 1 I That in old season..whistled My rural sonnet.
c. (a man, etc.) for all seasons: (one) ready for any situation or contingency, adaptable to any circumstance. Originally used with reference to Sir Thomas More (1478–1535); cf. Erasmus Encomium Moriae (1509) Pref., omnium horarum hominem.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > adaptability to circumstances > [noun] > person
(a man, etc.) for all seasons1520
1520 R. Whittington Uulgaria sig. D.iiijv And as tyme requyreth, [Thomas More is] a man of merueylous myrthe & pastymes, & somtyme of as sad grauite as who say. a man for al seasons.
1960 R. Bolt (title) A man for all seasons.
1968 Listener 26 Dec. 842/3 If there can really be no simple account of Mr Powell's general political position save that he is a man for all seasons, the same is true of his position on immigration.
1972 A. Price Col. Butler's Wolf xii. 131 She's a nice sort of girl... A girl for all seasons.
1973 Listener 29 Nov. 745/1 He [sc . John Kennedy] was a man for all seasons, a man for all people.
1976 M. Birmingham Heat of Sun viii. 114 The vulture..a bird for all seasons, I decided, ready to match one's every mood.
1981 M. Warner Joan of Arc xiii. 263 Joan, a heroine for all seasons.
14. The right, proper, due or appointed time; a fit or favourable occasion, an opportunity. (Cf. Phrases 1a) Const. †to, for, to with infinitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > particular time > [noun]
sitheeOE
tidec897
timeeOE
mealeOE
whilec950
throwOE
charec1000
stevenOE
timeOE
seasona1300
tempest1382
world1389
occasionc1425
tidement1575
period1602
minute1607
hinta1670
epoch1728
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > [noun]
tidec888
timeeOE
whilec950
seleOE
seasona1300
tidefulnessa1340
spacea1382
placec1384
pudding time1546
a1300 Cursor Mundi 29366 Als suith as he mai sesun se, And wend to rome at soilled be.
a1400 K. Alis. 5251 The kyng of-sent erles and barouns, For to sopere it was seysouns.
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Eccles. viii. 6 Tyme and cesoun is to ech werk.
c1440 Generydes 271 So went she fourth hyr seosynne to endure.
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xix. vi. 781 Thenne whan season was, they wente vnto their chambres.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope vi. vii Alle thynges which ben done & made in theyr tyme & season ben wel made.
a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxvi. sig. i.vv A sensuall prynce..Taryed the season, to fynde her solytary.
1642 D. Rogers Naaman 29 Telling him..it was no season for him to take upon him imperiously.
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 146 When my season comes to sit On David's Throne. View more context for this quotation
1790 J. Bruce Trav. Source Nile I. 78 I had sat up a great part of the night waiting a season for observation, but it was very cloudy.
1851 Ld. Tennyson To Queen 30 And statesmen at her council met Who knew the seasons when to take Occasion by the hand.
15. [ < season v.] Seasoning, relish, flavour.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > additive > [noun] > seasoning or flavouring
powder1381
condimentc1420
season?a1505
seasoning1580
seasoner1620
haut-goût1645
farciment1657
conditementa1670
furnitures1693
seasonagea1716
flavour1785
flavouring1845
Japanese pepper1861
flavourer1884
ve-tsin1927
zaatar1963
a1505 R. Henryson Test. Cresseid 421 in Poems (1981) 124 With saipheron sals of ane gude sessoun.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iv. i. 143 The wide sea Hath..salt too little, which may season giue To her foule tainted flesh. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. iv. 140 You lacke the season of all Natures, sleepe. View more context for this quotation
1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) v. i, in Wks. I. 235 Bearing no season, much lesse salt of goodnesse.
1641 Naunton's Fragmenta Regalia sig. D4v Hee had a large proportion of guifts and endowments, but too much of the season of envy.
1664 in G. Miege Relation of Three Embassies (1669) 171 Those his Friends who formerly made his adversity more tolerable, and do now give the truest season and sweetness to his better fortune.
IV. A season ticket.
16. Short for season ticket n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun] > document which permits or authorizes > ticket > season-ticket
season ticket1820
season1896
abonnement1970
1896 Daily News 29 Dec. 7/4 Asked for his ticket, he replied that he had left his season at home.
1901 Westm. Gaz. 2 Apr. 9/1 The company..is about to issue third-class seasons.
Phrases
P1. in season.† c. figurative. Flourishing, at one's best. Obsolete.
a. At the right and proper time, opportunely. Also (? chiefly U.S.), at the proper time or in good time for or to do something. to be in season, to be seasonable or opportune.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > [adverb]
in timea1325
in good timec1325
in seasonc1330
tidefullya1340
tidily1340
betimesc1380
betimec1385
opportunelyc1425
at one's leisure1481
maturely1531
seasonably1532
timeously1538
timefully1614
tempestively1628
patly1632
opportune1667
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 2542 Þre ȝer after was he kyng, In ful sesyne made hys endyng.
1414 Deed is Working 79 in 26 Pol. Poems 58 To chastyse fooles is ay in seson.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope vi. vii Therfore hit appiereth wel that the thynges whiche ben made in season ben wel made and done by reason.
1611 Bible (King James) Isa. l. 4 That I should know how to speake a worde in season [1535 Coverdale in due season] to him that is wearie. View more context for this quotation
1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre v. v. 236 After six moneths siege they surrendred the citie to their own honour, and shame of other Christians who sent them no succour in season.
1649 W. Davenant Love & Honour v. i. 78 Alt. Good morrow, cavaliers. Vas. 'Twill be an houre yet before that greeting Be in season.
1766 H. Brooke Fool of Quality II. x. 139 [He] had just cleared one eye, in season, to remark where his enemy entered.
1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xii. 156 The two young men desired to get back again in good season.
1858 E. H. Sears Athanasia ii. iii. 195 They arrive in season for the meeting.
1872 W. D. Howells Their Wedding Journey x. 280 Mr. March has to be home by a certain day; and we shall just get back in season.
1906 W. Walker John Calvin v. 108 News of this intention reached him in season to effect his escape.
b. Of game, etc.: At the time for hunting, catching, etc. to be in season: (of a plant or animal) to flourish, be in its finest condition, be in the best state for eating; also, (of an animal) to be in heat. Similarly, to come in or into season.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting time > [adverb]
in the time (also season) of greasec1330
in season1473
of (the) seasonc1613
1473 Rolls of Parl. VI. 93/1 Oon Hert, to be taken in season..and 11 Bukkes in season.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vii. 497 Than the deir war in sesoun.
1558 Act 1 Eliz. c. 17 §1 Any Samons or Trowtes, not being in season.
1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxxix. 238 Conies are al wayes in season, either yong or old: but their skinnes are in best season from Alhallontide vnto Shrouetide.
1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 220 Salmon..come in season, and goe out with the Buck.
1665 R. Boyle Disc. iv. iv, in Occas. Refl. sig. F4v If the same Fruit were let alone till it were fully Ripe, and in Season.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 135/1 The Hart or Stagg..is in Season..from Midsummer until Holy-Rood Day.
1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 148. ⁋7 To eat every Thing before it comes in Season.
a1777 S. Foote Nabob (1778) ii. 31 Have you any pinks or carnations in bloom? Crocus. They are not in season, your honour.
1807 P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 6 A very fine trout..he proved..to be very well in season.
1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 176 He is in high season, as proved by the crimson of his fins.
1865 Reader No. 154. 646/3 The fish being in perfect season from October to June.
1903 F. Simpson Bk. Cat iii. 38 Cats come in season about every three weeks during the spring and summer.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > [adjective] > of health: good > thriving
well-likingc1350
well-thrivena1400
in seasonc1400
flowerya1420
thriftyc1440
valent1492
wealthya1538
vegetous1610
vegete1639
thriving1647
florid1656
grush1786
c1400 Rom. Rose 4981 As longe as Youthe is in sesoun, They dwellen in oon mansioun.
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 69 Such Men, in other mens Calamities, are, as it were, in season.
d. Of a place of resort, etc.: (To be) fashionable, in a state of activity. Cf. sense 10.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > fashionable society > [adjective] > frequented by
in season1718
fashionable1815
1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. Sept. (1965) I. 439 The fair of St. Lawrence is now in Season.
1868 Earl of Wilton Sports of Eng. 68 From the first day of grouse to the last day of pheasants, London is never in season.
e. Of timber: Seasoned.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [adjective] > seasoned
seasonable1531
seasoned1545
in season1627
air-seasoned1919
1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. i. 2 The masts and yards are chained together in some great water to keepe them from rotting, and in season.
P2. out of season.
a. Unseasonably, inopportunely; predicatively, unseasonable, inopportune.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > [adjective]
untimec1000
untidya1225
untimesa1300
out of season1377
undue1398
out of time1483
untimeousa1500
importunate1529
inopportune1533
importunea1535
unconvenable1542
intempestive1548
unseasonable1561
untimeable1570
out-of-season1574
untimely1581
unseasoned1589
baldc1590
timeless1590
melancounterous?1602
untimelessa1607
unopportune1653
mistimelyc1680
mistimed1687
ill-timed1692
ill-seasoned1843
unchancy1860
intempestuous1885
unseasonal1935
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > [adverb]
in (earlier on) untimec897
untimelyc1200
out of timea1325
in unseasona1400
importunelyc1425
in an evil (also ill, etc.) hour1490
importunatelya1492
at ungaina1500
untimeously1513
intempestively1548
out of season1548
timeless1586
unseasonably1586
inopportunely1609
unseasonablea1634
unopportunely1651
timelessly1673
unseasonally1941
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xiii. 351 And as wel in lente as oute of lente, alle tymes ylyche, Suche werkes with hem were neuere oute of sesoun.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark i. f. 29–31 He loueth those that cal vpon him, cal they neuer so importunatly, and out of season.
1649 W. Davenant Love & Honour iv. iv. 37 Although the rack be somewhat out Of season with my old bones.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 850 So spake the fervent Angel, but his zeale None seconded, as out of season judg'd. View more context for this quotation
1718 Free-thinker No. 27. 1 True Wit and Good Sense..can be spoiled only by making use of them Improperly, or out of Season.
1864 ‘Holme Lee’ Silver Age II. 239 Be consoled—you will have your joys, though they come rather out of season.
1868 Ld. Tennyson Lucretius 267 Howbeit I know thou surely must be mine Or soon or late, yet out of season, thus I woo thee roughly.
b. Not in season; not at the time for hunting, catching, eating, etc. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > [adverb] > of game, fruit, fashions, etc.
out of season?a1513
out1660
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 199 Off ane vod fuill, far owt off seasoun, He wantis nocht bot a rowndit heid.
1683 T. Robinson in J. Ray Corr. (1848) 132 We..could not meet with the Macreuse [the scoter], it being now out of season.
1781 H. Newdigate Let. 15 Oct. in A. E. Newdigate-Newdegate Cheverels (1898) iii. 46 A Hamper of good things,..Pears & Pines in perfection, Rouleaux never out of season.
1847 A. Brontë Agnes Grey xviii. 282 I pretended to want to save it [sc. a hare]..as it was so glaringly out of season.
1960 Mrs. Beeton's Cookery & Househ. Managem. (rev. ed.) vii. 93 When a fruit is out of season in one part of the globe it is usually in season in another.
c. Not in fashion; not in its period of fashion.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > old-fashioned or antiquated
moth-frettenOE
antiquate?a1425
antique?1532
rusty1549
moth-eaten1551
musty1575
worm-eatenc1575
overyear1584
out of date1589
old-fashioned1592
out of date1592
worm-eat1597
old-fashion1599
ancient1601
outdated1616
out-of-fashion1623
over-aged1623
superannuateda1634
thorough-old1639
overdateda1641
trunk-hosea1643
antiquitated1645
antiquated1654
out-of-fashioned1671
unmodern1731
of the old school1749
auld-farrant1750
old-fangled1764
fossila1770
fogram1772
passé1775
unmodernized1775
oxidated1791
moss-covered1792
square-toeda1797
old-fashionable1807
pigtail1817
behind the times1826
slow1827
fossilized1828
rococo1836
antiquish1838
old-timey1850
out of season1850
moss-grown1851
old style1858
antiqued1859
pigtaily1859
prehistoric1859
backdated1862
played1864
fossiled1866
bygone1869
mossy-backed1870
old-worldly1878
past-time1889
outmoded1896
dated1900
brontosaurian1909
antiquey1926
horse-and-buggy1926
vintage1928
Neolithic1934
time-warped1938
demoded1941
steam age1941
hairy1946
old school1946
rinky-dink1946
time warp1954
Palaeolithic1957
retardataire1958
throwback1968
wally1969
antwacky1975
1850 Ld. Tennyson Princess (ed. 3) Prol. 10 The hard-grain'd Muses of the cube and square Were out of season.
1891 E. A. Freeman Sketches Fr. Trav. 180 He will prefer Clermont out of season to Clermont in the season.
P3. in season and out of season: at all times, without regard to what is considered opportune.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > frequency > [phrase] > always
in season and out of season1526
1526 Bible (Tyndale) 2 Tim. iv. 2 Be fervent, be it in season or out of season [εὐκαίρως ἀκαίρως].
1841 A. Helps Transact. Business in Ess. (1842) 93 He will be repeating his folly in season, and out of season, until at last it has a hearing.
ΚΠ
1600 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. II. 180 This deponar desyrit Maister Alexander to dischone with him, be ressoun his awin culd nocht be sasone be preparit.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
season-cracked adj.
ΚΠ
1915 Trans. Amer. Inst. Metals VIII. 322 It was found that all those cartridge cases which had season cracked had primers on.
1938 M. K. Rawlings Yearling xxvi. 347 I got a old dug-out right above here, is mighty sorry and season-cracked, but hit'd carry you acrost the creek.
season-measured adj.
ΚΠ
1836 J. H. Newman in J. H. Newman et al. Lyra Apostolica xliii. 48 In childhood, when with eager eyes The season-measured year I viewed.
C2.
season-check n. U.S. (see quot. 1905).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [noun] > cracks
star-shake1779
rend1850
season-check1887
1887 J. Kirkland Zury 32 Ye see that season-check in the butt-end [of a black-walnut log].
1905 Terms Forestry & Logging (Bull. U.S. Dept. Agric., Bureau Forestry, No. 61) 33 Check, a longitudinal crack in timber caused by too rapid seasoning... Syn.: season check.
season crack n. and v. (intransitive) .
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > qualities of metals > [noun] > imperfections
honeycomb1530
roll mark1894
hair crack1896
season crack1909
season cracking1910
snowflake1919
hairline crack1923
shrinkage cavity1923
clink1925
shatter crack1930
stretcher strain1931
pimpling1940
stringer1942
quench cracking1949
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > qualities of metals > [verb (intransitive)] > suffer from cracking
season crack1909
1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Season cracks.
1957 R. A. Higgins Engin. Metall. I. v. 87 A controlled low-temperature anneal..applied to hard~drawn 70/30 brass tube will effectively reduce its tendency to ‘season-crack’..without reducing strength or hardness.
1957 R. A. Higgins Engin. Metall. II. xiv. 292 Residual..stresses in cold-worked alloys often manifest themselves during service in the form of ‘season cracks’.
season cracking n. the occurrence of longitudinal cracks in cold-worked brass or bronze.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > qualities of metals > [noun] > imperfections
honeycomb1530
roll mark1894
hair crack1896
season crack1909
season cracking1910
snowflake1919
hairline crack1923
shrinkage cavity1923
clink1925
shatter crack1930
stretcher strain1931
pimpling1940
stringer1942
quench cracking1949
1910 Brass World VI. 269/1 One of the most annoying things that happens to brass while in use is its season cracking.
1920 Nature 105 744/1 The phenomenon of ‘season-cracking’ in brass.
1923 R. Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics V. 410/2 The essential condition for ‘season cracking’ is the presence in the finished article of internal stresses of considerable magnitude.
1967 A. H. Cottrell Introd. Metall. xxiii. 467 The season cracking of α-brass in ammoniacal environments may be due to local dezincification along the grain boundaries.
season ticket n. a ticket which admits the holder to travel on a boat or on a line of railway, to enter an exhibition, etc., an unlimited number of times during a season or specified period, at a reduced rate of payment; hence season-ticket holder.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun] > document which permits or authorizes > ticket > season-ticket
season ticket1820
season1896
abonnement1970
society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun] > document which permits or authorizes > ticket > ticket-holder
ticket-holder1859
season-ticket holder1862
ticketer1865
ticket-man1904
1820 Columbian Centinel (Boston, Mass.) 2 Dec. 1/1 For sale, a Boston Theatre Season Ticket, at a fair price.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 192 The regular passengers, who have season tickets, go below to breakfast.
1862 J. Simmonds Railway Travellers Handy Bk. 48 We may here remind season-ticket holders to renew their privilege.
1869 W. James Coll. Ess. & Rev. (1920) 1 People who are comfortably in possession of a season~ticket over the Stygian ferry.
1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 228/2 The proportions of passengers, independent of season-ticket holders, were as follows.
1953 C. Day Lewis Ital. Visit i. 14 The season tickets that rattle us back and forth in a groove from Centre to circumference.
Draft additions March 2007
Fashion. An annually recurring period for which a range of garments is designed to be worn; (in later use) spec. either of two divisions of the year (autumn and winter, spring and summer) for which designers produce their collections.In early use sometines overlapping with sense 10.
ΚΠ
1824 World of Fashion June 29/1 We..[draw] the attention of the members of the fashionable world to the unrivalled excellency of the flowers made this season; they are formed of fine cambric.
1894 Daily News 30 Oct. 6/6 The ‘casaque’, or Louis XVI jacket, is another revival of this season.
1907 Eng. Gentleman Feb. 1 The Chesterfield and other over~coats will also be somewhat shorter than last season.
1956 C. Beaton Diary in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) xxi. 305 He gave into her [sc. Chanel's] every whim, even setting up a workroom for her at Eaton Hall.., rather than have her return to Paris a month earlier to make her season's collection.
1992 L. Gordon Shared Lives ii. 15 You were not really acceptable..if you wore no make-up, or last season's fashion.
2005 Bliss July 15 These skinny-leg jeans are great—the cut of the season.
Draft additions March 2007
a. A series of theatrical performances or other cultural events with a common link, such as a particular theme or the use of same performers or venue.
ΚΠ
1900 Times 16 Feb. 11/1 Every one wishes well to Mr. F. R. Benson's Shakespearian season.
1951 Long Beach (Calif.) Press-Telegram 26 Sept. b2/5 Gounod's ‘Romeo and Juliet’ will be the first presentation of the Euterpe Opera Reading Club's twenty-eighth season of opera in English.
1985 J. Randle & M. Watanabe Coping with Japan 69 Tokyo and other cities abound in cheap cinemas showing old films, organizing ‘seasons’ and so on.
2006 Rocky Mountain News (Denver) (Nexis) 3 Oct. 34 a Giselle, which opened Colorado Ballet's season at the Ellie Caulkins Opera House.., serves as a major test for the company.
b. Broadcasting (chiefly North American). A single series of a television or radio programme.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > broadcasting > a broadcast programme or item > [noun] > types of
news bulletin1857
news summary1875
police message1886
newsflash1904
headline1908
play-by-play1909
feature1913
spot ad1916
magazine1921
news1923
time signal1923
outside broadcast1924
radiocast1924
amateur hour1925
bulletin1925
serial1926
commentary1927
rebroadcast1927
school broadcast1927
feature programme1928
trailer1928
hour1930
schools broadcast1930
show1930
spot advertisement1930
spot announcement1930
sustaining1931
flash1934
newscast1934
commercial1935
clambake1937
remote1937
repeat1937
snap1937
soap opera1939
sportcast1939
spot commercial1939
daytimer1940
magazine programme1941
season1942
soap1943
soaper1946
parade1947
public service announcement1948
simulcasting1949
breakfast-time television1952
call-in1952
talkathon1952
game show1953
kidvid1955
roundup1958
telenovela1961
opt-out1962
miniseries1963
simulcast1964
soapie1964
party political1966
novela1968
phone-in1968
sudser1968
schools programme1971
talk-in1971
God slot1972
roadshow1973
trail1973
drama-doc1977
informercial1980
infotainment1980
infomercial1981
kideo1983
talk-back1984
indie1988
omnibus1988
teleserye2000
kidult-
1942 N.Y. Times 22 Mar. vii. 10/3 ‘Easy Aces’ will round out an easy dozen seasons during which about 1,000 characters have appeared in about 3,000 episodes.
1968 S. E. Whitfield in S. E. Whitfield & G. Roddenberry Making of ‘Star Trek’ iv. v. 352 One episode in the first season called for a seven-foot-tall android.
2005 Dreamwatch Feb. 81/3 Season five features such memorable episodes as the mystery-drama The Day of the Dead.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
seasonv.
/ˈsiːzn/, U.S. /ˈsiz(ə)n/ 1. ironically.1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 121 He had a hundred blowes on the feet to season his pastimes.† c. to season with the same liquor: figurative, to imbue or endow with the same qualities. Obsolete.† d. To qualify by a beneficial admixture; to moderate, alleviate, temper. Obsolete.
a. transitive. To render (a dish) more palatable by the addition of some savoury ingredient.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > seasoning > season [verb (transitive)]
savourc1384
seasonc1400
condimentc1420
powder?c1425
saucea1438
pointa1450
tastea1577
palate1610
scent1655
condite1657
zest1705
kitchen1720
dress1795
flavour1830
to zing up1953
zap1979
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 889 Seggeȝ hym serued semly in-noȝe Wyth sere sewes & sete, sesounde of þe best.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 67/1 Cesyn (P. cesun) or welle aray mete or drynke, tempero.
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 9 Seson hit with sugur.
c1480 (a1400) Prol. 110 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 4 As salt sesonis all, þe hartiss at one crist will cale.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 707/2 I season meate as a coke dothe, je saysonne la viande.
a1555 D. Lindsay Tragedie in Dialog Experience & Courteour (1559) sig. Svijv Ane cunnyng Cuke, quhilk best can cessone caill.
1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia Isagoge sig. C5 If seasoned with salt, and spices, it [sc. meat] is yet dryer.
1769 E. Bancroft Ess. Nat. Hist. Guiana 324 All season their food with a great quantity of spices.
1806 ‘Ignotus’ Culina (ed. 3) 68 Take three or four beef steaks cut thick, and season them with pepper, salt, and onion shred fine.
1867 F. Parkman Jesuits in N. Amer. xxv. 366 Maize, pounded and boiled, and seasoned..with morsels of smoked fish.
b. figurative. To mix, intersperse, or imbue with something that imparts relish; to adapt or accommodate to a particular taste.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > excitement > pleasurable excitement > affect with pleasurable excitement [verb (transitive)] > make piquantly exciting
farcea1340
seasonc1520
spice1529
sauce?1534
salt1576
savour1578
cantharidize1812
whoosh1909
zap1979
c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1903) II. Coloss. iv. 6 Youre word be sesonnit in salt euirmare in grace.
1596 L. Keymis Relation 2nd Voy. Guiana sig. E2v Pardon it..if..my speech, which is altogether vnsauourie, season it selfe with some of the leauen of your own discourse.
1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. ii. 72 How much salt water cast away in waste, To season loue, that of loue doth not taste. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 609 Till I [sc. Sin] in Man residing through the Race, His thoughts, his looks, words, actions all infect, And season him thy [sc. Death's] last and sweetest prey. View more context for this quotation
1675 W. Okeley Eben-Ezer Pref. sig. Aj Every Narrator is under a strong Temptation to Season his Discourse to the Gusto of the time.
1700 J. Dryden To my Kinsman J. Driden in Fables 95 You season still with Sports your serious Hours.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 166. ¶6 Writers..who employ their Parts in propagating Immorality, and seasoning vicious Sentiments with Wit and Humour.
a1822 P. B. Shelley tr. J. W. von Goethe Scenes from Faust in Posthumous Poems (1824) 399 To..climb those rocks..Is the true sport that seasons such a path.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)] > make alike or analogous
to season with the same liquor1648
connaturalize1668
assimilate1785
homologize1811
rhyme1824
1648 E. Symmons Vindic. King Charles (new ed.) 36 Truly we do imagine that our subtile and suspected Brethren..would fain season us with the same liquor, which infecteth them.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > qualification > modify, qualify [verb (transitive)]
qualify1533
temperatea1540
take1542
season1604
disbend1607
condition1629
tinge1673
temper1711
shade1817
colour1882
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > by tempering or mixing
temperc1000
attemper1393
temperatea1540
attemperate1561
contemper1585
contemperate1590
mitigate1601
season1604
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > mix or blend [verb (transitive)] > add as ingredient to a mixture > qualify by admixture > to a slight degree
hue1576
salt1576
season1604
taint1605
tinct1616
tincture1636
tinge1690
spike1956
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. ii. 192 Season [1603 ceasen] your admiration for a while With an attent eare. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) iii. vii. 143 + 6 To reproue you for this suit of yours, So season'd with your faithfull loue to me.
a. transferred. To imbue with a taste or scent. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [verb (transitive)]
breathe1532
flavour1542
season1559
smellc1595
resent1602
stop1607
fling1637
tinge1690
savour1832
odorize1857
steam1861
1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 270 They do al season the urin with their smel.
a1591 H. Smith Serm. (1601) 538 What licour our vessels bee seasoned with at the first, they will taste of the same euer after.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > suggestion, proposal > suggest [verb (transitive)] > affect by suggestion, influence
toucha1400
tinct1616
season1617
tincture1636
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 48 They who had his eare, might easily season him with good or ill opinion of his servants or strangers.
1709 R. Steele & J. Addison Tatler No. 111. ⁋3 [Shakspere] seems to have had his Mind thoroughly seasoned with Religion.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1754 I. 145 Garrick, who I can attest from my own knowledge, had his mind seasoned with pious reverence.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > [verb (intransitive)] > have a taste
smatchc1000
brykec1315
smack1398
smake14..
savourc1405
taragec1407
taste1552
relish1566
eat1607
drink1617
seasona1625
bite1713
the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > be similar [verb (intransitive)] > have a touch, tinge, or suggestion of
soundc1340
smatchc1380
soundc1380
savourc1454
smell1526
taste1559
relish1577
smacka1616
reflect1617
seasona1625
tincture1787
twang1821
a1625 J. Fletcher Chances i. viii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaa2v/2 Loose not your labour and your time together, It seasons of a foole, sonne, time is pretious.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > preparation or treatment of corpse > prepare corpse [verb (transitive)] > embalm
balmc1300
embalmc1385
gum1419
anointa1425
seasonc1440
spice?a1475
farce1563
condite1649
balsam1855
c1440 Alphabet of Tales 458 & on þe morn when þai wold hafe opynd hym & sesond hym with spycis at he myght hafe bene curid, he rase vpp & was whikk.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. i. 29 She will..water once a day her Chamber round With eye-offending brine: all this to season A brothers dead loue, which she would keepe fresh And lasting, in her sad remembrance. View more context for this quotation
1638 F. Junius Painting of Ancients 171 He hath seene true dead bodies brought in the banquet, after they had been seasoned a good while and dried up.
4. † d. To prepare or fit (a person); also, to discipline, train. Obsolete.† e. To bring into a healthy condition. Also, to disinfect. Obsolete.† f. To temper (metal). Obsolete. rare.
a. To bring to maturity, ripen; to render fit for use by prolonged exposure to atmospheric influences, or by gradual subjection to conditions of the kind to be undergone in actual working; often, to dry and harden (timber) by long keeping.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > mature
perfecta1398
ripea1398
season1545
ripen?1560
digest1607
mature1626
maturate1628
enripena1631
age1675
august1855
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > season or preserve
beek1483
beath1496
season1545
sap1725
kyanize1843
creosote1846
Paynize1850
Burnettize1867
Powellize1913
air-season1917
pressure-treat1922
recondition1931
seal1940
the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > for use > by subjection to working conditions
season1686
1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 12v A stele muste be well seasoned for Castinge, and it must be made as the grayne lieth & as it groweth or els it wyl neuer flye clene.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. ix. f. 43 They browght with them Cinamome and gynger: but not very good, bycause they were not there fully seasoned with the heate of the soone.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 74 The houses very seldome keepe out raine, the timbers being not well seasoned.
1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iv. 161 They also heat their furnace for a weeks time with charcoal without blowing it, which they call seasoning it.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 77 Casks..which their Coopers assisted us to trim, season, and fit up.
1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table vi. 154 Knowledge and timber shouldn't be much used till they are seasoned.
b. intransitive for reflexive. To become seasoned.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > actions of wood [verb (intransitive)] > become seasoned
season1679
1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ix. 155 They generally Rough-plain their Boards..that they may set them by to season.
1881 Cassell's Family Mag. VII. 511 An artificial method..which has the effect of ageing the wood in a few hours, as well as if it had been kept seasoning for years.
c. transitive. To fortify (a person) by habit against conditions that might otherwise be deleterious; to acclimatize.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > [verb (transitive)] > acclimatize
season1601
acclimate1792
acclimatize1802
climatize1826
climate1849
the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > do habitually [verb (transitive)] > accustom (a person) > adapt to circumstances
season1601
acclimate1792
acclimatize1802
climatize1826
acclime1834
1601 Ld. Mountjoy Let. in F. Moryson Itinerary (1617) ii. 108 They will come over well cloathed against the Winter and may have time to rest, and to be seasoned, till Christmas.
1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World II. 221 Many of them died, because they were not used to live in a jail; but for my part it was nothing to me, for I was seasoned.
1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II ii. lxviii. 95 In war well season'd, and with labours tann'd.
1896 A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad lxii. 94 And easy, smiling, seasoned sound, Sate the king when healths went round.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person
dightc1275
season1604
make1605
candidate1628
ready1834
groom1887
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iii. 84 Am I then reuendged To take him in the purging of his soule, When he is fit and seasond for his passage? View more context for this quotation
1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. xxii. 253 How schollars may be seasoned and trained vp in Gods true Religion and in grace.
1644 J. Milton Of Educ. 4 And withall to season them, and win them early to the love of vertue and true labour.
1658 J. Cleveland Rustick Rampant 16 The Kentishmen, seasoned by this Priest or Prophet of the Idol, are easily tempted by the Essexians.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > make healthy [verb (transitive)] > bring into good condition
season1601
brace1736
fine1835
tonify1858
tonicize1884
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > disinfecting > disinfect [verb (transitive)]
disinfect1598
season1722
sanitize1836
antiseptize1878
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxiii. i. 148 As touching grapes preserved in earthen pots, they refresh and season the mouth which was out of tast.
1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 281 Those people..did take particular Directions for what they called Seasoning of their Houses, and Abundance of costly Things were consum'd..which..not only seasoned those Houses..but fill'd the Air with very grateful..Smells.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > harden, temper, or anneal
temperc1381
allay1409
neal1558
harden1560
anneal1662
season1731
reanneal1850
attemper1869
1731 S. Savery Magnet. Observ. in Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 307 Steel cannot be seasoned too hard for Retension.
1731 S. Savery Magnet. Observ. in Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 328 With this little Bar naked I touched a small Dial-Needle made of Steel... I seasoned it very hard, and cleansed it well.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habits or actions > habits and actions > [verb (transitive)] > seize prey with claws
strain1426
season1530
claw1557
seize1590
maul1848
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 707/2 I season upon a thynge, as a hauke dothe, je assaysonne. She saysonned upon the fesante at the first flyght.
1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus ii. iii. sig. Iiijv This pray is worthy for our clawes .i. this is one as mete for vs to season vpon, as it is mete for any lyon..to season his pawes vpon his pray.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > fertilizing or manuring > fertilize or manure [verb (transitive)]
gooda1525
marl1528
plentify1555
fat1562
fatten1563
season1563
heart1573
manure1577
soil1593
hearten1594
remanure1598
enrich1601
teasel1610
battle1611
batten1612
bedung1649
sweeten1733
top-dress1733
top1856
side-dress1888
1563 T. Hill Arte Gardening (1593) 10 So that the same [dung] be scattered like seedes on the ground, wherby to season ground the better.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxv. 254 Or as the good gardiner seasons his soyle by sundrie sorts of compost.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > fecundation or impregnation > [verb (transitive)]
geta1375
to beget with childa1393
impregn?c1550
season1555
enwomb1590
knock1598
with-child1605
fill1607
fertilitate1638
ingravidate1642
impregnate1646
improlificate1646
prolificate1650
pregnant1660
pregnate1686
fecundate1721
fecundify1736
to knock up1813
to put in the family way1898
inseminate1923
to get or put (someone) in the (pudding) club1936
stork1936
to put in the way1960
1511 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/4) Payd for sesnyng of iij sowys jd. ob.
1538 T. Elyot Dict. Admissura, the acte or tyme whan beastes doth their kinde in generation. Seasoning.]
1555 R. Eden Two Viages into Guinea in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 354v When the male hath once seasoned the female, he neuer after toucheth her.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. viii. xlv. 224 This prince..would not suffer the Buls to come unto the Kine and season them, before they were both foure yeares old.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.a1300
v.c1400